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Caliper: A Software For Blood-Free Parametric Patlak Mapping Using Pet/Mri Input Function, Praveen Dassanayake, Lumeng Cui, Elizabeth Finger, Matthew Kewin, Jennifer Hadaway, Andrea Soddu, Bjoern Jakoby, Sven Zuehlsdorf, Keith S.St Lawrence, Gerald Moran, Udunna C. Anazodo
Caliper: A Software For Blood-Free Parametric Patlak Mapping Using Pet/Mri Input Function, Praveen Dassanayake, Lumeng Cui, Elizabeth Finger, Matthew Kewin, Jennifer Hadaway, Andrea Soddu, Bjoern Jakoby, Sven Zuehlsdorf, Keith S.St Lawrence, Gerald Moran, Udunna C. Anazodo
Paediatrics Publications
Routine clinical use of absolute PET quantification techniques is limited by the need for serial arterial blood sampling for input function and more importantly by the lack of automated pharmacokinetic analysis tools that can be readily implemented in clinic with minimal effort. PET/MRI provides the ability for absolute quantification of PET probes without the need for serial arterial blood sampling using image-derived input functions (IDIFs). Here we introduce caliPER, a modular and scalable software for simplified pharmacokinetic modeling of PET probes with irreversible uptake or binding based on PET/MR IDIFs and Patlak Plot analysis. caliPER generates regional values or parametric …
Cortical Gyrification Morphology In Asd And Adhd: Implication For Further Similarities Or Disorder-Specific Features?, Avideh Gharehgazlou, Marlee Vandewouw, Justine Ziolkowski, Jimmy Wong, Jennifer Crosbie, Russell Schachar, Rob Nicolson, Stelios Georgiades, Elizabeth Dunne, Jürgen Harreiter, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Peter Damm, Elisabeth R. Mathiesen, Dorte M. Jensen, Lise Lotte Andersen, Mette Tanvig, Annunziata Lapolla, Maria G. Dalfra, Alessandra Bertolotto, Ewa Wender-Ozegowska, Agnieszka Zawiejska, David Hill, Frank J. Snoek, Judith G.M. Jelsma, Gernot Desoye
Cortical Gyrification Morphology In Asd And Adhd: Implication For Further Similarities Or Disorder-Specific Features?, Avideh Gharehgazlou, Marlee Vandewouw, Justine Ziolkowski, Jimmy Wong, Jennifer Crosbie, Russell Schachar, Rob Nicolson, Stelios Georgiades, Elizabeth Dunne, Jürgen Harreiter, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Peter Damm, Elisabeth R. Mathiesen, Dorte M. Jensen, Lise Lotte Andersen, Mette Tanvig, Annunziata Lapolla, Maria G. Dalfra, Alessandra Bertolotto, Ewa Wender-Ozegowska, Agnieszka Zawiejska, David Hill, Frank J. Snoek, Judith G.M. Jelsma, Gernot Desoye
Paediatrics Publications
Shared etiological pathways are suggested in ASD and ADHD given high rates of comorbidity, phenotypic overlap and shared genetic susceptibility. Given the peak of cortical gyrification expansion and emergence of ASD and ADHD symptomology in early development, we investigated gyrification morphology in 539 children and adolescents (6-17 years of age) with ASD (n=197) and ADHD (n=96) compared to typically developing controls (n=246) using the local Gyrification Index (lGI) to provide insight into contributing etiopathological factors in these two disorders. We also examined IQ effects and functional implications of gyrification by exploring the relation between lGI and ASD and ADHD symptomatology …
Providing Healthcare And Fitness To Drive Assessments For Long-Haul Truck Drivers: A Qualitative Study Of Family Physicians And Nurse Practitioners, Jennifer K. Johnson, Amanda L. Terry, Evelyn Vingilis
Providing Healthcare And Fitness To Drive Assessments For Long-Haul Truck Drivers: A Qualitative Study Of Family Physicians And Nurse Practitioners, Jennifer K. Johnson, Amanda L. Terry, Evelyn Vingilis
Paediatrics Publications
Introduction: Long-haul truck drivers are exposed to many workplace stressors that put them at greater health risk than the general population. Transport truck driving is currently the most common occupation for men in Canada and among the top most common occupations for men in the US, the United Kingdom and Australia. Literature to date suggests long-haul truck drivers have poor access to health care including primary care. Primary care reduces health inequity and has significant impact on the health of both individuals and populations. How primary care practitioners provide this important resource to their long-haul truck driver patients has not …
Transient Vs Permanent Congenital Hypothyroidism In Ontario, Canada: Predictive Factors And Scoring System, Alexa Marr, Nicole Yokubynas, Ken Tang, David Saleh, Diane K. Wherrett, Robert Stein, Ereny Bassilious, Pranesh Chakraborty, Sarah E. Lawrence
Transient Vs Permanent Congenital Hypothyroidism In Ontario, Canada: Predictive Factors And Scoring System, Alexa Marr, Nicole Yokubynas, Ken Tang, David Saleh, Diane K. Wherrett, Robert Stein, Ereny Bassilious, Pranesh Chakraborty, Sarah E. Lawrence
Paediatrics Publications
Context: The apparent increased incidence of congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is partly due to increased detection of transient disease. Objective: This work aims to identify predictors of transient CH (T-CH) and establish a predictive tool for its earlier differentiation from permanent CH (P-CH). Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of patients diagnosed with CH from 2006 to 2015 through Newborn Screening Ontario (NSO). Results: Of 469 cases, 360 (76.8%) were diagnosed with P-CH vs 109 (23.2%) with T-CH. Doses of levothyroxine predicting T-CH were less than 3.9 μg/kg at age 6 months, less than 3.0 μg/kg at ages 1 and …
The Unfolded Protein Response: An Emerging Therapeutic Target For Pancreatitis And Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, M. Teresa Borrello, Mickenzie B. Martin, Christopher L. Pin
The Unfolded Protein Response: An Emerging Therapeutic Target For Pancreatitis And Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, M. Teresa Borrello, Mickenzie B. Martin, Christopher L. Pin
Paediatrics Publications
Pancreatitis is a debilitating disease involving inflammation and fibrosis of the exocrine pancreas. Recurrent or chronic forms of pancreatitis are a significant risk factor for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. While genetic factors have been identified for both pathologies, environmental stresses play a large role in their etiology. All cells have adapted mechanisms to handle acute environmental stress that alters energy demands. A common pathway involved in the stress response involves endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR). While rapidly activated by many external stressors, in the pancreas the UPR plays a fundamental biological role, likely due to the high …
Barriers And Facilitators To Implementation Of A Preschool Outcome Measure: An Interview Study With Speech-Language Pathologists, Elaine Yl Kwok, Sheila Tf Moodie, Barbara Jane Cunningham, Janis Oram Cardy
Barriers And Facilitators To Implementation Of A Preschool Outcome Measure: An Interview Study With Speech-Language Pathologists, Elaine Yl Kwok, Sheila Tf Moodie, Barbara Jane Cunningham, Janis Oram Cardy
Paediatrics Publications
Introduction: The Preschool Speech and Language Program in Ontario, Canada implemented the Focus on the Outcomes of Communication Under Six (FOCUS), an outcome measure, in 2012. This study aimed to investigate commonly experienced facilitators of and barriers to implementing the FOCUS in clinical practice from the perspectives of speech-language pathologists (SLPs). Methods: Thirty-seven SLPs participated in semi-structured interviews to share their experiences adopting the FOCUS in clinical practice. A deductive content analysis of interview transcripts was conducted using the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF), followed by an inductive analysis to identify sub-themes within each domain. Results: SLPs frequently encountered barriers within …
Osteoporotic Fractures And Vertebral Body Reshaping In Children With Glucocorticoid-Treated Rheumatic Disorders, Leanne M. Ward, Jinhui Ma, Marie Eve Robinson, Maya Scharke, Josephine Ho, Kristin Houghton, Adam Huber, Rosie Scuccimarri, Julie Barsalou, Johannes Roth, Nazih Shenouda, Mary Ann Matzinger, Brian Lentle, Jacob L. Jaremko, Khaldoun Koujok, Karen Watanabe Duffy, Robert Stein, Anne Marie Sbrocchi, Celia Rodd, Paivi M. Miettunen, Claire M.A. Leblanc, Maggie Larche, Roman Jurencak, Elizabeth A. Cummings, Robert Couch, David A. Cabral
Osteoporotic Fractures And Vertebral Body Reshaping In Children With Glucocorticoid-Treated Rheumatic Disorders, Leanne M. Ward, Jinhui Ma, Marie Eve Robinson, Maya Scharke, Josephine Ho, Kristin Houghton, Adam Huber, Rosie Scuccimarri, Julie Barsalou, Johannes Roth, Nazih Shenouda, Mary Ann Matzinger, Brian Lentle, Jacob L. Jaremko, Khaldoun Koujok, Karen Watanabe Duffy, Robert Stein, Anne Marie Sbrocchi, Celia Rodd, Paivi M. Miettunen, Claire M.A. Leblanc, Maggie Larche, Roman Jurencak, Elizabeth A. Cummings, Robert Couch, David A. Cabral
Paediatrics Publications
Context: Osteoporotic fractures are an important cause of morbidity in children with glucocorticoid-treated rheumatic disorders. Objective: This work aims to evaluate the incidence and predictors of osteoporotic fractures and potential for recovery over six years following glucocorticoid (GC) initiation in children with rheumatic disorders. Methods: Children with GC-treated rheumatic disorders were evaluated through a prospective inception cohort study led by the Canadian STeroid-induced Osteoporosis in the Pediatric Population (STOPP) Consortium. Clinical outcomes included lumbar spine bone mineral density (LS BMD), vertebral fractures (VF), non-VF, and vertebral body reshaping. Results: A total of 136 children with GC-treated rheumatic disorders were enrolled …
A Crossroad Between Placental And Tumor Biology: What Have We Learnt?, Peeyush K. Lala, Pinki Nandi, Ali Hadi, Chidambra Halari
A Crossroad Between Placental And Tumor Biology: What Have We Learnt?, Peeyush K. Lala, Pinki Nandi, Ali Hadi, Chidambra Halari
Paediatrics Publications
Placenta in certain species including the human has evolved as a highly invasive tumor-like organ invading the uterus aned its vasculature to derive oxygen and nutrients for the fetus and exchange waste products. While several excellent reviews have been written comparing hemochorial placentation with tumors, no comprehensive review is available dealing with mechanistic insights into what makes them different, and what tumor biologists can learn from placental biologists, and vice versa. In this review, we analyze the structure-function relationship of the human placenta, emphasizing the functional need of the spatio-temporally orchestrated trophoblast invasiveness for fetal development and growth, and pathological …
Disentangling Language Status And Country-Of-Origin Explanations Of The Bilingual Advantage In Preschoolers, Isu Cho, Jewan Park, Hyun Joo Song, J. Bruce Morton
Disentangling Language Status And Country-Of-Origin Explanations Of The Bilingual Advantage In Preschoolers, Isu Cho, Jewan Park, Hyun Joo Song, J. Bruce Morton
Paediatrics Publications
Bilingual preschoolers from East Asia outperform monolingual preschoolers from North America or Europe in executive functioning tasks, which has been interpreted as evidence of a bilingual advantage in executive functioning. This study tested whether these differences actually reflect country-of-origin effects given that East Asian preschoolers frequently outperform North American or European children in executive functioning tasks. Consistent with previous findings, Korean–English bilingual preschoolers made fewer errors in an age-appropriate executive functioning task than did English monolingual children in Canada. However, Korean–English bilingual preschoolers performed comparably to Korean monolingual preschoolers in Korea. Differences between Korean and Canadian children's executive functioning were …
Ectopic Mineralisation Of The Mandibular Symphysis In Ent1 Knockout Mice: A Model Of Dystrophic Calcification, Dale E. Fournier, Kim L. Beaucage, Ryan J. Beach, Patti K. Kiser, Cheryle A. Séguin, S. Jeffrey Dixon
Ectopic Mineralisation Of The Mandibular Symphysis In Ent1 Knockout Mice: A Model Of Dystrophic Calcification, Dale E. Fournier, Kim L. Beaucage, Ryan J. Beach, Patti K. Kiser, Cheryle A. Séguin, S. Jeffrey Dixon
Paediatrics Publications
Equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) transfers nucleosides, such as adenosine, across plasma membranes. We reported previously that mice lacking ENT1 (ENT1−/−) exhibit progressive ectopic calcification of spinal tissues—a phenotype resembling diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis (DISH) in humans. Our objective was to investigate potential calcification of orofacial tissues in ENT1−/− mice. Heads of wild-type mice and ENT1−/− mice from 3 to 17 months were evaluated using microcomputed tomography (μCT). Some heads were decalcified and processed for histological assessment. Other heads were examined using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and micro X-ray diffraction. Using μCT, ENT1−/− mice showed extensive radiopaque lesions within the …
Novel Variant In Glycophorin C Gene Protects Against Ribavirin-Induced Anemia During Chronic Hepatitis C Treatment, Jennifer J. Lin, Catrina M. Loucks, Jessica N. Trueman, Britt I. Drögemöller, Galen E.B. Wright, Eric M. Yoshida, Jo Ann Ford, Samuel S. Lee
Novel Variant In Glycophorin C Gene Protects Against Ribavirin-Induced Anemia During Chronic Hepatitis C Treatment, Jennifer J. Lin, Catrina M. Loucks, Jessica N. Trueman, Britt I. Drögemöller, Galen E.B. Wright, Eric M. Yoshida, Jo Ann Ford, Samuel S. Lee
Paediatrics Publications
Background: The current use of ribavirin in difficult-to-cure chronic hepatitis C patients (HCV) and patients with severe respiratory infections is constrained by the issue of ribavirin-induced hemolytic anemia that affects 30% of treated patients, requiring dosage modification or discontinuation. Though some genetic variants have been identified predicting this adverse effect, known clinical and genetic factors do not entirely explain the risk of ribavirin-induced anemia. Methods: We assessed the associations of previously identified variants in inosine triphosphatase (ITPA), solute carrier 28A2 (SLC28A2) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes with ribavirin-induced anemia defined as hemoglobin decline of ≥30 g/L on treatment, followed …
Validity Of The Occupational Sitting And Physical Activity Questionnaire (Ospaq) For Home-Based Office Workers During The Covid-19 Global Pandemic: A Secondary Analysis, Kirsten Dillon, Madison Hiemstra, Marc Mitchell, Nina Bartmann, Scott Rollo, Paul A. Gardiner, Harry Prapavessis
Validity Of The Occupational Sitting And Physical Activity Questionnaire (Ospaq) For Home-Based Office Workers During The Covid-19 Global Pandemic: A Secondary Analysis, Kirsten Dillon, Madison Hiemstra, Marc Mitchell, Nina Bartmann, Scott Rollo, Paul A. Gardiner, Harry Prapavessis
Paediatrics Publications
High levels of occupational sitting is an emerging health concern. As working from home has become a common practice as a result of COVID-19, it is imperative to validate an appropriate self-report measure to assess sitting in this setting. This secondary analysis study aimed to validate the occupational sitting and physical activity questionnaire (OSPAQ) against an activPAL4™ in full-time home-based ‘office’ workers (n = 148; mean age = 44.90). Participants completed a modified version of the OSPAQ and wore an activPAL4™ for a full work week. The findings suggest that the modified OSPAQ has fair levels of validity in terms …
Complication Rates After Endometrial Ablation In Ontario: A Cohort Analysis Of 76 446 Patients, Sara Ilnitsky, Andrew Mcclure, George Vilos, Angelos Vilos, Basim Aburafea, Christopher Vinden, Jacob Mcgee
Complication Rates After Endometrial Ablation In Ontario: A Cohort Analysis Of 76 446 Patients, Sara Ilnitsky, Andrew Mcclure, George Vilos, Angelos Vilos, Basim Aburafea, Christopher Vinden, Jacob Mcgee
Paediatrics Publications
Study Objectives: Endometrial ablation (EA) is an alternative to hysterectomy for the management of heavy menstrual bleeding; however, EA is not without risk. Our objective was to determine complication rates in women undergoing EA in the province of Ontario over a 15-year time period. The primary outcome was a composite of multiple complications within 30 to 180 days of surgery. The secondary outcomes included mortality, length of hospital stay, hospital readmission, and emergency department visit within 30 days of discharge. Design: Retrospective cohort study using Cochran-Armitage test for trend. Setting: Administrative data from the Canadian province of Ontario, assessing patients …
Cross-Diagnosis Structural Correlates Of Autistic-Like Social Communication Differences, Azadeh Kushki, Robyn E. Cardy, Sina Panahandeh, Mahan Malihi, Christopher Hammill, Jessica Brian, Alana Iaboni, Margot J. Taylor, Russell Dunne, Gernot Desoye, Jürgen Harreiter, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Peter Damm, Elisabeth R. Mathiesen, Dorte M. Jensen, Liselotte L. Andersen, Annunziata Lapolla, Maria G. Dalfra, Alessandra Bertolotto, Ewa Wender-Ozegowska, Agnieszka Zawiejska, David Hill, Frank J. Snoek, Judith G.M. Jelsma, Judith E. Bosmans, Mireille N.M. Van Poppel
Cross-Diagnosis Structural Correlates Of Autistic-Like Social Communication Differences, Azadeh Kushki, Robyn E. Cardy, Sina Panahandeh, Mahan Malihi, Christopher Hammill, Jessica Brian, Alana Iaboni, Margot J. Taylor, Russell Dunne, Gernot Desoye, Jürgen Harreiter, Alexandra Kautzky-Willer, Peter Damm, Elisabeth R. Mathiesen, Dorte M. Jensen, Liselotte L. Andersen, Annunziata Lapolla, Maria G. Dalfra, Alessandra Bertolotto, Ewa Wender-Ozegowska, Agnieszka Zawiejska, David Hill, Frank J. Snoek, Judith G.M. Jelsma, Judith E. Bosmans, Mireille N.M. Van Poppel
Paediatrics Publications
Social communication differences are seen in autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), but the brain mechanisms contributing to these differences remain largely unknown. To address this gap, we used a data-driven and diagnosis-agnostic approach to discover brain correlates of social communication differences in ASD, ADHD, and OCD, and subgroups of individuals who share similar patterns of brain-behavior associations. A machine learning pipeline (regression clustering) was used to discover the pattern of association between structural brain measures (volume, surface area, and cortical thickness) and social communication abilities. Participants (n = 416) included children with a diagnosis …
Pediatric Cervical Spine Fracture Case Report: Best Practice To Delay Transition To Rear-Facing Restraint, Christopher Stolworthy, Jonathan Hu, Neil Merritt
Pediatric Cervical Spine Fracture Case Report: Best Practice To Delay Transition To Rear-Facing Restraint, Christopher Stolworthy, Jonathan Hu, Neil Merritt
Paediatrics Publications
Pediatric physicians and motor vehicle safety experts have been advocating for change in child passenger restraint practices for decades. As professional recommendations evolve to support extended rear-facing restraint, actual practices remain disparate. We report a case of pediatric cervical spine fracture due to motor vehicle collision, an uncommon, yet predictable, pattern of injury for which prevention education is undoubtedly preferable to managing the consequences of premature forward-facing in vulnerable pediatric patients. Currently, 9 kg is a minimum legal standard for forward-facing child restraint system use in Ontario, rather than a recommended transition time. We advise that parents should be counselled …
Impact Of Covid-19 On Motor Vehicle Injuries And Fatalities In Older Adults In Ontario, Canada, Mark J. Rapoport, Justin N. Chee, Nadia Aljenabi, Patrick A. Byrne, Gary Naglie, Frances Ilari, Yoassry Elzohairy, Evelyn Vingilis, Benoit H. Mulsant
Impact Of Covid-19 On Motor Vehicle Injuries And Fatalities In Older Adults In Ontario, Canada, Mark J. Rapoport, Justin N. Chee, Nadia Aljenabi, Patrick A. Byrne, Gary Naglie, Frances Ilari, Yoassry Elzohairy, Evelyn Vingilis, Benoit H. Mulsant
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Older adults constitute the group most vulnerable to COVID-19 mortality. As a result, in North America and elsewhere, older adults have been strongly advised to shelter in place. Older adults also represent the fastest growing segment of licensed drivers. Objective: We examined the change in injuries and fatalities sustained by younger and older drivers and pedestrians during the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic. We hypothesized that adults ages 80 years and over would have a proportionally larger reduction than the other drivers and pedestrians. Methods: Using a cohort design, we compared the proportion of drivers and pedestrians involved …
Rapid And Accurate Agglutination-Based Testing For Sars-Cov-2 Antibodies, Sally Esmail, Michael J. Knauer, Husam Abdoh, Courtney Voss, Benjamin Chin-Yee, Peter Stogios, Almagul Seitova, Ashley Hutchinson, Farhad Shah, Cindy Dribnenki, Joanne Snider, Derek Stephens
Rapid And Accurate Agglutination-Based Testing For Sars-Cov-2 Antibodies, Sally Esmail, Michael J. Knauer, Husam Abdoh, Courtney Voss, Benjamin Chin-Yee, Peter Stogios, Almagul Seitova, Ashley Hutchinson, Farhad Shah, Cindy Dribnenki, Joanne Snider, Derek Stephens
Paediatrics Publications
We have developed a rapid, accurate, and cost-effective serologic test for SARS-CoV-2 virus, which caused the COVID-19 pandemic, on the basis of antibody-dependent agglutination of antigen-coated latex particles. When validated using plasma samples that are positive or negative for SARS-CoV-2, the agglutination assay detected antibodies against the receptor-binding domain of the spike (S-RBD) or the nucleocapsid protein of SARS-CoV-2 with 100% specificity and ∼98% sensitivity. Furthermore, we found that the strength of the S-RBD antibody response measured by the agglutination assay correlated with the efficiency of the plasma in blocking RBD binding to the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in a surrogate …
Innervation Of The Human Intervertebral Disc: A Scoping Review, Adam M.R. Groh, Dale E. Fournier, Michele C. Battié, Cheryle A. Séguin
Innervation Of The Human Intervertebral Disc: A Scoping Review, Adam M.R. Groh, Dale E. Fournier, Michele C. Battié, Cheryle A. Séguin
Paediatrics Publications
OBJECTIVE: Back pain is an elusive symptom complicated by a variety of possible causes, precipitating and maintaining factors, and consequences. Notably, the underlying pathology remains unknown in a significant number of cases. Changes to the intervertebral disc (IVD) have been associated with back pain, leading many to postulate that the IVD may be a direct source of pain, typically referred to as discogenic back pain. Yet despite decades of research into the neuroanatomy of the IVD, there is a lack of consensus in the literature as to the distribution and function of neural elements within the tissue. The current scoping …
Risk Associated With Valvular Regurgitation During Pregnancy, Birgit Pfaller, Angelo Dave Javier, Jasmine Grewal, Nadia Gabarin, Jack Colman, Marla Kiess, Rachel M. Wald, Mathew Sermer, Samuel C. Siu, Candice K. Silversides
Risk Associated With Valvular Regurgitation During Pregnancy, Birgit Pfaller, Angelo Dave Javier, Jasmine Grewal, Nadia Gabarin, Jack Colman, Marla Kiess, Rachel M. Wald, Mathew Sermer, Samuel C. Siu, Candice K. Silversides
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Pregnancies in women with regurgitant valve lesions are generally considered low risk, but this has not been well studied. Objectives: This study determined the frequency of adverse cardiac events (CEs) in pregnant women with moderate or severe regurgitant valve lesions. Methods: Maternal and fetal outcomes in women with moderate or severe chronic valve regurgitation enrolled in a prospective multicenter study on pregnancy outcomes were examined. Adverse CEs included heart failure, sustained arrhythmias, cardiac arrest, or death. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to identify determinants of CEs in women at the highest risk. Results: Outcomes of 430 pregnancies …
Hyperleucinosis During Infections In Maple Syrup Urine Disease Post Liver Transplantation, Laura Guilder, Carlos E. Prada, Sofia Saenz, Shailly Jain-Ghai, Natalya Karp, George Mazariegos, Suzanne Ratko, Ramona Salvarinova
Hyperleucinosis During Infections In Maple Syrup Urine Disease Post Liver Transplantation, Laura Guilder, Carlos E. Prada, Sofia Saenz, Shailly Jain-Ghai, Natalya Karp, George Mazariegos, Suzanne Ratko, Ramona Salvarinova
Paediatrics Publications
Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is due to biallelic variants in one of the three genes: BCKDHA, BCKDHB, and DBT. Branched-chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex deficiency and elevated leucine, valine, isoleucine and alloisoleucine in body fluids are the results. We report hyperleucinosis during intercurrent illnesses in six patients with MSUD post liver transplantation. Patient charts were retrospectively reviewed. Data was entered into an Excel Database. Literature was reviewed. Six patients with MSUD were included who had post liver transplantation hyperleucinosis during an intercurrent illness. Five had encephalopathy. One received hemodialysis for the management of hyperleucinosis. All patients had unrestricted diet. Additionally, …
A New Definition Of Brain Health, Vladimir Hachinski, Abolfazl Avan, Jason Gilliland, Shahram Oveisgharan
A New Definition Of Brain Health, Vladimir Hachinski, Abolfazl Avan, Jason Gilliland, Shahram Oveisgharan
Paediatrics Publications
No abstract provided.
Probiotic Stool Secretory Immunoglobulin A Modulation In Children With Gastroenteritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Stephen B. Freedman, Rachael Horne, Kathene Johnson-Henry, Jianling Xie, Sarah Williamson-Urquhart, Linda Chui, Xiao Li Pang, Bonita Lee, Suzanne Schuh, Yaron Finkelstein, Serge Gouin, Ken J. Farion, Naveen Poonai, Katrina Hurley, David Schnadower, Philip M. Sherman
Probiotic Stool Secretory Immunoglobulin A Modulation In Children With Gastroenteritis: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Stephen B. Freedman, Rachael Horne, Kathene Johnson-Henry, Jianling Xie, Sarah Williamson-Urquhart, Linda Chui, Xiao Li Pang, Bonita Lee, Suzanne Schuh, Yaron Finkelstein, Serge Gouin, Ken J. Farion, Naveen Poonai, Katrina Hurley, David Schnadower, Philip M. Sherman
Paediatrics Publications
Background: We previously conducted the Probiotic Regimen for Outpatient Gastroenteritis Utility of Treatment (PROGUT) study, which identified no improvements in children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE) administered a probiotic. However, the aforementioned study did not evaluate immunomodulatory benefits. Objectives: The object of this study was to determine if stool secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentrations in children with AGE increase more among participants administered a Lactobacillus rhamnosus/helveticus probiotic compared with those administered placebo. Methods: This a priori planned multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled ancillary study enrolled children presenting for emergency care who received a 5-d probiotic or placebo course. Participants submitted stool specimens …
The Use Of Oral Opioids As An Alternative To Codeine To Control Pain In Children, Michael J. Rieder, Geert't Jong
The Use Of Oral Opioids As An Alternative To Codeine To Control Pain In Children, Michael J. Rieder, Geert't Jong
Paediatrics Publications
No abstract provided.
The Use Of Oral Opioids To Control Children's Pain In The Post-Codeine Era, Michael J. Rieder, Geert't Jong
The Use Of Oral Opioids To Control Children's Pain In The Post-Codeine Era, Michael J. Rieder, Geert't Jong
Paediatrics Publications
Pain is a common problem for children, and pain management comprises both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic measures. For moderate to severe pain, oral opioids have been a popular choice for the last few decades. Codeine has historically been the best-known oral opioid for use in children. However, availability and use of codeine have sharply declined due to safety concerns. A variety of other opioids have been used in place of codeine, but data are limited regarding their efficacy and safety in children. While the same pathways metabolize oral oxycodone as codeine, oxycodone's pharmacokinetics varies widely. There are also limited data on …
Embryonic Protein Nodal Regulates The Breast Tumor Microenvironment By Reprogramming Cancer-Derived Secretomes, Dylan Dieters-Castator, Paola M. Dantonio, Matt Piaseczny, Guihua Zhang, Jiahui Liu, Miljan Kuljanin, Stephen Sherman, Michael Jewer, Katherine Reklitis, Nolan Wheildon
Embryonic Protein Nodal Regulates The Breast Tumor Microenvironment By Reprogramming Cancer-Derived Secretomes, Dylan Dieters-Castator, Paola M. Dantonio, Matt Piaseczny, Guihua Zhang, Jiahui Liu, Miljan Kuljanin, Stephen Sherman, Michael Jewer, Katherine Reklitis, Nolan Wheildon
Paediatrics Publications
The tumor microenvironment (TME) is an important mediator of breast cancer progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts constitute a major component of the TME and may originate from tissue-associated fibroblasts or infiltrating mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The mechanisms by which cancer cells activate fibroblasts and recruit MSCs to the TME are largely unknown, but likely include deposition of a pro-tumorigenic secretome. The secreted embryonic protein NODAL is clinically associated with breast cancer stage and promotes tumor growth, metastasis, and vascularization. Herein, we show that NODAL expression correlates with the presence of activated fibroblasts in human triple-negative breast cancers and that it directly induces …
Isolation And Characterization Of Circulating Pro-Vascular Progenitor Cell Subsets From Human Whole Blood Samples, Daniella C. Terenzi, Ehab Bakbak, Justin Z. Trac, Mohammad Al-Omran, Adrian Quan, Hwee Teoh, Subodh Verma, David A. Hess
Isolation And Characterization Of Circulating Pro-Vascular Progenitor Cell Subsets From Human Whole Blood Samples, Daniella C. Terenzi, Ehab Bakbak, Justin Z. Trac, Mohammad Al-Omran, Adrian Quan, Hwee Teoh, Subodh Verma, David A. Hess
Paediatrics Publications
The examination of circulating pro-vascular progenitor cell frequency and function is integral in understanding aberrant blood vessel homeostasis in individuals with cardiometabolic disease. Here, we outline the characterization of progenitor cell subsets from peripheral blood using high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity, an intracellular detoxification enzyme previously associated with pro-vascular progenitor cell status. Using this protocol, cells can be examined by flow cytometry for ALDH activity and lineage restricted cell surface markers simultaneously. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Terenzi et al. (2019) and Hess et al. (2019, 2020).
Impact Of Obesity On Outcomes Of Pregnancy In Women With Heart Disease, Birgit Pfaller, Samuel C. Siu, Rohan D'Souza, Barbara Wichert-Schmitt, Govind Krishna Kumar Nair, Kim Haberer, Cynthia Maxwell, Candice K. Silversides
Impact Of Obesity On Outcomes Of Pregnancy In Women With Heart Disease, Birgit Pfaller, Samuel C. Siu, Rohan D'Souza, Barbara Wichert-Schmitt, Govind Krishna Kumar Nair, Kim Haberer, Cynthia Maxwell, Candice K. Silversides
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Women with heart disease are at risk for complications during pregnancy. This study sought to examine the effect of maternal obesity on pregnancy complications in women with heart disease. Objectives: The objective was to determine the incidence of adverse cardiac events (CE) in pregnant women with heart disease and obesity. Methods: Adverse CE during pregnancy were examined in a prospective cohort of women with heart disease. CE were a composite of the following: cardiac death/arrest, arrhythmias, heart failure, myocardial infarction, stroke, aortic dissection, and thromboembolic events. Pre-eclampsia and post-partum hemorrhage were also studied. Outcomes were examined according to body …
Developing Implementation Strategies To Adopt Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (Eras®) Guidelines, Jennifer Y. Lam, Alexandra Howlett, Duncan Mcluckie, Lori M. Stephen, Scott D.N. Else, Ashley Jones, Paul Beaudry, Mary E. Brindle
Developing Implementation Strategies To Adopt Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (Eras®) Guidelines, Jennifer Y. Lam, Alexandra Howlett, Duncan Mcluckie, Lori M. Stephen, Scott D.N. Else, Ashley Jones, Paul Beaudry, Mary E. Brindle
Paediatrics Publications
BACKGROUND: Strong implementation strategies are critical to the success of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS®) guidelines, though little documentation exists on effective strategies, especially in complex clinical situations and unfamiliar contexts. This study outlines the process taken to adopt a novel neonatal ERAS® guideline. METHODS: The implementation strategy was approached in a multi-pronged, concurrent but asynchronous fashion. Between September 2019 and January 2020, healthcare providers from various disciplines and different specialties as well as parents participated in the strategy. Multidisciplinary teams were created to consider existing literature and local contexts including potential facilitators and/or barriers. Task forces worked collaboratively to …
Loss Of Endothelial Cell-Specific Autophagy-Related Protein 7 Exacerbates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity, Albert Z. Luu, Vincent Z. Luu, Biswajit Chowdhury, Andrew Kosmopoulos, Yi Pan, Mohammed Al-Omran, Adrian Quan, Hwee Teoh
Loss Of Endothelial Cell-Specific Autophagy-Related Protein 7 Exacerbates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity, Albert Z. Luu, Vincent Z. Luu, Biswajit Chowdhury, Andrew Kosmopoulos, Yi Pan, Mohammed Al-Omran, Adrian Quan, Hwee Teoh
Paediatrics Publications
Doxorubicin (DOX) is an effective, broad-spectrum antineoplastic agent with serious cardiotoxic side effects, which may lead to the development of heart failure. Current strategies to diagnose, prevent, and treat DOX-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC) are inadequate. Recent evidence has linked the dysregulation and destruction of the vascular endothelium to the development of DIC. Autophagy is a conserved pro-survival mechanism that recycles and removes damaged sub-cellular components. Autophagy-related protein 7 (ATG7) catalyzes autophagosome formation, a critical step in autophagy. In this study, we used endothelial cell-specific Atg7 knockout (EC-Atg7−/−) mice to characterize the role of endothelial cell-specific autophagy in DIC. DOX-treated EC-Atg7−/− mice …
Appendectomy Versus Observation For Appendicitis In Neutropenic Children With Cancer, Benjamin T. Many, Timothy B. Lautz, Sarah Dobrozsi, Katheryn Hope Wilkinson, Jenna Rossoff, Annie Le-Nguyen, Nawar Dakhallah, Nelson Piche, Whitney Weinschenk, Jo Cooke-Barker, Catherine Goodhue, Abigail Zamora, Eugene S. Kim, Lindsay J. Talbot, Oswaldo Gomez Quevedo, Andrew J. Murphy, Sarah J. Commander, Elisabeth T. Tracy, Scott S. Short, Rebecka L. Meyers, Hannah N. Rinehardt, Jennifer H. Aldrink, Todd E. Heaton, Michael V. Ortiz, Reto Baertschiger, Kaitlyn E. Wong, Eveline Lapidus-Krol, Andreana Butter, Jacob Davidson
Appendectomy Versus Observation For Appendicitis In Neutropenic Children With Cancer, Benjamin T. Many, Timothy B. Lautz, Sarah Dobrozsi, Katheryn Hope Wilkinson, Jenna Rossoff, Annie Le-Nguyen, Nawar Dakhallah, Nelson Piche, Whitney Weinschenk, Jo Cooke-Barker, Catherine Goodhue, Abigail Zamora, Eugene S. Kim, Lindsay J. Talbot, Oswaldo Gomez Quevedo, Andrew J. Murphy, Sarah J. Commander, Elisabeth T. Tracy, Scott S. Short, Rebecka L. Meyers, Hannah N. Rinehardt, Jennifer H. Aldrink, Todd E. Heaton, Michael V. Ortiz, Reto Baertschiger, Kaitlyn E. Wong, Eveline Lapidus-Krol, Andreana Butter, Jacob Davidson
Paediatrics Publications
BACKGROUND: Optimal management of neutropenic appendicitis (NA) in children undergoing cancer therapy remains undefined. Management strategies include upfront appendectomy or initial nonoperative management. We aimed to characterize the effect of management strategy on complications and length of stay (LOS) and describe implications for chemotherapy delay or alteration. METHODS: Sites from the Pediatric Surgery Oncology Research Collaborative performed a retrospective review of children with NA over a 6-year period. RESULTS: Sixty-six children, with a median age of 11 years (range 1-17), were identified with NA while undergoing cancer treatment. The most common cancer diagnoses were leukemia (62%) and brain tumor (12%). …