Digital Commons Network^™

Regional Organisations As A Mechanism To Ensure Maritime Safety And Security: The Case Of The Southern Africa Development Community-Sadc, Elcidio Agostinho

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Implications Of Marine Heatwaves For The Blue Economy In Ghana, Louisa Pokua Sarkodie

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Combating Illegal, Unreported And Unregulated (Iuu) Fishing In Ecuador:: The Maritime Authority Approach For The Exercise Of Coastal State Rights, Daniela Andrade Tamayo

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Implementation Of Policies In Addressing Illegal, Unreported, And Unregulated (Iuu) Fishing In The Philippines: A Reappraisal Of Established Mechanisms, Jethro R. Padama

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

An Evaluation Of The Alignment Of Liberian Fisheries Laws With Relevant International Legal Instruments To Combat Iuu Fishing In The Exclusive Economic Zone And Territorial Sea, Kla-Edward, Ii Toomey

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

Dissecting The Relentless Maritime Security Situation In Nigerian Waters : An Investigation, Lamir Ado Mohammed

World Maritime University Dissertations

No abstract provided.

From Bait To Plate—How Forced Labor In China Taints America’S Seafood Supply Chain: Hearing Before The Cong.-Exec. Comm’N On China, 118th Cong., Oct. 24, 2023 (Statement Of Robert K. Stumberg), Robert Stumberg

Testimony Before Congress

Two-hundred and forty—that’s the number of name-brand stores and institutional suppliers that we all depend on. Through them, we all buy seafood from importers who sell what forced laborers process in Chinese factories and vessels. We do it as families, as schools, as businesses. What is not in that number are the ways we buy forced-labor seafood as governments, mostly through five federal agencies and local school food authorities.

The Outlaw Ocean team, led by Ian Urbina, made transparency happen. They aren’t the first to reveal Xinjiang supply chains. But what distinguishes their seafood reporting is that they literally …

Antarctica: Strategic Competition's Next Frozen Frontier, Fabiana Sofia Perera

Research Publications

Antarctica is the only demilitarized region in the world. Countries initially committed to its preservation as a region of peace to prevent conflict from the Cold War from spilling over to the most remote place on Earth. As the world again enters an era of competition among great powers, countries must renew their commitment to Antarctica as a region of peace. The first likely opportunity to reconsider what activities can occur will likely be in 2048, 30 years after the environmental protocol entered into force. Though the date is still 25 years removed, the events that will shape that discussion …

Nature-Based Solutions Workshop Report: Placencia, Belize (Report No. 3), Maya Trotz, Alex Webb, Amanda Brinton, Rebecca Zarger, Lisa Carne, Nadia Bood, Kris-An Hinds, Rory Mckenna, Sandy Fogg, Juliet Neal, Anne Guerry, C. G. Lasserre, David Gutierrez, Jess Silver, Tiara Moore, Mike Beck

Strong Coasts Collection

No abstract provided.

China’S New Law On Foreign Relations: Transforming The Rules-Based International Order With Chinese Characteristics, Raul (Pete) Pedrozo

International Law Studies

In 2023 China adopted a comprehensive Law on Foreign Relations. Although the law is intended to shape China’s diplomatic relations and its cultural, economic, and other exchanges, as well as China’s relations with the United Nations and other international organizations, implementation of the law will be guided by (inter alia) Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era. The law makes clear that China’s foreign relations will be conducted to uphold its system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, safeguard its sovereignty, unification and territorial integrity, and promote its economic and social development. This revisionist “rule by …

The Impact Of Antarctic Treaty Challenges On The Us Military, Ryan J. Bridley, Kevin W. Matthews

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

While the Antarctic Treaty of 1961 largely prevented conflicts on the continent, growing challenges to the treaty system could affect the United States and the global community. Through historical documents and press reports, this article examines ice deterioration, unreported and unregulated fishing, resource extraction preparation, hostilities between treaty members, and the roles of China and Russia in the region. It provides recommendations for policymakers and military strategists on how the United States can maintain global security and treaty interests—and the potential request for intervention—within the guidelines of the National Security Strategy.

Autumn Book Reviews, Usawc Press

The US Army War College Quarterly: Parameters

No abstract provided.

Natuna Waters: Explaining A Flashpoint Between Indonesia And China, Damos Dumoli Agusman

Indonesian Journal of International Law

Abstract

The Natuna waters have recently been a flashpoint between China and Indonesia as a result of China's vague claim of a nine dash line (9DL). It has caused a number of incidents and standoffs between legal enforcement agencies of both countries and sparked a diplomatic row.

This article explores how the ambiguous claim of a historic right/9DL was gradually introduced by China and then coercively applied in the Natuna waters. It also attempts to identify what China actually claims in the waters. It will then examine how Indonesia under the Jokowi administration responds to the claims, and elaborate what …

Case Studies Of The Addvalue's Inter-Satellite Data Relay System ("Idrs") For Commercial Leo Satellites Based On The Inmarsat Bgan Satellite Network, Francis Low, Eyal Trachtman

Small Satellite Conference

Existing LEO satellites have short connection times due to the limited coverage from ground stations. Addvalue has taken an evolutional approach to relay the connection via GEO satellites providing global coverage to LEO constellations.

Combination Of Palsar-2 Observation And Vdes Operation For Monitoring Illegal, Unreported And Unregulated Fishing Activities, Shinsaku Nakamura

Small Satellite Conference

Indonesian Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) is the sixth largest in the world. Fisheries in Indonesian EEZ are active and producing high amount of products, but illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing activities are also recognized. For monitoring and covering large area quantitatively, satellites are effective. The Indonesian government inspected 2,827 IUU fishing vessels and arrested 167 of them in 2021. It was also estimated that one illegal trawl fishing vessel would be able to lead 1.2 million USD of economic losses in Indonesia annually. The author put forward to use two different types of satellites for monitoring and managing wide …

Impact Of The Enforcement Of Asean Economic Community On Policy And Strategy Of Sea Transportation Development In Indonesia, Aflah Aflah, Hasim Purba, Suhaidi Suhaidi, Mahmul Siregar

Indonesian Journal of International Law

This study aimed to determine the impact of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) on the national shipping industry highly imbalanced with relevant business policies. The AEC agreement is also expected to positively affect the shipping industry while controlling domestic and competing in international activities. In this study, a normative method was used, with the collection of data carried out through literature studies. The Maritime Vision of Indonesia, which is the Policy Direction and Strategy for The Development of Marine Transportation, was also implemented to motivate the country toward becoming the World Maritime Axis. This emphasized becoming a developed, sovereign, independent, …

Triads, Snakeheads, And Flying Money: The Underworld Of Chinese Criminal Networks In Latin America And The Caribbean, Leland Lazarus, Alexander Gocso

Research Publications

This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the Chinese individuals, gangs, and companies engaging in illicit activities in Latin America and the Caribbean. Our methodology was to research academic literature, news articles, press releases, official statements, and podcasts in Spanish, Portuguese, Mandarin and English, as well as conduct off-the-record interviews with U.S. and LAC intelligence and law enforcement officials to ascertain growing trends in Chinese criminal behavior in the region.

Recreational Fishing Identification Guide, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Fisheries occasional publications

This guide has been developed to help you identify the more common species in Western Australia that you may encounter. The purpose of this guide is to enhance consistent and accurate species identification. If you are unsure about a particular species (or if it is not in this guide), please discuss it with a representative of the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia.

Throughout this guide you will see all or some of the marine bioregion symbols with each fish illustration, indicating where the species is most likely to occur.

Updated August 2023.

Commercial Fishing Identification Guide 2023, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Fisheries occasional publications

Throughout this guide you will see all or some of the marine bioregion symbols with each fish illustration, indicating where the species is most likely to occur.

This guide has been developed to help you identify the more common species in Western Australia you may encounter. The purpose of this guide is to enhance consistent and accurate species identification.

If you are unsure about a particular species (or if it is not in this guide), please discuss it with a representative of the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia.

Study Of Bakamla Ri Building Policy In Order To Implement Maritime Security Enforcer’S Tasks Based On Potential Capability, Pratondo Ario Seno Sudiro, Elsa Aliya Rizqoh Firdaus

Journal of Strategic and Global Studies

Maritime Security is defined as secure and controlled sea by means of free from violation, pollution, and lawbreaking threats. There are several ‘red zone’ areas in Indonesian sea region which contain several kinds of threat. The existence of ‘red zone’ areas shows that Maritime Security in Indonesian sea region hasn’t been realized yet. Law No. 32 of 2014 mentioned Bakamla RI as Maritime Security enforcer in Indonesian sea region. Bakamla RI is Maritime Security enforcer whose task is to enforce nation sovereignty and maritime law except direct invasion. The purpose of this research is building Bakamla RI to implement Maritime …

Assessing Visitor Preferences And Willingness To Pay For Marine National Park Hikkaduwa: Application Of Choice Experiment Method, Chamathi Jayaratne, U.A. D.P. Gunawardena, J. C. Edirisinghe, Sahan Dissanayake, D. Rajapaksa

Economics Faculty Publications and Presentations

Eco-tourism all over the world is threatened by the fact that the coral reefs and associated ecosystems are in a process of disappearing at an accelerated rate due to several natural and anthropogenic causes. In this context, the Marine National Park Hikkaduwa (MNPH), one of the four marine national parks in Sri Lanka, that features a fringing coral reef with a high degree of biodiversity, reports a decreasing trend in visitation mainly due to a condition of coral bleaching caused by an El Nino effect. Unfortunately, the regeneration of the corals is found to be slowed by continuous anthropogenic activities. …

A Taxonomy Of Radiofrequency Jamming And Spoofing Strategies And Criminal Motives, Tegg Westbrook

Journal of Strategic Security

This article provides a taxonomy of radiofrequency (RF) jamming and spoofing tactics and strategies associated with specific criminal objectives. This is based on the fact that the motivations and strategies of cyber-attackers – predominantly financial – is well-known, but the motivations behind specific electromagnetic interferences is lacking in the current literature. Previous research has also overlooked the motivations of other actors using jamming and spoofing devices.

The objective is to identify the most desirable spoofing and jamming strategies, likely targets, and likely motivations. The article finds that (a) previous literature on the subject overlooks a number of non-state actor motives, …

The European Union’S Quest To Become A Global Maritime-Security Provider, Christian Bueger, Timothy Edmunds

Naval War College Review

The European Union (EU) seeks to become a global maritime-security actor, yet strategic challenges influence its maritime-security strategy process. Is there a distinctive and coherent EU approach to global maritime security, and how should the EU address the growing range of maritime challenges, including the intensification of militarized competition in the Indo-Pacific?

Resistance On The Sea Boundaries: Smuggling In The Eastern Waters Of Sumatra During Upheaval Times 1946–1961, Mirza Ardi Wibawa

International Review of Humanities Studies

No abstract provided.

The Role Of Corporations In Solving The Illegal, Unregulated, And Unreported (Iuu) Fishing Crisis, Hunter F. Donovan

Ocean and Coastal Law Journal

This article examines the current domestic and international legal framework that provides protections against the effects of IUU fishing as well as the social, economic, and environmental effects of those activities. Domestically, this article examines the Magnuson-Stevens Act for its lack of efficacy in managing IUU fishing in US-controlled waters. Internationally, this article examines a variety of UN resolutions and treaties that seek to manage this crisis but have a minimal effect. Additionally, this article proposes various ways policies could be amended or adopted to best serve the communities that are most impacted by the effects of IUU fishing. Finally, …

Quality Analysis And Comparison Of Four Brands Of Silver Cod, Feng Chi, Zhang Miao, Hu Jun-Sheng, Jia Hong-Feng

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to analyze and compare the quality of four brands of silver cod that have high market sales. Methods: The sensory quality, whiteness, texture and volatile flavor substances of four brands of silver cod were detected by sensory analysis, colorimeter, texture analyzer and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results: Among the four brands of silver cod, BS had the highest sensory score, followed by BI and WH, and ILU had the lowest. BS had the best whiteness, followed by BI and WH, while ILU had the worst. ILU had significantly higher hardness and chewiness than the other three brands, …

China's Charm Offensive In Latin America And The Caribbean: A Comprehensive Analysis Of China's Strategic Communication Strategy Across The Region [Part I: Propaganda And Politics], Pablo Baisotti

Research Publications

This paper analyzes the expansion of Chinese media and public diplomacy in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). Through its “discourse of power” and an attempt to extend its soft power across the continent, Chinese and some LAC media (print, audiovisual, and digital) sustained, amplified, and exalted the “achievements” of the Communist regime and the possibility of sharing them as a “community of common destiny” for all the world’s peoples. China strives to promote a positive image through communication and propaganda campaigns, incorporating LAC journalists, academics, politicians, and others who can improve its image as a reliable and supportive partner …

An Exploration Of Palauan Fishing Methods And Fisheries: A Study For The Conservation Of Dugongs, Mia Glover

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The dugong (Dugong dugon) is an important marine mammal in Palau. However, current population dynamics are not well understood. This study aimed to connect scientific data with local knowledge by examining the social implications of changing fishing methods and their impact on dugong population dynamics in the face of climate change and fisheries commercialization. Through interviews with local fishers, it was found that destructive fishing methods like trawling and long lining have led to habitat loss and degradation for dugongs. These tactics, driven by economic factors, have disrupted the delicate balance between human activities and the preservation of dugong habitats, …

Recreational Fishing Location Guide, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Fisheries occasional publications

This guide has been developed to help you identify the fishing locations that you may visit. The purpose of this guide is to enhance consistent and accurate identification of fishing locations and block numbers within each Bioregion. If you are unsure about a particular location, please discuss it with a representative of the Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia.

Connecting Social And Ecological Systems In Small-Scale Fisheries In The Philippines, Sara Eisler Marriott

Dissertations

Nearly 50% of all marine fish capture in the Philippines is from artisanal fisheries, most of which is un- or under-reported. As in many emerging nations around the world, the Philippines cannot fully address overfishing by managing only half of the catch that comes from commercial fisheries. Marine reserves are a popular governance strategy for conservation and of growing interest for fisheries management. Many marine reserves in the Philippines, however, are not considered effective. In 2014, Rare, an international NGO, implemented a community-based management program to increase the effectiveness of the marine reserves, and while it found biomass increased, there …