Advertising and Promotion Management Commons^™

You Have Been Warned: The Effect Of California's Proposition 65 Warning On Consumer Perceptions And Evaluations, Kristina Medvedeva, Lauren Drury, Katie Kelting

Business, Accounting and Economics Faculty Scholarship

With cancer rates projected to rise sharply in the coming years, identifying effective preventative health measures to address the issue has become critically important. By adopting perceived risk and signaling theory as the theoretical lens, the current research examines one such unique and underexplored intervention—the Proposition 65 warning. Across four studies, the findings show that consumers' sensitivity to the Proposition 65 warning varies by product category and geographic location. The findings also reveal that the presence (vs. absence) of the Proposition 65 warning negatively affects evaluations of not only the product, but also the retailer that sells the product. In …

Beyond Baseball: A Case Study On The Multipurpose Venue Management Practices Of Giants Enterprises, Collette Grace Madden

Experience Industry Management

The success of sports organizations no longer relies on team performance and game attendance. Giants Enterprises utilizes many guest engagement and destination development strategies to expand the brand reach of the San Francisco Giants. The purpose of this study was to examine how Giants Enterprises has positioned Oracle Park and Mission Rock as premier event destinations beyond baseball, with a focus on best practices in event diversification, experience design, and placemaking. A case study was conducted on Giants Enterprises to analyze what event diversification, experience design, and placemaking tactics were utilized as well as their effectiveness. The results of this …

The Importance Of Leader-Member Exchange And Psychological Contracts In Highly Qualified Researchers, Robin L. Ingerick Dba

Theses & Dissertations

This study examined the significance of the relationship between leader-member exchange (LMX) and psychological contracts in United States-based research organizations. When the organization-manager-employee relationship deteriorates, psychological contract breaches can occur, negatively affecting employee outcomes and the organization's financial success and stability. Existing knowledge highlights several factors that influence relationships, including reciprocated treatment, work behaviors and reactions, trust, professional respect, affect, mutual interaction, work autonomy, communication, job satisfaction, and fulfillment. The study sought to determine to what extent is there a predictive relationship between LMX and psychological contracts (employee obligations, employer obligations, fulfillment, and contract transitions) of highly qualified United States-based …

Csumb Music Club Handbook, Ryan N. Cobar

Capstone Projects and Master's Theses

In this handbook, Ryan Cobar will discuss the points of planning and execution of an event on CSUMB campus as well as how to run the CSUMB Music Club.

Feedback Strategies In The Market With Uncertainties, Mustapha Nyenye Issah

Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)

This paper explores how established firms use strategic advertising to deter new competitors in uncertain markets. Specifically, it models a situation where market demand evolves unpredictably - captured by the CKLS stochastic process, and the incumbent firm may be either strong or weak, a fact hidden from potential entrants. For a company already in the market, advertising is not just about driving immediate sales, it is a strategic tool to project an image of strength and deter potential new competitors. On the other side, a business thinking about entering that market faces a high-stakes, irreversible decision. It will typically hold …

Riding Attention Spikes: How Analysts Respond To Advertising, Minjae Koo, Annika Yu Wang, Yin Wang, Liandong Zhang

Research Collection School Of Accountancy

Product market advertising, while containing little new information, triggers spikes in investor attention. Using weekly advertising data, we find that sell-side analysts issue optimistic earnings forecasts in response to heavier advertising in the prior week. This effect is not driven by confounding earnings or product news. It is more pronounced for experienced analysts and analysts affiliated with brokerages relying solely on trading revenues. The optimistic forecast bias intensifies the impact of advertising on investor trades, especially on retail buying, of the underlying stock during the following week. Overall, analysts appear to issue optimistic forecasts to exploit retail investor attention spikes …

The Token-Effort Effect: Trivial Redemption Effort Increases Price Promotions Effectiveness, Kuangjie Zhang, Thomas Allard, Nidhi Agrawal, Rajesh Bagchi

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

This research documents how introducing redemption tasks requiring a token (i.e., trivial) amount of effort—for instance, by asking the consumer to enter a promo code or solve a CAPTCHA to receive a discount—increases price promotion effectiveness compared with equivalent straight discounts (i.e., applied automatically). Eight studies (including two field experiments) and three additional Web Appendix studies provide robust evidence for the beneficial effect of token-effort requirements on redemption rates. This effect occurs because the easy-to-attain redemption task induces a high perceived return on effort. Thus, this effect only occurs when the redemption task requires token-type effort but not when it …

Helping Craft Beer Hunters Make Their Next Great Beer Discovery, Mark Mitchell, Sheila Mitchell

Atlantic Marketing Journal

The number of craft beer producers and consumers in the United States has increased dramatically over the last ten years. This manuscript provides an overview of the craft beer marketplace in the United States with a focus on the craft brewers and retailers as well as the consumers who favor craft beers. Craft beer enthusiasts are a “consumption community” or, a group of consumers who share a deep involvement with the craft beer category. This study presents a list of common business practices designed to appeal to this unique consumer group.

Investigating The Relationship Between Noun Classes And Plant Folk Taxonomy In Chasu Language Of Kilimanjaro Region In Tanzania, Peter Rabson Mziray

Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences

The current study investigates the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu (G 22). The study focuses on two objectives: the first objective is to describe the plant folk taxonomy in Chasu and the second objective is to determine the relationship between noun classes and plant folk taxonomy in Chasu. Data were collected from rural villages in Same and Mwanga districts by using free listing, field interviews (jungle-walk-and-identify), and written texts containing Chasu plant names. The findings reveal that Chasu folk taxonomy reflects different ethnobotanical categories; including a unique beginner which is mmea/mimea ‘plant(s)’, and three life …

Social Media Sponsorship: Metrics And Strategies For Finding The Right Content Creator-Sponsor Matches, Shahryar Doosti, Stephanie Lee, Young Tan

Business Faculty Articles and Research

Social media video sponsorship, where sponsors partner with content creators to promote their brands, has become increasingly popular. Leveraging rich data on sponsored and nonsponsored videos on Facebook, we introduce two metrics, Content Similarity and Audience Closeness, to help sponsors find effective creator-sponsor matches. Content Similarity captures the thematic alignment between a creator’s content and a sponsor’s brand, whereas Audience Closeness measures how closely aligned a creator’s and sponsor’s audiences are within a social media network. We find that both metrics significantly increase video viewership, but their effects vary over time. Audience Closeness generates more immediate, short-term engagement, whereas …

The Influence Of Live Shopping On Consumer Purchase Decisions: Analysing The Role Of Social Commerce In Indonesia’S Retail Sector, Andi Irfan, Andi Nur Yadin S, Hafipah Hafipah, Yusram Adi

The South East Asian Journal of Management

Research Aims: This study examines the influence of live shopping on consumer purchase decisions in Indonesia, focusing on key features such as interactivity, promotional urgency, and influencer marketing. It also investigates the mediating effect of consumer trust and the moderating role of social commerce experience.

Design/Methodology/Approach: A quantitative approach was employed, using survey data from 265 Indonesian consumers who engage in live shopping. The analysis was conducted using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) in SmartPLS.

Research Findings: Interactivity, promotional urgency, and influencer marketing significantly impact consumer purchase decisions, both directly and indirectly through consumer trust. Promotional urgency …

Exploring Consumers' Attitudes Toward Ai-Generated Advertising Content, Heather M. Meyer, Chaehong You

Mountain Plains Business Conference

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a growing trend in the fields of marketing and advertising. In particular, AI-generated advertising content is on the rise. But how do consumers feel about this? Four mock-up AI advertisements were created for the following categories: fast food, hand lotion, soft drinks, and athletic shoes. A survey capturing attitudes was completed by 168 participants. Both quantitative and qualitative data reveal negative attitudes towards AI-generated advertising content, regardless of product category. This pattern exposes an issue for practitioners. They want to utilize this new technology; however, their audience is resistant to it. Implications and suggestions are discussed.

Exploring Customer Satisfaction Drivers In The Automotive Sector: A Study Of Volkswagen In Chennai, Sridhar M, Karthik Rajan C S

Management Dynamics

This study examines the key drivers of customer satisfaction among Volkswagen car owners in Chennai, a major metropolitan market within India’s rapidly evolving automotive sector. As competition intensifies and consumer expectations shift, understanding the multidimensional aspects of satisfaction spanning product quality, performance, after-sales service, brand perception, and pricing has become essential for enhancing customer retention and loyalty. Employing a structured questionnaire administered to 100 Volkswagen customers, the study uses both descriptive and inferential statistical tools to identify significant satisfaction determinants. Findings reveal that while customers express high satisfaction with product performance and driving experience, concerns persist regarding service accessibility, mechanical …

The Effect Of Customer Perception Of Service Failure And Recovery On Relationship Dissolution Behavior: Evidence In Airline Services, Jihyo Moon, Sang-Lin Han, Jong Won Lee

Asia Marketing Journal

Many previous studies have been conducted on service failure and recovery, but the existing preceding studies are mainly focused on positive behavioral intentions such as loyalty, word of mouth intention and recommendation intention. Therefore, there is relatively little interest in customers’ negative behavioral intentions.

In today’s society where SNS is very developed, customers’ complaints or retaliatory actions can be spread to other customers without time and space limitations, which can have a great negative impact on the company’s image. In this respect, it is a very important task for service companies to examine the impact of service failure and recovery …

The Effect Of National Brand Failure On Micro-National Image And Attitudes Toward Other Brands: The Moderating Role Of Ethnocentrism, Lingge Jia, Seong Do Cho

Asia Marketing Journal

This study examines the effect of failures by prominent Korean brands on Korea’s micro-level national image and other Korean brands among Chinese consumers, focusing on technological capability and design dimensions, and the moderating role of consumer ethnocentrism. Data was collected through surveys that presented scenarios of varying degrees of brand failures and analyzed using AMOS and Hayes Process Macro. Results reveal that typical brand failures negatively affect perceptions of Korea’s micro-national image, particularly in terms of technology capability and design. Additionally, higher levels of ethnocentrism amplify the negative effect of brand failures on the design dimensions of Korea’s image. However, …

Giving Locally Or Globally? How The Destination Of Corporate Charitable Donations Shapes Consumer Brand Preferences, Ohjin Kwon, Young Jee Han, Hakkyun Kim

Asia Marketing Journal

We investigate how the geographic destination of charitable corporate donations influences brand preferences. We predict and find that consumers demonstrate a stronger preference for brands that engage in domestic donations as opposed to those that contribute to foreign causes. Additionally, we find that the preference for domestic donations is more pronounced among consumers exhibiting higher levels of nationalism and lower levels of residential mobility. Our research findings offer managerial implications for tailoring CSR strategies to resonate with specific consumer segments. We provide insights for companies aiming to optimize the impact of their philanthropic endeavors.

Saving Face While Earning Rewards: Reward-Both Referral Programs More Effectively Elicit Referrals For Experiential Purchases Than Reward-Me Programs, Hyunkyu Jang, Raj Raghunathan

Asia Marketing Journal

Companies offer rewards when an existing customer invites a new customer to try their product, but the recipient of the reward varies depending on the type of referral program. In Reward-Me programs, only the recommending customer is rewarded, while in Reward-Both programs, both the recommender and the recipient who acts on the recommendation are rewarded. We examined whether purchase type (material vs. experiential) moderates the impact of a reward program on referral likelihood. The results reveal that purchase type does moderate referral likelihood across the two types of reward programs: for material purchases, referral likelihood does not differ between the …

Hedonic And Utilitarian Products For The 21St Century: Classification Of Modern Product Categories, Jin-A Choi, Sufyan M. Baksh, Hyuk Jun Cheong

Asia Marketing Journal

Consumer purchasing behavior varies according to the type of product being considered. Notably, these behavioral differences become more salient depending on whether a product fulfills a utilitarian function or offers hedonic gratification. The present study aims to develop a novel product classification model that categorizes contemporary goods and services based on the extent to which they possess hedonic or utilitarian value. Methodologically, the study employed a two-stage approach. In the first stage, to identify appropriate products for inclusion in the classification model, the researchers conducted focus group interviews, a comprehensive literature review, and an analysis of major retailers’ websites. In …

Customer Satisfaction And Shareholder Value In The Hospitality And Tourism Industry: The Moderating Role Of A Ceo’S Marketing Experience, Minchung Kim, Yonghee Kim

Asia Marketing Journal

Despite the long history of research examining the effects of firm-level customer satisfaction on shareholder value, the existing findings are mixed for the hospitality and tourism industry where customer satisfaction is particularly important for the success of firms. The inconsistent results require further examination of the shareholder value relevance of customer satisfaction. This study offers a comprehensive understanding of the topic by examining the effects of customer satisfaction not only on equity return but also equity risk, and identifying a key contingency. Using annual American Customer Satisfaction Index (ACSI) for publicly traded “restaurant”, “hotel”, and “airline” firms, this study finds …

Search Engine Marketing (Seo) – Discussion Board Assignment, Feygens Saint-Joy Jr

Open Educational Resources

Discussion board on SEO best practices and discovery.

Entrepreneurship At The Base Personal Business Plan Assignment, Ouafaa Hmaddi

Open Educational Resources

No abstract provided.

Contracting For Consumer Trade Compliance, Christine Abely

Dickinson Law Review (2017-Present)

Export compliance is becoming increasingly important for parties required to abide by U.S. law, including many online sellers of consumer products. These retailers’ contractual terms with their customers set forth a number of provisions governing the relationship between them, including those which deal with arbitration, indemnification, disclaimer of warranties, and other issues. Many such agreements also purport to create obligations on the part of the consumer as to export control and sanctions compliance relative to the products they purchase. These contract provisions attempt to do so, however, in often markedly different ways, and with language that may leave notable gaps …

Click Or Skip? How Ad Format And Disclosure Shape Engagement And Purchase Intention, Emily M. Burke

Student Publications

As digital marketing continues to be the dominant channel for consumer engagement, understanding the factors that influence ad effectiveness is increasingly important. This study examined how advertisement format (image vs. video) and sponsorship disclosure (non-sponsored vs. sponsored) influence engagement and purchase intention among college students. Using a 2 x 2 experimental design within an online survey, 88 participants viewed one of four real social media ads and completed measures of engagement and purchase intention. Multiple regression results showed that video ads produced higher engagement and purchase intention than static image ads, whereas sponsored ads led to lower engagement and purchase …

Decoding Influence: Cosmetic Industry Strategies, Media Beauty Standards, And Their Mental Health Impact On Generation Z Consumers, Tatiana Avila Velasquez

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

This research explores the complex relationship between cosmetic industry marketing strategies, media-driven beauty standards, and the mental health of Generation Z consumers. Utilizing both qualitative and quantitative methods, the study examines how frequent exposure to curated beauty ideals and persuasive advertising shapes self-esteem, confidence, and personal identity among young adults. Through surveys and in-depth interviews, the research highlights the evolving nature of cosmetic use, revealing how early engagement with beauty products often stems from social conditioning and personal insecurities. Participants describe a shift from using cosmetics as a means of concealment to embracing them for creative expression and self-care. However, …

The Perceptions And Receptiveness To Responsible Gambling By College Men Who Sports Bet: A Focus Group Study, Chance V. Dow, Matthew D. Andersland, Emily A. Velandia, Rory A. Pfund, James P. Whelan

UNLV Gaming Research & Review Journal

Responsible Gambling (RG) includes prevention messages aimed at mitigating harms. Research examining the experiences of college students who sports bet is lacking, hindering efforts to tailor messaging to college students. This qualitative study explored how college men who sports bet perceive and respond to existing RG messages, gathering their feedback on the characteristics of messages they find effective. Online focus groups were conducted with college men who sports bet (N = 12) using a semi-structured interview guide. The discussions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using an open coding Thematic Analysis approach. Codes were independently identified and analyzed resulting in …

Establishing A Marketing Agency – Assignment/ Collaborative Project, Feygens Saint-Joy Jr

Open Educational Resources

This project guides student teams through the process of establishing a fully developed advertising or promotions agency, mirroring real-world industry structures and practices. Teams will collaboratively define their agency’s identity by selecting a strategic focus, crafting a mission statement, choosing a name, and outlining roles, hierarchy, and services. The assignment emphasizes experiential learning through the creation of an organizational chart, the development of compensation models, and decisions regarding external facilitators such as freelancers or consultants. Students engage with multimodal resources, including videos, visuals, and templates, to support comprehension, creativity, and accessibility. Final submissions may take the form of a written …

Romania: ‘A Country Is Worth More Than Its Gold’: Activists Defeat Canadian Mining Goliath. In, Roxana Maiorescu

Emerson Authors, Researchers, & Creators

For 25 years, Romanians fought to preserve Rosia Montana, a region whose gold and silver amount to 20 billion euros. Their victory was delivered in 2024, as the International Center for Settlement of Investment Disputes in Washington, DC ruled against the Canadian company that aimed to explore the mine. This analysis sheds light on political instability, perceived government corruption, and foreign intrusion, all of which led to intense and monthslong protests that Romania hadn’t seen since its 1989 revolution, when it liberated itself from communism. This case represents a David vs. Goliath-like story, in which a handful of poor families, …

The Impact Of Politics And Identity On Instagram: Exploring The Impacts On Social Connections, Kaslyn Tidmore

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study investigates how political and identity signals on Instagram-specifically pronoun usage, LGBTQ+ representation, support for political figures, and religious expression-influence perceptions of political leaning, perceived similarity (homophily), and willingness to connect or engage with both individuals and brands. Using a between-subjects experimental design, 222 participants were exposed to mock Instagram profiles systematically varying these indicators. Results from a chi-square test of independence revealed that political indicators in profiles significantly shaped participants’ perceptions of users’ political leanings. Among the indicators, support for a political figure repeatedly reported as the strongest predictor of perceived political leaning, social similarity, and willingness to …

Decoding Customer Digital Engagement And Challenges: A Bibliometric Study, Uday Arun Bhale, Harpreet Singh Bedi, Samrat Ray, Padmavathi Pv

Management Dynamics

The rapid proliferation of digital technologies has fundamentally reshaped how businesses engage with customers, positioning customer digital engagement (CDE) as a strategic imperative across industries. Despite a surge in scholarly interest, the literature on CDE remains fragmented, with diverse definitions, measurement approaches, and conceptual frameworks. This study addresses these gaps through a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of research on CDE published between 2010 and April 2024, using data extracted from the Scopus database. The analysis is guided by four key research questions: (1) What are the key trends and growth patterns in CDE research? (2) Who are the most influential authors, …

The Crossfit Affiliate Business Model: The Risks Of The “Unknown And Unknowable”, Anasheh G. Oliven

The Scholarship Without Borders Journal

In the wake of the tragic death of six-time Elite athlete Lazar Ðukič at the 2024 CrossFit Games, this study explores how CrossFit, LLC can enhance its public image and cultivate more substantial relationships with its affiliates and customer network. This purposeful case study examines the events surrounding Ðukič’s death in conjunction with founder Greg Glassman’s “Floyd-19” controversy, to posit that authenticity, transparency, and trust are three missing factors in the business model. With intentional and explicit collaboration with the Professional Fitness Athletes’ Association, this study argues that the organization’s Affiliate Business Model can be enhanced and affiliate and customer …