Reginald Sutcliffe And The Invention Of Modern Weather Systems Science,
2021
Purdue University
Reginald Sutcliffe And The Invention Of Modern Weather Systems Science, Jonathan E. Martin
Purdue University Press Book Previews
Despite being perhaps the foremost British meteorologist of the twentieth century, Reginald Sutcliffe has been understudied and underappreciated. His impact continues to this day every time you check the weather forecast. Reginald Sutcliffe and the Invention of Modern Weather Systems Science not only details Sutcliffe’s life and ideas, but it also illuminates the impact of social movements and the larger forces that propelled him on his consequential trajectory. Less than a century ago, a forecast of the weather tomorrow was considered a practical impossibility. This book makes the case that three important advances guided the development of modern dynamic meteorology, …
Comparison Of Spatial Precipitation Forecasts With A Satellite Dataset,
2021
Air Force Institute of Technology
Comparison Of Spatial Precipitation Forecasts With A Satellite Dataset, Andrew C. Siebels
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research is to analyze and compare global precipitation data from the Climate Forecast System Version 2 (CFSv2) with the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN)-Climate Data Record (CDR) to improve long term precipitation forecasting. The CFSv2 has a 0.5-degree resolution which will provide model data for precipitation forecasts. The PERSIANN-CDR is a satellite derived daily 0.25-degree dataset with 37 years of global precipitation coverage 60 N to 60 S. The 0-to-10, 15-to-25, 55-to-65, and 80-to-90 day forecast time frames will then be analyzed for accuracy, and a quantile mapping (QM) technique …
Ccsfs/Ksc Total Lightning Warning Radii Optimization For Merlin Using Preexisting Lightning Areas,
2021
Air Force Institute of Technology
Ccsfs/Ksc Total Lightning Warning Radii Optimization For Merlin Using Preexisting Lightning Areas, Kimberly G. Holland
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this research is to optimize lightning warning radii specifications for the 45th Space Wing (45 SW), thus reducing the number of unnecessary warnings that delay ground processing needed for space launch execution at Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Space Force Station. This thesis sought to answer two key research questions addressing: 1) What radius reduction effectively balances both safety and operations and do reduction recommendations from previous research align with results from the new detection system? 2) What insights can be gained from comparing measurement results for seasonal lightning events as well as lightning types? This …
Behavior Of Lightning In Developing Storms,
2021
Air Force Institute of Technology
Behavior Of Lightning In Developing Storms, Erick A. Tello
Theses and Dissertations
Air Force weather squadrons issue a warning when lightning activity is observed within 5 nautical miles (NM) of protected areas. Upon receiving this warning, personnel outdoors are expected to pause work and move inside. Studies sponsored by the 45th Weather Squadron (45 WS) have concluded that the 5 NM warning radius can be safely reduced for well-developed storms. This thesis investigates whether radii for storms in early development can also be reduced. Our research develops algorithms to partition lightning sensor data into storms. Next, storms are filtered to their earliest lightning events, and the study calculates distances between successive early …
Climate-Informed Prediction And Forecast Modeling Of Installation Total Energy Consumption,
2021
Air Force Institute of Technology
Climate-Informed Prediction And Forecast Modeling Of Installation Total Energy Consumption, Scott C. Weiss
Theses and Dissertations
Climate variability is an external and stochastic factor that causes energy demand uncertainty. Energy managers can use climate-based models to understand future trends of energy demand and to adjust operations, policy, and budgets accordingly. This research focuses on 1) identifying how climate attributes impact energy use, 2) creating a historically informed statistical modeling framework to skillfully predict energy use, and 3) forecasting future changes to energy use and costs, using CMIP5 temperature projections, at the campus level. After synthesizing the existing breadth of research on climate-informed energy modeling, a skillful, unbiased, climate-informed total energy consumption prediction model is developed for …
Synthetic Lightning Generation Employing Autoregressive-Moving-Average (Arma) Models,
2021
Air Force Institute of Technology
Synthetic Lightning Generation Employing Autoregressive-Moving-Average (Arma) Models, Seth R. Powers
Theses and Dissertations
This work explores the question as to whether lightning data can be generated synthetically using vector autoregressive-moving-average (VARMA) models. Geostationary Lightning Mapper (GLM) data is used as the basis for the study. Lightning climatology is examined and compared to previous research to gain insight into the targeted areas. Individual lightning ashes are analyzed to inspect how well the process works on a smaller scale. Then, entire regions are evaluated to simulate lightning creation in a larger setting. Results suggest that the VARMA process employed is sufficient in generating synthetic lightning observations, largely dependent on the time and location of lightning …
2021 March - Tennessee Monthly Climate Report,
2021
East Tennessee State University
2021 March - Tennessee Monthly Climate Report, Tennessee Climate Office, East Tennessee State University
Tennessee Climate Office Monthly Reports
No abstract provided.
Jessica Whitehead Named Joan P. Brock Endowed Executive Director For Old Dominion University’S Institute For Coastal Adaptation And Resilience (Icar),
2021
Old Dominion University
Jessica Whitehead Named Joan P. Brock Endowed Executive Director For Old Dominion University’S Institute For Coastal Adaptation And Resilience (Icar), Sarah Huddle
News Items
No abstract provided.
State Of Satiation Partially Regulates The Dynamics Of Vertical Migration,
2021
Florida Atlantic University
State Of Satiation Partially Regulates The Dynamics Of Vertical Migration, Ryan P. Bos, Tracey Sutton, Tamara Frank
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles
Vertical migrations into shallower waters at night are beneficial for migrators as they reduce predation risk and allow migrators to encounter a higher density of prey. Nevertheless, ocean acoustics data and trawl data have shown that a portion of some vertically migrating populations remain at depth and do not migrate. One hypothesis for this phenomenon is the Hunger-Satiation hypothesis, which in part states that the non-migrating portion of the migrating species-assemblage refrains from migrating if they have full or partially full stomachs from daytime or nocturnal feeding. However, stomach fullness of the non-migrating subpopulation compared to the migrating portion has …
Investigation On Spectral Characteristics Of Gravity Waves In The Mlt Using Lidar Observations At Andes,
2021
Wuhan University, Ministry of Education, State Observatory for Atmospheric Remote Sensing
Investigation On Spectral Characteristics Of Gravity Waves In The Mlt Using Lidar Observations At Andes, Kai Ming Huang, Hang Liu, Alan Z. Liu, Shao Dong Zhang, Chun Ming Huang, Yun Gong, Wu Han Ning
Publications
Based on observations from lidar at Andes, we study the features of gravity wave activities and their spectra in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT). Case analysis shows that a quasimonochromatic inertia–gravity wave (IGW) dominates the perturbation fields, with clearly downward phase progression in the wind and temperature fields. Statistical investigation shows that the dominant waves in the MLT over Andes have the typical temporal and spatial scales of IGWs and show the preferential propagation in the meridional direction relative to in the zonal direction. The preferential propagation direction causes larger spectral peak and steeper spectral slope in the meridional …
Comparison Of A Smartfin With An Infrared Sea Surface Temperature Radiometer In The Atlantic Ocean,
2021
University of Exeter; Plymouth Marine Laboratory
Comparison Of A Smartfin With An Infrared Sea Surface Temperature Radiometer In The Atlantic Ocean, Robert J. W. Brewin, Werenfrid Wimmer, Phillip J. Bresnahan, Tyler Cyronak, Andreas J. Andersson, Giorgio Dall’Olmo
Marine & Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles
The accuracy and precision of satellite sea surface temperature (SST) products in nearshore coastal waters are not well known, owing to a lack of in-situ data available for validation. It has been suggested that recreational watersports enthusiasts, who immerse themselves in nearshore coastal waters, be used as a platform to improve sampling and fill this gap. One tool that has been used worldwide by surfers is the Smartfin, which contains a temperature sensor integrated into a surfboard fin. If tools such as the Smartfin are to be considered for satellite validation work, they must be carefully evaluated against state-of-the-art techniques …
The Biden Climate Plan,
2021
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
The Biden Climate Plan, J. David Aiken
Cornhusker Economics
President Obama had an aggressive climate plan that included regulation of carbon emissions from power plants. Hillary Clinton would have continued with aggressive policies to slow and reverse global warming but was defeated by Donald Trump in 2016. President Trump sought to undo most of President Obama’s climate policies and pursued a fossil-fuel friendly energy and climate policy. The 2020 election of President Biden marks a resumption of ambitious policies to slow and ultimately reverse global warming. This newsletter identifies three major policies the Biden administration is expected to pursue and attempts to explain what policy implication might look like.
Diurnal Cycle Of Passive Microwave Brightness Temperatures Over Land At A Global Scale,
2021
CUNY City College
Diurnal Cycle Of Passive Microwave Brightness Temperatures Over Land At A Global Scale, Zahra Sharifnezhad, Hamid Norouzi, Satya Prakash, Reginald Blake, Reze Khanbilvard
Publications and Research
Satellite-borne passive microwave radiometers provide brightness temperature (TB) measurements in a large spectral range which includes a number of frequency channels and generally two polarizations: horizontal and vertical. These TBs are widely used to retrieve several atmospheric and surface variables and parameters such as precipitation, soil moisture, water vapor, air temperature profile, and land surface emissivity. Since TBs are measured at different microwave frequencies with various instruments and at various incidence angles, spatial resolutions, and radiometric characteristics, a mere direct integration of them from different microwave sensors would not necessarily provide consistency. However, when appropriately harmonized, they can provide a …
From Hector Mine M7.1 To Ridgecrest M7.1 Earthquake. A Look From A 20-Year Perspective,
2021
Russian Academy of Sciences
From Hector Mine M7.1 To Ridgecrest M7.1 Earthquake. A Look From A 20-Year Perspective, Sergey Pulinets, Marina Tsidilina, Dimitar Ouzounov, Dmitry Davidenko
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
The paper provides a comparative analysis of precursory phenomena in the ionosphere and atmosphere for two strong earthquakes of the same magnitude M7.1 that happened in the same region (North-East from Los Angeles) within a time span of 20 years, the Hector Mine and Ridgecrest earthquakes. Regardless of the similarity of their location (South-Eastern California, near 160 km one from another), there was one essential difference: the Hector Mine earthquake happened during geomagnetically disturbed conditions (essential in the sense of ionospheric precursors identification). In contrast, the quiet geomagnetic conditions characterized the period around the time of the Ridgecrest earthquake. The …
Estimated 2020 Co2 Emission Reductions In Virginia’S Transportation Sector From Covid-19,
2021
University of Mary Washington
Estimated 2020 Co2 Emission Reductions In Virginia’S Transportation Sector From Covid-19, Eden E. Rakes, Pamela R. Grothe, Jeremy S. Hoffman
Virginia Journal of Science
The initial lockdown phase of the COVID-19 pandemic presented an unfortunate opportunity to observe how abrupt, large-scale changes in traffic volume can reduce greenhouse gas emissions. This study explores how carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from Virginia’s transportation sector may have been affected by the changes in activity stemming from COVID-19 to inform more carbon-neutral policies as the state recovers from the economic downfall. Emission savings were calculated by multiplying the percent change from 2019 to 2020 in traffic volume from the Virginia Department of Transportation with the business-as-usual 2020 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency estimate of CO2 emissions …
Monthly And Seasonal Rainfall Concentrations And Predictability In Tanzania,
2021
Physical Sciences Department, Open University of Tanzania, P.O. Box 23409, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Monthly And Seasonal Rainfall Concentrations And Predictability In Tanzania, Pasvolo Mwinuka, Christian Uiso, Ladslaus Chang’A, Mwingereza Kumwenda
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study aimed at determining the monthly and seasonal rainfall concentration, predictability and the changes in rainfall seasons in Tanzania. Rainfall predictability was determined using Colwell’s indices, Rainfall Concentration Index (RCI) and Coefficient of Variation (CV). Results showed that rainfall in December–February (DJF), January–March (JFM) and February–April (FMA) has predictability due to constancy of 60%, RCI ≤ 9 and CV < 0.4 in Lake zone, Central zone, Southern Coast zone, Western and Southern Highlands zone. Rainfall in October to December (OND) was reliable in the Island zone, North-Eastern highlands zone and Northern coast zone with an average predictability due to constancy of 65%. In the Lake zone, all seasons (DJF, JFM, FMA, MAM, OND and DJFMAM) had uniform rainfall distribution (RCI = 8.7, CV = 0.35) and predictability due to constancy of 80% which leads to the conclusion that Lake Zone has unimodal rainfall distribution. Rainfall predictability in Tanzania has a West-East gradient. The western zones had an average predictability due to constancy of 68%. In general, rainfall in Tanzania is observed to be highly variable; only 20% of the predictability is concerned with reliability in the rainfall occurrence within the seasons and 80% is due to seasonality. Keywords: Rainfall concentration index; predictability; coefficient of variation; seasonality; constancy.
Picking Up Where The Tmdl Leaves Off: Using The Partnership Wild And Scenic River Framework For Collaborative River Restoration,
2021
Musconetcong Watershed Association
Picking Up Where The Tmdl Leaves Off: Using The Partnership Wild And Scenic River Framework For Collaborative River Restoration, Alan R. Hunt, Meiyin Wu, Tsung-Ta David Hsu, Nancy Roberts-Lawler, Jessica T. Miller, Alessandra Rossi, Lee Lee
Department of Biology Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works
The National Wild and Scenic Rivers Act protects less than ¼ of a percent of the United States’ river miles, focusing on free-flowing rivers of good water quality with outstandingly remarkable values for recreation, scenery, and other unique river attributes. It predates the enactment of the Clean Water Act, yet includes a clear anti-degradation principle, that pollution should be reduced and eliminated on designated rivers, in cooperation with the federal Environmental Protection Agency and state pollution control agencies. However, the federal Clean Water Act lacks a clear management framework for implementing restoration activities to reduce non-point source pollution, of which …
Flash Drought Onset Over The Contiguous United States: Sensitivity Of Inventories And Trends To Quantitative Definitions,
2021
Johns Hopkins University
Flash Drought Onset Over The Contiguous United States: Sensitivity Of Inventories And Trends To Quantitative Definitions, Mahmoud Osman, Bejamin F. Zaitchik, Hamada S. Badr, Jordan I. Christian, Tsegaye Tadesse, Jason A. Otkin, Martha C. Anderson
National Drought Mitigation Center: Faculty Publications
The term “flash drought” is frequently invoked to describe droughts that develop rapidly over a relatively short timescale. Despite extensive and growing research on flash drought processes, predictability, and trends, there is still no standard quantitative definition that encompasses all flash drought characteristics and pathways. Instead, diverse definitions have been proposed, supporting wide-ranging studies of flash drought but creating the potential for confusion as to what the term means and how to characterize it. Use of different definitions might also lead to different conclusions regarding flash drought frequency, predictability, and trends under climate change. In this study, we compared five …
Multi-Source Eo For Dynamic Wetland Mapping And Monitoring In The Great Lakes Basin,
2021
Michigan Technological University
Multi-Source Eo For Dynamic Wetland Mapping And Monitoring In The Great Lakes Basin, Michael Battaglia, Sarah Banks, Amir Behnamian, Laura Bourgeau-Chavez
Michigan Tech Publications, Part 1
Wetland managers, citizens and government leaders are observing rapid changes in coastal wetlands and associated habitats around the Great Lakes Basin due to human activity and climate variability. SAR and optical satellite sensors offer cost effective management tools that can be used to monitor wetlands over time, covering large areas like the Great Lakes and providing information to those making management and policy decisions. In this paper we describe ongoing efforts to monitor dynamic changes in wetland vegetation, surface water extent, and water level change. Included are assessments of simulated Radarsat Constellation Mission data to determine feasibility of continued monitoring …
Weather And Climate Summary And Forecast: February 2021 Report,
2021
Linfield University
Weather And Climate Summary And Forecast: February 2021 Report, Gregory V. Jones
Linfield University Wine Studies Reports
This report provides a summary of the weather and climate forecast for February 2021. It includes forecast information specific to the Pacific Northwest and the western United States, as well as forecast information for other portions of the United States and abroad.
