Business Commons^™

External Actors In Forming National Ict Policy In Malawi: A Cause For Concern In Low-Income Countries?, Gregory Kunyenje 4928781, Wallace Chigona

The African Journal of Information Systems

The paper examines external actors in the formulation of national Information and Communication Technology (ICT) policies. It questions how external actors overtly or covertly influence formulation of national ICT policies following that, of the nearly 84% of the countries in Africa that have formulated national ICT policies, most of which have been influenced by external actors. The paper uses Bourdieu’s Theory of Practice to analyze the effects of external actors’ influences in developing countries by using Malawi as a case study. Document analysis is used to analyse external actors’ influences in policy documents, the minutes of policy actors’ meetings, and …

E-Governance As An Alternative Antecedent To A Lean Public Sector : Theory And Evidence, Kennedy Okong'o, Michael Kyobe

The African Journal of Information Systems

The ever growing size of the public sector has been a contention in theory and practice. In parallel, the public sector use of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs), otherwise known as Electronic Government has had a transformative potential. Inspired by these competing interests, this paper set out to study the relationship between investments in e-Government and the size of public sector. Informed by Banks-Weingast model of bureaucratic discretion drawn upon political science, the research estimated the linkage. Using a balanced panel data of Kenya’s key ministries for a 10 year period (2004-2014), e-Government expenditure, consumer price indices (CPI) and gross domestic …

How Do You Perpetuate It-Enabled Change When Top Management Participation And Involvement Diminish?, Cecil Eng Huang Chua, Adrian Yong Kwang Yeow, Christina Wai Lin Soh

Business and Information Technology Faculty Research & Creative Works

Background: Research has demonstrated that sustained top management participation and involvement are important for IT-enabled change. However, this is not always possible. How IT-enabled change can succeed when top management participation and involvement diminish is an unsolved, but important research question. Method: We perform a 5-year exploratory longitudinal case study. Results: Our data is presented in two parts. We first present the contextual elements (goals, people, structures/processes, and artifacts) during the two years top management was actively participating and involved. For the three-year period where top management participation and involvement diminished, we present the contextual elements, and middle management's enactment …

The Real-Time Revolution: Transforming Your Organization To Value Customer Time, Jerry Power, Thomas W. Ferratt

Books and Book Chapters by University of Dayton Faculty

Publisher's description: Business survival requires valuing what customers value—and in our overworked and distraction-rich era, customers value their time above all else. Real-time companies beat their rivals by being faster and more responsive in meeting customer needs.

To become a real-time company, as top scholars Jerry Power and Tom Ferratt explain, you need a real-time monitoring and response system. They offer detailed advice on how to put procedures in place that will collect data on how well products or services are saving customer time; identify strengths, weaknesses, threats, and opportunities; and specify innovations needed to save even more customer time. …

Global Aviation System: Towards Sustainable Development, Marina P. Bonser Dr.

International Journal of Aviation, Aeronautics, and Aerospace

Aviation around the world has integrated into a global system. As the integration process continues, more aspects and levels of it need to be lead towards the sustainable development of the whole system via advancing strategic management, global communication proficiency, and technological expertise. It becomes essential to enrich global language (English) proficiency with cross-cultural communication competence not only for communication in the air but also for airport security, passenger and cargo services, aircraft and equipage engineering, building, and maintenance. Nowadays lower levels of management need more advanced strategic thinking and problem solving skills, and higher levels of management need global …

Application Of Expanded Technology Acceptance Model For Enhancing The Hris Usage In Smes, Serkan Bayraktaroglu, Vasfi Kahya, Erhan Atay, Habibe Ilhan

International Journal of Applied Management and Technology

Rapid developments and change have culminated new applications of information technologies. This trend is reflected in the plethora of innovative studies. Literature indicates that small- to medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) perceive human resources information systems (HRIS) as complicated and time consuming, resulting in resistance from both users and employees. The purpose of this article is to identify necessary acceptance conditions for a successful implementation of the HRIS software within SMEs in Turkey. SMEs compose 99% of all companies in Turkey. Fierce rivalry within sectors gives rise to increased technology use to gain a competitive advantage. This study contributes to an efficient …

Critical Review Of Organization-Technology Sensemaking: Towards Technology Materiality, Discovery And Action, Mostafa Mesgari, Chitu Okoli

Information Systems and Business Analytics Faculty Works

More than two decades of sensemaking research has brought thorough knowledge of how people understand organisational phenomena and attach meaning to them. This stream of research explores varied social and cognitive aspects of the process in the context of organisations and information technology (IT). However, such a large body of literature exhibits some significant shortcomings: there is a lack of IT materiality; a neglect of the discovery aspect of perception; and a lack of action orientation. So, there is limited understanding of the role that the material artefact plays in shaping users’ sensemaking of new IT, as well as how …

A Novel Framework For Social Internet Of Things: Leveraging The Friendships And The Services Exchanged Between Smart Devices, Javad Abed

Theses and Dissertations

As humans, we tackle many problems in complex societies and manage the complexities of networked social systems. Cognition and sociability are two vital human capabilities that improve social life and complex social interactions. Adding these features to smart devices makes them capable of managing complex and networked Internet of Things (IoT) settings.

Cognitive and social devices can improve their relationships and connections with other devices and people to better serve human needs. Nowadays, researchers are investigating two future generations of IoT: social IoT (SIoT) and cognitive IoT (CIoT). This study develops a new framework for IoT, called CSIoT, by using …

Finpathlight: Framework For An Ontology-Based, Multiagent, Hybrid Recommender System Designed To Increase Consumer Financial Capability, Lawrence Bunnell

Theses and Dissertations

This study is a design science research (DSR) project in which a description of the development and evaluation process for several novel technological artifacts will be communicated. Specifically, this study will establish: 1) an ontology of recommender systems issues, 2) an ontology of financial capability goals, and 3) a framework for a Personal Financial Recommender System (PFRS) application designed to improve user financial capability, called FinPathlight. The impetus for the RecSys Issues Ontology is to address a gap in the literature by providing researchers with a comprehensive knowledge classification of the issues and limitations inherent to recommender systems research. …

Exploring A New Determinant Of Task Technology Fit: Content Characteristics, Chongwoo Park

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Although task technology fit has received academic attention as a measure of information systems success, compared to other popular information systems success models it has received less empirical testing in the information systems field. One reason might be a relatively low explanatory power for the main construct, i.e., task technology fit, in the model. In this study, we suggest content characteristics as a new determinant of fit, and empirically test it along with the two existing determinants, task and technology characteristics with 105 users of a web-based learning management system. In order to verify the contribution of content characteristics to …

A Systematic Review Of Process Modelling Methods And Its Application For Personalised Adaptive Learning Systems, Kingsley Okoye

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

This systematic review work investigates current literature and methods that are related to the application of process mining and modelling in real-time particularly as it concerns personalisation of learning systems, or yet still, e-content development. The work compares available studies based on the domain area of study, the scope of the study, methods used, and the scientific contribution of the papers and results. Consequently, the findings of the identified papers were systematically evaluated in order to point out potential confounding variables or flaws that might have been overlooked or missing in the current literature. In turn, a critical structured analysis …

Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 27 Issue 4, 2018-2019

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

ToC JITIM - Special Issue on ICT4D

Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 28 Issue 1, 2019

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Table of contents

Agent-Based Modeling And Simulation Approaches In Stem Education Research, Shanna R. Simpson-Singleton, Xiangdong Che

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The development of best practices that deliver quality STEM education to all students, while minimizing achievement gaps, have been solicited by several national agencies. ABMS is a feasible approach to provide insight into global behavior based upon the interactions amongst agents and environments. In this review, we systematically surveyed several modeling and simulation approaches and discussed their applications to the evaluation of relevant theories in STEM education. It was found that ABMS is optimal to simulate STEM education hypotheses, as ABMS will sensibly present emergent theories and causation in STEM education phenomena if the model is properly validated and calibrated.

A Multilayer Secured Messaging Protocol For Rest-Based Services, Idongesit Efaemiode Eteng

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The lack of descriptive language and security guidelines poses a big challenge to implementing security in Representational State Transfer (REST) architecture. There is over reliance on Secure Socket Layer/Transport Layer Security (SSL/TLS), which in recent times has proven to be fallible. Some recent attacks against SSL/TLS include: POODLE, BREACH, CRIME, BEAST, FREAK etc. A secure messaging protocol is implemented in this work. The protocol is further compiled into a reusable library which can be called by other REST services. Using Feature Driven Development (FDD) software methodology, a two layer security protocol was developed. The first layer is a well hardened …

Use My Digital Forensics Tool...It’S Shiny!, Kara Nance, Vincent Nestler, Matt Bishop

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

The tendency to use technologies without fully understanding the potential ramifications extends to all reaches of our lives. Digital forensics is not immune from this phenomenon. This paper discusses some past scenarios in which conclusions were drawn before all of the testing was complete. Digital forensics tools are then discussed including tool capabilities, tool analysis, and associated challenges. It identifies some potential issues and ramifications that may not be given appropriate consideration by digital forensic examiners or those who rely on these tools when weighing evidence. It concludes with some suggestions for future research directions that could answer some important …

Mobile Iot Adoption As Antecedent To Care-Service Efficiency And Improvement: Empirical Study In Healthcare-Context, Samyadip Chakraborty, Vaidik Bhatt

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Internet of things (IoT) is the buzzword and pioneering breakthrough approach highlighted in today’s industry 4.0, where the devices are seamlessly integrated with each other, sharing vital information in real-time sync. With the wearable IoT devices, the diagnostic readings and physical measurements of the patients can be shared with the physician on the go and suitable diagnosis can as well be shared with patient in the real-time on their own mobile devices through IoT applications. This study empirically examines the importance of m-IoT adoption on the information pervasiveness across the network and patient stakeholders and in turn investigating how efficiency …

Table Of Contents Jitim Vol 28 Issue 4, 2019

Journal of International Technology and Information Management

Table of Contents

Student Retention In Information Systems Majors: The Role Of Creative Self-Efficacy, Peter Garrow, Greg Anderson, Mark J. Keith, Alexandra N. Spruill

Faculty Publications

At times the Information Systems (IS) major has suffered from declining enrollment. Also, STEM fields such as IS are known to suffer from a lack of gender diversity. This research focuses on why students drop out from IS programs and how to provide actionable feedback to improve student retention, particularly among female students. We use creative self-efficacy (CreaSE) as a theoretical lens to explain student retainment. In particular, as students have more confidence in their ability to solve business problems with IS solutions, they are more likely remain in IS courses. Students who sought help from their instructor and StackOverflow.com …

Theory Of Experiential Career Exploration Technology (Tecet): Increasing Cybersecurity Career Interest Through Playable Case Studies, Justin Scott Giboney, Derek L. Hansen, Tanner Johnson, Desiree Winters, Jason K. Mcdonald, Jonathan Balzotti, Elizabeth Bonsignore

Faculty Publications

There is a large demand to fill cybersecurity jobs. To alleviate this need, it is important to generate interest in cybersecurity as a career. One way to do this is through job shadowing and internships. Using design science principles, we have built and tested a playable case study (PCS) where participants can act out a virtual internship and learn relevant cybersecurity skills. We ran a study with students in introductory university courses where they played through a simulated internship at a penetration testing company called CyberMatics. In the study we showed that a PCS format helps students 1) better understand …

Testing The Test: Expanding The Dialogue On Technical Writing Assessment In The Academy And Workplace, Lindsay Tanner, Jonathan Balzotti

Faculty Publications

The small amount of work on workplace writing assessment has focused almost entirely on student readiness for professional writing or included case studies of employer expectations for new writers. While these studies provide insight into current pedagogies for technical writing and writing instruction in general, the main conclusion to be drawn from them is the unsatisfactory number of recent graduates who display workplace readiness. In this article, we explore writing assessment research in both the academy and the workplace and attempt to identify ways in which the academy’s assessment practices lead, lag behind, or simply differ from writing assessment in …

Using Fmri To Measure Stimulus Generalization Of Software Notification To Security Warnings, Brock Kirwan, Bonnie Anderson, David Eargle, Jeffrey Jenkins, Anthony Vance

Faculty Publications

This paper examines how habituation to frequent software notifications may carry over to infrequent security warnings. This general process— known as stimulus generalization or simply generalization—is a well-established phenomenon in neurobiology that has clear implications for information security. Because software user interface guidelines call for visual consistency, software notifications and security warnings have a similar look and feel. Consequently, through frequent exposure to notifications, people may become habituated to security warnings they have never seen before. The objective of this paper to propose an fMRI experimental design to measure the extent to which this occurs. We also propose testing security …

The Relationship Between Academic Stress And Adolescents’ Problematic Smartphone Usage, Ting-Ting Xu, Hai-Zhen Wang, Winny Fonseca, Marc A. Zimmerman, Detlef H. Rost, James Gaskin, Jin-Liang Wang

Faculty Publications

Background: Problematic smartphone usage among adolescents and young adults is a growing concern.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether depressive symptoms mediate the relationship between academic stress and problematic smartphone usage, and, more importantly, whether problem-focused coping moderates the association between academic stress and depressive symptoms.

Method: The sample comprised of 316 middle school students (46.8% males, M¼13.74 years old, SD¼0.87) in Southwest China. The results showed that depressive symptoms mediated the association between academic stress and problematic smartphone usage.

Results: This indirect relationship was conditioned by the degree of problem-focused coping. Specifically, those with lower …

“Thank You, Siri”: Politeness And Intelligent Digital Assistants, Nathan Burton, James Gaskin

Faculty Publications

Interactions with intelligent digital assistants like Apple's Siri, Amazon's Alexa, and Google’s Google Assistant can often be direct and terse, which is leading many to worry that users’ uncivility towards digital assistants is causing users to become ruder in their human interactions. Although digital assistants are nearing ubiquity, not much is known about how interactions with this form of artificial intelligence may negatively impact human social behaviors. Practice-oriented researchers have started initial explorations into the effects of interaction with digital assistants from a social psychology perspective, and academics have pursued similar questions within the paradigm of current human-computer interaction research. …

Optimizing Software Team Performance With Cultural Differences, Greg S. Anderson, Mark J. Keith, Conan C. Albrecht, Alex N. Spruill, Clayton Pettit

Faculty Publications

Software development is primarily a team task that requires a high degree of coordination among team members [1]. Prior research has indicated that the composition of team member traits such as personality and culture can influence the performance of software teams [2]. However, this line of research does not give practical guidance on how to build teams with personnel constraints. Some research has built teams by starting with personality [2]. However, cultural traits—which are also known to influence team performance—have not been examined in the same manner. This research, therefore, builds upon this stream by: 1) examining the effects of …

Characterizing Conceptual Modeling Research, Lois M. L. Delcambre, Stephen W. Liddle, Oscar Pastor, Veda C. Storey

Faculty Publications

The field of conceptual modeling continues to evolve and be applied to important modeling problems in many domains. With a goal of articulating the breadth and depth of the field, our initial work focused on the many implicit and explicit definitions of conceptual modeling, resulting in the Characterizing Conceptual Modeling (CCM) framework. In this paper, we focus on conceptual modeling research, presenting a Characterizing Conceptual Model Research (CCMR) framework and a series of evaluations to assess the coverage and usability of CCMR, the utility and independence of the individual fields in the framework, and likelihood of consistent use.

Designing Authentic Cybersecurity Learning Experiences: Lessons From The Cybermatics Playable Case Study, Jason K. Mcdonald, Derek L. Hansen, Jonathan Balzotti, Tanner Johnson, Desiree Winters, Justin Giboney, Elizabeth Bonsignore

Faculty Publications

This paper reports our work on an educational simulation that we call the Playable Case Study (PCS). A PCS is characterized by a fictitious narrative integrated with real-world learning activities, helping students learn skills, knowledge, and dispositions relevant to a professional career. We describe a recent pilot test of a PCS focused on the discipline of cybersecurity, emphasizing the kinds of tensions and difficulties that can arise during the development of immersive, experiential learning experiences: a) challenges accompanying the work of interdisciplinary PCS teams, particularly maintaining technical accuracy while still developing an authentic and engaging narrative; b) reconciling the opportunities …

Visual Storytelling For Improving The Comprehension And Utility In Disseminating Information Systems Research: Evidence From A Quasi-Experiment, Kristijan Mirkovski, James Gaskin, David Hull, Paul Benjamin Lowry

Faculty Publications

Since the start of human civilisation, storytelling has served as an effective medium for disseminating important knowledge within families, communities and organisations. We make a case for the use of visual storytelling, namely video stories, to supplement traditional scholarly articles in the Information Systems (IS) discipline, thereby exploring its potential to improve actual and perceived comprehension, perceived utility, satisfaction as well as intentions to cite, share and accept research. Drawing on cognitive learning theory, the cognitive theory of multimedia learning and the literature on deep processing, we develop our research model, which is based on the model by Jiang & …

Framework Of Affordances For Virtual Reality And Augmented Reality, Jacob H. Steffen, James E. Gaskin, Thomas O. Meservy, Jeffrey L. Jenkins, Iopa Wolman

Faculty Publications

Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies continue to grow and present possibilities to change the ways we learn, accomplish tasks, and interact with the world. However, widespread adoption has continually languished below purported potential. We suggest that a more complete understanding of the underlying motives driving users to take advantage of VR and AR would aid researchers by consolidating fragmented knowledge across domains and by identifying paths for additional inquiry. Additionally, practitioners could identify areas of unmet motives for using VR and AR. To examine the motives for virtualization, we draw upon Gibson’s seminal work on affordances to …

Cognitive Checkpoint: Emerging Technologies For Biometric-Enabled Watchlist Screening, Svetlana N. Yanushkevich, Kelly W. Sundberg, Nathan W. Twyman, Richard M. Guest, Vlad P. Shmerko

Faculty Publications

This paper revisits the problem of individual risk assessment in the layered security model. It contributes to the concept of balancing security and privacy via cognitive-centric machine called an ‘e-interviewer’. Cognitive checkpoint is a cyber-physical security frontier in masstransit hubs that provides an automated screening using all types of identity (attributed, biometric, and biographical) from both physical and virtual worlds. We investigate how the development of the next generation of watchlist for rapid screening impacts a sensitive balancing mechanism between security and privacy. We identify directions of such an impact, trends in watchlist technologies, and propose ways to mitigate the …