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Reply To J-P Chaput, Ralph Maddison, Louise Foley, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, Yannan Jiang, Andrew Jull, Harry Prapavessis, Anthony Rodgers
Reply To J-P Chaput, Ralph Maddison, Louise Foley, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, Yannan Jiang, Andrew Jull, Harry Prapavessis, Anthony Rodgers
Paediatrics Publications
No abstract provided.
Chromosome-Substituted Rat Strains Provide Insights Into The Genetics Of Placentation, Toshihiro Konno, Lea A. Rempel, M. A. Karim Rumi, Amanda R. Graham, Kazuo Asanoma, Stephen J. Renaud, Michael J. Soares
Chromosome-Substituted Rat Strains Provide Insights Into The Genetics Of Placentation, Toshihiro Konno, Lea A. Rempel, M. A. Karim Rumi, Amanda R. Graham, Kazuo Asanoma, Stephen J. Renaud, Michael J. Soares
Paediatrics Publications
The rat possesses a hemochorial form of placentation. Pronounced intrauterine trophoblast cell invasion and vascular remodeling characterize this type of placentation. Strain-specific patterns of placentation are evident in the rat. Some rat strains exhibit deep intrauterine trophoblast invasion and an expanded junctional zone [Holtzman Sprague-Dawley (HSD), Dahl salt sensitive (DSS)], whereas placentation sites of other rat strains are characterized by shallow invasion and a restricted junctional zone [Brown Norway (BN)]. In this report, we identified a quantitative trait that was used to distinguish strain-specific features of rat placentation. Junctional zone prolactin family 5, subfamily a, member 1 (Prl5a1) transcript levels …
Decorin Is A Novel Vegfr-2-Binding Antagonist For The Human Extravillous Trophoblast, Gausal A. Khan, Gannareddy V. Girish, Neena Lala, Gianni M. Di Guglielmo, Peeyush K. Lala
Decorin Is A Novel Vegfr-2-Binding Antagonist For The Human Extravillous Trophoblast, Gausal A. Khan, Gannareddy V. Girish, Neena Lala, Gianni M. Di Guglielmo, Peeyush K. Lala
Paediatrics Publications
Extravillous trophoblasts (EVT) of the human placenta invade the uterine decidua and its arteries to ensure successful placentation. We previously identified two decidua-derived molecules, TGF-β and a TGF-β-binding proteoglycan decorin (DCN), as negative regulators of EVT proliferation, migration, and invasiveness and reported that DCN acts via multiple tyrosine kinase receptors [epidermal growth factor-receptor (EGF-R), IGF receptor-1 (IGFR1), and vascular endothelial growth factor 2 receptor (VEGFR-2)]. Because binding of DCN toVEGFR-2 has never been reported earlier, present study explored this binding, the approximate location of VEGFR-2-binding site in DCN, and its functional role in our human first trimester EVT cell line …
Effects Of Active Video Games On Body Composition: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Ralph Maddison, Louise Foley, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, Yannan Jiang, Andrew Jull, Harry Prapavessis, Maea Hohepa, Anthony Rodgers
Effects Of Active Video Games On Body Composition: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Ralph Maddison, Louise Foley, Cliona Ni Mhurchu, Yannan Jiang, Andrew Jull, Harry Prapavessis, Maea Hohepa, Anthony Rodgers
Paediatrics Publications
Background: Sedentary activities such as video gaming are independently associated with obesity. Active video games, in which players physically interact with images on screen, may help increase physical activity and improve body composition. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of active video games over a 6-mo period on weight, body composition, physical activity, and physical fitness. Design: We conducted a 2-arm, parallel, randomized controlled trial in Auckland, New Zealand. A total of 322 overweight and obese children aged 10-14 y, who were current users of sedentary video games, were randomly assigned at a 1:1 ratio …
Identification Of Dermcidin As A Novel Binding Protein Of Nck1 And Characterization Of Its Role In Promoting Cell Migration, Shun Li Shen, Fang Hua Qiu, Thamara K. Dayarathna, Jian Wu, Ming Kuang, Shawn S.C. Li, Bao Gang Peng, Jing Nie, Kim
Identification Of Dermcidin As A Novel Binding Protein Of Nck1 And Characterization Of Its Role In Promoting Cell Migration, Shun Li Shen, Fang Hua Qiu, Thamara K. Dayarathna, Jian Wu, Ming Kuang, Shawn S.C. Li, Bao Gang Peng, Jing Nie, Kim
Paediatrics Publications
A distinct feature of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the tendency of tumor cells to disperse throughout the liver. Nck family adaptor proteins function to couple tyrosine phosphorylation signals to regulate actin cytoskeletal reorganization that leads to cell motility. In order to explore the role of Nck in HCC development, we performed GST pull-down assay using the SH2 domain of Nck1 as bait. The resulting precipitates were separated by 2-DE. Mass spectrometry analysis revealed a group of Nck1 SH2 domain-binding proteins that were differentially expressed in HCC. One of these proteins, dermcidin (DCD), and its interaction with Nck1, was further validated …
Expression Of Insulinoma-Associated 2 (Insm2) In Pancreatic Islet Cells Is Regulated By The Transcription Factors Ngn3 And Neurod1, Tao Cai, Xiang Chen, Rennian Wang, Huan Xu, Yuhui You, Tao Zhang, Michael S. Lan, Abner L. Notkins
Expression Of Insulinoma-Associated 2 (Insm2) In Pancreatic Islet Cells Is Regulated By The Transcription Factors Ngn3 And Neurod1, Tao Cai, Xiang Chen, Rennian Wang, Huan Xu, Yuhui You, Tao Zhang, Michael S. Lan, Abner L. Notkins
Paediatrics Publications
The insulinoma-associated 2 (Insm2) gene is a member of the Snail/Gfi1/Insm1 transcriptional repressor superfamily. However, little is known about how the expression of human INSM2 or mouse Insm2 in neuroendocrine tissues is regulated. Here we report the expression of INSM2/Insm2 in human fetal pancreas and mouse embryos, as well as adult pancreatic islets, and its regulation by two major islet transcription factors. Mutagenesis and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis demonstrated that the proximal E-boxes of the mouse Insm2 promoter are directtargets of neurogenin3 and neurogenic differentiation1 (NeuroD1). Furthermore, wefound that endogenous Insm2 expression was activated in Ngn3/NeuroD1-transduced pancreatic epithelial duct cells. Our …
Exploiting Notochord Cells For Stem Cell-Based Regeneration Of The Intervertebral Disc, Matthew R. Mccann, Corey A. Bacher, Cheryle A. Séguin
Exploiting Notochord Cells For Stem Cell-Based Regeneration Of The Intervertebral Disc, Matthew R. Mccann, Corey A. Bacher, Cheryle A. Séguin
Paediatrics Publications
The nucleus pulposus is an avascular and aneural tissue that has significant influence on the homeostasis and overall function of the intervertebral disc. The nucleus pulposus is comprised of a heterogeneous population of cells including large notochord cells and smaller chondrocyte-like cells. Loss of notochord cells has been correlated with the pathogenesis of disc degeneration and consequently, it has been hypothesized that regeneration of the disc could be mediated by notochord cells. Attempts to grow and expand notochord cells in vitro have thus far been limited by cell availability and ineffective culturing methodologies. As a result, co-culturing techniques have been …
Fgf4-Dependent Stem Cells Derived From Rat Blastocysts Differentiate Along The Trophoblast Lineage, Kazuo Asanoma, M. A.Karim Rumi, Lindsey N. Kent, Damayanti Chakraborty, Stephen J. Renaud, Norio Wake, Dong Soo Lee, Kaiyu Kubota, Michael J. Soares
Fgf4-Dependent Stem Cells Derived From Rat Blastocysts Differentiate Along The Trophoblast Lineage, Kazuo Asanoma, M. A.Karim Rumi, Lindsey N. Kent, Damayanti Chakraborty, Stephen J. Renaud, Norio Wake, Dong Soo Lee, Kaiyu Kubota, Michael J. Soares
Paediatrics Publications
Differentiated trophoblast cell lineages arise from trophoblast stem (TS) cells. To date such a stem cell population has only been established in the mouse. The objective of this investigation was to establish TS cell populations from rat blastocysts. Blastocysts were cultured individually on a feeder layer of rat embryonic fibroblasts (REFs) in fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF4) and heparin supplemented culture medium. Once cell colonies were established REF feeder layers could be replaced with REF conditioned medium. The blastocyst-derived cell lines, in either proliferative or differentiated states, did not express genes indicative of ICM-derived tissues. In the proliferative state the cells …
Ifpa Meeting 2010 Workshops Report Ii: Placental Pathology; Trophoblast Invasion; Fetal Sex; Parasites And The Placenta; Decidua And Embryonic Or Fetal Loss; Trophoblast Differentiation And Syncytialisation, A. Al-Khan, I. L. Aye, I. Barsoum, A. Borbely, E. Cebral, G. Cerchi, V. L. Clifton, S. Collins, T. Ross, Bruce C. Carleton, Michael R. Hayden, Martin Hosking, Sean Virani, Stuart Macleod, Rod Rassekh, Anne Smith, Liam Brunham, Neil H. Shear, Gideon Koren, Geoffrey Liu, Michael J. Rieder, Richard Kim, Maurica Maher, David Flockhart, Lawrence Lesko, Jenna Rhoades
Ifpa Meeting 2010 Workshops Report Ii: Placental Pathology; Trophoblast Invasion; Fetal Sex; Parasites And The Placenta; Decidua And Embryonic Or Fetal Loss; Trophoblast Differentiation And Syncytialisation, A. Al-Khan, I. L. Aye, I. Barsoum, A. Borbely, E. Cebral, G. Cerchi, V. L. Clifton, S. Collins, T. Ross, Bruce C. Carleton, Michael R. Hayden, Martin Hosking, Sean Virani, Stuart Macleod, Rod Rassekh, Anne Smith, Liam Brunham, Neil H. Shear, Gideon Koren, Geoffrey Liu, Michael J. Rieder, Richard Kim, Maurica Maher, David Flockhart, Lawrence Lesko, Jenna Rhoades
Paediatrics Publications
Workshops are an important part of the IFPA annual meeting. At IFPA Meeting 2010 diverse topics were discussed in twelve themed workshops, six of which are summarized in this report. 1. The placental pathology workshop focused on clinical correlates of placenta accreta/percreta. 2. Mechanisms of regulation of trophoblast invasion and spiral artery remodeling were discussed in the trophoblast invasion workshop. 3. The fetal sex and intrauterine stress workshop explored recent work on placental sex differences and discussed them in the context of whether boys live dangerously in the womb.4. The workshop on parasites addressed inflammatory responses as a sign of …
Integrin Α3, But Not Β1, Regulates Islet Cell Survival And Function Via Pi3k/Akt Signaling Pathways, Mansa Krishnamurthy, Jinming Li, George F. Fellows, Lawrence Rosenberg, Cynthia G. Goodyer, Rennian Wang
Integrin Α3, But Not Β1, Regulates Islet Cell Survival And Function Via Pi3k/Akt Signaling Pathways, Mansa Krishnamurthy, Jinming Li, George F. Fellows, Lawrence Rosenberg, Cynthia G. Goodyer, Rennian Wang
Paediatrics Publications
β1-Integrin is a well-established regulator of β-cell activities; however, the role of its associated α-subunits is relatively unknown. Previously, we have shown that human fetal islet and INS-1 cells highly express α3β1-integrin and that collagens I and IV significantly enhance their survival and function; in addition, blocking β1 function in the fetal islet cells decreased adhesion on collagen I and increased apoptosis. The present study investigates the effect of blocking α3. Using α3 blocking antibody or small interfering RNA, the effects of α3-integrin blockade were examined in isolated human fetal or adult islet cells or INS-1 cells, cultured on collagens …
Reply, Samuel C. Siu, Candice K. Silversides
Reply, Samuel C. Siu, Candice K. Silversides
Paediatrics Publications
No abstract provided.
Sleep Problems, Tiredness, And Psychological Symptoms Among Healthy Adolescents, J. Aimée Coulombe, Graham J. Reid, Michael H. Boyle, Yvonne Racine
Sleep Problems, Tiredness, And Psychological Symptoms Among Healthy Adolescents, J. Aimée Coulombe, Graham J. Reid, Michael H. Boyle, Yvonne Racine
Paediatrics Publications
Objective To examine the contribution of adolescents' sleep problems and tiredness to psychological symptoms after accounting for shared risk and psychological co-morbidity. Methods Secondary analyses of cross-sectional data on 12-16-year-old (N = 980) adolescents without chronic illness, functional limitation, or developmental delay. Adolescents rated sleep problems, tiredness, and psychological symptoms. Parents provided information about risk factors, adolescent tiredness, and psychological symptoms. Results Prior to accounting for psychological co-morbidity, most sleep variables were significant correlates of adolescent-, but not parent-rated, psychological symptoms. After accounting for psychological co-morbidity: nightmares were associated with adolescent-rated anxiety/depression; sleeping more than others was associated with adolescent-rated …