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Social and Behavioral Sciences

Selected Works

2014

Articles 211 - 235 of 235

Full-Text Articles in Business

Collaboration Between Management And Anthropology Researchers: Obstacles And Opportunities, Alex Stewart, Howard Aldrich Dec 2013

Collaboration Between Management And Anthropology Researchers: Obstacles And Opportunities, Alex Stewart, Howard Aldrich

Alex Stewart

Management scholarship is built on a foundation imported from older disciplines, particularly economics, psychology and sociology. Anthropology also once played an important role in the history of management thought, and currently includes many “practicing” anthropologists who work in the private sector. Yet it now has a demonstrably marginal influence. Why is this so? What is the potential for greater collaboration with anthropology? Pursuing these questions, we draw upon recent writings in applied, business, and practicing anthropology. On this basis, we identify eight properties of anthropology that affect the potential for collaboration. For each property, we consider the extent to which …

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Tsu Faculty Publication Database, David Owerbach Dec 2013

Tsu Faculty Publication Database, David Owerbach

David Owerbach

THE TSU faculty publication database is for the years 2012-2014. The database was constructed by the Office of Research and was last updated on November 20, 2014.

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Does Consistency Pay? The Effects Of Information Sequence And Content On Women’S Negotiation Outcomes, Carol T. Kulik, Mara Olekalns, Emma T. Swain Dec 2013

Does Consistency Pay? The Effects Of Information Sequence And Content On Women’S Negotiation Outcomes, Carol T. Kulik, Mara Olekalns, Emma T. Swain

Mara Olekalns

Women are usually perceived as warm or competent, but rarely both. This research investigates how the sequence and content of warmth-relevant relational information and competence-relevant performance information affects female negotiators’ social (perceptions of their warmth and competence) and economic outcomes. Female employers (but not male employers) rated a negotiating female employee as high warmth when they received relational information first and were able to discount the employee’s competence with a team-based relational attribution (E1) or when they received performance information first and were convinced the employee’s warm behavior was genuine (E2). The sequence and content of warmth-relevant and competence-relevant information …

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Boundaries Of A Complex World, Isbn 978-3-662-49078-5 (2016), Andrei Ludu Dec 2013

Boundaries Of A Complex World, Isbn 978-3-662-49078-5 (2016), Andrei Ludu

Andrei Ludu

The book is available for purchase now, online or hard copy from
Springer-Verlag shop: http://www.springer.com/us/book/9783662490761
Amazon
Google books

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Sweet Little Lies: Social Context And The Use Of Deception In Negotiation, Mara Olekalns, Carol T. Kulik, Lin Chew Dec 2013

Sweet Little Lies: Social Context And The Use Of Deception In Negotiation, Mara Olekalns, Carol T. Kulik, Lin Chew

Mara Olekalns

Social context shapes negotiators’ actions, including their willingness to act unethically. In this research, we test how three dimensions of social context – dyadic gender composition, negotiation strategy, and trust – interact to influence one micro-ethical decision, the use of deception, in a simulated negotiation. To create an opportunity for deception, we incorporated an indifference issue – an issue that had no value for one of the two parties – into the negotiation. Deception about this issue was least likely to be affected by trust or negotiation strategy in all-male dyads, suggesting that dyads with at least one female negotiator …

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Institutionalizing Ethics In Institutional Voids: Building Positive Ethical Strength To Serve Women Microfinance Borrowers In Negative Contexts, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass Dec 2013

Institutionalizing Ethics In Institutional Voids: Building Positive Ethical Strength To Serve Women Microfinance Borrowers In Negative Contexts, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass

Subrata Chakrabarty

This study examines whether microfinance institutions (MFIs) that serve women borrowers at the base of the economic pyramid are likely to adopt a written code of positive organizational ethics (POE). Using econometric analysis of operational and economic data of a sample of MFIs from across the world, we find that two contextual factors —poverty level and lack of women's empowerment— moderate the influence of an MFI's percentage of women borrowers on the probability of the MFI having a POE code. MFIs that serve more women borrowers are more likely to adopt a POE code, especially in negative contexts (where women …

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Corporate Governance In Microfinance Institutions: Board Composition And The Ability To Face Institutional Voids, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass Dec 2013

Corporate Governance In Microfinance Institutions: Board Composition And The Ability To Face Institutional Voids, Subrata Chakrabarty, A E. Bass

Subrata Chakrabarty

Research Question/Issue: We utilize institutional theory to examine corporate governance in microfinance institutions (MFIs). Many MFIs operate at the bottom of the economic pyramid (BOP), which is usually agrarian, impoverished, and plagued with institutional voids. We investigate the link between the composition of the boards of MFIs and the ability of the MFIs to face institutional voids to ensure organizational viability. 
Research Findings/Insights: We find that MFIs with boards that have more socio-economic expertise and female representation are better able to lower the MFI’s costs of operating at the BOP. However, this relationship weakens when the effectiveness of agrarian institutions …

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Resource Security: Competition For Global Resources, Strategic Intent, And Governments As Owners, A E. Bass, Subrata Chakrabarty Dec 2013

Resource Security: Competition For Global Resources, Strategic Intent, And Governments As Owners, A E. Bass, Subrata Chakrabarty

Subrata Chakrabarty

We develop a resource security theory by examining the intent of acquisitions of scarce resources by multinational firms. Results suggest that owners of firms can shape the intent of resource acquisitions. Specifically, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) tend to acquire and pay more for resources for exploration rather than exploitation. This is because SOEs’ owners —governments— are most concerned with securing their country’s future. We contribute to the literature by suggesting that ownership influences resource acquisitions, that resource security is of importance to multinational enterprises, and that SOEs invest abroad to safeguard both their own and their home countries’ future.

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From Amazon To Apple: Modeling Online Retail Sales, Purchase Incidence And Visit Behavior, Anastasios Panagiotelis, Michael S. Smith, Peter Danaher Dec 2013

From Amazon To Apple: Modeling Online Retail Sales, Purchase Incidence And Visit Behavior, Anastasios Panagiotelis, Michael S. Smith, Peter Danaher

Michael Stanley Smith

In this study we propose a multivariate stochastic model for website visit duration, page views, purchase incidence and the sale amount for online retailers. The model is constructed by composition from carefully selected distributions, and involves copula components. It allows for the strong nonlinear relationships between the sales and visit variables to be explored in detail, and can be used to construct sales predictions. The model is readily estimated using maximum likelihood, making it an attractive choice in practice given the large sample sizes that are commonplace in online retail studies. We examine a number of top-ranked U.S. online retailers, …

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Global Financial Crises, Kimberly D. Scott Dec 2013

Global Financial Crises, Kimberly D. Scott

Kimberly D Scott

The purpose of this research is to identify various global financial crises throughout the years. Global financial crises are not new to developed nations; however, they have grown more common and the financial burden has become loftier and explosive as time evolve.

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Don't Waste A Good Disaster: A Systems Approach To An Ethics Of International Institutional Failures, L. Stapleton, Peter Kopacek, Anita Kealy, Edmond Hajrizi Dec 2013

Don't Waste A Good Disaster: A Systems Approach To An Ethics Of International Institutional Failures, L. Stapleton, Peter Kopacek, Anita Kealy, Edmond Hajrizi

Edmond Hajrizi

This keynote paper provides a control systems perspective of failed internationalised institutional arrangements. In the past years we have experienced dramatic international systems failure across important institutions. Banks, religious institutions and governmental systems have all experienced catastrophic crises which have proven difficult to assess and address. This paper examines these failures as complex systems failures and highlights the role of socio-cultural systems in their failure. Firstly, the institutional arrangements are formally defined as complex systems. Secondly, the paper proposes the systemic failure as a failure of institutional culture which can be accounted for by certain systemic aspects of the cultural …

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Technology Licensing In A Differentiated Oligopoly, Aniruddha Bagchi, Arijit Mukherjee Dec 2013

Technology Licensing In A Differentiated Oligopoly, Aniruddha Bagchi, Arijit Mukherjee

Aniruddha Bagchi

We show the effects of product differentiation and product market competition on technology licensing by an outside innovator. For a certain range of product differentiation, both the innovator and the society prefer royalty licensing compared to auction (or fixed-fee), irrespective of Cournot and Bertrand competition, if the number of potential licensees is sufficiently large. Hence, for such a range of product differentiation, neither the innovator nor the antitrust authority requires information about the type of product market competition in preferring the type of the licensing contract.

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Moving Beyond Boycotts: Strategies For Shared Responsibility In The Collegiate Apparel Industry, Scott Kelley Dec 2013

Moving Beyond Boycotts: Strategies For Shared Responsibility In The Collegiate Apparel Industry, Scott Kelley

Scott Kelley

The factory collapse at Rana Plaza in Bangladesh is a painful reminder that labor issues in the apparel industry are abundant and troubling. Catholic Colleges and Universities (CCUs) are confronted with the reality that many apparel manufacturers can operate in stark contrast to the vision of economic justice found in Catholic social thought (CST). In response, activists on CCU campuses have demanded that CCUs boycott apparel manufacturers that they believe to be in violation of their school’s values. While activism can draw much needed attention to problems in the industry, it can be a problematic response. While CST offers principles …

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同构压力，认知群体，政府-Ngo 合作在中国, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu Dec 2013

同构压力，认知群体，政府-Ngo 合作在中国, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu

Reza Hasmath

该论文指出，中国政府与非政府组织（NGO）之间合作的缺乏并不能完全归咎于政府对该领域发展的限制，或是出于对一个潜在的政府反对者的害怕。与北京和上海的NGO 访谈显示， 政府与NGO 之间缺乏有意义的合作的部分原因是同构压力，以及政府对于NGO 活动认知的缺乏。事实上，证据显示，一旦政府获得了对NGO 工作的认知，它将会更加愿意与NGO 建立联系。当然必须说明的是，政府想要利用的是NGO 的物质资源，而非他们的象征性，阐释性，或是地理上的资本。

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Isomorphic Pressures, Epistemic Communities And State-Ngo Collaboration In China, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu Dec 2013

Isomorphic Pressures, Epistemic Communities And State-Ngo Collaboration In China, Reza Hasmath, Jennifer Yj Hsu

Reza Hasmath

This article suggests that a lack of meaningful collaboration between the state and NGOs in China is not solely a result of the state seeking to restrict the development of the sector, or fear of a potential opposing actor to the state. Instead, interviews with NGOs in Beijing and Shanghai suggests that a lack of meaningful engagement between the state and NGOs can be partially attributed to isomorphic pressures within state-NGO relations, and insufficient epistemic awareness of NGO activities on the part of the state. In fact, the evidence suggests that once epistemic awareness is achieved by the state, they …

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The Local Corporatist State And Ngo Relations In China, Jennifer Yj Hsu, Reza Hasmath Dec 2013

The Local Corporatist State And Ngo Relations In China, Jennifer Yj Hsu, Reza Hasmath

Reza Hasmath

This article examines the Chinese state’s interactions and influences on the development of non-governmental organizations (NGOs) through a corporatist framework. It suggests that not only is the central state actively involved in the development of NGOs, but increasingly the successes of NGOs are determined by their interactions with the local state. We profile NGOs in Shanghai, of varying sizes, budgets, and issue-areas, as a case study to understand the interplay between NGOs and the local state. The article further discusses reasons behind the growing shift from central to local state influences, and the potential future implications for state-NGO relations in …

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中国统和主义地方政府与非政府组织关系, Jennifer Yj Hsu, Reza Hasmath Dec 2013

中国统和主义地方政府与非政府组织关系, Jennifer Yj Hsu, Reza Hasmath

Reza Hasmath

该论文利用统和主义的理论框架来研究中国政府对非政府组织（NGOs）发展的影响及两者的互动。文章指出，中国中央政府积极参与非政府组织的发展之余，地方政府与NGO之间的互动越来越成为决定非政府组织成功与否的关键因素。我们以上海的众多规模、预算、活动范围各不相同的非政府组织为案例，试图理解NGO与地方政府的相互联系。该论文进一步讨论了政府影响力不断从中央向地方转移这一趋势的原因及后果。

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When Does A Platform Create Value By Limiting Choice?, Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Hanna Halaburda Dec 2013

When Does A Platform Create Value By Limiting Choice?, Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Hanna Halaburda

Hanna Halaburda

We present a theory for why it might be rational for a platform to limit the number of applications available on it. Our model is based on the observation that even if users prefer application variety, applications often also exhibit direct network effects. When there are direct network effects, users prefer to consume the same applications to benefit from consumption complementarities. We show that the combination of preference for variety and consumption complementarities gives rise to (i) a commons problem (to better satisfy their individual preference for variety, users have an incentive to consume more applications than the number that …

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Anticipated Regret In Time-Based Work-Family Conflict, J. Bagger, Jochen Matthias Reb, A. Li Dec 2013

Anticipated Regret In Time-Based Work-Family Conflict, J. Bagger, Jochen Matthias Reb, A. Li

Jochen Reb

The primary purpose of this research was to investigate the role of anticipated regret in time-based work-family conflict decisions. A total of 90 working parents responded to a decision making problem describing a time-based conflict between a work event and a family event. Participants' preference for which event to attend constituted the dependent variable. Independent variables were participants' work and family centralities. Anticipated regret for choosing the work option and anticipated regret for choosing the family option were measured as hypothesized mediators. Structural equation modeling revealed that anticipated regret for choosing the family option mediated the relationship between work centrality …

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Ethical Perception Of University Students: Study Of Academic Dishonesty In Pakistan, Rana Rashid Rehman Dec 2013

Ethical Perception Of University Students: Study Of Academic Dishonesty In Pakistan, Rana Rashid Rehman

Rana Rashid Rehman

The current research work aims to explore major activities performed by the university students during academic misconducts and their perception regarding such activities. The study further explores the ethical limits drawn by the students about academic dishonesty. Case study methodology is utilized in this research. Sixty-one post graduate and doctoral students were interviewed. Pattern analysis is conducted to analyze the information received through structured interviews of the participants. Study founds the key activities through which students are involved in such misconducts and make a comprehensive agreement on academic dishonesty that has become the normal part of life in education system …

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Corporate Social Responsibility In A Remedy-Seeking Society: A Public Choice Perspective, Donald J. Kochan Dec 2013

Corporate Social Responsibility In A Remedy-Seeking Society: A Public Choice Perspective, Donald J. Kochan

Donald J. Kochan

Written for the Chapman Law Review Symposium on “What Can Law & Economics Teach Us About the Corporate Social Responsibility Debate?,” this Article applies the lessons of public choice theory to examine corporate social responsibility. The Article adopts a broad definition of corporate social responsibility activism to include both (1) those efforts that seek to convince corporations to voluntarily take into account corporate social responsibility in their own decision-making, and (2) the efforts to alter the legal landscape and expand legal obligations of corporations beyond traditional notions of harm and duty so as to force corporations to invest in interests …

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Lessons From The Nba Lockout: Union Democracy, Public Support, And The Folly Of The National Basketball Players Association, Matthew J. Parlow Dec 2013

Lessons From The Nba Lockout: Union Democracy, Public Support, And The Folly Of The National Basketball Players Association, Matthew J. Parlow

Matthew Parlow

By most accounts, the National Basketball Players Association (NBPA) — the union representing the players in the NBA — conceded a significant amount of money and other contractual terms in the new ten-year collective bargaining agreement (2011 Agreement) that ended the 2011 NBA lockout. Player concessions were predictable because the NBA’s economic structure desperately needed an overhaul. The magnitude of such concessions, however, was startling. The substantial changes in the division of basketball-related income, contract lengths and amounts, salary cap provisions, and revenue sharing rendered the NBA lockout — and the resulting 2011 Agreement — a near-complete victory for the …

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Determinants Of Employee Commitment For Organizational Performance, Peter Adoko Obicci Esq. Dec 2013

Determinants Of Employee Commitment For Organizational Performance, Peter Adoko Obicci Esq.

Peter Adoko Obicci

Employee commitment is the terminology used to describe whether employees have a strong belief and accepts organizational goals and values. The thesis of this study is founded on the conviction that an organization cannot be expected to perform effectively and efficiently when its employees are not committed. There are many measurable support that employee commitment is a critical factor that determines the performance of an organization. Using the Ministry of Public Service in Uganda, as a case, this study sought to establish the affective, continuance and normative commitments of the employees for organizational performance. Quantitative data was collected from 96 …

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Tax Evasion, Human Capital, And Productivity-Induced Tax Rate Reduction, Max Gillman, Michal Kejak Dec 2013

Tax Evasion, Human Capital, And Productivity-Induced Tax Rate Reduction, Max Gillman, Michal Kejak

Max Gillman

Growth in the human capital sector’s productivity explains in part how US postwar growth and welfare could have increased while US tax rates declined. Modeling tax evasion within an endogenous growth model with human capital, an upward trend in goods and human capital sectors gradually decreases tax evasion and allows for tax rate reduction. Using estimated goods and human capital sectoral productivities, the model explains 30 percent of the actual decline in a weighted average of postwar US top marginal personal and corporate tax rates. The productivity increases are asymmetric in a fashion related to that of McGrattan and Prescott.

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The Companies We Keep: From Legitimacy To Reputation In Retail Investment, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington Dec 2013

The Companies We Keep: From Legitimacy To Reputation In Retail Investment, Elisabeth Brooke Harrington

Brooke Harrington

Few studies have examined public response to unethical or illegal behavior by firms, despite some research on institutional investors, organized protest groups or shareholder activists. Although a robust research literature shows that corporations invest heavily in impression management the relevant audiences for these messages have generally been construed by scholars as other organizations, obscuring the micro-foundations of market activity. This paper will address the knowledge gap by drawing on evidence from a long term field study of retail investors. Based on their responses to firms’ misconduct before and after the corporate fraud scandals of the twentieth century, this paper will …

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