2024 May 2 - Tennessee Weekly Drought Summary,
2024
East Tennessee State University
2024 May 2 - Tennessee Weekly Drought Summary, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University
Tennessee Climate Office Weekly Drought Summaries
No abstract provided.
Including Methane Emissions From Agricultural Ponds In National Greenhouse Gas Inventories,
2024
Deakin University, Australia
Including Methane Emissions From Agricultural Ponds In National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Martino E. Malerba, Tertius De Kluyver, Nicholas J. Wright, Odebiri Omosalewa, Peter I. Macreadie
Climate Science Research Articles
Agricultural ponds are a significant source of greenhouse gases, contributing to the ongoing challenge of anthropogenic climate change. Nations are encouraged to account for these emissions in their national greenhouse gas inventory reports. We present a remote sensing approach using open-access satellite imagery to estimate total methane emissions from agricultural ponds that account for (1) monthly fluctuations in the surface area of individual ponds, (2) rates of historical accumulation of agricultural ponds, and (3) the temperature dependence of methane emissions. As a case study, we used this method to inform the 2024 National Greenhouse Gas Inventory reports submitted by the …
El Nino Prediction At 1- And 3- Year Lead Times Driven By The Western North Pacific Precursor And Their Impacts,
2024
Utah State University
El Nino Prediction At 1- And 3- Year Lead Times Driven By The Western North Pacific Precursor And Their Impacts, Krishna Borhara
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Fall 2023 to Present
The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is a climate variability characterized by fluctuations in the atmospheric and upper ocean conditions of the tropical Pacific Ocean that result in either warmer- or colder-than-average sea surface temperatures (SST) in the tropical eastern Pacific. These changes cause variations in weather and climate in distant locations through large-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. These variations often manifest in form of adverse effects or extremes such as heat waves, droughts, or floods, making efforts towards improving ENSO prediction critical in mitigating its impact on various sectors. This dissertation focuses on how interactions between the atmosphere and ocean in …
2024 May - Tennessee Monthly Climate Report,
2024
East Tennessee State University
2024 May - Tennessee Monthly Climate Report, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University
Tennessee Climate Office Monthly Reports
No abstract provided.
Changes In Zooplankton Community Structure In A Wetland Metacommunity Following Homogenization From Flooding,
2024
Montclair State University
Changes In Zooplankton Community Structure In A Wetland Metacommunity Following Homogenization From Flooding, Kevin Peteroy
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Wetlands in urban areas provide ecosystem services that benefit the environment and society. Through these services, wetlands are able to help mitigate consequences of human activities such as flooding by increasing permeable surface coverage and contaminant filtering from polluted runoff. One such type of wetland, vernal pools, provide important temporary habitat for many organisms, including myriad zooplankton species. For planktonic organisms, flooding events might be disruptive or allow them to disperse to areas that would be otherwise inaccessible. I observed changing abiotic conditions and zooplankton communities in 20 vernal pools at a wetland in Wayne, New Jersey, USA over a …
Relationship Between Marine Heatwaves And Diadema Antillarum Settlement In The Florida Keys,
2024
Montclair State University
Relationship Between Marine Heatwaves And Diadema Antillarum Settlement In The Florida Keys, David Ogando Jr.
Theses, Dissertations and Culminating Projects
Ocean warming can have profound impacts on benthic marine invertebrates through direct physiological effects. Yet, the impacts of ocean warming on the long-spined sea urchin (Diadema antillarum), a keystone grazer on western Atlantic and Caribbean coral reefs, has received little attention. In the summer of 2023, the Caribbean basin experienced a strong marine heatwave event with sea temperatures ~1–3°C above average and the warmest on record in southern Florida. An ongoing field settlement sampling program for D. antillarum in the Florida Keys provided an opportunity to examine the correlative relationship between thermal exposure and larval settlement. Thermal exposure was quantified …
A Multi-Century Reconstruction Of Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity, And Density From A Northern Red Sea Coral.,
2024
University at Albany, State University of New York
A Multi-Century Reconstruction Of Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity, And Density From A Northern Red Sea Coral., Daliza Nanette Rivera-Matos
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The Red Sea Outflow Water (RSOW), an intermediate water mass formed in the northern Red Sea, is a primary Red Sea water circulation process. Understanding these water circulation processes gives us an insight into this region's climate dynamics. The intermediate water formation is one of the main processes of the water circulation in the northern Red Sea and feeds the Indian Ocean with saltier and colder water. Despite understanding the RSWO's association with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), its historical response to this climate mode remains unclear. There has not been a long-term record to analyze the relationship between the …
Understanding Variations And Trends In Convection Over The Congo Basin From A Diurnal Perspective,
2024
University at Albany, State University of New York
Understanding Variations And Trends In Convection Over The Congo Basin From A Diurnal Perspective, Kathrin Alber
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Tropical rainforests regulate global and regional climate systems and play a vital role in the world’s water and carbon cycles. The Congo Basin, situated in central equatorial Africa, is home to the second largest rainforest on the planet and is one of the most convective regions in the world. Recent studies indicate that a large-scale and long-term drying trend, characterized by an increase in dry season length, a decrease in forest greenness, and a decrease in precipitation, has been stressing the region since the 1980’s. Despite the alarming drying trend and the Congo’s important role in the planetary circulation and …
The Impact Of Wildfire Activities On Air Quality And Solar Energy In New York And California,
2024
University at Albany, State University of New York
The Impact Of Wildfire Activities On Air Quality And Solar Energy In New York And California, Chin-An Lin
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
An increasing trend of wildfire activity over North America over the past decades has been observed. Elevated surface fine mode particulate matter (PM2.5) concentration and reduction of solar radiation during the smoke episodes have been widely reported. Given that the intensity and frequency of wildfires are expected to increase under changing climate, the impact of smoke aerosols on air quality and solar energy could become more significant. This study aims to characterize the transport of smoke aerosols and quantify their impact on local air quality and solar energy over New York (NY) and California (CA) States. A multi-year analysis of …
The Role Of Climate Feedbacks, Poleward Energy Transport, And Clouds In Causing Arctic Amplification And Their Link To Sea-Ice Loss,
2024
University at Albany, State University of New York
The Role Of Climate Feedbacks, Poleward Energy Transport, And Clouds In Causing Arctic Amplification And Their Link To Sea-Ice Loss, Matthew Todd Jenkins
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Arctic amplification (AA) refers to larger warming in the Northern high latitudes than the rest of the world under increased greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations. Many processes have been suggested to influence AA such as sea-ice loss, positive climate feedbacks, enhanced downwelling longwave (LW) radiation from increased water vapor and cloud cover, or enhanced poleward energy transport. However, many of these processes are coupled with each other and with Arctic warming, making it difficult to separate and quantify their individual contributions to Arctic warming and AA. This dissertation focuses on the roles of sea-ice loss, climate feedbacks, cloud property changes, and …
Cultural And Environmental Change In A Period Of Westernized Tourism: Bali, Indonesia,
2024
University at Albany, State University of New York
Cultural And Environmental Change In A Period Of Westernized Tourism: Bali, Indonesia, Barbara Buck
ALL - Honors Theses
Dutch colonizers opened Bali for tourism at the beginning of the 20th century, and since that time tourism has led to changes in Bali’s culture, environment, and local resources. In the late 1900s, tourism grew to a new level, which resulted in a shift of industry control away from Balinese people. This project examines the problem of tourism from a social and environmental science lens. By compiling literature and science from various fields of study, this project aims to illustrate the complexity of Bali’s tourism problem in an interdisciplinary way. The lack of local control over tourism perpetuated and exacerbated …
Evaluating And Enhancing The New York State Mesonet (Nysm) Snow Accumulation Estimation,
2024
University at Albany, State University of New York
Evaluating And Enhancing The New York State Mesonet (Nysm) Snow Accumulation Estimation, Christopher Gilberti
ALL - Honors Theses
This research project aims to examine and enhance the performance of the New York State Mesonet (NYSM) Snow Accumulation Estimation. The NYSM is a state-of-the-art network of 126 standard weather stations located across the state of New York, collecting high-quality meteorological data to improve forecast accuracy, reduce uncertainty, and mitigate harm. All NYSM standard stations measure snow depth with Campbell Scientific’s SR50A ultrasonic distance sensor. This acoustic sensor measures the distance from the sensor to a rigid snowboard if there is no snow on the ground or the top of snow layer. A reference distance and a temperature correction are …
Categorizing The Societal Impacts From Extreme Rainfall In The New York City Metropolitan Area,
2024
University at Albany, State University of New York
Categorizing The Societal Impacts From Extreme Rainfall In The New York City Metropolitan Area, Evan Belkin
ALL - Honors Theses
Numerous studies have shown that the frequency and intensity of extreme rainfall events have increased significantly across the contiguous United States (CONUS) over the past several decades associated with warming global temperatures. This surge in extreme rainfall has resulted in the loss of life and property within vulnerable communities due to widespread river and flash flooding. For example, 11 of the 14 fatalities in New York City associated with Tropical Cyclone Ida’s remnants in September 2021 occurred in flooded basement apartments. The creation of a scale to differentiate extreme rainfall events with higher societal impacts from those with lower impacts …
Diurnal To Seasonal Hurricane Variability And Predictability,
2024
University at Albany, State University of New York
Diurnal To Seasonal Hurricane Variability And Predictability, Jeremiah Otero Piersante
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Prediction of tropical cyclone (TC) impact extends across a range of forecast lead times. At shorter timescales, radially outward-propagating, diurnal pulses in TCs are associated with TC intensity and structure changes. At weekly periods, synoptic-scale Rossby waves influence the direction of TC tracks. At seasonal timescales, climate modes affect the overall (in)favorability of TC activity. The research shown in this dissertation seeks to improve the understanding and predictability of TC variability across these scales using numerical weather prediction, reanalysis fields, and storm track observations.Diurnal pulses associated with cloud-top cooling, so-called cooling pulses (CPs), pose a risk for hazardous weather because …
Examining The Performance Of The High-Resolution Rapid Refresh Model During Clear, Isolated, And Widespread Convective Days In The New York State Capital Region,
2024
University at Albany, State University of New York
Examining The Performance Of The High-Resolution Rapid Refresh Model During Clear, Isolated, And Widespread Convective Days In The New York State Capital Region, Rachel A. Eldridge
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Forecasting can be more challenging in areas of complex terrain, such as in and around the valleys and mountains of Upstate New York. Biases in numerical weather prediction models, related to the lack of resolution of the terrain and errors in physical parameterizations, can affect forecasts. The main goal of this research is to assess biases in the High-Resolution Rapid Refresh (HRRR) model that could contribute to deficiencies in forecasts for days with and without convection. We investigate how the HRRR model performed in the New York Capital Region for 4 clear days, 4 isolated convective days, and 4 widespread …
Opportunities For Urban Resilience To Climate Change: Understanding Local Climate Perceptions, Motivations, And Barriers To Green Infrastructure Use,
2024
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Opportunities For Urban Resilience To Climate Change: Understanding Local Climate Perceptions, Motivations, And Barriers To Green Infrastructure Use, Emmilene Berski
Department of Geography: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Global climate change poses a substantial threat to cities in the United States, particularly through increases in flooding and extreme heat. Cities must adapt to these threats to preserve their residents’ livelihoods and prevent economic loss. One adaptation strategy is the implementation of green infrastructure (GI). The opportunity for GI to foster urban resilience to climate change necessitates a deeper understanding of the extent to which cities utilize GI as a strategy for local climate change adaptation as well as perceptions and motivations surrounding the use of GI at a local level. I sought to address this need through a …
Coastal-Ocean And Estuarine Acidification In Long Bay, South Carolina: A Comparison Of In-Situ Water Quality Monitoring With Measured Carbonate System Parameters,
2024
Coastal Carolina University
Coastal-Ocean And Estuarine Acidification In Long Bay, South Carolina: A Comparison Of In-Situ Water Quality Monitoring With Measured Carbonate System Parameters, Mary Olsen
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
One of the major water-quality issues impacting our coast and estuaries is coastal-ocean and estuarine acidification. Due to a relative dearth of data in the southeastern United States it is increasingly difficult to determine the full extent and intensity of this problem. This study provides the first characterization of coastal-ocean and estuarine acidification in Long Bay, SC by attempting to leverage long-term water quality data sets at two coastal-ocean pier sites using in-situ YSI EXO sondes deployed at both the surface and bottom waters along with two estuarine sites sampled by volunteer monitors using Orion star multi-meters. Discrete samples (120) …
Understanding The Zonal Variability In Cmip6 Projections Of Sahelian Precipitation,
2024
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Understanding The Zonal Variability In Cmip6 Projections Of Sahelian Precipitation, Emmanuel Ogwuche Audu
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The uncertainty in model projections of future precipitation across the Sahel has persisted across many generations of Earth System Models (ESMs), with some models predicting drying and others moistening across this region. These discrepancies in future projections pose a challenge for stakeholders and decision makers. Many projections of Sahel precipitation found in the ESMs participating in the sixth phase of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP6) show a zonal dipole in precipitation trend, with moistening across the Central and Eastern Sahel and drying projected for the Western Sahel. Previous studies have connected precipitation variability across the Sahel to changes in various …
Polarimetric Radar Signatures In Significant Severe Left-Moving Supercells,
2024
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Polarimetric Radar Signatures In Significant Severe Left-Moving Supercells, Raychel Nelson
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Left-moving (LM) supercells, though rarer than right-moving (RM) supercells, may produce significant severe weather. However, there are very few existing studies on LM supercells, particularly polarimetric radar analyses. The upgrade of the nationwide Weather Surveillance Radar-1988 Doppler (WSR-88D) network to polarimetric capability and subsequent studies vastly improved understanding of RM supercells, but similar efforts have largely not been made for LM supercells. This study employs an automated polarimetric radar signature detection algorithm to examine a dataset of significant severe (hail ≥ 2.00”, wind ≥ 65 kts) LM supercells to quantify their polarimetric signatures. Comparisons are made with RM supercells to …
A Dual-Polarimetric Analysis Of A Large Sample Of Left-Moving Supercells,
2024
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
A Dual-Polarimetric Analysis Of A Large Sample Of Left-Moving Supercells, Ben Schweigert
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Supercells have been researched extensively since they were first described over 50 years ago. They are prolific severe weather producers, responsible for the most severe hail, severe wind gusts, and tornadoes. These rotating thunderstorms require attention from forecasters to protect life and property from their threats, most effectively done with Doppler radars. While extensive amounts of radar-based investigations have been completed, they focused almost exclusively on right-moving (RM) supercells, resulting in a knowledge gap surrounding their counter-rotating (left-moving, LM) partners. This study works to fill the void by developing a dataset of LM supercells and analyzing the dual-polarimetric features observed …
