Other Food Science Commons^™

The Physical And Chemical Characteristics Of Lards And Other Fats In Relation To Their Culinary Value I. Shortening Value In Pastry And Cookies, Belle Lowe, P. Mabel Nelson, J. H. Buchanan

Research Bulletin (Iowa Agriculture and Home Economics Experiment Station)

These studies on the relationship of the physical and chemical characteristics and constants of lards and other fats to their culinary value were started during the fall of 1932 and completed during the summer of 1937.

The culinary tests were divided into three groups as follows: 1. The shortening power of lards and other fats in pastry and cookies. 2. the use of lards and other fats in plain cake, 3. the frying life of lards compared with other fats.

This section of the report presents the studies relating to the shortening value of lards as compared with other fats ...

De Tapas Por La Ciudad Condal, Juanjo Marco

Juanjo Marco

Postharvest Quality And Physiology Of ‘Fuji’ Apples Subjected To Phytosanitary Irradiation, Nasim Kheshti, Alan Baquero, Anderson Melo, Anuradha Prakash

Student Research Day Abstracts and Posters

Irradiation is an effective treatment to sterilize and destroy insect pests on fresh fruit. It serves as an alternative to cold treatment and to fumigation which are time consuming and ozone depleting, respectively. In this study, the postharvest quality of Fuji apples was evaluated after irradiation at 400 Gy and 800 Gy. The quality of the apples which were stored at 1˚C for 7 days to mimic ground transportation and distribution and then at ambient temperature for another 7 days to mimic retail storage and consumer use, was assessed. Irradiation caused an immediate decrease in firmness by 12% at ...

Developments And Properties Of Plastic Mimicking Biopolymers For Food Packaging Application, Daniel I. Hefft

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Sustainability takes an ever increasing importance in the food industry. Here not only the selection of raw materials plays a role, but also packaging materials. Nowadays there is an increasing number of biodegradable and bio-compostable packaging materials available.

However, these materials are still not able to replace mineral oil based packaging materials completely, nevertheless they are becoming increasingly important, since there must be solutions to problems such as pollution of the oceans by plastic waste, growing piles of rubbish from growing population, etc.

The following literature review shows briefly recent developments on plastic mimicking biopolymers, as these materials guarantee great ...

Atmospheric Cold Plasma Dissipation Efficiency Of Agrochemicals On Blueberries, Chaitanya Sarangapani, Grainne O'Toole, Paula Bourke, Patrick Cullen

Articles

Cold plasma has emerged as a potential bio-decontamination technology for microbial and chemical risks associated with food products such as fruits and vegetables. This study investigated the efficacy of cold plasma treatment for the degradation of pesticides (boscalid and Imidacloprid) on blueberries in tandem with the need to retain critical quality attributes of a fresh high value berry product post treatment. An in-package high voltage dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor was employed for this study. The degradation efficacy of pesticides after 80 kV and 5 min of cold plasma treatment were found to be 80.18% for boscalid and 75 ...

Homocysteine Metabolism And Its Relation To Health And Disease., Kelly T. Williams, Buddhi P. Lamsal

Buddhi P. Lamsal

Homocysteine is a metabolic intermediate in methyl group metabolism that is dependent on a number of nutritional B-vitamin cofactors. An emerging aspect of homocysteine metabolism is its relation to health and disease. Perturbations of homocysteine metabolism, particularly intracellular and subsequently circulating accumulation of homocysteine (i.e., hyperhomocysteinemia), are associated with vascular disease risk, as well as other pathologies. However, intervention with B-vitamin supplementation has been shown to successfully restore normal homocysteine concentrations, but without concomitant reductions in disease risk. Thus, the mechanistic relation between homocysteine balance and disease states, as well as the value of homocysteine management, remains an area ...

Producing Food Packaging Printing Ink Via Green Emulsion Aggregation Method, Maryam Ataeefard, Shohre Rouhani

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Digital printing will become more and more important in the packaging industry. Digital printing technology is growing because it allows the print suppliers to improve the level of service they offering to their customers, as well as, it opens new opportunities and helps them to make more money. Additives, dyestuffs, resin and other chemicals in packaging printing ink may influence safety of the food. Therefore, choosing suitable materials are very important in food packing ink. Over the last years, many printing ink manufacturers moved toward more sustainable inks. Drivers for this development, besides the resource scarcity and a higher legislative ...

Investigating The Utilization Of Mushrooms In Beef-Based Products For Improved Health, Kristin Wong

Masters Theses May 2014 - current

This research investigated the use of mushrooms in beef-based products as a means to reduce overall sodium and fat for food service applications. Initial product development used physical characterization analysis (color, moisture, texture, yield, fat, and sodium) to determine initial threshold of mushroom inclusion with minimal differences against an all-meat control. Additional physical analysis then investigated a variety of other factors (mushroom type, blanching, mushroom particle size, salt level, and meat/fat blend) to determine if there were other attributing ingredient characteristics that would yield statistical similarity to the all-meat control. Taco filling formulations with optimized ingredients were then fielded ...

Effects Of Transportation Hazards On High Barrier Flexible Packaging Films, Kyle Dunno

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Two flexible food packaging barrier material film structures were employed for this research study to evaluate the effects of over-the-road truck transport. The films containing different barrier materials, ethylene-vinyl alcohol (EVOH) or aluminum oxide (AlOx), were selected based on their abundant use within the flexible food packaging arena. Pouches were formed and filled with tomato paste before being thermally processed then palletized for shipment. Pouches were shipped over-the-road via truck transport a distance of 2,500 miles. After transport, the oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of the pouches located on the bottom and top layers of the palletized loads were obtained ...

Edible Insects As A Source Of Food Allergens, Lee Palmer

Dissertations, Theses, & Student Research in Food Science and Technology

Increasing global population increasingly limited by resources has spurred interest in novel food sources. Insects may be an alternative food source in the near future, but consideration of insects as a food requires scrutiny due to risk of allergens. Currently, the insect Dactylopius coccus, known as cochineal, is used to produce carmine, a natural red pigment used in food, which has caused allergic reactions. This study investigated allergens of cochineal focusing on purification from the pigment. Mass spectrometry identified a previously described major allergen of cochineal and a tropomyosin, although further work is required.

Tropomyosin is a major cross-reactive allergen ...

Tissue-Specific Alterations Of Methyl Group Metabolism With Dna Hypermethylation In The Zucker (Type 2) Diabetic Fatty Rat., Kelly T. Williams, Kevin Schalinske

Kevin Schalinske

BackgroundAltered methyl group and homocysteine metabolism were tissue-specific, persistent, and preceded hepatic DNA hypomethylation in type 1 diabetic rats. Similar metabolic perturbations have been shown in the Zucker (type 2) diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat in the pre-diabetic and early diabetic stages, but tissue specificity and potential impact on epigenetic marks are unknown, particularly during pathogenesis.

Methods ZDF (fa/fa) and lean (+/?) control rats were killed at 12 and 21 weeks of age, representing early and advanced diabetic conditions. Blood and tissues were analysed with respect to methyl group and homocysteine metabolism, including DNA methylation.

Results At 12 weeks, hepatic ...

Mapping Of Iron And Zinc Quantitative Trait Loci In Soybean For Association To Iron Deficiency Chlorosis Resistance, Keith E. King, Gregory A. Peiffer, Manju B. Reddy, Nick Lauter, Shun Fu Lin, Silvia R. Cianzio, Randy C. Shoemaker

Manju B. Reddy

Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) in soybean results in yield losses or in extreme cases death. Breeding for resistance has shown limited success with no cultivar having complete resistance. Mineral content of the soybean could be an indicator of the ability of the plant to withstand the effects of IDC. Iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) concentration was examined in soybean seed and leaves. SSR, RFLP, and BARCSOYSSR markers were used to construct a linkage map used for mapping of Fe and Zn concentrations. The QTL analysis for the combined data identified one major QTL for seed Fe accumulation on chromosome 20 ...

Echinacea Sanguinea And Echinacea Pallida Extracts Stimulate Glucuronidation And Basolateral Transfer Of Bauer Alkamides 8 And 10 And Ketone 24 And Inhibit P-Glycoprotein Transporter In Caco-2 Cells, Zhiyi Qiang, Catharine Hauck, Joe-Ann Mccoy, Mark P. Widrlechner, Manju B. Reddy, Patricia A. Murphy, Suzanne Hendrich

Manju B. Reddy

The use of Echinacea as a medicinal herb is prominent in the United States, and many studies have assessed the effectiveness of Echinacea as an immunomodulator. We hypothesized that Bauer alkamides 8, 10, and 11 and ketone 24 were absorbed similarly either as pure compounds or from Echinacea sanguinea and Echinacea pallida ethanol extracts, and that these Echinacea extracts could inhibit the P-glycoprotein transporter in Caco-2 human intestinal epithelial cells. Using HPLC analysis, the permeation rate of Bauer alkamides by passive diffusion across Caco-2 cells corresponded with compound hydrophilicity (alkamide 8 > 10 > 11), independent of the plant extract matrix. Both ...

National Food Safety: Training, Education, Extension, Outreach, And Technical Assistance Program And The National Curriculum Stand For Food Protection Professionals, Gerald Wojtala

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

No abstract provided.

Assessing Georgia Consumer Attitudes And Beliefs About Locally Or Regionally Produced Livestock And Products, Jannette R. Bartlett, Reem I. Omer, Akua Adu-Gyamfi, David Nii O. Tackie, Francisca A. Quarcoo, Bridget J. Perry

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

Abstract

Interest in local and regional food production has been growing in the last few years. The study, therefore, assessed consumer attitudes and beliefs regarding local or regional livestock products. Data were obtained from a convenience sample of 384 participants from several counties of Georgia, and were analyzed by descriptive statistics, including chi-square tests. A majority of respondents thought using chemicals and additives in locally or regionally produced beef or goat meat was a serious or somewhat serious hazard. Consequently, many were willing to pay more for meat certified as locally or regionally produced. Furthermore, a majority agreed or strongly ...

Improve Food Safety Of Chinese Restaurants In Kansas Through Multicultural Intervening Measures, Shijun Yan, Autumn Schuck

Institute for Student Learning Assessment

Chinese restaurants' food safety problems have attracted the attention of food safety regulators. According to the many feedback of the state food safety inspectors, there are more problems in the operations of Chinese restaurants than in those others. The probability of repeating the same mistakes is also high in the review of the violation items in the inspection reports. Due to the number of violating behaviors in Chinese restaurants, food safety inspectors have to do many follow-up inspections, and this causes much waste of human resources.

The purpose of this study was to enable Chinese restaurant practitioners to understand US ...

Testing Predictions Used To Build An Agrivoltaics Installation On A Small-Scale Educational Model, Katie Kinney, Rebecca Minor, Greg Barron-Gafford

STAR (STEM Teacher and Researcher) Presentations

Models are valuable tools for explaining and testing systems. Small-scale models can be especially useful for educational purposes. For models to be useful, they have to accurately depict the larger system that they are describing. A novel man-made system, known as an agrivoltaic structure, is being constructed at Biosphere 2 near Oracle, Arizona. The word agrivoltaic is a combination of agriculture and photovoltaics, or solar farming. My research involved creating a small-scale version of this system for educational purposes. The model of this system tested two predictions: that plants will grow better in the shade of a panel and that ...

What Is The Taste Of Co2? The Sustainability Of Icelandic Food Systems In The Face Of Climate Change, Molly Peek

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

Food security in the arctic and subarctic is an area of growing research and concern as climate change continues to alter the availability of traditional foods eaten in remote areas, especially as shipping food has questionable sustainability and contributes to rising CO2 levels. Previous research has noted changes in the Icelandic diet making it more reliant on foreign imports, although there is still strong localized agriculture. Because of its geothermal activity, Iceland has a unique advantage over other highlatitude countries in growing food with a minimal carbon footprint, although that potential is unequal throughout the country. This study utilized available ...

Local, Organic, Inexpensive And Safe: Can Large Retailers Do It All?, Henry An, Sebastien Pouliot, Richard Volpe

Sebastien Pouliot

One of the most important changes in the food industry in recent decades has been the increase in retailer concentration at the national level. The trade publication Progressive Grocer releases the Super 50 annually, a ranking of the 50 largest food retailers in the U.S., by receipts. In 1997 the top 5 retailers controlled 24 percent of the national market. By 2004 this figure was 46 percent and by 2010, 61 percent.1 Much of this change has been driven by waves of mergers and acquisitions (Franklin, 2001), but it is impossible to overlook the role that big box ...

Welfare Effects Of Mandatory Traceability When Firms Are Heterogeneous, Sebastien Pouliot

Sebastien Pouliot

We develop a framework in which the cost of producing a quantity food and the cost of food safety differs across firms. We show that large firms may supply the safest food even though small firms have a cost advantage in producing safe food. The model shows that mandatory traceability can decrease the overall safety of food when small firms that supply the safest food exit the industry. Our model applies to food safety but can be applied to a wide range of issues related to regulation and product quality.