Philanthropic Gifts And New Partnerships Highlight President Broderick's 12th State Of The University Address,
2019
Old Dominion University
Philanthropic Gifts And New Partnerships Highlight President Broderick's 12th State Of The University Address, Noell Saunders
News Items
No abstract provided.
Global Sinusoidal Seasonality In Precipitation Isotopes,
2019
ETH Zurich
Global Sinusoidal Seasonality In Precipitation Isotopes, Scott T. Allen, Scott Jasechko, Wouter R. Berghuijs, Jeffrey M. Welker, Gregory R. Goldsmith, James W. Kirchner
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Quantifying seasonal variations in precipitation δ2H and δ18O is important for many stable isotope applications, including inferring plant water sources and streamflow ages. Our objective is to develop a data product that concisely quantifies the seasonality of stable isotope ratios in precipitation. We fit sine curves defined by amplitude, phase, and offset parameters to quantify annual precipitation isotope cycles at 653 meteorological stations on all seven continents. At most of these stations, including in tropical and subtropical regions, sine curves can represent the seasonal cycles in precipitation isotopes. Additionally, the amplitude, phase, and offset parameters of …
Observations Of Internal Waves Generated By An Anticyclonic Eddy: A Case Study In The Ice Edge Region Of The Greenland Sea,
2019
Nansen Scientific Society
Observations Of Internal Waves Generated By An Anticyclonic Eddy: A Case Study In The Ice Edge Region Of The Greenland Sea, O. M. Johannessen, S. Sandven, I. P. Chunchuzov, R. A. Shuchman
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1
Internal waves in the ocean play an important role in turbulence generation due to wave-breaking processes and mixing of the ocean. Airborne radar images of internal waves and ocean eddies north of Svalbard suggested that ocean eddies could generate internal waves. Here, we test this hypothesis using data from a dedicated internal wave experiment in the Greenland Sea. Internal waves with dominant frequencies of 1–3 cycles per hour and amplitudes up to 15 m were observed using three thermistor chains suspended from a drifting array conveniently placed on the ice in a triangle with sides of several km. Analysis shows …
Climatological Changes: Meteorological Parameters Affecting The Spatial Redistribution Of U.S. Tornadoes,
2019
Purdue University
Climatological Changes: Meteorological Parameters Affecting The Spatial Redistribution Of U.S. Tornadoes, Ashley Dicks
The Journal of Purdue Undergraduate Research
Climatological changes in the environments of key meteorological parameters that affect Significant Tornado Days (SigTorDs) have been determined for two active tornado regions defined as Box α and Box β, centered, respectively, over Oklahoma and Alabama and their respective environs. The North American Regional Reanalysis data was selected for 1980–2013, providing two successive 17-year periods corresponding to the last 34 years of previous research findings that focused on the aforementioned regions. This data record also corresponds to an increasing surface air temperature trend for the continental United States. Period I (1980–1996) and Period II (1997–2013) defined the years of changing …
Integrated Numerical Model For The Simulation Of The T.S. Taipei Oil Spill,
2019
Departmentof Marine Environmental Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Integrated Numerical Model For The Simulation Of The T.S. Taipei Oil Spill, Cheng-Di Dong, Thi-Hong-Hanh Nguyen, Tien-Hung Hou, Chia-Cheng Tsai
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
In this study, two freely available models, the hydrodynamic model Princeton Ocean Model (POM) and the oil spill model OpenOil, are integrated to simulate the T.S. Taipei oil spill that occurred on March 10, 2016. In these models, the amount of oil spilled into the sea is distributed among a large number of small and equal mass particles. Meteorological data such as wind velocity, air surface temperature, and current data from the POM are used as inputs. The Lagrangian particle traction with prescribed advection and reaction is used to model the spilled oil. The results are compared with in-situ observations …
Toward Improved Understanding Of Black And Brown Carbon Radiative Impacts Over South Asia,
2019
Washington University in St. Louis
Toward Improved Understanding Of Black And Brown Carbon Radiative Impacts Over South Asia, Apoorva Pandey
McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations
Atmospheric aerosols directly affect the Earth’s radiative budget by absorbing and scattering solar radiation. Carbonaceous aerosols constitute 20-90% of the global aerosol mass burden and are recognized by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change as important drivers of direct radiative forcing (DRF). Aerosol radiative impacts have been implicated in regional atmospheric warming in South Asia: changing Indian monsoon patterns, and accelerating melting of the Himalayan glaciers. There are systematic global discrepancies between estimates of aerosol absorption optical depths derived from observations and those from climate models. Over South Asia, models predict six times lower aerosol absorption than ground-based observations, leading …
Extensive Soot Compaction By Cloud Processing From Laboratory And Field Observations,
2019
Michigan Technological University
Extensive Soot Compaction By Cloud Processing From Laboratory And Field Observations, Janarjan Bhandari, Swarup China, Kamal Kant Chandrakar, Greg Kinney, Will Cantrell, Raymond Shaw, Lynn Mazzoleni, Giulia Girotto, Noopur Sharma, Kyle Gorkowski, Stefania Gilardoni, Stefano Decesari, Maria Cristina Facchini, Nicola Zanca, Giulia Pavese, Francesco Esposito, Manvendra K Dubey, Allison C Aiken, Rajan K Chakrabarty, Hans Moosmüller, Timothy B Onasch, Rahul A Zaveri, Barbara V Scarnato, Paulo Fialho, Claudio Mazzoleni
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1
Soot particles form during combustion of carbonaceous materials and impact climate and air quality. When freshly emitted, they are typically fractal-like aggregates. After atmospheric aging, they can act as cloud condensation nuclei, and water condensation or evaporation restructure them to more compact aggregates, affecting their optical, aerodynamic, and surface properties. Here we survey the morphology of ambient soot particles from various locations and different environmental and aging conditions. We used electron microscopy and show extensive soot compaction after cloud processing. We further performed laboratory experiments to simulate atmospheric cloud processing under controlled conditions. We find that soot particles sampled after …
Seastar: A Mission To Study Ocean Submesoscale Dynamics And Small-Scale Atmosphere-Ocean Processes In Coastal, Shelf And Polar Seas,
2019
National Oceanography Centre, Southampton
Seastar: A Mission To Study Ocean Submesoscale Dynamics And Small-Scale Atmosphere-Ocean Processes In Coastal, Shelf And Polar Seas, Christine Gommenginger, Bertrand Chapron, Andy Hogg, Christian Buckingham, Baylor Fox-Kemper, Leif Eriksson, Francois Soulat, Clement Ubelmann, Francisco Ocampo-Torres, Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli, David Griffin, Paco Lopez-Dekker, Per Knudsen, Ole Andersen, Lars Stenseng, Neil Stapleton, William Perrie, Nelson Violante-Carvalho, Johannes Schulz-Stellenfleth, David Woolf, Jordi Isern-Fontanet, Fabrice Ardhuin, Patrice Klein, Alexis Mouche, Ananda Pascual, Xavier Capet, Daniele Hauser, Ad Stoffelen, Rosemary Morrow, Lotfi Aouf, Øyvind Breivik, Lee-Leung Fu, Johnny A. Johannessen, Yevgeny Aksenov, Lucy Bricheno, Joel Hirschi, Adrien C. H. Martin, Adrian P. Martin, George Nurser, Jeff Polton, Judith Wolf, Harald Johnsen, Alexander Soloviev, Gregg A. Jacobs, Fabrice Collard, Steve Groom, Vladimir Kudryavtsev, John Wilkin, Victor Navarro, Alex Babanin, Matthew Martin, John Siddorn, Andrew Saulter, Tom Rippeth, Bill Emery, Nikolai Maximenko, Roland Romeiser, Hans Graber, Aida Alvera Azcarate, Chris W. Hughes, Doug Vandemark, Jose Da Silva, Peter Jan Van Leeuwen, Alberto Naveira-Garabato, Johannes Gemmrich, Amala Mahadevan, Jose Marquez, Yvonne Munro, Sam Doody, Geoff Burbidge
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles
High-resolution satellite images of ocean color and sea surface temperature reveal an abundance of ocean fronts, vortices and filaments at scales below 10 km but measurements of ocean surface dynamics at these scales are rare. There is increasing recognition of the role played by small scale ocean processes in ocean-atmosphere coupling, upper-ocean mixing and ocean vertical transports, with advanced numerical models and in situ observations highlighting fundamental changes in dynamics when scales reach 1 km. Numerous scientific publications highlight the global impact of small oceanic scales on marine ecosystems, operational forecasts and long-term climate projections through strong ageostrophic circulations, large …
Comparison Between Fluid Simulation With Test Particles And 1 Hybrid Simulation For The Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability,
2019
Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University
Comparison Between Fluid Simulation With Test Particles And 1 Hybrid Simulation For The Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability, Xuanye Ma, Katariina Nykyri, Brandon L. Burkholder, Rachel C. Rice, Peter A. Delamere, Bishwa Neupane
Publications
A quantitative investigation of plasma transport rate via the Kelvin‐Helmholtz (KH) instability can improve our understanding of solar‐wind‐magnetosphere coupling processes. Simulation studies provide a broad range of transport rates by using different measurements based on different initial conditions and under different plasma descriptions, which makes cross literature comparison difficult. In this study, the KH instability under similar initial and boundary conditions (i.e., applicable to the Earth's magnetopause environment) is simulated by Hall magnetohydrodynamics with test particles and hybrid simulations. Both simulations give similar particle mixing rates. However, plasma is mainly transported through a few big magnetic islands caused by KH‐driven …
SoMAS
Configuration Files And Input Data Used For Radar Simulations Described In "The Cloud Resolving Model Radar Simulator (Cr-Sim) Version 3.2: Description And Applications Of A Virtual Observatory", Mariko Oue, Toshihisa Matsui, Pavlos Kollias
SoMAS Research Data
Ground-based observatories use multi-sensor observations to characterize cloud and precipitation properties. A challenge is how to design strategies to best use these observations to understand the atmosphere and evaluate atmospheric numerical prediction models. We have developed the Cloud resolving model Radar SIMulator (CR-SIM), which uses output from high-resolution atmospheric models to emulate multi-wavelength, zenith-pointing, and scanning radar observables and multi-sensor (multi-radar and radar-lidar) integrated products. Here, we publish configuration files used for radar simulations using CR-SIM and atmospheric simulation outputs from the Weather Research Forecasting (WRF) model, which were used as inputs for the radar simulations.
The Role Of A Permeable Sand Column In Modifying Tidal Creek Geochemistry And Land-Derived Inputs To The Coastal Ocean,
2019
Coastal Carolina University
The Role Of A Permeable Sand Column In Modifying Tidal Creek Geochemistry And Land-Derived Inputs To The Coastal Ocean, Nicholas Anthony Legut
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The impairment of regional water quality in Long Bay is an episodic occurrence that has been documented for over a decade. According to one explanation, the occurrence of these events is hypothesized to be the combination of local, terrestrially derived inputs and water-column stratification in the nearshore zone. A portion of these inputs may discharge as surface run-off through estuaries ending in sandy transitional environments termed "swashes". An investigation into the fate of land-derived materials through swashes utilize a linear conservative mixing model to describe the non-conservative behavior of materials in the overlying water and pore-water. This model relies on …
Analysis Algorithm For Sky Type And Ice Halo Recognition In All-Sky Images,
2019
University of Minnesota - Morris
Analysis Algorithm For Sky Type And Ice Halo Recognition In All-Sky Images, Sylke Boyd, Stephen Sorenson, Shelby Richard, Michelle King, Morton Greenslit
Physics Publications
Halo displays, in particular the 22∘ halo, have been captured in long time series of images obtained from total sky imagers (TSIs) at various Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) sites. Halo displays form if smooth-faced hexagonal ice crystals are present in the optical path. We describe an image analysis algorithm for long time series of TSI images which scores images with respect to the presence of 22∘ halos. Each image is assigned an ice halo score (IHS) for 22∘ halos, as well as a photographic sky type (PST), which differentiates cirrostratus (PST-CS), partially cloudy (PST-PCL), cloudy (PST-CLD), or clear (PST-CLR) within …
Calibration Of The Lisst-Vsf To Derive The Volume Scattering Functions In Clear Waters,
2019
University of North Dakota
Calibration Of The Lisst-Vsf To Derive The Volume Scattering Functions In Clear Waters, Lianbo Hu, Xiaodong Zhang, Yuanheng Xiong, Ming-Xia He
Faculty Publications
The recently commercialized LISST-VSF instrument measures the volume scattering function (VSF) from 0.1° to 15° with a traditional laser diffraction unit (LISST) and from 15° to 155° with an eyeball component. Between these two optical components, only the LISST unit is calibrated. The eyeball measurements are scaled using the VSFs at 15° that are measured by both components. As this relative calibration relies on a valid measurement at 15° by the LISST, it might fail in clear oceanic waters, where the forward scattering is relative weak either due to a lack of large particles or an overall low concentration of …
Weather And Climate Summary And Forecast: August 2019 Report,
2019
Linfield College
Weather And Climate Summary And Forecast: August 2019 Report, Gregory V. Jones
Linfield University Wine Studies Reports
This report provides a summary of the weather and climate forecast for August 2019. It includes forecast information specific to the Pacific Northwest and the western United States, as well as forecast information for other portions of the United States and abroad.
Prediction Of Wind Power Density For Electricity Generation At Makambako, Tanzania Using Auto-Regression Integrated Moving Average (Arima) Model,
2019
University of Dar es Salaam
Prediction Of Wind Power Density For Electricity Generation At Makambako, Tanzania Using Auto-Regression Integrated Moving Average (Arima) Model, Josam Samson, Reuben Kainkwa
Tanzania Journal of Science
Wind speed data used in this study were from Makambako and were recorded at a height of 10 m. In the analysis, the data were extrapolated to 80 m above ground level and wind speed from July to November were found to have an average value of 17.58 m/s. November was found to be the windiest month for the whole duration while the calm month was found to be March. The wind power density was found to be highest in the month of November for the whole study duration. The months of July to November have higher wind power density …
The Effects Of Oil On Blue Crab And Periwinkle Snail Interactions: A Mesocosm Study,
2019
Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci
The Effects Of Oil On Blue Crab And Periwinkle Snail Interactions: A Mesocosm Study, Elizabeth M. Robinson, Nancy N. Rabalais
Faculty Publications
We examined the sub-lethal effect of Macondo oil from the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on predator-prey interactions using blue crabs (Callinectes sapidus) and periwinkle snails (Littoraria irrorata). A 2 x 2 factorial mesocosm design determined the effect of oil (no oil vs. oil) and blue crabs (no blue crab predator vs. one blue crab predator) on periwinkle snail climbing and survival. Sixteen mesocosm tanks were used in the experiment, which were replicated three times. Each tank contained water, sand, and Spartina marsh stems. The sixteen tanks were divided between two, temperature-controlled chambers to separate oil treatments (no oil vs. oil). …
2019 August - Tennessee Monthly Climate Report,
2019
East Tennessee State University
2019 August - Tennessee Monthly Climate Report, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University
Tennessee Climate Office Monthly Reports
No abstract provided.
Change In The Leading Mode Of North America's Wintertime Stationary Eddies,
2019
Utah State University
Change In The Leading Mode Of North America's Wintertime Stationary Eddies, Yu-Tang Chien
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Extreme winter weather events in North America have become more frequent and increasingly destructive. This phenomenon was linked to a jet stream pattern that generates abnormally warm conditions in the west and cold conditions in the east, referred to as the North American Winter Dipole. Studies have shown that the Dipole may have amplified and this amplification could be linked to global warming. By analyzing the atmospheric and oceanic data worldwide, the wintertime circulation in the Northern Hemisphere shows signs of a persistent change after the 1980s. In the first part of this study, we examine how the ocean has …
Intermittent Turbulent Exchanges And Their Role In Vineyard Evapotranspiration,
2019
Utah State University
Intermittent Turbulent Exchanges And Their Role In Vineyard Evapotranspiration, Sebastian Alexander Los
All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023
Vineyards are often grown in semi-arid climates, such as California’s central valley, where water resources can be limited. Summer weather conditions result in high water use by these plants. For wine grapes, a high-value commodity, there are known benefits to fruit quality in irrigating grapevines with slightly below optimum for the plant. Growers would like to be able to precisely irrigate without overusing water or overstressing the vines. This calls for improving ways to monitor vineyard water use by estimating the combined soil evaporation and plant transpiration known as evapotranspiration (ET). A computer model developed by the USDA called the …
Biogeochemical Controls Of Surface Ocean Phosphate,
2019
Old Dominion University
Biogeochemical Controls Of Surface Ocean Phosphate, Adam C. Martiny, Michael W. Lomas, Weiwei Fu, Philip W. Boyd, Yuh-Ling L. Chen, Gregory A. Cutter, Michael J. Ellwood, Ken Furuya, Fuminori Hasshihama, Jota Kanda, David M. Karl, Taketoshi Kodama, Qian P. Li, Jian Ma, Thierry Moutin, E. Malcolm S. Woodward, J. Keith Moore
OES Faculty Publications
Surface ocean phosphate is commonly below the standard analytical detection limits, leading to an incomplete picture of the global variation and biogeochemical role of phosphate. A global compilation of phosphate measured using high-sensitivity methods revealed several previously unrecognized low-phosphate areas and clear regional differences. Both observational climatologies and Earth system models (ESMs) systematically overestimated surface phosphate. Furthermore, ESMs misrepresented the relationships between phosphate, phytoplankton biomass, and primary productivity. Atmospheric iron input and nitrogen fixation are known important controls on surface phosphate, but model simulations showed that differences in the iron-to-macronutrient ratio in the vertical nutrient supply and surface lateral transport …
