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Articles 1 - 30 of 128
Full-Text Articles in Engineering
Coherent Reflection Of Acoustic Plane Wave From Rough Interfaces In A Stratified Random Fluid Medium, Jin-Yuan Liu, Shiahn-Wern Shyue, Chen-Fen Huang
Coherent Reflection Of Acoustic Plane Wave From Rough Interfaces In A Stratified Random Fluid Medium, Jin-Yuan Liu, Shiahn-Wern Shyue, Chen-Fen Huang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Coherent reflection of an acoustic plane wave from rough interfaces in a horizontally-stratified medium, within which the sound-speed distribution subject to a small and random perturbation, is considered in this paper. The general formulation based upon the theory for rough-interface scattering in a stratified medium, in conjunction with that for random medium is derived. The Green’s function for a random medium bounded by two surfaces, which serves as generic solution of the problem, is obtained. The formulation is then applied to a simplified seabed environment to study the effects of surface roughness and medium inhomogenieties on the coherent reflection. The …
Thermodynamic Aspect And Diffusion Model On Interdiffusion Of Laminate Structure, Shing-Hoa Wang
Thermodynamic Aspect And Diffusion Model On Interdiffusion Of Laminate Structure, Shing-Hoa Wang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
A non-uniform system such as microsegregation, heterogeneous microstructure and multiple-layer deposition of thin films, always exists in the engineering materials and the electronic materials for solid state devices. As a consequence of interdiffusion under high temperature exposure, The dynamical changes of composition profiles and vacancies could lead to materials in earlier failure and reduce the life time of the component. Several theoretical fundamentals have been proposed on different aspects, including(1) the void formation at the steepest concentration gradient:(2) thermodynamic view points of excess vacancy flux;(3) the model of interdiffusion for dynamic composition profile change; and(4) stress gradient induced strain enhanced …
Qualitative Modeling For Magnetization Curve, Pei-Hwa Huang, Yu-Shuo Chang
Qualitative Modeling For Magnetization Curve, Pei-Hwa Huang, Yu-Shuo Chang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
This paper studies the derivation of a qualitative description for the magnetization curve of saturable magnetic materials. From a set of numerical input-output data, a fuzzy model, which is a collection of fuzzy IF-THEN rules for describing the studied system, is first constructed for the magnetization curve. A procedure consisting of a fuzzy clustering method and a rule processing algorithm is then employed for processing the constructed fuzzy modeling rules to extract the qualitative properties of the curve. The proposed approach is objective in that it can yield the system qualitative features without domain experts’ knowledge. An example is demonstrated …
Effect Of Asymmetric Hydrodynamic Impact On The Dynamic Response, Jianbo Hua, Jeun-Len Wu, Wei-Hui Wang
Effect Of Asymmetric Hydrodynamic Impact On The Dynamic Response, Jianbo Hua, Jeun-Len Wu, Wei-Hui Wang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
Due to the asymmetric water entry over a submerged part of a ship, the effect of the hydrodynamic impact on the dynamic response of a plate structure is investigated numerically by employing an orthogonal plate theory. The effect is found significant in the calculation. Both the deflection and the stress in the plate increase as the asymmetric degree under water entry of a bottom structure increases. Because of the structural dynamic effect, the maximum deflection at a heel angle of 20 degrees becomes about 50% more than that of the quasi-static approach, and the maximum stress in ydirection 40% more …
Linearly Unbiased Estimation Combined With Jc Method For The Carbonation Contamination Of Some Concrete Bridges In Taipei, Ming-Te Liang, Guo-Fan Zhao, Yen-Sheng Liao, Chih-Hsin Liang
Linearly Unbiased Estimation Combined With Jc Method For The Carbonation Contamination Of Some Concrete Bridges In Taipei, Ming-Te Liang, Guo-Fan Zhao, Yen-Sheng Liao, Chih-Hsin Liang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
The main purpose of this investigation was to study the durability evaluations of existing concrete bridges due to carbonation contamination. The linearly unbiased estimation method associated with the JC method developed by the Joint Committee on Structural Safety was adopted to predict the mean value and standard deviation of the normal distribution for the carbonation depths and cover thickness of concrete bridges. The reliability index (β) and failure probability (Pf) of concrete bridges were also evaluated. Since the linearly unbiased estimation method is very suitable for analyzing a small number of specimens obtained from practical engineering problems, the unknown parameters …
On The Design And Analysis Of Ship Stabilizimg Fin Controller, Ching-Yaw Tzeng, Chung-Yi Wu
On The Design And Analysis Of Ship Stabilizimg Fin Controller, Ching-Yaw Tzeng, Chung-Yi Wu
Journal of Marine Science and Technology
A ship stabilizing fin controller based on the Internal Model Control (IMC) method is described in this paper. The proposed method directly shapes the output sensitivity function which relates the wave disturbance to the ship roll motion to achieve good disturbance rejection. The adopted IMC method gives a controller that depends explicitly on the model parameters and a design parameter that specifies the desired system response. Moreover, under the IMC structure, the sensitivity functions depend linearly on the design transfer function and this makes it easy to satisfy the internal stability condition. A reference conditioning technique is employed in the …
A Study Of Monitoring Corrosion Of Metal Via An Optic Waveguide Sensing Method, Xue Ming Li, Wei Ming Chen, Shang Lian Huang, Na Zhang, Zong-Qing Huang
A Study Of Monitoring Corrosion Of Metal Via An Optic Waveguide Sensing Method, Xue Ming Li, Wei Ming Chen, Shang Lian Huang, Na Zhang, Zong-Qing Huang
Journal of Electrochemistry
An optical wave guide sensing method was proposed for monitoring corrosion of metal in outdoors steel structures. Replacing the cladding of wave guide with metal film in a particular location, the method takes the metal film as the corrosion sensitive film. The experiment of waveguide sensor was carried out on a 721 colorimetric vessel, with which the soution is held in itself and the light is propagated in its sidewall. A Fe C alloy film was electroplated onto the inner sied of vessel to form the corrosion sensitive film. The structure of the Fe C alloy film was studied by …
A Study Of The Adsorption Behaviors On The Surface Of Gold Electrode By In-Situ Electrochemical Raman Spectroscopy, Xia Qin Wu, Xiao Wei Cao, Zhe Su Wang, Xiao-Yun Meng, Zong-Rang Zhang
A Study Of The Adsorption Behaviors On The Surface Of Gold Electrode By In-Situ Electrochemical Raman Spectroscopy, Xia Qin Wu, Xiao Wei Cao, Zhe Su Wang, Xiao-Yun Meng, Zong-Rang Zhang
Journal of Electrochemistry
The results of in situ measurements with Raman spectroelectrochemical thchnique on bare gold electrode and adenine modified gold electrode were reported. The adsorption behaviors of adenine and superoxide dismutase(SOD) and their interactions with gold electrode were analyed. The mechanism of promoted electron transfer process of SOD in the presence of adenine at gold electrode surface is discussed.
The Development Of Carbon Monoxide Tolerant Catalysts For Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, Zhong Jun Hou, Hong Mei Yu, Bao Lian Yi, Ming Han
The Development Of Carbon Monoxide Tolerant Catalysts For Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, Zhong Jun Hou, Hong Mei Yu, Bao Lian Yi, Ming Han
Journal of Electrochemistry
High over potential of proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC) anode caused by carbon monnoxide poisoning when reformate or methanol is used as fuel is main obstacle to the high performance of PEMFCs.Using carbon monoxide tolerant catalysts is the most hopeful way to solve the CO problem.The CO poisoning problem is reviewed briefly in this paper,and the development of CO tolerant catalysts is introduced in details, including electrocatalysts activity, preparation method and mechanism of tolerance to CO.Mo and W can improve catalysts' CO tolerance.Multi component catalysts are expected to be more tolerant to CO.
Investigation Of A Complex Lithium Cobalt Nickel Oxide As Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Materials Prepared By A New Citrate Sol-Gel Method, Jing-Li Han, Qing Guo Liu
Investigation Of A Complex Lithium Cobalt Nickel Oxide As Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Materials Prepared By A New Citrate Sol-Gel Method, Jing-Li Han, Qing Guo Liu
Journal of Electrochemistry
The synthesis and electrochemical characteristics of lithium cobalt nickel oxide as cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries were investigated. It was clarified from these investigations that lithium cobalt nickel oxide has been produced from basic cobalt carbonate,basic nickel carbonate, lithium carbonate, and citrate. LiNi 0.8 Co 0.2 O 2 prepared under the stream of oxygen gas showed a higher cycling capacity of (～190 mAhg 1 ).
Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Properties Of Carbon Nanotubes, Xue Qin, Xue Ping Gao, Feng Wu, Hong Liu, Ying Lan, Hua-Tang Yuan, De Ying Song, Pan Wen Shen
Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Properties Of Carbon Nanotubes, Xue Qin, Xue Ping Gao, Feng Wu, Hong Liu, Ying Lan, Hua-Tang Yuan, De Ying Song, Pan Wen Shen
Journal of Electrochemistry
The electrochemical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) electrode have been investigated in this paper. The high discharge capacity of 200 mAh·g 1 was measured for the CNTs Ni electrode at a discharge density of 200 mA·g 1 . CNTs Ni electrode, the high electrochemical activity and the long cycle life were observed. The electrochemical mechanism of hydrogen adsorption and oxidation at the CNTs Ni electrode was studied by cyclic voltammertry method.
Template Synthesis Of Nano-Structured Electrode Materials And Its Electrochemical Performance, Jian Zhao, Quan Yong Gao, Yong Yang, Zu-Geng Lin
Template Synthesis Of Nano-Structured Electrode Materials And Its Electrochemical Performance, Jian Zhao, Quan Yong Gao, Yong Yang, Zu-Geng Lin
Journal of Electrochemistry
In this letter, various nano structured materials such as spinel LiMn 2O 4 nanotubes/nanowires and carbon nanotubes have been prepared by using porous alumina template. The prepared template and materials have been characterized by AFM and TEM techniques. It is shown that size of the nanotubes can be conveniently controlled by using template method. Some preliminary results of cyclic voltammetry about nano structured LiMn 2O 4 are also reported.
The Electrochemical Performance Of The Spinel Limn_2o_4, Shi Gang Lu, Yu Cheng Sun, Ren Min Liu, Wei-Hua Jin, Wen-Zhong Li, Cang Han
The Electrochemical Performance Of The Spinel Limn_2o_4, Shi Gang Lu, Yu Cheng Sun, Ren Min Liu, Wei-Hua Jin, Wen-Zhong Li, Cang Han
Journal of Electrochemistry
The cathode material spinel LiMn 2O 4 of lithium ion battery was synthesized by making use of solid state reaction at 750～850 ℃. The discharge capacity was 115～125 mAh g -1 . It was observed that the capacity loss increase at the elvated 55 ℃ temperature. A little excess Li content and the Co doped spined could improved the cycle capability of the cathode material. The dissolution of the spined in the electrolyte was measured. The treatment method was used to stabilize the LiMn 2O 4 structure. It was found that the spinel LiMn 2O 4, treated with layer compound …
The Study Of Pretreatment For The Determination Of The Conventional Anion In Sea Water By Ic——The Method Of Electrolysing Argentine Electrode, Lei Guo, Wei Yang, Rong Zong Hu
The Study Of Pretreatment For The Determination Of The Conventional Anion In Sea Water By Ic——The Method Of Electrolysing Argentine Electrode, Lei Guo, Wei Yang, Rong Zong Hu
Journal of Electrochemistry
The method of pretreatment to determine trace amounts of Br ,NO 3 and SO 4 2 in sea water by ion chromatography was proposed, by which the electrolysing argentine electrode was used to minimize the disturbance of Cl -. The results indicate that the method is simple, convenient, quick and efficient with recovery rates over 95 percent.
Study On Electrodeposition Of Ingaas Thin Film, Yu Chun Li, Xi Lian Wang, Jing Ke Han, Ai-Zhen Han, Yuan-Kai Gao, Zhi-Wei Yang
Study On Electrodeposition Of Ingaas Thin Film, Yu Chun Li, Xi Lian Wang, Jing Ke Han, Ai-Zhen Han, Yuan-Kai Gao, Zhi-Wei Yang
Journal of Electrochemistry
The principle and the experimental method of the electrodeposition are discribed in detail in this paper.InGaAs thin film was prepared by using optimized electrodeposited conditions. The radiative wave length of the film was between 1.3～1.5 μm, the composition of the film was analyzed by energy spectrometer and the transmission spectrum of the film was measured by spectrophotometer and monochromator. The V I chractristic of the conductive type and the topography of the In x Ga 1 x As film were also studied.
Studies Of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy On Coated Steel With Artificial Defect, Zhi Gang Zhang, Zhi Jun Gu, Yong Gui Liao, Qi-Long Guo, Fang-Teng Su, Yan-Zhen Chen
Studies Of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy On Coated Steel With Artificial Defect, Zhi Gang Zhang, Zhi Jun Gu, Yong Gui Liao, Qi-Long Guo, Fang-Teng Su, Yan-Zhen Chen
Journal of Electrochemistry
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was applied to rapidly evaluate the performance of organic coatings and the characterization of the protective properties of anticorrosive pigments in the presence of artificial defect in organic coatings. The results showed that artificial defect method can rapidly evaluate the performance of coatings and discriminate whether the pigments in the coatings have inhibitive.
The Memory Effect Of Mh-Ni Battery, De Ming Xie, Jian Ming Wang, Jian Qing Zhang, Chu-Nan Cao
The Memory Effect Of Mh-Ni Battery, De Ming Xie, Jian Ming Wang, Jian Qing Zhang, Chu-Nan Cao
Journal of Electrochemistry
The memory effect of MH Ni battery was investigated. The depth of discharge, discharge rate and cycle number influence the memory effect greatly. A few completely full charge/discharge cycles could eliminate it. The existence of the memory effect had nothing to do with zinc element. During the course of life cycling at low DOD (degree of discharge),the smaller the discharge current was, the lower was the maximum charge voltage. In addition, discharge voltage and discharge capacity drop fast at the beginning, gradually leveled off at about a value. If the discharge current was increased, the discharge capacity was obviously less …
Effect Of High Concentration Lithium Bromide Solution On Electrochemical Behavior Of Low Alloy Steel At High Temperature, Jian-Wei Guo, Cheng Hao Liang
Effect Of High Concentration Lithium Bromide Solution On Electrochemical Behavior Of Low Alloy Steel At High Temperature, Jian-Wei Guo, Cheng Hao Liang
Journal of Electrochemistry
By electrochemical measurements and weight loss experiments, the effect of MoO 4 2- on low alloy steel's electrochemical behaviors was investigated at high temperature in 55%LiBr+0.07 mol/L LiOH solution. The results showed that MoO 4 2- ,as an anodic inhibitor, formed passive film rapidly and impeded both anodic and cathodic procedures. Moreover, Na 2MoO 4 prevented corrosion effectively in 55%LiBr+0.07 mol/L LiOH solution when its concentration is more than 200 mg/L. The pitting potential increased accompanying to the arising of Na 2MoO 4 concentration.Some elements of alloy strengthened resistance to corrosion, shch as chromium and nickel, but aluminum promoted corrosion. …
Studies Of Adsorption And Oxidation Of Ethanol On Nm-Pt/Gc Electrode——I.Cyclic Voltammograms And In-Situ Ftir Spectroscopy In Alkaline Media, Guo-Lian Chen, Shi-Gang Sun, Sheng-Pei Chen, Zhi-You Zhou
Studies Of Adsorption And Oxidation Of Ethanol On Nm-Pt/Gc Electrode——I.Cyclic Voltammograms And In-Situ Ftir Spectroscopy In Alkaline Media, Guo-Lian Chen, Shi-Gang Sun, Sheng-Pei Chen, Zhi-You Zhou
Journal of Electrochemistry
The electro_oxidation of ethanol on nm_Pt/GC electrode in alkaline solutions containing 0.02 mol·L -1 NaOH+0.1 mol·L -1 CH 3CH 2OH was investigated by using cyclic voltammetry and in_situ FTIR spectroscopy. The experimental results demonstrated that the main product of ethanol oxidation is CH 3COO -,only very small amount of CH 3CHO has been determined simultaneously. In contrast with the dual path reaction mechanism for the oxidation of ethanol in acid media,the oxidation of ethanol in alkaline media didn't pass through the dissociative adsorption,and no adsorbed species could be determined even using a nm_Pt/GC electrode that gives rise to enhancement of …
Electrochemical Polymerization Of Biphenyl And P-Terphenyl In Organic Solvent, Sheng Cui, Yun Yun
Electrochemical Polymerization Of Biphenyl And P-Terphenyl In Organic Solvent, Sheng Cui, Yun Yun
Journal of Electrochemistry
Polymers were prepared by oxidation of biphenyl and p terphenyl by consecutive cyclic voltammetry and at a constant potential in rigorously dried dichloromethane solutions. In situ studies on the polymerization properties and deposited polymer were also proceeded employing electrochemical quartz crystal micro balance, spectroelectrochemical measurements. The great mass deposition was observed as the biphenyl and p terphenyl monomers are oxidized indicating that polymers were formed by the oxidation of biphenyl and p terphenyl in the solution and then deposited on the platinum electrode surfaces. Polymerization can be further confirmed by the red shifts of spectra observed by spectroelectrochemical measurements. The …
Review Of: Joe Thornton, Pandora's Poison: Chlorine, Health, And A New Environmental Strategy, William Ronnenberg Jr.
Review Of: Joe Thornton, Pandora's Poison: Chlorine, Health, And A New Environmental Strategy, William Ronnenberg Jr.
RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)
Review of the book Pandora's Poison: Chlorine, Health, and a New Environmental Strategy by Joe Thornton, (M.I.T. Press 2000). Appendices, notes, references, index. LC 99-057011; ISBN 0-262-20124-0 [599 pp. $34.95 cloth, Five Cambridge Center, Cambridge MA 02142-1493] .
Electrochemical Characteristics Of Sb Irreversibly Adsorbed On Pt(100), Pt(110), Pt(111) And Pt(320) Electrodes, Yi Yun Yang, Zhi You Zhou, Qi Hui Wu, Shi Gang Sun
Electrochemical Characteristics Of Sb Irreversibly Adsorbed On Pt(100), Pt(110), Pt(111) And Pt(320) Electrodes, Yi Yun Yang, Zhi You Zhou, Qi Hui Wu, Shi Gang Sun
Journal of Electrochemistry
The electrochemical behaviors of irreversibly adsorbed antimony on Pt(100), Pt(110), Pt(111) and Pt(320) were studied by using cyclic voltammetry. The results revealeds that the Sb adatoms are stable on Pt(100), Pt(110), Pt(111) and on Pt(320) when electrode potentials are below 0.45 V(SCE) and 0.40 V, respectively. It was demonstrated that various coverages of Sb ad can be conveniently obtained by controlling the number of potential cycling and varying the upper limit of potential scan. The electrochemical behaviors of irreversibly adsorbed antimony varied with the surface atomic arrangement of Pt single crystal electrodes. Based on quantitative results of the relationship between …
Mechanisimic Study Of Fes Electrode Process, Cong-Sheng Guan, Shu-Zhen Duan
Mechanisimic Study Of Fes Electrode Process, Cong-Sheng Guan, Shu-Zhen Duan
Journal of Electrochemistry
The mechanism of FeS electrode process has been investigated by using linear cyclic voltammetry. The electrode porcess of FeS is accompanied with the formation and dissolution of insoluble FeS and controlled by ohmic resistance. The peak currents and potentials on the cyclic voltammograms are dependent lineally on the square root of the scan rates. According to this, an ohmic resistance controlling model of FeS electrode has been put forward, and the relative functions between peak currents or potentials and scan rates have been deduced. The theoretical deduction is corresponding to the results of the experiments.
Cathodic Indirect Oxidation Of Organic Compounds(Ⅱ)——Cathodic Indirect Epoxidation Of Olefine, Xue Ying Zhang, Bao Qiu Cui, Deng Ping Gu, Wei Li
Cathodic Indirect Oxidation Of Organic Compounds(Ⅱ)——Cathodic Indirect Epoxidation Of Olefine, Xue Ying Zhang, Bao Qiu Cui, Deng Ping Gu, Wei Li
Journal of Electrochemistry
We described a novel cathodic indirect epoxidation system in which O 2 was first cathodically reduced to H 2O 2. Then VO(acac) 2 was oxidized by H 2O 2 homogeneously to VO(acac) 2OOH which was used to epoxidize some olefine such as maleic, fumaric and crotonic acids. Many affecting factors on the current efficiency were optimized. The research will contribute to the developments of organic electrosynthesis.
The Study On Lithiated Titanium Composite Oxides As Negative Electrode For Lithium-Ion Battery, Xiao-Yan Yang, Shou-Nan Hua, Shu-Yong Zhang
The Study On Lithiated Titanium Composite Oxides As Negative Electrode For Lithium-Ion Battery, Xiao-Yan Yang, Shou-Nan Hua, Shu-Yong Zhang
Journal of Electrochemistry
Lithiated titanium composite oxides Li 4Ti 5O 12 were prepared from Li 2CO 3 and TiO 2. The XRD results of this composite oxides indicated that the compound had a spinel structure. The electrochemical behavior of lithiated titanium composite oxides was examined. The results showed that this material had an excellent cyclic capability and reversibility for lithium insertion, and had high specific capacity: the initial discharge capacity was 300 mAh·g -1 , and the reversible capacity was 100 mAh·g -1 . The discharge plateau (about 1.5 V) and the charge plateau (about 1.6 V) were very close on the voltage …
A Study On The Cylindrical Zinc-Air Battery, Sheng Sian Li, Gui Mao Zhou, Xin Ping Ai, Han Xi Yang
A Study On The Cylindrical Zinc-Air Battery, Sheng Sian Li, Gui Mao Zhou, Xin Ping Ai, Han Xi Yang
Journal of Electrochemistry
The zinc air battery has advantages of high specific energies and low cost,therefore attracts much interests.However,its application is limited only in prismatic and button type.This paper reported a novel design of cylindrical zinc air batteries and the performances of the batteries tested at various conditions.The results showed that when discharged at the current of 40 mA at 20 °C, the capacity of AA size and AAA size batteries reached 4000mAh and 1400mAh respectively,corresponding to the energy densities 280 Wh/kg and 200 Wh/kg.The effects of the discharge current, temperature and humidity on the performances of the batteries are also discussed.
Corrosion Behavior Of Reinforcing Steel In Concrete, Rong Du, Gui Gui, Rong Hu, Feng Zu Gang, Tan Jian De, Lin Chang Guang, Jian Jian
Corrosion Behavior Of Reinforcing Steel In Concrete, Rong Du, Gui Gui, Rong Hu, Feng Zu Gang, Tan Jian De, Lin Chang Guang, Jian Jian
Journal of Electrochemistry
The corrosion behavior of reinforcing steel in concrete in chloride free and chloride contaminated simulated concrete solutions was studied by electrochemical technique.The results showed that the reinforcing steel exhitibted different corrosion characteristics in the different solutons.In general ,the steel in concrete was protected in the test solutions with no salt or the lower concentration of NaCl.When the concentration of NaCl is larger than 70%,however,the corrosion behavior of the steel varied considerably,and the corrosion rate increased as pH fell and the concentration of Cl - increased.