Civil Engineering Commons^™

Analysis Of Spatial Discrepancies Between 76-Foot Close Range Photogrammetric And Terrestrial-Lidar Models, Abdoul K. Ouangre

College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations

This study presents an analysis of the accuracy of a 3D model generated by two different methods. In the first method, the 3D model is generated via Laser Scanning. In the second method, the 3D model is generated via Close-range Photogrammetry from a drone flying at 76 feet above the ground. Photogrammetry is a photo-based technique that uses images to generate 3D models of objects where distances could be extracted from. Close-range photogrammetry is the approach of generating a 3D model from a camera placed anywhere between 1 foot and 1000 feet relative to the object. Terrestrial LiDAR is the …

Corrosion Resistance Performance Investigation Of Mild Steel Bar Coated With Magnesium Phosphate Cement Paste, Fan Zhang

Doctoral Dissertations

"In this research study, the anti-corrosion mechanism of reinforcement embedded in magnesium potassium phosphate cement (MKPC) is explored. In addition, one type of additives, metakaolin, and one type of retarder, boric acid, are employed in MKPC to modify its properties in order to further investigate corrosion resistance and to achieve mass-production coating reinforcement at the work site. This coating method may be practical for some underwater construction and some traditional reinforcement concrete structures to reduce the reinforcement corrosion rate and to eventually extend service life in both repair and new construction applications.

By comparing the electrochemical properties of bare ribbed …

Multifunctional Behaviors Of Two-Dimensional Materials And Their Composites, Yanxiao Li

Doctoral Dissertations

"Two-dimensional (2D) materials, including graphene, transition metal carbides or nitrides (TMC/Ns), have rich surface chemistry, superb electrical and mechanical properties. These unique properties make them ideal for multifunctional devices. Among them, we focused on graphene and TMC/Ns (i.e., MXenes), as well as their composites. Unlike the well-known graphene, MXenes, are relatively new and typically synthesized by the selective etching of the “A” layers from the layered carbides and /or nitrides known as MAX phases, which introduce MXenes with rich terminal groups (e.g. -O-, -OH, -F).

During my Ph.D. study, firstly, the adhesive and frictional behaviors, which are related to successful …

Comparative Analysis Of Bridge Abutment Types, David Fell

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This project was developed to serve as a brief overview of design practices and considerations in the selection of highway bridge abutment types. This involved a review of literature in the form of reviewing national design guides and department of transportation (DOT) requirements from both US DOTs and international DOTs. The abutment types covered in this research included conventional reinforced concrete abutments with bearings, integral abutments, and semi-integral abutments. This research focused solely on highway bridge abutments, particularly on Ohio Department of Transportation design requirements due to their extensive use of semi-integral abutments. Superstructure elements and geometric requirements are primary …

Improving Traffic Efficiency At Tallmadge Circle Considering Autonomous Vehicles, Benjamin Mallinak

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

In a set of behavioral recommendations outlined by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), navigating a roundabout is listed as one of twenty-eight regularly required abilities that a highly automated vehicle must be able to complete. As autonomous vehicle technology is developed, refined, and proven to meet these ability expectations, roundabouts and traffic circles that experience high volumes of traffic are anticipated to benefit from an improved efficiency of traffic flow. For Tallmadge Circle and other similar traffic control configurations, the degree of improvement will be dependent on the steps taken to utilize the capabilities of the autonomous vehicles …

Sustainability And Environmentally Friendly Methods To Travel Over Waterways, Kendall Kubus

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

Throughout daily traveling, the main structures used are bridges and tunnels. Bridges are used as overpasses over valleys, canyons, and areas that require a large amount of dirt fill to bring the roadway up to the proper grade. Tunnels are underpasses through mountains, under city limits and waterways. The benefits of building a bridge structure is little preparation goes into earth-work and the transportation of aggregate materials. There is some time spent testing surrounding soil to determine the process that will need to occur for foundation preparations in bridge columns. Options for foundation include different types of drilled shafts, caissons, …

Analysis Of Road Use Maintenance Agreements (Rumas), Anna Cermak

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

A Road Use Maintenance Agreement, also known as a RUMA, is an agreement made between a government entity and a business to put in place the set of rules that will guide the responsibilities of the business regarding the use of the entity's roads (Road use maintenance agreements RUMA, 2020). This specific type of road maintenance agreement is popularly used in the state of Ohio a the time. Most other states still operate on older ways of thinking, not capitalizing on the industry that in their area, therefore causing their road infrastructure and economies to suffer. A template agreement was …

Biodegradation Of Rubber Particles In Soil: Using Acclimated Bacteria Isolated From Kansas Soil To Degrade Cryogrinds In Slurry, Shane Graham

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This study investigated the viability of bioremediating rubber cryogrind using enriched indigenous bacteria. To begin the experiment, soils from three highway roadside locations in Kansas, KS 96 and West, KS 400 and 143^rd, and 199^th, were collected and transported to the lab to be studied. An initial soil characterization was run on the soil samples using distilled (DI) water mixture and 0.01 M CaCl₂ to assess conductivity. The soils were tested to gather a baseline of the relationship between pH and conductivity and the impact of its distance from the roadside. Bacteria were isolated from …

Investigating The Mechanical Properties Of Frozen Soil Using Non-Destructive Seismic Wave Measurements, Sean Mach

Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects

This proposed project will be dealing with investigating the mechanical properties of soil under frozen conditions. This will be done by an innovative non-destructive technology measuring the propagation of seismic waves through the frozen soils from multiple piezoelectric sensors. For the duration of this research, a freezing cell must be constructed to carry out the experimental testing. Multiple levels of saturation will be tested under the given freezing conditions. This should highlight the effect that the level of saturation will have on the propagation of seismic waves throughout the soil. Piezo-electric sensors will be placed in each layer of soil …

Building Services Engineering January/February 2022

Building Services Engineering

No abstract provided.

Salt Water Intrusion In Water Distribution Systems: Analysis, Solution, And Eco-Efficiency, Darud E Sheefa

Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports

Since many water distribution systems (WDSs) experience saltwater intrusion, system behavior during saltwater intrusion is important. An alternative to the currently accepted WDS decontamination method of hydrant flushing is needed since during the current procedure all contaminated water is discharged to the surroundings which imposes environmental impacts. Hence, this research was conducted to study salt spread in different WDSs and to seek an alternative to hydrant flushing as a way of WDS decontamination. First, salt contamination was modelled in real water system models to document the salt spread. It was found that (1) if salt enters as a short pulse, …

การพัฒนาระบบการวางแผนและติดตามผนังคอนกรีตมวลเบาด้วยแนวคิดโมเดลข้อมูลสารสนเทศอาคาร, กมลทิพย์ พรชัยธเนศกุล

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

แผ่นผนังคอนกรีตมวลเบาถูกนำมาสร้างเพื่อใช้สำหรับการแบ่งพื้นที่ภายในอาคาร ซึ่งมีความรวดเร็วกว่าการก่อฉาบผนังอิฐแบบทั่วไป การวางแผนแผ่นผนังมักจะใช้การถอดปริมาณจากพื้นที่ผนังอาคารที่ต้องการติดตั้งเทียบกับพื้นที่ของแผ่นผนัง โดยความแม่นยำของการคำนวณจำนวนแผ่นผนังขึ้นอยู่กับความชำนาญของผู้วางแผนที่ส่งผลให้ปริมาณแผ่นผนังแตกต่างจากการใช้งานจริง และการติดตามสถานะแผ่นผนังในปัจจุบันเป็นเพียงการติดตามโดยประมาณเฉพาะพื้นที่ที่ดำเนินการแล้วเสร็จเทียบกับพื้นที่ทั้งหมดซึ่งระบุเป็นร้อยละ ดังนั้นการระบุสถานะและรายละเอียดแผ่นผนังในตำแหน่งต่างๆ ไม่สามารถทำได้อย่างตรงจุด บทความวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อนำเสนอระบบการวางแผนติดตั้งแผ่นผนังคอนกรีตมวลเบา เพื่อลดระยะเวลาในการวางแผนและเพิ่มความแม่นยำในการคำนวณจำนวนแผ่นผนัง รวมถึงพัฒนาเครื่องมือในการติดตามสถานะ เพื่อระบุตำแหน่งที่ติดตั้งและแก้ไขที่ชัดเจนของแผ่นผนัง โดยระบบที่พัฒนาประยุกต์ใช้แนวคิดโมเดลข้อมูลอาคารสารสนเทศสำหรับการเตรียมการติดตั้งแผ่นผนัง ซึ่งการพัฒนาระบบประกอบด้วยการกรองค่าโมเดลแผ่นผนังผ่าน Dynamo Code การวางแผ่นผนังในโมเดลอาคาร การแสดงผลข้อมูลผ่านโมเดลสามมิติ การเตรียมข้อมูลเพื่อสร้าง Tag ของแผ่นผนัง การกำหนดแผนระยะเวลาของการติดตั้งผ่าน Dynamo Player ซึ่งเป็นเครื่องมือสำหรับกรอกข้อมูล การติดตามสถานะผ่าน Google Form การสรุปข้อมูลติดตามผ่านโมเดลสามมิติและสเปรดชีต ผลการวิจัยจากกรณีศึกษาพบว่าระบบการวางแผนและติดตามแผ่นผนังสามารถวางแผนผนังตามช่วงผนังอาคารได้อย่างถูกต้องทั้งในกรณีของการวางแผ่นผนังขนาดเดียวกันและกรณีของการวางผสมผสานของแผ่นผนังที่มีขนาดแตกต่างกัน โดยการติดตามแผ่นผนังสามารถแสดงภาพให้เห็นได้ชัดเจนและรวดเร็วกว่าการวางแผนในรูปแบบเดิม รวมถึงสามารถระบุตำแหน่งและสถานะแผ่นผนังได้อย่างชัดเจนและถูกต้องตามตำแหน่งที่วางแผ่นผนัง

การศึกษาพฤติกรรมการรับแรงดัดของคานจากการใช้แบบด้วยการพิมพ์ 3 มิติ, ณัฏฐา เวสสะภักดี

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

ในปัจจุบันลักษณะการออกแบบทางด้านสถาปัตยกรรมมีความหลากหลายและซับซ้อนมากขึ้นทำให้งานก่อสร้างประสบปัญหาในการตั้งแบบหล่อชิ้นส่วนโครงสร้างต่าง ๆ เช่น คานโค้ง หรือคานรูปทรงอิสระ (Free-form beam) ซึ่งยากต่อการทำงาน แต่ด้วยเทคโนโลยีการพิมพ์ 3 มิติ ที่มีความสามารถในการพิมพ์รูปร่างหรือรูปทรงต่างๆของชิ้นงานได้อย่างอิสระโดยที่ไม่ต้องใช้ไม้แบบ จึงเป็นส่วนช่วยในการแก้ปัญหาข้างต้น ดังนั้นงานวิจัยนี้จึงมีจุดประสงค์เพื่อศึกษาพฤติกรรมการรับแรงดัดของคานคอนกรีตที่ใช้กรอบแบบจากการพิมพ์คอนกรีต 3 มิติ กรอบแบบดังกล่าวถูกพิมพ์ด้วยเทคโนโลยีการพิมพ์แบบระบบฉีดเส้นวัสดุ หรือ Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) ซึ่งเป็นการพิมพ์ขึ้นรูปคอนกรีตซ้อนกันไปจนได้เป็นกรอบแบบ ในการวิจัยนี้ได้สร้างกรอบแบบที่มีความหนาของแต่ละชั้นการพิมพ์แตกต่าง 3 แบบ ได้แก่ ชั้นการพิมพ์ความหนา 15.0 มม. (BH1.50) 17.5 มม. (BH1.75) และ 20.0 มม. (BH2.00) แล้วจึงหล่อคานคอนกรีตภายในกรอบแบบนั้น จากนั้นคานตัวอย่างจะถูกพิจารณาคุณสมบัติด้านการรับกำลังแบบคานช่วงเดียว (Simple beam) และสังเกตลักษณะการวิบัติของคานที่เกิดขึ้น ผลการทดสอบจะถูกนำมาวิเคราะห์และเปรียบเทียบผลเพื่อหาความแตกต่างจากคานคอนกรีตเสริมเหล็กที่ใช้ไม้แบบตามปกติ (NB)

Surrogate-Assisted Machine Learning Method For Reliability-Based Continuum Topology Optimization, Thu Van Huynh

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

This thesis proposes an efficient reliability-based topology optimization (RBTO) method that advantageously decouples cross-entropy (CE) method with Gaussian process regression (GPR) model, termed as CE-GPR. The method iteratively performs the bi-directional evolutionary structural optimization (BESO) with deterministic parameters based on the most probable point (MPP) underpinning limit-state functions iteratively updated by the active learning reliability evaluation process. The GPR model approximates the spectrum of LSFs under random parameters, and hence enables a low-cost CE method for failure probability approximation. The expected feasibility function (EFF) is maximized using the CLPSO to systematically refine the GPR model by adding new (intelligent) learning …

On A New Framework For Detecting, Classifying, And Forecasting Floods For Large-Scale Flood Risk Analysis, Equisha Glenn

Dissertations and Theses

Increasing trends in flooding events are projected to continue as climate changes have increased the chance of extreme weather events. Given the significant, damaging impacts of extreme floods, the ability to effectively model floods is crucial for risk management and mitigation of the impacts of these extreme flooding events. This dissertation presents a new framework for detecting and predicting large-scale flood risk in the United States using climate information. This methodology categorizes regional, simultaneous floods into an index that is used to forecast the risk of extreme flooding a season ahead. The index proposed herein, named the Spatial Flood Index …

A Citizen-Science Approach For Urban Flood Risk Analysis Using Data Science And Machine Learning, Candace Agonafir

Dissertations and Theses

Street flooding is problematic in urban areas, where impervious surfaces, such as concrete, brick, and asphalt prevail, impeding the infiltration of water into the ground. During rain events, water ponds and rise to levels that cause considerable economic damage and physical harm. The main goal of this dissertation is to develop novel approaches toward the comprehension of urban flood risk using data science techniques on crowd-sourced data. This is accomplished by developing a series of data-driven models to identify flood factors of significance and localized areas of flood vulnerability in New York City (NYC). First, the infrastructural (catch basin clogs, …

Towards Simulation Of Complex Ocean Flows: Analysis And Algorithm For Computation Of Coupled Partial Differential Equations, Wenbin Dong

Dissertations and Theses

The hybrid CFD models which usually consist of 2 sub-models, develop our capability to simulate many emerging problems with multiphysics and multiscale flows, especially for the coastal ocean flows interacted with local phenomena of interest. For most cases, the sub-models are connected with direct interpolation which is easy and workable. It becomes urgently needed to investigate the inner mechanism of such model integration as this simple method does not work well if the two sub-models are different in governing equations, numerical methods, and computational grids. Also, it can not treat complex flow structures as well as the balance in mass …

Comparison Between Pervious Oyster Shell Habitat (Posh) Unit And Reef Ball Performance Along An Eroding Shoreline In Northeast Florida, Jacob Waggoner

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This study compared two methods of shoreline protection – the common Reef Ball and the novel Pervious Oyster Shell Habitat (POSH). Both structures are meant to attenuate wave energy and subsequently reduce shoreline erosion. While Reef Balls have a long, documented history of effectively mitigating beach erosion, POSH units are new structures and their effectiveness had not yet been previously assessed. Clusters of POSH units and Reef Balls were deployed at the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve’s shoreline at Kingsley Plantation. Wave staffs were placed seaward and shoreward from these clusters and wave heights were measured over a holiday weekend …

Crystalline Analysis Of Geomicrobially-Induced Calcium Carbonate Precipitation In Sands Using A Surface Percolation Treatment Technique, Justin Edward Mulloney

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Ottawa 50/70 sand specimens and natural beach sand samples were treated using bio-augmented geomicrobies via a surface percolation technique. Testing was conducted on these specimens to determine how resultant calcium carbonate precipitation changed as a function of temperature, depth from the surface, and in the presence of magnesium. Specifically, x-ray Diffraction (XRD), a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) were used to determine and quantify the presence of calcium carbonate and its associated phase. Results showed a direct relationship between temperature and precipitated calcium carbonate. In addition, as an unintended consequence associated with the treatment, ammonium …

Investigating Changes In Trends Of Traffic Crashes Due To Covid-19 Pandemic In Florida’S Freeways, Ntagwanko Kisabanzira

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak caused a shift in traffic patterns that have in turn influenced a change in traffic accident trends. Due to stay-at-home orders that were issued across the United States, transportation agencies reported low traffic demands on highways after the pandemic outbreak. Low traffic volumes are associated with relatively higher speeds that are linked to increased severity of crashes. Several states reported an increase in fatal crashes after the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. This paper evaluates the traffic crash trends on three interstates in Florida (I-10, I-75, and I-95) and sheds light on what happened before, during, …