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2008

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Articles 241 - 263 of 263

Full-Text Articles in Life Sciences

Effect Of Two Milling Techniques And Flours Particle Size On Some, Theodore N'Dede Djeni Dec 2007

Effect Of Two Milling Techniques And Flours Particle Size On Some, Theodore N'Dede Djeni

Theodore N'Dede Djeni

Two techniques of milling (milling with wooden mortar and milling with hammer grinder) for the production of millet flours were compared in term of physical, biochemical and nutritional aspects and digestibility of the produced flours. A batch of millet grains with candle (Pennisetum glaucum L. R.BR) was purchased from a local market for flour production, while the flour digestibility tests were achieved with an enzymatic crude extract get from gastric juice of and snails (Archachatina marginata). The different rough flours obtained from both milling techniques showed significant differences (p<0.05) in their granulometric profiles and their biochemical composition. The mortar …


Common Pathophysiologic Mechanisms In Migraine And Epilepsy, Michael A. Rogawski Dec 2007

Common Pathophysiologic Mechanisms In Migraine And Epilepsy, Michael A. Rogawski

Michael A. Rogawski

Migraine and epilepsy are comorbid episodic disorders that have common pathophysiologic mechanisms. Migraine attacks, like epileptic seizures, may be triggered by excessive neocortical cellular excitability; in migraine, however, the hyperexcitability is believed to transition to cortical spreading depression rather than to the hypersynchronous activity that characterizes seizures. Some forms of epilepsy and migraine are known to be channelopathies. Mutations in the same genes can cause either migraine or epilepsy or, in some cases, both. Given the likely commonalities in the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, it is not surprising that some antiepileptic drugs, including valproate, topiramate, and gabapentin, are effective …


Discordance In The Paraoxonase (Pon1)-192qr Polymorphism, Rozaida @ Poh Yuen Ying Dec 2007

Discordance In The Paraoxonase (Pon1)-192qr Polymorphism, Rozaida @ Poh Yuen Ying

Rozaida @ Poh Yuen Ying

Paraoxonase (PON1) has been implicated to have a cardioprotective role, due to its physical attachment with high-density lipoprotein. PON1192QR is a variation of the PON1 gene, the R allele being a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Kinetic studies resulting in a plot of paraoxon versus diazoxon hydrolysis rates may be used to accurately predict PON1192 geno-type. In this study, paraoxonase and diazoxonase activities in plasma were measured spec-trophotometrically using plasma while PCR-based PON1192 genotyping was performed us-ing polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction digestion. The two-substrate assay-derived genotypes were cross-referred with those determined by PCR-based genotyping. When results did not …


Strain-Dependent Relationship Between Growth Rate And Hyphal Branching In Neurospora Crassa, Michael K. Watters, Erik Lindamood, Margaret Meunich, Ryan Vetor Dec 2007

Strain-Dependent Relationship Between Growth Rate And Hyphal Branching In Neurospora Crassa, Michael K. Watters, Erik Lindamood, Margaret Meunich, Ryan Vetor

Michael Watters

In a previous study of branch frequency in Neurospora crassa focused on the wild-type, no relationship between growth rate and the frequency of hyphal branching was observed. In subsequent experiments, it became clear that while this independence is valid for the wild type and most mutant strains, it fails to hold for a subset of morphological mutants. This study distinguishes a subset of Neurospora morphological mutants for their morphological response to altered growth rate. Growth rates are altered using two different methods: reduced temperature and nutrient-deficient media. This should assure that the observed effect is not due to simple conditional …


Evidence Of Population-Level Lateralized Behaviour In Giant Water Bugs, Belostoma Flumineum Say (Heteroptera: Belostomatidae): T-Maze Turning Is Left Biased, Scott Kight Dec 2007

Evidence Of Population-Level Lateralized Behaviour In Giant Water Bugs, Belostoma Flumineum Say (Heteroptera: Belostomatidae): T-Maze Turning Is Left Biased, Scott Kight

Scott Kight

Lateralized behaviour occurs in diverse animals, but relatively few studies examine the phenomenon in invertebrates. Here we report a population-level left turn bias in the giant water bug Belostoma flumineum Say (Heteroptera: Belostomatidae) in an underwater T-maze. Individuals made significantly more left turns than right turns, including when they were na ̈ıve and first introduced to the maze. Water bugs also showed significantly longer runs of consecutive left turns than right turns (i.e. LLLLL). The length of these runs, however, did not increase with experience in the maze, suggesting that the effect is not the result of learning. There were …


Prescribed Fire, Snag Population Dynamics, And Avian Nest Site Selection, Karen Bagne, Kathryn Purcell, John T. Rotenberry Dec 2007

Prescribed Fire, Snag Population Dynamics, And Avian Nest Site Selection, Karen Bagne, Kathryn Purcell, John T. Rotenberry

Karen Bagne

No abstract provided.


Predicting Human Brain Activity Associated With The Meanings Of Nouns, Tom M. Mitchell, Svetlana V. Shinkareva, Andrew Carlson, Kai-Min Chang, Vicente L. Malave, Robert A. Mason, Marcel Adam Just Dec 2007

Predicting Human Brain Activity Associated With The Meanings Of Nouns, Tom M. Mitchell, Svetlana V. Shinkareva, Andrew Carlson, Kai-Min Chang, Vicente L. Malave, Robert A. Mason, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.


La Desnutrición Infantil En México En Perspectiva Internacional: 1988-2006, Rodrigo Garcia-Verdu Dec 2007

La Desnutrición Infantil En México En Perspectiva Internacional: 1988-2006, Rodrigo Garcia-Verdu

Rodrigo Garcia-Verdu

No abstract provided.


Impact Of An External Energy On Yersinia Enterocolitica [Atcc –23715] In Relation To Antibiotic Susceptibility And Biochemical Reactions: An Experimental Study, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Shrikant Patil Dec 2007

Impact Of An External Energy On Yersinia Enterocolitica [Atcc –23715] In Relation To Antibiotic Susceptibility And Biochemical Reactions: An Experimental Study, Mahendra Kumar Trivedi, Shrikant Patil

Mahendra Kumar Trivedi

Background :
While spiritual and mental energies are known to man, their impact has never been scientifically measurable in the material world and they remain outside the domain of science. The present experiments on Yersinia enterocolitica [ATCC –23715], report the effects of such energy transmitted through a person, Mr. Mahendrakumar Trivedi, which has produced an impact measurable in scientifically rigorous manner.

Methods:
Yersinia enterocolitica strains in revived and lyophilized state were subjected to spiritual energy transmitted through thought intervention and/or physical touch of Mr. Trivedi to the sealed tubes containing strain and were analyzed within 10 days after incubation. …


The Dynamic Evolutionary History Of The Bananaquit (Coereba Flaveola) In The Caribbean Revealed By A Multigene Analysis, Eva Bellemain, Eldredge Bermingham, Robert E. Ricklefs Dec 2007

The Dynamic Evolutionary History Of The Bananaquit (Coereba Flaveola) In The Caribbean Revealed By A Multigene Analysis, Eva Bellemain, Eldredge Bermingham, Robert E. Ricklefs

Robert Ricklefs

Background
The bananaquit (Coereba flaveola) is a small nectivorous and frugivorous emberizine bird (order Passeriformes) that is an abundant resident throughout the Caribbean region. We used multi-gene analyses to investigate the evolutionary history of this species throughout its distribution in the West Indies and in South and Middle America. We sequenced six mitochondrial genes (3744 base pairs) and three nuclear genes (2049 base pairs) for forty-four bananaquits and three outgroup species. We infer the ancestral area of the present-day bananaquit populations, report on the species' phylogenetic, biogeographic and evolutionary history, and propose scenarios for its diversification and range …


Puf1p Acts In Combination With Other Yeast Puf Proteins To Control Mrna Stability, Wendy Olivas, Randi J. Ulbricht Dec 2007

Puf1p Acts In Combination With Other Yeast Puf Proteins To Control Mrna Stability, Wendy Olivas, Randi J. Ulbricht

Wendy Olivas

The eukaryotic Puf proteins bind 3′ untranslated region (UTR) sequence elements to regulate the stability and translation of their target transcripts, and such regulatory events are critical for cell growth and development. Several global genome analyses have identified hundreds of potential mRNA targets of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Puf proteins; however, only three mRNA targets for these proteins have been characterized thus far. After direct testing of nearly 40 candidate mRNAs, we established two of these as true mRNA targets of Puf-mediated decay in yeast, HXK1 and TIF1. In a novel finding, multiple Puf proteins, including Puf1p, regulate both of these …


The Plant Ontology Database: A Community Resource For Plant Structure And Developmental Stages Controlled Vocabulary And Annotations, Shulamit Avraham, Chih-Wei Tung, Katica Ilic, Pankaj Jaiswal, Elizabeth A. Kellogg, Susan Mccouch, Anuradha Pujar, Leonore Reiser, Seung Yon Rhee, Martin M. Sachs, Mary L. Schaeffer, Lincoln Stein, Peter Stevens, Leszek Vincent, Felipe Zapata, Doreen Ware Dec 2007

The Plant Ontology Database: A Community Resource For Plant Structure And Developmental Stages Controlled Vocabulary And Annotations, Shulamit Avraham, Chih-Wei Tung, Katica Ilic, Pankaj Jaiswal, Elizabeth A. Kellogg, Susan Mccouch, Anuradha Pujar, Leonore Reiser, Seung Yon Rhee, Martin M. Sachs, Mary L. Schaeffer, Lincoln Stein, Peter Stevens, Leszek Vincent, Felipe Zapata, Doreen Ware

Peter Stevens

The Plant Ontology Consortium (POC, http://www.plantontology.org ) is a collaborative effort among model plant genome databases and plant researchers that aims to create, maintain and facilitate the use of a controlled vocabulary (ontology) for plants. The ontology allows users to ascribe attributes of plant structure (anatomy and morphology) and developmental stages to data types, such as genes and phenotypes, to provide a semantic framework to make meaningful cross-species and database comparisons. The POC builds upon groundbreaking work by the Gene Ontology Consortium (GOC) by adopting and extending the GOC's principles, existing software and database structure. Over the past year, POC …


Multibiomarker Approach In Fish To Assess The Impact Of Pollution In A Large Brazilian River, Paraiba Do Sul, Ana Rosa Linde Arias Dec 2007

Multibiomarker Approach In Fish To Assess The Impact Of Pollution In A Large Brazilian River, Paraiba Do Sul, Ana Rosa Linde Arias

Ana Rosa Linde Arias

No abstract provided.


Biomarkers In An Invasive Fish Species, Oreochromis Niloticus, To Assess The Effects Of Pollution In A Highly Degraded Brazilian River, Ana Rosa Linde Arias Dec 2007

Biomarkers In An Invasive Fish Species, Oreochromis Niloticus, To Assess The Effects Of Pollution In A Highly Degraded Brazilian River, Ana Rosa Linde Arias

Ana Rosa Linde Arias

No abstract provided.


Functional Generalized Linear Models With Applications To Neuroimaging, Philip T. Reiss, R. Todd Ogden Dec 2007

Functional Generalized Linear Models With Applications To Neuroimaging, Philip T. Reiss, R. Todd Ogden

Philip T. Reiss

No abstract provided.


Tetra-N-Butyl­Ammonium Bis­(2,2-Dicyano­Ethyl­Ene-1,1-Dithiol­Ato)Palladium(Ii), Nyasha Kanganga, Kent R. Mann, Daron E. Janzen Dec 2007

Tetra-N-Butyl­Ammonium Bis­(2,2-Dicyano­Ethyl­Ene-1,1-Dithiol­Ato)Palladium(Ii), Nyasha Kanganga, Kent R. Mann, Daron E. Janzen

Daron E Janzen, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.


Tetra-N-Butyl-Ammonium Bis-(1,1-Dicyano-Ethyl-Ene-2,2-Dithiol-Ato)Platinum(Ii), Nyasha Kanganga, Kent R. Mann, Daron E. Janzen Dec 2007

Tetra-N-Butyl-Ammonium Bis-(1,1-Dicyano-Ethyl-Ene-2,2-Dithiol-Ato)Platinum(Ii), Nyasha Kanganga, Kent R. Mann, Daron E. Janzen

Daron E Janzen, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.


Pisciforma, Setisura, And Furcatergalia (Order: Ephemeroptera) Are Not Monophyletic Based On 18s Rdna Sequences: A Reply To Sun Et Al. (2006), T. Heath Ogden Dec 2007

Pisciforma, Setisura, And Furcatergalia (Order: Ephemeroptera) Are Not Monophyletic Based On 18s Rdna Sequences: A Reply To Sun Et Al. (2006), T. Heath Ogden

T. Heath Ogden

No abstract provided.


Molecules, Morphology And Fossils: A Comprehensive Approach To Odonate Phylogeny And The Evolution Of The Odonate Wing, T. Heath Ogden Dec 2007

Molecules, Morphology And Fossils: A Comprehensive Approach To Odonate Phylogeny And The Evolution Of The Odonate Wing, T. Heath Ogden

T. Heath Ogden

We undertook a comprehensive morphological and molecular phylogenetic analysis of dragonfly phylogeny, examining both extant and fossil lineages in simultaneous analyses. The legitimacy of higher-level family groups and the phylogenetic relationship between families were tested. Thirteen families were supported as monophyletic (Aeshnidae, Calopterygidae, Chlorocyphidae, Euphaeidae, Gomphidae, Isostictidae, Lestidae, Libellulidae, Petaluridae, Platystictidae, Polythoridae, Pseudostigmatidae and Synthemistidae) and eight as non-monophyletic (Amphipterygidae, Coenagrionidae, Corduliidae, Megapodagrionidae, Protoneuridae and Synlestidae), although Perilestidae and Platycnemididae were recovered as monophyletic under Bayesian analyses. Nine families were represented by one species, thus monophyly was not tested (Epiophlebiidae, Austropetaliidae, Chlorogomphidae, Cordulegastridae, Macromiidae, Chorismagrionidae, Diphlebiidae, Lestoideidae and Pseudolestidae). Epiprocta …


The Role Of The Amygdala In Implicit Evaluation Of Emotionally Neutral Faces., Alex Todorov, Andrew D. Engell Dec 2007

The Role Of The Amygdala In Implicit Evaluation Of Emotionally Neutral Faces., Alex Todorov, Andrew D. Engell

Andrew D. Engell

The amygdala is involved in the evaluation of novel stimuli, including faces. We examined whether the amygdala is engaged during the evaluation of emotionally neutral faces along trait-specific dimensions such as trustworthiness and attractiveness or along a general valence dimension. Using behavioral data from evaluation of faces on 14 trait dimensions and fMRI data from an implicit evaluation paradigm, we show that the extent to which the amygdala responds to variations of faces on specific dimensions is a function of the valence content of these dimensions. Variations on dimensions with clear valence connotations (e.g. trustworthiness) engaged the amygdala more strongly …


An Update On The Diversity Of Wolbachia In Spalangia Spp. (Hymneoptera: Pteromalidae)., K. D. Floate, P. C. Coghlin, David B. Taylor Dec 2007

An Update On The Diversity Of Wolbachia In Spalangia Spp. (Hymneoptera: Pteromalidae)., K. D. Floate, P. C. Coghlin, David B. Taylor

David B. Taylor

Results from 13 additional host populations improves resolution on the diversity of Wolbachia bacteria in Spalangia spp. (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). These bacteria are of interest because they can profoundly affect their host’s reproduction. Manipulating Wolbachia infections may provide a method to improve the efficacy of biocontrol agents including Spalangia spp.


Fibronectin In Aging Extracellular Matrix Fibrils Is Progressively Unfolded By Cells And Elicits An Enhanced Rigidity Response, M. Antia, G. Baneyx, Kristopher E. Kubow, V. Vogel Dec 2007

Fibronectin In Aging Extracellular Matrix Fibrils Is Progressively Unfolded By Cells And Elicits An Enhanced Rigidity Response, M. Antia, G. Baneyx, Kristopher E. Kubow, V. Vogel

Kristopher E Kubow

No abstract provided.


Phenotypic And Genotypic Characterisation Of Blastocystis Hominis Isolates Implicates Subtype 3 As A Subtype With Pathogenic Potential, Tan Tian Chye Dec 2007

Phenotypic And Genotypic Characterisation Of Blastocystis Hominis Isolates Implicates Subtype 3 As A Subtype With Pathogenic Potential, Tan Tian Chye

Tan Tian Chye

Despite frequent reports on the presence of Blastocystis hominis in human intestinal tract, its pathogenicity remains a matter of intense debate. These discrepancies may be due to the varying pathogenic potential or virulence of the isolates studied. The present study represents the first to investigate both phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of B. hominis obtained from symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Symptomatic isolates had a significantly greater size range and lower growth rate in Jones' medium than asymptomatic isolates. The parasite cells of symptomatic isolates exhibited rougher surface topography and greater binding affinity to Canavalia ensiformis (ConA) and Helix pomatia (HPA). The …