Civil Engineering Commons^™

Generic Incident Model For Investigating Traffic Incident Impacts On Evacuation Times In Large-Scale Emergencies, Andrew J. Collins, Peter Foytik, Erika Frydenlund, R. Michael Robinson, Craig A. Jordan

VMASC Publications

Traffic incidents cause a ripple effect of reduced travel speeds, lane changes, and the pursuit of alternative routes that results in gridlock on the immediately affected and surrounding roadways. The disruptions caused by the secondary effects significantly degrade travel time reliability, which is of great concern to the emergency planners who manage evacuations. Outcomes forecast by a generic incident model embedded in a microscopic evacuation simulation, the Real-Time Evacuation Planning Model (RtePM), were examined to quantify the change in time required for an emergency evacuation that results from traffic incidents. The incident model considered vehicle miles traveled on each individual …

Study On Surface Permeability Of Concrete Under Immersion, Jun Liu, Feng Xing, Biqin Dong, Hongyan Ma, Dong Pan

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

In this paper, concrete specimens are immersed in ultrapure water, to study the evolutions of surface permeability, pore structure and paste microstructure following the prolonging of immersion period. According to the results, after 30-day immersion, the surface permeability of concrete becomes higher as compared with the value before immersion. However, further immersion makes the surface permeability decrease, so that the value measured after 150-day immersion is only half that measured after 30-day immersion. The early increase in surface permeability should be mainly attributed to the leaching of calcium hydroxide, while the later decrease to the refinement of pore structure due …

Effect Of Crumb Rubber Dissolution On Low-Temperature Performance And Aging Of Asphalt-Rubber Binder, Amir Ghavibazoo, Magdy Abdelrahman

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Asphalt binder plays a critical role in defining the low-temperature performance of asphalt pavement, and, therefore, enhancing its mechanical behavior at low service temperatures through modification always has been of great interest. Crumb rubber modification of asphalt is one of the common practices in the industry. However, the effect of a crumb rubber modifier (CRM) on low-temperature performance of the binder is not well understood. A CRM swells by absorbing the aromat-ics and light molecular components of asphalt at low interaction temperatures (i.e., 160°C) and dissolves at higher interaction temperatures (i.e., 190°C, 220°C). Each of those activities affects the performance …

Effects Of Interaction Conditions On Internal Network Structure Of Crumb Rubber-Modified Asphalts, Mohyeldin Ragab, Magdy Abdelrahman

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

Investigation of the effect of interaction conditions on the development of the internal network structure of crumb rubber-modified asphalt (CRMA) was carried out. Enhancements in the CRMA physical properties, such as stiffness, expressed in the complex modulus (G*), and elasticity, expressed in the phase angle (δ), as a result of the development of three-dimensional (3-D) entangled network structure were achieved. These results came from controlling the interaction conditions of CRMA synthesis to regulate the crumb rubber-modified (CRM) components that were responsible for the formation of the 3-1) entangled network structure. Dissolution tests and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed on the …

Parametric Analysis Of Resilient Modulus Modeling For Recycled Asphalt Pavement In Base Layer, Ehab Noureldin, Magdy Abdelrahman

Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering Faculty Research & Creative Works

The resilient modulus (M_R) has been found to be the most important parameter in the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) for the base layer. A literature review showed that the use of recycled asphalt pavement (RAP) in the base layer had many economic and structural benefits. The prediction of M_R with the specific MEPDG model for the base layer mixed with RAP was found to be reliable for several field conditions. However, further studies of the MEPDG model are needed for an understanding of the physical meaning of each parameter in the model. The most important factor …

The Effects Of Rain On Traffic Safety And Operations On Florida Freeways, Michelle L. Angel

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Although the association between weather and traffic variables or crash events appear intuitive to motorists, quantifying the effects that weather, especially rain, has on driver response in travel speeds, traffic demands, and susceptibility of accident occurrence is needed to evaluate practical aspects of traffic operations and safety measures. Previous studies have researched driver responses to inclement weather on roadways located primarily in northern and western regions of the United States (U.S.), Canada, and Europe. However, driver familiarity to local weather conditions is a factor that should be considered in determining inclement weather effects on traffic variables and crash occurrence. This …

Rapid Repair Of Severely Damaged Rc Columns Under Combined Loading Of Flexure, Shear, And Torsion With Externally Bonded Cfrp, Ruili He

Doctoral Dissertations

"This research aimed to develop a technique to rapidly repair reinforced concrete (RC) bridge columns for emergency service restoration after severe earthquake damage has occurred. Experimental and analytical studies were conducted to study the performance and effectiveness of the proposed repair method. The experimental study included a series of 1/2-scale RC square bridge columns originally tested to failure under constant axial and increasing cyclic lateral loadings resulting in combined flexure, shear, and torsion with different torsional-to-flexural moment ratios. Using externally bonded carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets, each column was repaired over a 3-day period and then retested under the …

Longitudinal Analysis Of Crash Frequency Data, Mojtaba Ale Mohammadi

Doctoral Dissertations

"This study comprises mainly of three papers. First, a systematic evaluation of the effects of Missouri's Strategic Highway Safety Plan between 2004 and 2007 is presented. Negative binomial regression models were developed for the before-through-change conditions for the various collision types and crash severities. The models were used to predict the expected number of crashes assuming with and without the implementation of MSHSP. This procedure estimated significant reductions of 10% in crashes frequency and a 30% reduction for fatal crashes. Reductions in the number of different collision types were estimated to be 18-37%. The results suggest that the MSHSP was …

Evaluation Of The Empirical Deck Design For Vehicular Bridges, Georges El-Gharib

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

This research evaluated the feasibility of the empirical design method for reinforced concrete bridge decks for the Florida Department of Transportation [FDOT]. There are currently three methods used for deck design: empirical method, traditional method and finite element method. This research investigated and compared the steel reinforcement ratios and the stress developed in the reinforcing steel for the three different methods of deck design. This study included analysis of 15 bridge models that met the FDOT standards. The main beams were designed and load rated using commercial software to obtain live load deflections. The bridges were checked to verify that …

Examining Optimal Form Of Two Scale Approximation (Tsa) For Calculating Snl Source Term, Dorukhan Ardag

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Nonlinear four-wave interactions (S_nl) are critical for acquiring realistic spectra needed by operational wave models. High computational demand to calculate these interactions led to an approximation method named the Discrete Interaction Approximation (DIA) to be used broadly in the major operational wave models for a long time. However, the accuracy of the DIA has been controversial since it was first introduced and more precise approximations such as the Two Scale Approximation (TSA in short) are now available. The only issue with the initial TSA`s efficiency is performing an order of a magnitude slower than the DIA in speed. …

Analysis Of A 10-Year Nearshore Wave Database And Its Implications To Littoral Processes, Luis Humberto Montoya

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The variability of the nearshore wave climate is investigated via the analysis of over 10 years of Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) data from a gauge deployed at Melbourne Beach, FL. Examples of large yearly variability in the significant wave height, peak period, mean direction and energy distribution are found in the data. Estimates of the averaged spectra for the entire record show that the average wave energy is distributed almost symmetrically with the peak being close to shore-normal. It was expected that the peak would be shifted towards the north of shore-normal considering net north to south longshore sediment …

Factors Affecting Storm Characteristics In The Battery And Vicinity, Shannon A. Kay

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Tropical cyclones (TCs) Irene and Sandy caused major damages in back to back years to the most densely populated city in the United States stunning the residents with storms linked to seemingly impossible probabilities. Such activity has raised questions about the effect of non-stationary aspects within atmospheric circulation on storm behavior and some assumptions inherent in previous hazard studies of the New York City (NYC) area. This study analyzes statistical aspects of hazard quantification for this area related to this non-stationarity and statistical characterization. In particular this study investigates the presence of multiple populations of storms, it also tests current …

Two Driven Pile Load Tests For Use In Missouri Lrfd Guidelines, Matthew Garry Stuckmeyer

Masters Theses

"A static pile load test program was initiated by the Missouri Department of Transportation (MoDOT) to evaluate the use of pile load tests in Missouri LRFD guidelines. The program's approach involves two phases to achieve the appropriate levels of reliability for driven piles in the state of Missouri. This thesis focuses on the data collection efforts of Phase 1. Two quick static pile load tests were performed to failure on test piles in the Southeast Lowlands geologic region of Missouri. The piles were dynamically monitored during installation and subsequent restrike tests performed. The results of the static and dynamic pile …

Pile Load Distribution Behavior Of Pile Group Foundations Subjected To Combined Vertical Load And Moment, Janine Correa Faustino

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The purpose of this thesis is to perform parametric studies of maximum pile force, pile settlement, pile cap rotation and pile force distribution on square shape pile group foundation by employing three-dimensional finite element software, PLAXIS 3D. The square pile group foundation is subjected to combined vertical load and moment under the elastic material of two soil layers. For this study, a special element in PLAXIS 3D, called embedded pile element is used to model each pile in the pile group foundation. To simulate the pile group foundation, a small gap between pile cap and subsoil is introduced in the …

ผลเฉลยสถานะวิบัติของเสาเข็มรับแรงดันด้านข้างในดินเหนียวโดยการวิเคราะห์ไฟไนต์อิลิเมนต์, สุรภาพ แก้วสวัสดิ์วงศ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

วัตถุประสงค์ของวิทยานิพนธ์นี้เพื่อศึกษาเสาเข็มแรงดันด้านข้างวิบัติในดินเหนียว วิธีไฟไนต์อิลิเมนต์สองมิติและสามมิติถูกนำมาใช้เพื่อหาผลเฉลยในการศึกษานี้ การวิเคราะห์ไฟไนต์อิลิเมนต์แบบสามมิติบนระนาบความเครียดถูกนำมาใช้สำหรับการจำลองหน้าตัดแนวราบและหน้าตัดแนวดิ่ง การจำลองหน้าตัดแนวราบแสดงการประมาณของเสาเข็มรูปวงกลมหรือท่อรับแรงด้านข้างที่จุดศูนย์กลาง ในทางกลับกัน การจำลองหน้าตัดแนวดิ่งแสดงการประมาณของกำแพงฝังในดินซึ่งรับแรงดันด้านข้างและโมเมนต์ที่จุดบนสุด สำหรับกรณีเสาเข็มหน้าตัดแนวดิ่งและเสาเข็มจริงในระบบสามมิติ ที่หัวเสาเข็มถูกจำลองโดยแบ่งออกเป็นสองกรณีคือกรณีที่มีการยึดรั้งที่หัวเสาเข็มและไม่ยึดรั้งที่หัวเสาเข็ม นอกเหนือจากนี้ ผลกระทบของความหนาสำหรับการจำลองเสาเข็มหน้าตัดแนวดิ่งก็ถูกนำมาศึกษาเช่นกัน สำหรับการวิเคราะห์ทั้งหมด เสาเข็มถูกจำลองด้วยวัสดุแบบอิลาสติกและไม่เกิดการวิบัติขึ้นในโครงสร้าง ดินเหนียวถูกจำลองด้วยวัสดุแบบมอร์-คูลอมบ์ในสภาพไม่ระบายน้ำ ชิ้นส่วนเชื่อมต่อระหว่างดินและโครงสร้างถูกใช้ที่ผิวสัมผัสระหว่างดินเหนียวและเสาเข็มของทั้งสองหน้าตัด นอกจากนั้น ชิ้นส่วนเชื่อมต่อระหว่างดินและโครงสร้างถูกจำลองเป็นสองแบบคือ การเชื่อมต่อแบบแรงดึงสมบูรณ์ และ การเชื่อมต่อแบบไม่มีแรงดึง กรณีแรกจำลองสภาพไม่เกิดการแยกตัวระหว่างดินและโครงสร้าง แต่กรณีสองจำลองสภาพการแยกตัวระหว่างดินและโครงสร้าง ผลเฉลยแรงวิบัติของเสาเข็มรับแรงด้านข้างถูกนำเสนอในรูปของพารามิเตอร์ไร้มิติ ผลการศึกษาของงานวิจัยนี้ถูกเปรียบเทียบกับผลการศึกษาในอดีต นอกเหนือจากนี้ เส้นขอบเขตการวิบัติของผลเฉลยของเสาเข็มรับแรงในแนวราบและโมเมนต์ร่วมกันสำหรับกรณีเสาเข็มหน้าตัดแนวดิ่งและเสาเข็มจริงในระบบสามมิติก็ถูกนำเสนอเช่นกัน ท้ายที่สุด ผลกระทบสามมิติที่มีต่อผลเฉลยของตัวแปรไร้มิติของเสาเข็มรับแรงดันด้านข้างก็ถูกนำเสนอในงานวิจัยนี้

เสถียรภาพแบบไม่ระบายน้ำของกำแพงกันดินเสาเข็มในดินเหนียว, กานต์ ถีระวงษ์

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

วิทยานิพนธ์นี้เสนอการศึกษาเสถียรภาพแบบไม่ระบายของกำแพงกันดินเสาเข็มสำหรับงานขุดในดินเหนียว ด้วยระเบียบวิธีไฟไนต์อิลิเมนต์สองและสามมิติ กำแพงกันดินและดินเหนียวถูกจำลองเป็นชิ้นส่วนแบบปริมาตร ชิ้นส่วนเชื่อมต่อระหว่างดินและโครงสร้างถูกนำมาใช้ที่ผิวสัมผัสระหว่างกำแพงและดินโดยรอบ ดินเหนียวถูกแบ่งเป็นสองชั้น คือ ดินเหนียวชั้นบนจะมีความลึกจากผิวดินจนถึงความลึกงานขุด และดินเหนียวชั้นล่างจะอยู่ตั้งแต่ความลึกงานขุดลงไป การศึกษานี้พิจารณาลักษณะการค้ำยันกำแพงในแนวระดับสี่ประเภทคือ กำแพงไม่มีการค้ำยัน กำแพงมีการค้ำยันที่จุดบนสุดของกำแพง กำแพงมีการค้ำยันที่จุดบนสุด และจุดกึ่งกลางที่ระยะครึ่งหนึ่งของความลึกงานขุดจากจุดบนสุดของกำแพง และกำแพงมีการค้ำยันต่อเนื่องตลอดฝั่งด้านเสาเข็มที่ขุดดินออก กำแพงกันดินเสาเข็มถูกจำลองเป็นวัสดุอิลาสติก ดินเหนียวถูกจำลองด้วยวัสดุมอห์ร-คูลอมบ์ที่สภาวะไม่ระบายน้ำ การจำลองสภาพวิบัติของระเบียบวิธีไฟไนต์อิลิเมนต์ใช้หลักการลดทอนกำลัง ผลการศึกษาถูกเสนอเป็นแผนภูมิออกแบบของตัวเลขเสถียรภาพที่สัมพันธ์กับพารามิเตอร์ไร้มิติของขนาดรูปร่างของกำแพงกันดิน งานขุด และคุณสมบัติดิน การเปรียบเทียบผลเฉลยกรณีกำแพงมีการค้ำยันต่อเนื่องแบบสองมิติของการศึกษานี้กับผลเฉลยจากวิธีวิเคราะห์ในอดีตแสดงความสอดคล้องกัน นอกจากนั้นยังได้เสนอสมการผลเฉลยเพื่อความสะดวกในการใช้งานผลการศึกษาจากแผนภูมิออกแบบ

Laboratory Investigation And Numerical Modelling Of Track Foundation For High-Speed Railway Construction On Bangkok Soft Soil, Phitsanu Pholkainuwatra

Chulalongkorn University Theses and Dissertations (Chula ETD)

The government of Thailand has recently decided to launch a high-speed railway project to promote regional economy and improve the logistics of trade to connect with other countries in Southeast Asia community. Raising a complication regarding the load transfers will certainly induce many problems to the railway system. Moreover, the constructions of railway substructures in the past often involve the low quality of materials especially in the Central Plain of Thailand. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the sources of construction materials for railway substructure materials. This study consists of two main objectives. The first objective is to investigate the …

Permit Tool: Development Of An Algorithm To Determine Performance Life Of Hma Mixes In Texas, Luis Alberto Torres Escobedo

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

A number of hot mix asphalt (HMA) types, such as permeable friction course (PFC), stone mastic asphalt (SMA), performance design mixes and conventional dense graded mixes are currently used to construct or overlay Texas roads. One of the important inputs into current pavement design programs used by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT) is the performance lives of HMA mixes. To determine the best mix type for a particular job or to analyze the performance of a mix or a road, a new system can be developed to rationally quantify the HMA mix performance. This system must have access to …

Transatlantic Maritime Transportation Between The Czech Republic And The United States, Petr Toman

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

Maritime transportation is the backbone of today´s world trade and therefore there special attention should be paid to all subjects concerning this mode of transportation. It is also necessary to complement maritime transportation by other modes, such as rail and/or truck (road). This thesis deals with the problems of maritime transportation and provides the summary of recent developments, trends and statistics mainly on Transatlantic maritime routes (Europe to U.S.). Besides maritime transportation, this thesis also reviews the trends and statistics of rail and truck (road) transportation in U.S. and Europe.

The second part of thesis seeks to create a mathematical …

An Explanatory And Comparative Analysis Of Freight Transportation In Eu And U.S. Highways, Luis Alberto Hernandez

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

This thesis provides resources for data collection regarding road freight transportation in the Unites States and the European Union, as well as an explanatory description of data available at each source. Afterwards, individual analysis of the current state of affairs of the highway freight transportation systems in U.S. and EU are performed. Thereafter, an explanatory and comparative analysis between the two land freight transportation systems is performed in terms of regulatory authorities and associations, trucks volume flow, freight weight and volume flow, major issues affecting the system, infrastructure funding sources, and major logistics hubs. Besides, a correlation analysis was performed …