Exploring The Experiences And Mental Health Concerns Of 9-1-1 Public Safety Telecommunicators,
2018
University of Southern Mississippi
Exploring The Experiences And Mental Health Concerns Of 9-1-1 Public Safety Telecommunicators, Ariel Patience Elliot
Honors Theses
9-1-1 public safety telecommunicators are the first line of emergency services; however, minimal research currently exists on their mental health. A lack of understanding exists as to how the continuous flow of traumatic calls are influencing these people. The purpose of this project is to help fill the existing gap in literature and contribute to the existing minimal foundation for future research on this topic. Participants for this study were obtained with agency consent from the Harrison County Sheriff’s Office in Gulfport, MS; Gulfport Police Department in Gulfport, MS; Hattiesburg Police Department in Hattiesburg, MS; and Cobb County 911 in …
Exploring The Relationship Between Personality Characteristics And Eyewitness Memory: A Test Of The Weapons-Focused Effect,
2018
University of Southern Mississippi
Exploring The Relationship Between Personality Characteristics And Eyewitness Memory: A Test Of The Weapons-Focused Effect, Emily Jean Stahly
Honors Theses
Eyewitness accuracy is of vital importance in crime scene investigations; however, accumulating evidence suggests that eyewitnesses often show memory inaccuracies. One type of eyewitness inaccuracy is the weapons-focused effect which occurs when the presence of a weapon as part of a crime scene compromises an individual’s ability to recall other details about the event or scene (Erickson, Lampinen & Leding, 2014). Given the weapons-focused effect negatively affects eyewitness accuracy, the purpose of my thesis is to examine the extent to which the weapons-focused effect is moderated by certain personality traits. Of particular interest were the neuroticism and conscientiousness factors in …
Is Corporal Punishment The Best Punishment? A Millennial Perspective,
2018
University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
Is Corporal Punishment The Best Punishment? A Millennial Perspective, Zachary Rush
Honors Theses
Corporal punishment, defined as “physical force resulting in pain or discomfort, but not significant injury…meant to alter a child’s unfavorable behavioral patterns,” remains a much debated topic of conversation in the United States (Straus & Donnelly, 2001, p. 4). Straus and Stewart (1999) reported that 94% of parents have spanked their children by the time of their fifth birthday. Moreover, the same study identified that 52% of parents continued to employ corporal punishment when their children were teenagers (twelve to thirteen years old) and 20% up until their children were seventeen years of age. However, spanking and similar forms of …
Factors Affecting The Longevity Of Individual Terrorists,
2018
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville
Factors Affecting The Longevity Of Individual Terrorists, Madeline Brice
Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study is to examine factors that affect the longevity of individual terrorists. Previous studies on terrorist group longevity have focused on the decisions terrorist groups have made rather than focusing on factors that help individuals evade capture. Literature also suggests that terrorists that manage to stay active may be able to use this as a valuable recruiting tool. This project examines six different relationships with longevity, including Attorney General (AG) Guidelines, demographics, ideology, level of participation, number of activities, and sophistication of attack. To examine these relationships, data will be used from the American Terrorism Study …
The Styles Of Criminology : Writing Among The Stars.,
2018
University of Louisville
The Styles Of Criminology : Writing Among The Stars., Ethan Maxwell Higgins
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This study investigates how criminological writing style is "a [more] complicated terrain" than we realize in criminology (Butler, 1990, p. xix). Data is drawn from interviews with forty of the one hundred most influential criminological writers (Walters, 2015) to explore perceptions of good writing in the field, namely in describing writing practices, norms and values. Thus, the findings of this study come in three chapters. The first two result chapters explore the terrain of writing in criminology by presenting perceptions of best practices and values of good writing. The third results chapter then examines these perceptions within a lens of …
Police Perceptions On False Accusations Of Sexual Assault,
2018
East Tennessee State University
Police Perceptions On False Accusations Of Sexual Assault, Danielle Ostrander
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to expand current literature regarding police officers’ perceptions on false accusations of sexual assault; specifically, focusing on perceptions of the frequency of false accusations, rape myths and behavior displayed by women reporting sexual assault. Police officers’ perceptions on false accusations of sexual assault were examined by administering a 21-question survey consisting of close-ended and open-ended questions. The survey included questions about police perceptions, false accusations, rape myths, training, and behaviors of women reporting sexual assault. The sample consisted of 40 sworn law enforcement officers from different municipal police departments in Tennessee. The results showed …
How To Think Constitutionally About Prerogative: A Study Of Early American Usage,
2018
University at Buffalo School of Law
How To Think Constitutionally About Prerogative: A Study Of Early American Usage, Matthew J. Steilen
Journal Articles
This Article challenges the view of “prerogative” as a discretionary authority to act outside the law. For seventy years, political scientists, lawyers and judges have drawn on John Locke’s account of prerogative in the Second Treatise, using it to read foundational texts in American constitutional law. American writings on prerogative produced between 1760 and 1788 are rarely discussed (excepting The Federalist), though these materials exist in abundance. Based on a study of over 700 of these texts, including pamphlets, broadsides, letters, essays, newspaper items, state papers, and legislative debates, this Article argues that early Americans almost never used “prerogative” as …
Media Framing Of Wrongful Convictions,
2018
CUNY John Jay College
Media Framing Of Wrongful Convictions, Eza B. Zakirova
Student Theses
Wrongful convictions are a major issue hindering the effectiveness and legitimacy of the criminal justice system. The topic has become a focus of media attention. Among the issues raised are the contributing factors to wrongful convictions, such as false confessions, false or misleading forensic evidence, official misconduct, mistaken witness identification, and perjury or false accusations. The following study examines how media frames these contributing factors of wrongful convictions using Loseke's social constructionist framework, which is useful for deconstructing the issue’s diagnostic, motivational and prognostic frames -- that is, how media consumers assess the causes, solutions, and the reasons to act …
Evaluation Of Illumina’S Forenseqtm Signature Prep Kit For Eye And Hair Color As Well As Biogeographical Ancestry Predictions,
2018
CUNY John Jay College
Evaluation Of Illumina’S Forenseqtm Signature Prep Kit For Eye And Hair Color As Well As Biogeographical Ancestry Predictions, Krupa Vijaykumar Jani
Student Theses
This study examined and analyzed 266 samples using ForenSeqTM Signature Prep Kit B. Samples from various populations such as African American, East Asian, South Asian, European, and Mixed population were included in the study. Primer Mix B targets 27 autosomal STRs (aSTRs), 24 Y-STRs, 7 X-STRs, and 94 identity Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (iSNPs), 24 phenotypic SNPs (pSNPs), and 56 ancestry SNPs (aSNPs), coming to a total of 231 targets. The study mainly focused on the quality of data generated by the instrument as well as for the accuracy of eye and hair color as well as biogeographical ancestry predictions …
Ant Predation Of Blow Flies During Decomposition And Its Potential Impact On Pmi Estimations,
2018
CUNY John Jay College
Ant Predation Of Blow Flies During Decomposition And Its Potential Impact On Pmi Estimations, Vincent J. Nappi
Student Theses
When an organism dies, the process of decomposition begins and many insects are attracted to the decomposing remains, or carrion, as a prospective food source for themselves, or their offspring. Blow flies (Family: Calliphoridae), in particular, are one of the first insects to discover and colonize a dead body due to the ability to detect a decomposing resource from large distances. As a result, forensic entomologists take advantage of the behavior and developmental cycles of early colonizers to calculate the post-mortem interval (PMI) in order to determine the time since death. However, along with the insects that are attracted to …
The American And Swedish Criminal Justice System: A Comparative Study,
2018
East Tennessee State University
The American And Swedish Criminal Justice System: A Comparative Study, Josefin Hedstrom
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Hosting 22 percent of the world’s prison population, the United States is the number one country in the world regarding incarceration rates where 1 in 109 adults are locked up behinds bars and about two-thirds of offenders will recidivate within three years of their release (Durose, Coope, & Snyder, 2014; Kaeble, Glaze, Tsoutis, & Minton, 2016; U.S. Census Bureau, 2015; Walmsley, 2013). Sweden has one of the lowest recidivism and incarceration rates in the world where only 29 percent reoffend and 1 in 2,278 of their total population is behind bars (Kriminalvården, 2017; The World Bank, 2016). The purpose of …
Oops!... I Infringed Again: An Analysis Of U.S. Copyright And Its Intended Beneficiaries,
2018
CUNY Bernard M Baruch College
Oops!... I Infringed Again: An Analysis Of U.S. Copyright And Its Intended Beneficiaries, Gabriele A. Forbes-Bennett
Student Theses and Dissertations
This paper seeks to establish the reasons why federal copyright protection was created, discuss the shifts in reasoning behind major amendments, and explore its effects on copyright holders and the public, with a slight focus on the music industry. Federal copyright has existed in the United States since the late 1700s, with the creation of the Copyright Act in 1790. Adopted from the first copyright law ever created, the English Statute of Anne (1710), the Copyright Act was meant to protect citizens from piracy in a world where the risk of such a thing was rapidly increasing. The stated objective …
Three Strikes Law: Penal Extremism And Draconian Rhetoric,
2018
University of San Francisco
Three Strikes Law: Penal Extremism And Draconian Rhetoric, Marcelo Swofford
Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD
In our modern political history, there has been a separation between the two main political parties, the Democrats and Republicans, on virtually every major issue that has surfaced in our society aside from incarceration, which was emphasized by Democrat Bill Clinton’s introduction of the Three Strikes Law at the beginning of his term in 1994. The logistics of the Three Strikes Law are that once a criminal has been convicted of two violent/serious crimes, once they are convicted of a third felony then they will be sentenced to anything between a 25 year sentence and life sentence; the Three Strikes …
Committed Women: Explaining Rising U.S. Female Imprisonment 1990-2010,
2018
Macalester College
Committed Women: Explaining Rising U.S. Female Imprisonment 1990-2010, Ellen L. Tyler
Economics Honors Projects
Female prison admissions grew 62% between 1990 and 2010, while arrests for females over the same period only increased by 14%. As a larger portion of arrested women have been sent to prison over time, it seems that increased prison admissions over time are not due only to more women committing crimes, but also to more severe punishment for arrested females. Using data on arrests, prison admissions, and county characteristics, I examine factors in the increased arrest rate and imprisonment rate for females and males according to offense type over 1990 to 2010 using panel regressions with county and state-time …
Victimization: Its Impact On Masculinity And Criminal Offending,
2018
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Victimization: Its Impact On Masculinity And Criminal Offending, Shon M. Reed, Alexis Kennedy
Graduate Research Symposium (2018 - present)
Male victims are an underrepresented group within society. Prior research has indicated that male vic,ms may feel a diminished sense of their own masculinity. Criminology has iden,fied that masculinity does play a role in some men’s decisions to engage in criminal behavior (Messerschmidt, 1993, 2016). It seems logical that these two concepts would be related. Utlizing self‐reported data from 135 college males, the current study analyzes the rela,onship between childhood vic,miza,on, masculinity beliefs, and the decision to engage in criminal/delinquent behavior.
Assessing Bias In Regression Estimates Using Monte Carlo Simulations: Examples In Criminal Justice Research,
2018
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Assessing Bias In Regression Estimates Using Monte Carlo Simulations: Examples In Criminal Justice Research, Matthew P. West, Melissa Rorie, Mark A. Cohen
Graduate Research Symposium (2018 - present)
Can we trust published results? Problems with bias in reported results: “Do social scientists even know anything?” Failed replications (“repligate”). Inaccurate inferences about important relationships (Type I and Type II errors). Inaccurate power analyses for future studies. To avoid these problems, researchers need tools to rigorously evaluate statistical models. The Monte Carlo method is one tool that can be used to evaluate bias in model estimates
The 1492 Jewish Expulsion From Spain: How Identity Politics And Economics Converged,
2018
Georgia Southern University
The 1492 Jewish Expulsion From Spain: How Identity Politics And Economics Converged, Michelina Restaino
Honors College Theses
In 1492, after Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand defeated the last Muslim stronghold on the Iberian Peninsula, they presented the Jewish community throughout their kingdoms with a choice: leaving or converting to Catholicism. The Spanish kingdoms had been anti-Jewish for centuries, forcing the creation of ghettos, the use of identifying clothing, etc. in an effort to isolate and “other” the Jews, who unsuccessfully sought peaceful co-existence. Those who did not accept expulsion, but converted, were the subject of further prejudice stemming from a belief that Jewish blood was tainted and that conversions were undertaken for financial gain. The government’s dramatic …
Acknowledgments,
2018
James Madison University
Acknowledgments, Howard S. Carrier
International Journal on Responsibility
Serious work to bring the International Journal on Responsibility to life commenced during the summer of 2015. In the intervening period between conceptualization and publication, many organizations and individuals within James Madison University and the wider community have contributed enormously to bringing the journal to fruition.
Who Is Responsible For Ethical Legal Education, For What And To Whom? Case Of Kosovo,
2018
Haxhi Zeka University
Who Is Responsible For Ethical Legal Education, For What And To Whom? Case Of Kosovo, Sabiha Shala, Gjylbehare Muharti
International Journal on Responsibility
Legal education continues to be one of the most demanded areas of study from the younger generation in Kosovo. As result, the number of law graduates is quite high. On the other hand, the rule of law sector is quite fragile, judges and lawyers are perceived by parts of the society to be ethically dysfunctional. The trust in judicial institutions is quite low. The debate which is going on now is whose main responsibility for such a situation that is. Is the duty of the higher education institutions providing legal education, or is it a responsibility of educational institutions at …
Resolving The Paradox Of Holding People Responsible,
2018
Indiana University Bloomington
Resolving The Paradox Of Holding People Responsible, Hal Pepinsky
International Journal on Responsibility
Regardless of justification, it is commonplace throughout the U.S. criminal justice system as in everyday life to teach our offenders and children alike that wrong actions “have consequences,” namely, those authority figures promise to impose upon them. We do so in the name of holding people responsible for their actions, or in legal parlance in civil law, holding them accountable or liable. I noticed that in Norwegian, responsibility, accountability and liability translate into one word, ansvar, which I have translated from Germanic to Latin roots as “responsiveness.” In practice, the state of being responsive to others with whom one conflicts …
