Other Civil and Environmental Engineering Commons^™

Behavioral Insights Impacting Preweaning Mortality, Md Towfiqur Rahman, G. A. Rohrer, S. R. Sharma, Y. Shi, S. M. Leonard, Tami M. Brown-Bandl

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Faculty Publications

Conclusions

This study investigated the average time spent on posture behaviors (lying, kneeling, sitting, standing) of sows by analyzing the effects of time segments, farrowing crate types, parity, heat lamp configurations, and mortality groups. Sow posture behaviors were significantly influenced by mortality, parity, crate type, heat lamps, and day category. High mortality sows spent less time lying and more time standing events. Parity 1, 2, 3 sows were more active, spending more time kneeling in transitions, lying, and sitting events. Sows in TSL crate had longer lateral right lying and standing events, while ESCSL crates sows had longer sitting events. …

Cover Crops Can Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions From No-Till Maize In Southern Brazil: Insights From A Long-Term Field Experiment, Guilherme Rosa Da Silva, Adam J. Liska, Cimélio Bayer

Adam Liska Papers

Brazil is one of the countries that has the most agricultural area under no-till (NT) management. This research study aims to evaluate life-cycle greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from maize (M) grain production in agroecosystems that used different cover crops under NT management in southern Brazil. The data for this study were from a long-term 41-year field experiment in southern Brazil. The long-term experiment evaluated the effects of fallow (F) and cover crops (oat (O), vetch (V), cowpea (B), pigeon pea (P), and lablab (L)) on nitrous oxide and methane emissions and soil carbon (C) sequestration in maize agroecosystems. Five cropping …

A Bridge Too Low, John Adam

Mathematics & Statistics Faculty Publications

The article "A bridge too low" in the Physics Teacher journal discusses a low bridge near the River Greta in Keswick, England, with an arch shaped like a semiellipse. It presents questions about the maximum height a person of a certain height can walk under the bridge without hitting their head, the cross-sectional area of the arch, its eccentricity, and perimeter. The article also mentions the approximation by Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan for the perimeter of an ellipse and invites readers to find the answers online.

Assessment Of Wave Climate Conditions At An Important Historical And Ecological Site Along The Fort George River In Northeast Florida, Ally O. Kasuwi

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study investigated wave climate conditions at the Timucuan Preserve in northeast Florida, addressing gaps in previous shoreline erosion research that largely attributed erosion to boat wakes without detailed wave data. Field data were collected using several do-it-yourself water wave gauges. Each data collection event was for approximately one week, with an emphasis on collecting data before, during, and after periods of expected peak wave activity (i.e., holiday weekends and large-scale storms). Data were analyzed in the frequency domain to establish the likely cause of waves. Results suggested that, counterintuitively, watercraft traffic may have produced higher dominant wave periods than …

Influence Of Deck Area And Average Daily Traffic On The Deterioration Of Bridge Superstructures., Faysal Ahamed

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

State Departments of Transportation (DOTs) are responsible for maintaining approximately 623,000 bridges across the United States. Effective bridge management requires a comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing structural deterioration. Numerous studies have explored the effects of average daily traffic (ADT) and deck area (DA) on bridge deck deterioration. Given the interdependence between bridge decks and superstructures, it is plausible that ADT and DA significantly influence superstructure condition ratings and deterioration trends. However, their impact on superstructures remains insufficiently studied. In addition, existing studies primarily focus on overall bridge deterioration without adequately differentiating between superstructure designs and materials and maintenance authorities. …

A Comparative Study Between Soft Structures And Hard Structures For The Protection Of Egypt’S Coastlines Against Climate Change, Donia Eldwib

Theses and Dissertations

Coastal communities worldwide face unprecedented threats from climate change, with rising sea levels, increased storm intensities, and accelerated coastal erosion posing significant risks. Egypt, with over 3,000 kilometers of coastlines along the Mediterranean and Red Seas, it is particularly vulnerable due to its densely populated and economically critical low-elevated coastal zones. With the Mediterranean Sea, and the Nile Delta specifically under huge threats, this study examines the different coastal protection strategies used to address these climate change impacts. Different coastal protection structures have been used throughout the years starting with the well-known hard structures moving on to greener alternatives such …

Sloshing Analysis Of An Isothermal Fluid In A Cylindrical Tank For Cryogenic Tank Design Using Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics, Dillon Freeman

The Plymouth Student Scientist

This paper investigates the capability of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics to model the free surface sloshing response of an isothermal fluid in a cylindrical geometry. Eleven frequencies for two horizontal driving amplitudes (0.5 mm & 2.0 mm) were validated against experimental results and the influence of the starting direction of the tanks acceleration on the steady state response was investigated. The SPH results reproduced the overall behaviour of the experimental data closely over the range of frequencies tested, but produced higher amplitudes with greater variance in the region of the tanks natural frequency. Furthermore good symmetry was observed between sidewalls for …

Optimization Of Construction Scheme Of Ultra‑Large Special‑Shaped Foundation Pit Adjacent To Existing Station And Temporary Steel Bridge, Chen Dengwei

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

With the intensifying development density of urban underground space in China，the impact of ultra-large foundation pit construction on the normal operation of adjacent structures cannot be ignored.Relying on the Huangmugang Comprehensive Transportation Hub Project in Shenzhen，this paper studied the deformation of the envelope structure and soil caused by the excavation of the ultra-large special-shaped foundation pit，as well as the structural response of the deformation of the adjacent existing station and the temporary steel bridge.The paper optimized the construction scheme of the special-shaped foundation pit excavation.The results show that the deformation trend of the envelope structure on the north and south …

Friction‑ 1d Transformer ： A 1d Vision Transformer Hybrid Model For Skid Resistance Prediction On Asphalt Pavements, Pei Feifei, Nie Zilong, Xu G Uomin, Zhan You, Gong Xianqi, Ai Changfa, Deng Yuan, Ji Zhengyun, Wang Shifa

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

The friction performance of road surfaces is an important indicator of highway safety，which is closely related to road texture.In this paper，a set of three-dimensional denoising methods for road texture data with different noise levels was proposed，which could effectively remove noise while preserving local texture features.In addition，a skid resistance prediction model named Friction- 1D Transformer was developed based on the design concept of Vision Transformer （VIT） for skid resistance evaluation of asphalt pavements.Unlike traditional convolutional neural networks，the Friction- 1D Transformer utilized positional encoding structures and multi-head attention mechanisms to extract global features from one-dimensional （1D） texture signals along the direction of …

Experimental Investigation On Shrinkage Effect Of Ultra‑High Performance Concrete Under Steam Curing, Li Bing, Yang Tengyu, Fang Changle, Luo Zirun, Li Chuanxi, Tan Ke

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Determining the free shrinkage of U HPC is an important basis for analyzing the shrinkage effect of steel UHPC composite bridge deck.Therefore，based on the UHPC materials to be used in a project，three batches of UHPC free shrinkage specimens were made，and three specimens were made in each batch.By testing the strain and temperature of specimens during curing，the free shrinkage strain-age curve and temperature-age curve of UHPC were obtained.The development and variation law of UHPC shrinkage strain are discussed.Based on the experimental results，the equivalent time is introduced on the basis of Arrhenius empirical formula，and a modified model of free shrinkage is proposed.Finally，based …

Mechanical And Vegetative Performance Of Bamboo Fiber‑Reinforced Eco‑Concrete With Recycled Aggregate, Li Tao, Deng Bofan, He Maolin, Liu Ting, Chen Houde

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In response to the current common urban construction waste disposal issue，this study utilized processed recycled construction waste aggregate and bamboo waste materials to produce bamboo fiber-reinforced eco-concrete with recycled aggregate.By adjusting the dosage of bamboo fiber，the effects of the dosage of bamboo fiber on the mechanical and vegetative performance of the concrete were systematically analyzed by means of orthogonal tests and verification methods.The test results indicate that bamboo fiber enhances the toughness of eco-concrete significantly.Particularly，when the dosage of bamboo fiber exceeds 3.0 kg/m3，there is a significant enhancement in the tensile performance of the eco-concrete with recycled aggregate.Due to the spatial …

Curing Law And Road Performance Of Polyurethane Mixture, Sun Shengkai, Zheng Mao, Tang Xiong, Liu Li, Zhong Shengran, Si Te

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Polyurethane mixture is composed of polyurethane binder，rubber particles，and stones.Compared with ordinary asphalt mixture，it has the characteristics of a higher content of rubber particles and large void ratios.This article first tested the viscosity-time curve and viscosity-temperature curve of one-component polyurethane and determined the compaction temperature of the polyurethane mixture.Based on the rutting test，three-point bending test，water immersion Marshall test，freeze-thaw splitting test，and pendulum friction test，the road performance of the polyurethane mixture under different replacement amounts of rubber particles was tested.The research results show that the mixing temperature of PU- 1 polyurethane mixture can be basically controlled between 73 ℃ and 81 ℃，and it …

Elimination Method Of Temperature Lag Effect In Deformation Monitoring Data Of Cable‑Stayed Bridge Structures, Liu Hongshuang, Zhai Wenqiang, Zeng Guoliang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

There is a temperature lag effect in the deformation monitoring data of the bridge structure.Eliminating the temperature lag effect is of great significance in the health monitoring of the bridge structure.Based on the linear correlation between the deformation of the bridge structure and the temperature，this paper applied the goodness of fit test and proposed a time-domain translation elimination method.On this basis，by taking the long-term synchronous monitoring of the tower inclination，beam end displacement，main girder deflection，and temperature data of a cable-stayed bridge as an example，this method was used to eliminate the temperature lag effect in the deformation monitoring data and compared with …

Sensitivity Analysis Of Parameters Of Cable‑Stayed Bridges With Full Floating Spatial Frame, Liu Anqing, Yan Tengfei, Zheng Pengju, Gu Yanlin, Li Jie, Wang Qiang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to clarify the influence of design parameters on the mechanical behavior of a cable-stayed bridge of a floating system，a finite element model of the bridge was established by using the finite element analysis software MIDAS/Civil based on a single-tower double-cable plane steel-concrete composite beam cable-stayed bridge with full floating spatial frame.The sensitivity of parameters such as temperature effect，secondary dead load，and support system in the completed bridge state was analyzed and compared with the semi-floating system of the bridge.The results show that temperature and secondary dead load have a significant impact on the deflection and stress of the main …

Segment Connection Mod E For Stiffening Girder Hoisting Construction Of Long‑Span Steel Truss Girder Suspension Bridge, Shao Guangmiao, Pan Q Uan, Yan Donghuang, Xu Hongsheng

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In the process of stiffening girder construct ion of a long-span steel truss girder suspension bridge，different connection modes of stiffening girder segments will directly affect the internal force，alignment，and bridge state of the structure during construction.By taking the construction of the stiffening girder of a bridge as the research background，the finite element model of the whole process of the bridge was established.The advantages and disadvantages of the segmented hinge method and the segmented rigid connection method were compared，and the two-two segmented rigid connection scheme was proposed.On this basis，according to the changing law of steel truss section alignment and lower chord opening …

Linkage Control Method For Expressway Toll Stations And Plane Intersections, Lei Qing, Wang Zhaoyong, Wu Yurong, Jiang Weiwei, Luo Zhongbin

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to solve the problem of vehicle queuing overflow caused by the mismatch between the expressway toll stations and the capacity of plane intersections，the formula for calculating the maximum queue length was given by analyzing the traffic operation characteristics between toll stations and plane intersections and considering vehicles ’ lane-changing behavior.Due to the strong coupling of the traffic operation between toll stations and plane intersections caused by a short distance between them，a unified linkage control optimization model was established.The research shows that if the queue length in the connecting direction of the plane intersections exceeds the allowable maximum queue …

Research On T‑Beam System With Diaphragm Based On Intelligent Construction, Liu Lang, Tao Qiyu, Xu Qigang

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

The traditional precast T-beam faces issues such as excessive diaphragms，difficult formwork installation and removal，and low levels of intelligence in intelligent bridge construction.To address these issues，this paper focused on the optimization of the number of diaphragms and the application of prefabricated diaphragms.By analyzing different diaphragm configuration schemes and comparing the contributions of prefabricated diaphragms and precast diaphragms to the lateral stiffness of the bridge，this paper deeply explored the impact of diaphragms on bridge performance.The research results indicate that the T-beam system with fewer diaphragms is feasible in intelligent construction，but the system without diaphragms places higher demands on the performance of bridge …

3d Reconstruction Method Of Tunnel Surrounding Rock Fracture Based On Vtk, Liu Houxiang, Su Heng

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

Fracture parameters are important reference factors for surrounding rock stability analysis.To realize the visualization analysis of surrounding rock fractures，this paper proposed a three-dimensional （3D） reconstruction method of surrounding rock fractures based on the visualization toolkit （VTK）.Firstly，the collected tunnel surrounding rock images were preprocessed by OpenCV for image grayscale and noise reduction.Secondly，the Otsu method and the open operation in morphology were used to segment the image，and the complete surrounding rock fracture map was obtained.Then，the median method was used to replace the linear interpolation method with the traditional Marching Cubes algorithm in VTK to calculate the equivalent point，and the improved Marching Cubes …

Experimental Study On Deformation Characteristics Of High Liquid Limit Soil Considering The Effect Of Temperature, Li Bangwu, Shen Xuning, Zhang Rui, Chen Yanrong

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

In order to study the influence of temperature on the absorbed bound water and deformation characteristics of high liquid limit soil，the high liquid limit soil in Hunan and Hainan provinces were selected for test.The influence of temperature on the content of bound water was measured by a temperature-controlled water bath volumetric flask test.The consolidation test was carried out on the samples with a one-dimensional temperature-controlled consolidometer，and the variation law of high liquid limit soil deformation affected by temperature was analyzed under the modified pore ratio considering the bound water content.The results show that the absorbed bound water in the high …

Surface Grouting Reinforcement Technology For Shallowly Buried Tunnel In Coastal Zone, Xiang Ze, Deng Shiping, Sheng Zhang, Zhou Ye, Wang Wei, Pei Yabing

Journal of China & Foreign Highway

The Ⅵ level surrounding rock section of a project water intake tunnel is located in the coastal zone，with thick overlying sand layers，broken surrounding rock，and other characteristics.To address these issues，laboratory tests were conducted to explore the effect of water glass volume dosing on the final setting time and strength of cement-sodium silicate （CS） liquid slurry，and field tests were carried out for a comprehensive analysis of grouting methods.The constraint-dispersion mode was finally determined to divide the grouting area into several small grouting units.Advance plastic pipe grouting reinforcement was performed according to the grouting sequence of the outermost circle hole interval first，followed by …