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Social-Ecological Vulnerability To Environmental Extremes And Adaptation Pathways In Small-Scale Fisheries Of The Southern California Current, Juan Camilo Cardenas, Et. Al.

Economics Department Faculty Publications Series

Coastal ecosystems and human communities are threatened worldwide by climate change, and shocks from social, market and political change. There is an urgent global need to promote resilient food production and livelihoods in the face of these shocks. Small-scale fisheries (SSF) in rural settings can be particularly vulnerable as they frequently lack the resources, rights and infrastructure to respond to shocks originating outside the focal systems. We examined ecological and social outcomes of environmental extremes in a SSF socio-ecological system (SES) by using long-term oceanographic (between 2010-2019) and ecological (2006-2018) data tracking change in a kelp forest ecosystem of Baja …

Identifying New England’S Underutilized Seafood Species And Evaluating Their Market Potential In A Changing Climate, Amanda G. Davis, Michelle D. Staudinger, Katherine E. Mills

Environmental Conservation Faculty Publication Series

Developing and diversifying market opportunities for lesser known yet abundant seafood species has been a successful strategy for seafood businesses in the Northeast United States. Since climate change and other stressors are currently threatening the economic vitality of New England’s seafood industry, it is important to identify if there are lesser-known species that could simultaneously support additional market opportunities and remain resilient in a warming climate. We developed a quantitative definition for the term “underutilized species’’ based on five criteria derived from science-based sustainable fishing metrics. Using this definition, we evaluated 47 stocks in the Northeast United States during the …

Fish Passage At The Don Sahong Dam Site, Khone Falls, Mekong River, Southern Laos, Kent G. Hortle, Somphone Phommanivong

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

The Mekong River in southern Laos splits into seven anabranch channels which flow across Khone Falls, south-east Asia’s widest waterfall complex. Fish attempt to migrate upstream through all channels, and three (Xang Pheuak, Sahong and Sadam) were considered the most important for upstream fish passage by researchers who interviewed fishers in the 1990s. However, there are no actual data which show quantities or species of fish which migrate upstream through any of the channels. Sahong Channel was closed by coffer dams and dewatered in January 2016 to allow for the construction of the Don Sahong Hydropower Plant (DSHP), scheduled for …

Will They Stay Or Will They Go? Movement And Recruitment Dynamics Of An Iconic Australian Freshwater Fish In A Cold-Water Impacted River, Zeb Tonkin, John Koehn, Charles Todd, Jarod Lyon, Sarah Commens

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

The construction of large water storages and subsequent alteration of flow regimes and thermal pollution have had devastating impacts on native freshwater fish populations globally. Native fish populations in the lower reaches of the Mitta Mitta River have declined substantially since the construction (in the 1970’s) and operation of Dartmouth Dam. Self-sustaining populations of Trout cod and Murray cod were reported to have substantially declined or become locally extinct in the river by the early 1990’s, attributed largely to the largely annual release of cold water during spring and summer. In more recent times, recreational fishing reports and fish surveys …

Evaluation Of The Recreational Catch-And-Release Fishery For Golden Dorado Salminus Brasiliensis In Salta, Argentina: Implications For Conservation And Management, Tyler Gagne

Masters Theses

Golden dorado (Salminus brasiliensis, Cuvier, 1816) is increasing in popularity as a target for recreational anglers practicing catch-and-release (C&R) in northern Argentina and bordering countries. However, to date no research has looked at the potential social and ecological implications of growth in this recreational fishery. The first manuscript of this thesis assessed the consequences of C&R on golden dorado captured by anglers on the Juramento River in Salta, Argentina. This evaluation examined physical injury, physiological stress, reflex impairment, and short term post-release behavior to develop a clear set of evidence-based best practices for C&R. In addition, the Juramento …

The Natural And Capital Infrastructure Of Potential Post-Electrification Wealth Creation In Kenya, Diego Ponce De Leon Barido, Simone Fobi Nsutezo, Jay Taneja

Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publication Series

Background

It is widely accepted that electricity is an important element for improving levels of human development and wealth creation in rural areas. Yet, little research has explored the conditions under which electrification could lead to wealth creation post-electrification. Using Kenya as a case study, this paper uses natural capital (NC) and infrastructural capital (IC) data to compare the enabling environments under which electrification could lead to wealth creation (and persistent demand for electricity) post-electrification.

Methods

We use multiple spatial data sets to create three different metrics for NC and IC and use them to create a micro-enterprise development index …

An Ethnographic Evaluation Of Local Residents’ Perceptions Of Tourism In The Pretourism Phase: The Case Of Burdeos, Philippines, Hazel Habito Javier

Travel and Tourism Research Association: Advancing Tourism Research Globally

There were many studies done on local residents’ perception on tourism but only few scholars have embarked on an ethnographic study exploring local residents’ perception from a pre-tourism development phase. Most of the past studies focused on resident’s perception towards tourism impact and attitude towards expansion of tourism development (Mason & Cheyne, 2000; Harill, 2004; Lepp, 2008). The present study explores and reports on local residents’ perceptions prior to the beginning of tourism in an island community in the Philippines. Focusing on how the local people understand tourism within the context of pretourism development, the paper draws up a basic …

Eels Iii: European Eel Recovery: "It Is All About Collaboration", Andrew Kerr

International Conference on Engineering and Ecohydrology for Fish Passage

No abstract provided.

Homelessness And Long-Term Occupancy In National Forests And Grasslands, Joshua W.R. Baur Dr., Lee Cerveny, Joanne F. Tynon

National Environment and Recreation Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Regulatory Compliance In Small-Scale Fisheries In Old Providence Island (Colombia), Laura Maria Alayon

Masters Theses 1911 - February 2014

This research evaluates how contextual variables such as knowledge of the rules, the perception about punishment and formal enforcement levels, perception of social control, fishers’ attitudes about legitimacy of rules, and social/economic factors, affect compliance with fisheries regulations. The analysis is carried out in Old Providence Island [OPI]. A survey of 100 fishermen was completed and data from that survey is used to econometrically estimate a model of compliance choices. Results suggest that reports on compliance change depending whether the interviewed is asked about compliance or about violation. I argue that this seemingly inconsistency, reveals an implication on methodological approach. …

The Regulatory Choice Of Noncompliance In Emissions Trading Programs, John K. Stranlund

John K. Stranlund

This paper addresses the following question: To achieve a fixed aggregate emissions target cost-effectively, should emissions trading programs be designed and implemented to achieve full compliance, or does allowing a certain amount of noncompliance reduce the costs of reaching the emissions target? The total costs of achieving the target consist of aggregate abatement costs, monitoring costs, and the expected costs of collecting penalties from noncompliant firms. Under common assumptions, I show that allowing noncompliance is cost-effective only if violations are enforced with an increasing marginal penalty. However, one can design a policy that induces full compliance with a constant marginal …

Risk Aversion And Compliance In Markets For Pollution Control, John K. Stranlund

John K. Stranlund

This paper examines the effects of risk aversion on compliance choices in markets for pollution control. A firm’s decision to be compliant or not is independent of its manager’s risk preference. However, noncompliant firms with risk averse managers will have lower violations than otherwise identical firms with risk neutral managers. The violations of noncompliant firms with risk averse managers are independent of differences in their benefits from emissions and their initial allocations of permits if and only if their managers’ utility functions exhibit constant absolute risk aversion. However, firm-level characteristics do impact violation choices when managers have coefficients of absolute …

Risk Aversion And Compliance In Markets For Pollution Control, John K. Stranlund

PERI Working Papers

This paper examines the effects of risk aversion on compliance choices in markets for pollution control. A firm’s decision to be compliant or not is independent of its manager’s risk preference. However, noncompliant firms with risk averse managers will have lower violations than otherwise identical firms with risk neutral managers. The violations of noncompliant firms with risk averse managers are independent of differences in their benefits from emissions and their initial allocations of permits if and only if their managers’ utility functions exhibit constant absolute risk aversion. However, firm-level characteristics do impact violation choices when managers have coefficients of absolute …

A Laboratory Investigation Of Compliance Behavior Under Tradable Emissions Rights: Implications For Targeted Enforcement, James J. Murphy, John Stranlund

PERI Working Papers

This paper uses laboratory experiments to test the theoretical observations that both the violations of competitive risk-neutral firms and the marginal effectiveness of increased enforcement across firms are independent of differences in their abatement costs and their initial allocations of permits. This conclusion has important implications for enforcing emissions trading programs because it suggests that regulators have no justification for targeting their enforcement effort based on firm-level characteristics. Consistent with the theory, we find that subjects’ violations were independent of parametric differences in their abatement costs. However, those subjects that were predicted to buy permits tended to have higher violation …

A Laboratory Investigation Of Compliance Behavior Under Tradable Emissions Rights: Implications For Targeted Enforcement, John K. Stranlund, James J. Murphy

John K. Stranlund

This paper uses laboratory experiments to test the theoretical observations that both the violations of competitive risk-neutral firms and the marginal effectiveness of increased enforcement across firms are independent of differences in their abatement costs and their initial allocations of permits. This conclusion has important implications for enforcing emissions trading programs because it suggests that regulators have no justification for targeting their enforcement effort based on firm-level characteristics. Consistent with the theory, we find that subjects’ violations were independent of parametric differences in their abatement costs. However, those subjects that were predicted to buy permits tended to have higher violation …