Survey Of U.S. Undergraduate Self-Reported Opioid Diversion And Heroin Use, Motives, Sources, And Collective Efficacy As Mediating Factors,
2019
Walden University
Survey Of U.S. Undergraduate Self-Reported Opioid Diversion And Heroin Use, Motives, Sources, And Collective Efficacy As Mediating Factors, Mark Francis Plaushin
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Epic morbidity and mortality, and intractability make prescription opioid diversion a wicked problem. Meanwhile, college undergraduates are vulnerable to opioid misuse and its consequences. The purpose of this quantitative study was to assess U.S. undergraduate students' opioid misuse and the relationship between mediating factors. The study's theoretical framework rested on Wakeland's et al. opioid system model and Shaw and McKay's social disorganization theory. This study bridged the gap, measuring collective efficacy and testing its relationship to undergraduate decisions to regulate misuse. Thus, research questions focused on gauging the problem's scope and assessing relationships between factors that drive or potentially regulate …
Quantitative Analysis Of Xylene Mixtures Using A Handheld Raman Spectrometer,
2019
Pace University
Quantitative Analysis Of Xylene Mixtures Using A Handheld Raman Spectrometer, Lauren Reilly
Honors College Theses
No abstract provided.
Analysis Of Over-The-Counter Antihistamines Through Raman Spectroscopy And Density Functional Theory Calculations,
2019
Pace University
Analysis Of Over-The-Counter Antihistamines Through Raman Spectroscopy And Density Functional Theory Calculations, Lyric Wyan
Honors College Theses
No abstract provided.
Sentencing Length Disparities: Assessing Why Race And Gender Influence Judges’ Decisions,
2019
Claremont Colleges
Sentencing Length Disparities: Assessing Why Race And Gender Influence Judges’ Decisions, Janna Akers
Scripps Senior Theses
The purpose of this study is to assess why the race and gender of defendants influence judges’ decisions using the focal concern theory. This study will require around 84 participants. Participants will be federal judges who will be recruited via email. In an online survey, participants will be randomly assigned to one of four conditions . Participants will all read a vignette which an individual was convicted for in trafficking of Xanax. The vignette will be manipulated by the name and accompanying a mugshot based on the race (Black/White) and gender (male/female) of the defendant. The expected result is that …
Federal Offices Of Inspectors General: The Relationship Between Per Capita Staffing Levels And Performance Results,
2019
Nova Southeastern University
Federal Offices Of Inspectors General: The Relationship Between Per Capita Staffing Levels And Performance Results, Craig Yuen
Theses and Dissertations
Each year, the federal government spends trillions of dollars on operations and in awarding contracts, grants, loans, and other forms of financial assistance. Federal Offices of Inspectors General (OIGs) are charged with auditing and investigating fraud, waste, abuse, and misconduct affecting the government. There are 73 such OIGs – 40 of which have law enforcement authority and oversight responsibilities for a parent agency – and each is a separate organization with varying staffing levels and performance results. This study examined, on a per capita level, the relationship between staffing levels and performance results (criminal charges filed, financial recoveries, and questioned …
A Multiple Case-Study Approach To Examine Police Officers Perceptions On Narcan® Policies,
2019
Nova Southeastern University
A Multiple Case-Study Approach To Examine Police Officers Perceptions On Narcan® Policies, Casey Gnann
Theses and Dissertations
In October 2017, President Trump officially declared the opioid epidemic to be a public health emergency. Reports from the CDC indicate that over 140 Americans die per day as a result of an opioid overdose (NPR, 2017). This statistic alone highlights the tragic effects of the current opioid climate. To date, an abundance of research has been conducted on opioid addicts, family members, doctors approach to addiction, etc. However, there is a gap in the research regarding law enforcement officers and their ever-changing role in the fight against opioids. As the opioid epidemic has continued to worsen, many law enforcement …
The Ferguson Effect On Police Officers' Culture And Perceptions In Local Police Departments,
2019
Walden University
The Ferguson Effect On Police Officers' Culture And Perceptions In Local Police Departments, Rarkimm K. Fields
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
The Ferguson effect is a recent hypothesis that suggests police officers have been influenced by negative media coverage of police conduct. The problem this study addressed is how policing continues to deal with perception, civil liability, and accountability issues related to police misconduct when interacting with Latino and African-American communities. The research was conducted to examine influence the Ferguson effect may have had on the culture and perceptions of police officers in local police departments. With a phenomenological qualitative approach, the research data were collected from interviews with 7 police officers across 3 police departments. The theoretical background of Merton's …
The Use Of Compassionate Release Policies For Elderly Offenders,
2019
Walden University
The Use Of Compassionate Release Policies For Elderly Offenders, Lindsey Martin
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
This research examined the use of compassionate release policy in response to the fastest-increasing segment of the prison population- elderly offenders. Though this policy is an approach to this problem, there was little available research regarding which correctional organizations in the United States adopt compassionate release and how it is used. The purpose of this nonexperimental comparative quantitative study was to examine the use of the policy in neighboring and distant state correctional systems relative to those organizations that used the policy more frequently to determine if the leader-laggard theory of policy diffusion was an effective policy-implementation framework. The research …
Exploring The Factors Responsible For Occupational Stress Among Police Officers In Nigeria,
2019
Walden University
Exploring The Factors Responsible For Occupational Stress Among Police Officers In Nigeria, Ahmed Lateef
Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies
Over 90 percent of police officers in Nigeria are confronted with psychological illness and injuries as a result of occupational stress, which is compounded by a lack of attention to police officer welfare by government, insufficient annual leave, and poor salaries that contribute to poor performance. Using Karasek's demands on decision and control model as the foundation, the purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the impact of occupational stress on police officers in a metropolitan police agency in Nigeria. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 15 senior police officers who had at least 20 years experience in …
Cannabinoid Conundrum: A Study Of Anti-Epileptic Efficacy And Drug Policy,
2019
University of Mississippi
Cannabinoid Conundrum: A Study Of Anti-Epileptic Efficacy And Drug Policy, Kennedy Dickson
Honors Theses
Cannabis is the most commonly used, cultivated, and trafficked drug worldwide. The use and acceptance of marijuana is evolving rapidly, as indicated by the volume of new State cannabis legislation across the U.S. Many of the changes in state laws have occurred without significant input from medical or scientific communities. Additionally, marijuana policy in the US is convoluted with significant inconsistencies between state and federal law. The status of marijuana as a Schedule I drug under the Controlled Substance Act creates numerous restrictions and issues that impact the industry as a whole. The most promising development has been the 2018 …
Development Of A Dart-Mass Spectral Database For 3d-Printed Firearm Polymers, And Airborne Mercury At Three Lakes In North Mississippi,
2019
University of Mississippi
Development Of A Dart-Mass Spectral Database For 3d-Printed Firearm Polymers, And Airborne Mercury At Three Lakes In North Mississippi, Parker Ball
Honors Theses
This research focuses on two studies: a development towards a DART-mass spectral database for 3D-printed firearm polymers, and a test for airborne mercury concentrations at three lakes in North Mississippi. With the relatively recent developments in 3D-printing technology, 3D-printed firearms have become increasingly prevalent as they have become more accessible to the public. Despite its growing popularity, little research has been done regarding the forensic analysis of evidence from 3D-printed firearms. Using DART-MS in conjunction with thermal desorption techniques, we obtained the mass spectra for 50 different commercially available 3D-printing polymers. Chemometric analysis was done to account for the high …
Al-Qaida, Boko Haram, And Isis: Tracking The Shift In Women’S Involvement,
2019
University of Mississippi
Al-Qaida, Boko Haram, And Isis: Tracking The Shift In Women’S Involvement, Anna Therese Beavers
Honors Theses
This paper discusses the shift in women’s roles in Islamic extremist groups over the last two decades. Focusing on three violent Sunni groups, al-Qaida, Boko Haram, and ISIS, the research aims to fill gaps in United States and global counterterrorism and reintegration efforts by providing a comprehensive, accurate, and timely assessment of the recent change in women’s roles in terrorist organizations, shifting from foundational to limited operational to fully operational. The shift occurred and continues to unfold as several moving parts have fallen into place to create this situation. Women’s desire to participate at a more operational level, the need …
Screening Sexual Assault Evidence With Low Concentrations Of Male Dna Utilizing The Rapidhit 200 And Paradna Intelligence Test,
2019
West Virginia University
Screening Sexual Assault Evidence With Low Concentrations Of Male Dna Utilizing The Rapidhit 200 And Paradna Intelligence Test, Taylor L. Koepfler
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)
Over the last several years, crime laboratories have largely focused on the sexual assault kit (SAK) backlog, where they are often confronted with many low-quality samples. The lack of available screening techniques has prevented analysts from gaining insight into the disposition of the sample earlier on in the testing process; requiring analysts to rely on visual observations and little background information. Consequently, resulting in the hindrance of probative STR profiles while expending a large amount of time and resources to gain this result. In recent years, crime laboratories have explored a male screening technique, recommended by SWGDAM, to combat this …
Intelligence-Led Policing: Linking Local And State Policies To Establish A Comdefinition,
2019
University of Mississippi
Intelligence-Led Policing: Linking Local And State Policies To Establish A Comdefinition, Chad B. Prosser
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This research project studied agencies within local and state levels through their official policies in order to establish a comdefinition of ILP while establishing themes that link the predominate policing methodologies together. A definition could not be generated based on the data analyzed. Despite this, three themes emerged that link ILP agencies to agencies that implement other policing philosophies: Intelligence, Community, and Analysis. The majority of agencies do not implement ILP; however, almost all of the agencies within the sample frame of this study acknowledge or implement certain portions of the ILP methodology making it a flexible alternative to implement …
The Stability Paradox Of Special Immigrant Juvenile Status Backlogs: Unstable Policy Implementation For A Stability-Aimed Visa,
2019
Claremont Colleges
The Stability Paradox Of Special Immigrant Juvenile Status Backlogs: Unstable Policy Implementation For A Stability-Aimed Visa, Lanna Seline Sanchez
Pomona Senior Theses
As of May 2016, the U.S. State Department officially declared a priority date for all green cards for applicants from El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras that capped the number of visas granted to individuals from these three countries to just 10,000 per year. This inherently created a two to three-year backlog for Special Immigrant Juvenile Status applicants from these countries as well, meaning that SIJS petitioners will remain undocumented for periods of up to six years until their petition is adjudicated by USCIS and their priority date arrives. I research whether the increasingly difficult path to obtaining permanent residency through …
Organizational Injustice And Police Misconduct: Predicting Organizational Defiance Among Police Officers,
2019
The University of Texas at Tyler
Organizational Injustice And Police Misconduct: Predicting Organizational Defiance Among Police Officers, Paul Reynolds, Richard Helfers
Criminal Justice Faculty Publications and Presentations
Copious research supports the association between organizational justice and employee performance. This study utilizes organizational justice as a theoretical framework to predict self-reported police misconduct. In particular, this study builds upon recent work into police officers’ behavioral responses to perceived injustice by exploring the link between perceptions of overall organizational injustice and three forms of police defiance: 1) using departmental rules, policies, or laws against the administration when needed, 2) purposely undermining the administration’s goals, and 3) disregarding organizational policies and procedures. Data was collected using an online self-report survey distributed to a convenience sample of sworn police officers that …
Gun Control: The Gun Violence Epidemic In The U.S.,
2019
The University of Akron
Gun Control: The Gun Violence Epidemic In The U.S., Anna Koduru
Williams Honors College, Honors Research Projects
While holding almost half of all civilian-owned guns around the globe and yet only 4.4 percent of the world’s population, the United States of America is heavily centered around gun rights due to the 2nd amendment in the U.S. Constitution. But gun violence is on the rise as deaths due to gun violence are at its highest rate in nearly 40 years. Americans are divided amongst themselves when it comes to how we must approach this issue. In order to reduce gun violence in the U.S., both Republican and Democrat leaders must come together and make bipartisan moves to implement …
Social Cohesion Among Individuals Participating In Re-Entry Groups,
2019
University of Texas at El Paso
Social Cohesion Among Individuals Participating In Re-Entry Groups, Todd Reiser
Open Access Theses & Dissertations
When prisoners are released from incarceration they enter a social landscape that holds unique challenges. One of the ways humans living within social systems understand their place and role is through the mechanism of religion. This study investigates how group religious practice establishes a shared worldview among those recently released from prison; a worldview that promotes the creation of positive social cohesion which contribute to life improvements, social mobility, and social status changes. "Social networks may include friendship circles in local congregations, scripture study groups and relationships with religious leaders who serve as role models for individuals" (Kerley et al …
The Puzzle Of Inciting Suicide,
2019
State University of New York at Buffalo
The Puzzle Of Inciting Suicide, Guyora Binder, Luis E. Chiesa
Journal Articles
In 2017, a Massachusetts court convicted Michelle Carter of manslaughter for encouraging the suicide of Conrad Roy by text message, but imposed a sentence of only 15 months. The conviction was unprecedented in imposing homicide liability for verbal encouragement of apparently voluntary suicide. Yet if Carter killed, her purpose that Roy die arguably merited liability for murder and a much longer sentence. This Article argues that our ambivalence about whether and how much to punish Carter reflects suicide’s dual character as both a harm to be prevented and a choice to be respected. As such, the Carter case requires us …
A Practitioner Survey Exploring The Value Of Forensic Tools, Ai, Filtering, & Safer Presentation For Investigating Child Sexual Abuse Material,
2019
University of New Haven
A Practitioner Survey Exploring The Value Of Forensic Tools, Ai, Filtering, & Safer Presentation For Investigating Child Sexual Abuse Material, Laura Sanchez, Cinthya Grajeda, Ibrahim Baggili, Cory Hall
Electrical & Computer Engineering and Computer Science Faculty Publications
For those investigating cases of Child Sexual Abuse Material (CSAM), there is the potential harm of experiencing trauma after illicit content exposure over a period of time. Research has shown that those working on such cases can experience psychological distress. As a result, there has been a greater effort to create and implement technologies that reduce exposure to CSAM. However, not much work has explored gathering insight regarding the functionality, effectiveness, accuracy, and importance of digital forensic tools and data science technologies from practitioners who use them. This study focused specifically on examining the value practitioners give to the tools …
