The Vulnerability And Resilience Of Seagrass Ecosystems To Marine Heatwaves In New Zealand: A Remote Sensing Analysis Of Seascape Metrics Using Planetscope Imagery,
2023
University of Canterbury
The Vulnerability And Resilience Of Seagrass Ecosystems To Marine Heatwaves In New Zealand: A Remote Sensing Analysis Of Seascape Metrics Using Planetscope Imagery, Ken Joseph E. Clemente, Mads S. Thomsen, Richard C. Zimmerman
OES Faculty Publications
Seagrasses are foundation species that provide ecosystem functions and services, including increased biodiversity, sediment retention, carbon sequestration, and fish nursery habitat. However, anthropogenic stressors that reduce water quality, impose large-scale climate changes, and amplify weather patterns, such as marine heatwaves, are altering seagrass meadow configurations. Quantifying large-scale trends in seagrass distributions will help evaluate the impacts of climate drivers on their functions and services. Here, we quantified spatiotemporal dynamics in abundances and configurations of intertidal and shallow subtidal seagrass (Zostera muelleri) meadows in 20 New Zealand (NZ) estuaries that span a 5-year period (mid/late 2016–early 2022) just before, …
An Update On The Influence Of Natural Climate Variability And Anthropogenic Climate Change On Tropical Cyclones,
2023
Columbia University
An Update On The Influence Of Natural Climate Variability And Anthropogenic Climate Change On Tropical Cyclones, Suzana J. Camargo, Hiroyuki Murakami, Nadia Bloemendaal, Savin S. Chand, Medha S. Deshpande, Christian Dominguez-Sarmiento, Juan Jesús González-Alemán, Thomas R. Knutson, I. I. Lin, Il- Ju Moon, Christina M. Patricola, Kevin A. Reed, Malcolm J. Roberts, Enrico Scoccimarro, Chi Yung Tam, Elizabeth J. Wallace, Liguang Wu, Yohei Yamada, Wei Zhang, Haikun Zhao
OES Faculty Publications
A substantial number of studies have been published since the Ninth International Workshop on Tropical Cyclones (IWTC-9) in 2018, improving our understanding of the effect of climate change on tropical cyclones (TCs) and associated hazards and risks. These studies have reinforced the robustness of increases in TC intensity and associated TC hazards and risks due to anthropogenic climate change. New modeling and observational studies suggested the potential influence of anthropogenic climate forcings, including greenhouse gases and aerosols, on global and regional TC activity at the decadal and century time scales. However, there are still substantial uncertainties owing to model uncertainty …
Carbonate Chemistry And Carbon Sequestation Driven By Inorganic Carbon Outwelling From Mangroves And Saltmarshes,
2023
University of Gothenburg
Carbonate Chemistry And Carbon Sequestation Driven By Inorganic Carbon Outwelling From Mangroves And Saltmarshes, Gloria M. S. Reithmaier, Alex Cabral, Anirban Akhand, Matthew J. Bogard, Alberto V. Borges, Steven Bouillon, David J. Burdige, Mitchell Call, Nengwang Chen, Xiaogang Chen, Luiz C. Cotovicz Jr., Meagan J. Eagle, Erik Kristensen, Kevin D. Kroeger, Zeyang Lu, Damien T. Maher, J. Lucas Pérez-Lloréns, Raghab Ray, Pierre Taillardat, Joseph J. Tamborski, Rob C. Upstill-Goddard, Faming Wang, Zhaohui Aleck Wang, Kai Xiao, Yvonne Y.Y. Yau, Isaac R. Santos
OES Faculty Publications
Mangroves and saltmarshes are biogeochemical hotspots storing carbon in sediments and in the ocean following lateral carbon export (outwelling). Coastal seawater pH is modified by both uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide and natural biogeochemical processes, e.g., wetland inputs. Here, we investigate how mangroves and saltmarshes influence coastal carbonate chemistry and quantify the contribution of alkalinity and dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) outwelling to blue carbon budgets. Observations from 45 mangroves and 16 saltmarshes worldwide revealed that >70% of intertidal wetlands export more DIC than alkalinity, potentially decreasing the pH of coastal waters. Porewater-derived DIC outwelling (81 ± 47 mmol m−2 …
Acceleration Of U.S. Southeast And Gulf Coast Sea-Level Rise Amplified By Internal Climate Variability,
2023
Old Dominion University
Acceleration Of U.S. Southeast And Gulf Coast Sea-Level Rise Amplified By Internal Climate Variability, Sönke Dangendorf, Noah Hendricks, Qiang Sun, John Klinck, Tal Ezer, Thomas Frederikse, Francisco M. Calafat, Thomas Wahl, Torbjörn E. Törnqvist
CCPO Publications
While there is evidence for an acceleration in global mean sea level (MSL) since the 1960s, its detection at local levels has been hampered by the considerable influence of natural variability on the rate of MSL change. Here we report a MSL acceleration in tide gauge records along the U.S. Southeast and Gulf coasts that has led to rates (>10 mm yr−1 since 2010) that are unprecedented in at least 120 years. We show that this acceleration is primarily induced by an ocean dynamic signal exceeding the externally forced response from historical climate model simulations. However, when the …
Examining The Connectivity Of Antarctic Krill On The West Antarctic Peninsula: Implications For Pygoscelis Penguin Biogeography And Population Dynamics,
2023
Old Dominion University
Examining The Connectivity Of Antarctic Krill On The West Antarctic Peninsula: Implications For Pygoscelis Penguin Biogeography And Population Dynamics, Katherine L. Gallagher, Michael S. Dinniman, Heather J. Lynch
CCPO Publications
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) are considered a keystone species for higher trophic level predators along the West Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) during the austral summer. The connectivity of these populations may play a critical role in predator biogeography, especially for central-place foragers such as the Pygoscelis penguins that breed along the WAP during the austral summer. Here, we used a physical ocean model to examine adult krill connectivity in this region using simulated krill with realistic diel vertical migration behaviors across four austral summers. Specifically, we examined krill connectivity around the Adélie gap, a 400 km long region along …
The Response Of Sea Ice And High-Salinity Shelf Water In The Ross Ice Shelf Polynya To Cyclonic Atmosphere Circulations,
2023
Old Dominion University
The Response Of Sea Ice And High-Salinity Shelf Water In The Ross Ice Shelf Polynya To Cyclonic Atmosphere Circulations, Xiaoqiao Wang, Zhaoru Zhang, Michael S. Dinniman, Petteri Uotila, Xichen Li, Meng Zhou
CCPO Publications
Coastal polynyas in the Ross Sea are important source regions of high-salinity shelf water (HSSW) – the precursor of Antarctic Bottom Water that supplies the lower limb of the thermohaline circulation. Here, the response of sea ice production and HSSW formation to synoptic-scale and mesoscale cyclones was investigated for the Ross Ice Shelf Polynya (RISP) using a coupled ocean–sea ice–ice shelf model targeted on the Ross Sea. When synoptic-scale cyclones prevailed over RISP, sea ice production (SIP) increased rapidly by 20 %–30 % over the entire RISP. During the passage of mesoscale cyclones, SIP increased by about 2 times over …
Integrating Human Dimensions In Decadal-Scale Prediction For Marine Social Ecological Systems: Lighting The Grey Zone,
2023
Old Dominion University
Integrating Human Dimensions In Decadal-Scale Prediction For Marine Social Ecological Systems: Lighting The Grey Zone, Jess Melbourne-Thomas, Desiree Tommasi, Marion Gehlen, Eugene J. Murphy, Jennifer Beckensteiner, Francisco Bravo, Tyler D. Eddy, Mibu Fischer, Elizabeth Fulton, Mayya Gogina, Eileen Hofmann, Maya Ito, Sara Mynott, Kelly Ortega-Cisneros, Anna N. Osiecka, Mark R. Payne, Romeo Saldívar-Lucio, Kim J.N. Scherrer
CCPO Publications
The dynamics of marine systems at decadal scales are notoriously hard to predict-hence references to this timescale as the "grey zone" for ocean prediction. Nevertheless, decadal-scale prediction is a rapidly developing field with an increasing number of applications to help guide ocean stewardship and sustainable use of marine environments. Such predictions can provide industry and managers with information more suited to support planning and management over strategic timeframes, as compared to seasonal forecasts or long-term (century-scale) predictions. The most significant advances in capability for decadal-scale prediction over recent years have been for ocean physics and biogeochemistry, with some notable advances …
Interactive Effects Of Climate Change-Induced Range Shifts And Wind Energy Development On Future Economic Conditions Of The Atlantic Surfclam Fishery,
2023
Old Dominion University
Interactive Effects Of Climate Change-Induced Range Shifts And Wind Energy Development On Future Economic Conditions Of The Atlantic Surfclam Fishery, Stephanie Stromp, Andrew M. Scheld, John M. Klinck, Daphne M. Munroe, Eric N. Powell, Roger Mann, Sarah Borsetti, Eileen E. Hofmann
CCPO Publications
Rising water temperatures along the northeastern U.S. continental shelf have resulted in an offshore range shift of the Atlantic surfclam Spisula solidissima to waters still occupied by ocean quahogs Arctica islandica. Fishers presently are prohibited from landing both Atlantic surfclams and ocean quahogs in the same catch, thus limiting fishing to locations where the target species can be sorted on deck. Wind energy development on and around the fishing grounds will further restrict the fishery. A spatially explicit model of the Atlantic surfclam fishery (Spatially Explicit Fishery Economics Simulator) has the ability to simulate the consequences of fishery displacement …
A Growth Model For Arctica Islandica: The Performance Of Tanaka And The Temptation Of Von Bertalanffy—Can The Two Coexist?,
2023
Old Dominion University
A Growth Model For Arctica Islandica: The Performance Of Tanaka And The Temptation Of Von Bertalanffy—Can The Two Coexist?, John M. Klinck, Eric N. Powell, Kathleen M. Hemeon, Jillian R. Sower, Daniel R. Hennen
CCPO Publications
Organisms increase in size over time (age) due to excess assimilation over metabolic (respiration) energy demands. Most organisms reach a maximum size with increasing age as gain and loss balance. The von Bertalanffy length-at-age relationship, which is commonly used in fishery assessment calculations, imposes such a maximum size. However, some fished species, such as ocean quahogs, Arctica islandica, are long lived and continue to grow at old age. The Tanaka age-at-length relationship has continued growth at old age, but is rarely used in stock assessment models. A modified form of the von Bertalanffy model is presented, which mimics the …
Comments On "Reconsidering The Relationship Between Gulf Stream Transport And Dynamic Sea Level At U.S. East Coast" By Chi Et Al.,
2023
Old Dominion University
Comments On "Reconsidering The Relationship Between Gulf Stream Transport And Dynamic Sea Level At U.S. East Coast" By Chi Et Al., Tal Ezer
CCPO Publications
Numerous recent studies found significant correlations between weakening of the Gulf Stream (GS) and rising coastal sea level (CSL) along the U.S. East Coast. Based on monthly altimeter data and Florida Current transport, Chi et al. (2023; here, CH23) argued that geostrophic adjustment of the GS is unlikely to drive variations in CSL in the Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB). It is argued here that this conclusion cannot be universally applicable to all cases, since the monthly data disregard correlations previously found for short time scales based on hourly and daily data; the impact of GS variability on time scales of decades …
The Southern Ocean Ecosystem Affects The Entire World,
2023
British Antarctic Survey
The Southern Ocean Ecosystem Affects The Entire World, Eugene J. Murphy, Nadine M. Johnston, Eileen E. Hofmann, Richard A. Phillips, Jennifer E. Jackson, Andrew J. Constable
CCPO Publications
The Southern Ocean, which flows around the Antarctic continent, is home to vast numbers of unique and remarkable animals, including penguins, albatrosses, petrels, seals, and whales. The ocean bursts into life every spring, fueling a summer feeding and breeding frenzy. During the dark winter months, there is little food and life is very harsh. Human activities such as fishing and pollution are affecting this ecosystem, as is climate change. These ecosystem changes matter beyond the Southern Ocean! Ocean currents carry nutrients and organisms into and out of the Southern Ocean. Many marine mammals and seabirds swim or fly in and …
Genetic Algorithm For Solving A Just-In-Time Inventory Model With Imperfect Rework Implemented In A Serial Multi-Echelon System,
2023
Department of Shipping and Transportation Management, National Taiwan Ocean University, Taiwan
Genetic Algorithm For Solving A Just-In-Time Inventory Model With Imperfect Rework Implemented In A Serial Multi-Echelon System, Hsien-Chung Tsao, Cheng-Chi Chung, Hsuan-Shih Lee, Chih-Ping Lin, Yan-Yun Tu, Ssu-Chi Lin
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
As global industrial competition intensifies, enterprises can achieve substantial competitive advantages in the supply chain management environment by promptly meeting customer demands and efficiently reducing both supply and demand costs. This paper proposes an inventory model for supply chain optimization that considers uncertain delivery lead times and defective products. Solving the model requires solving a nonlinear mixed-integer problem, which traditionally requires considerable time. Solutions to nondeterministic polynomial-time hard problems with high complexity and difficulty are often obtained using heuristic algorithms. Among these algorithms, genetic algorithms have high efficiency and quality. Therefore, we employed a genetic algorithm to solve the proposed …
An Mrf Model-Based Study On The Effect Of Fishes Upon The Characteristics Of Flow Field Of An Aquaculture Tank,
2023
College of Ocean and Civil Engineering, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, China
An Mrf Model-Based Study On The Effect Of Fishes Upon The Characteristics Of Flow Field Of An Aquaculture Tank, Xian-Ying Shi, Zheng-Zheng Huang, Meng Li, Yinxin Zhou, Xiao-Zhong Ren, Hang-Fei Liu, Shu-Peng Du
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
The study aims to investigate the effect of fish movement on the flow field in the aquaculture tank of a recirculating water aquaculture system. Herein, based on the Navier-Stokes equations and the RNG k-ε turbulence model, the flow field in the aquaculture tank with fish movement was numerically simulated using the multiple reference frame (MRF) model and compared with the numerical simulation results of the fishless aquaculture tank. The results revealed that the overall mean flow velocity in the tank decreased significantly when the fish swam counter-currently with a fixed trajectory, and the overall mean flow velocity increased slightly when …
Occurrence Of Predation Of Juvenile Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus Keta) By Chub Mackerel (Scomber Japonicus) And Spotted Mackerel (Scomber Australasicus) In Miyako Bay, Iwate Prefecture, Japan,
2023
Miyako Field Station, Fisheries Technology Institute, Japan Fisheries Research and Education Agency (FRA), Miyako, Iwate 027-0097, JAPAN
Occurrence Of Predation Of Juvenile Chum Salmon (Oncorhynchus Keta) By Chub Mackerel (Scomber Japonicus) And Spotted Mackerel (Scomber Australasicus) In Miyako Bay, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, Kei Sasaki, Miwa Yatsuya, Daisuke Shimizu, Daisuke Ojima, Shinji Komatsu
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
In recent years, chub mackerel (Scomber japonicus) and spotted mackerel (Scomber australasicus) have started migrating to the coastal areas off Iwate Prefecture earlier than they did previously, resulting in a geographic overlap between hatchery-bred juvenile chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) released at sea and the occurrence of predatory mackerel. To clarify whether the mackerels prey on the juvenile chum salmon, we captured adult mackerels by angling during the period when these species overlap in Miyako Bay, Iwate Prefecture. After capture, the stomach contents of the mackerel were examined using a combination of visual examinations and DNA metabarcoding analysis. As a result, …
Multi-Chamber Silencer Composed Of Screw-Perforated Tubes And Straight-Perforated Tubes,
2023
School of Intelligent Engineering, Shaoguan University, Guangdong, 512005, China
Multi-Chamber Silencer Composed Of Screw-Perforated Tubes And Straight-Perforated Tubes, Tian-Syung Lan, Min-Chie Chiu
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
The use of silencers to reduce noise is mandatory due to severe hearing damage caused by high venting noise in the engine room of ocean-going vessels. While straight and perforated tubes have been used as acoustical elements in traditional silencer design, studies have shown that the acoustical design still requires improvement. To enhance acoustical efficiency, the use of multi-chamber mufflers is proposed composed of screw and perforated tubes. Additionally, a mathematical finite element model built for acoustical simulation using the COMSOL program expedites the analysis of silencers with complicated acoustical elements. A sensitivity analysis of transmission loss concerning the geometric …
Rapid Species Identification Of Meretrix Lusoria And Three Other Meretrix Clams Using Pcr And Rflp Analysis Of The Mitochondrial Coii Gene.,
2023
Department of Aquaculture, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan b
Rapid Species Identification Of Meretrix Lusoria And Three Other Meretrix Clams Using Pcr And Rflp Analysis Of The Mitochondrial Coii Gene., Chia-Hsuan Sung, Liang-Jong Wang, Chang-Wen Huang
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
Meretrix clams are among the most economically important species of bivalves in Eastern Asia and Taiwan. In the past, the identification of these hard clams depended on the shell morphology; however, species identification based on shell markings and shapes confuses the taxonomy of the Meretrix genus. The DNA molecular information is useful and can easily identify them accurately and quickly, especially the sequence of mitochondrial DNA. In this study, a PCR method to analyze the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase II (COII) gene was developed to rapidly identify of M. lusoria, M. lamarckii, M. lyrata and M. petechialis. Four different species …
Bearing Capacity Factor Characteristics Of Footings On Double-Layered Cohesive Soils,
2023
Dept. of Civil Engineering, Feng Chia University, Taichung (407802), Taiwan
Bearing Capacity Factor Characteristics Of Footings On Double-Layered Cohesive Soils, Chao-Ming Chi, Zheng-Shan Lin, Yu-Shu Kuo
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
In this study, the bearing capacity of a surface foundation resting on a double-layered cohesive soil profile was investigated by applying a rotational mechanism and finite-difference numerical simulations. The bearing capacity factor behaviors of a surface footing on double-layered cohesive soils can be classified and illustrated using a characteristic chart. Depending on the soil strata strength ratio and normalized layer thickness, the soil-foundation system can be in the squeezing, factor-increasing, factor-decreasing, or constant factor zones. The results indicated that the trend of the curves in the characteristic chart computed from the asymmetric failure mechanism was in accordance with that of …
Research On Ice Resistance Of Ships Sailing In Floating Ice Floe,
2023
College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China
Research On Ice Resistance Of Ships Sailing In Floating Ice Floe, Zhixin Xiong, Xinyuan Wu, Yang Li
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
To study the ice resistance of ships in areas with floating ice, the Xuelong 2 icebreaker was simulated. A floating-ice model was established using the discrete-element method, and an ice particle array was generated using MATLAB. The effects of ice coverage and speed on ice drag were studied From the numerical simulation results, it can be seen that there is a certain trend in ice resistance under different ice coverage ranges, which changes with the change of speed.By comparing with the empirical formula and the numerical value of the ship model test, this numerical simulation results are relatively accurate.It also …
The Pre-Processing Of Wt Blade Images By Ss And Bilateral Filter With Machine Learning Frameworks,
2023
Department of Electrical Engineering, Da-Yeh University, No. 168 University Rd., Dacun, Changhua 51591, Taiwan
The Pre-Processing Of Wt Blade Images By Ss And Bilateral Filter With Machine Learning Frameworks, Joy Iong-Zong Chen, Chien-Yeh Lee, Wien-Chieh Lo
Journal of Marine Science and Technology–Taiwan
This paper discusses the motivation behind turbine migration and addresses the challenges of using NN (neural network) computing systems. Moreover, it focuses on high-dimensional data from WT (wind turbine) blades. The three key aspects addressed in this study are turbine migration, overfitting, and strict feature selection. To evaluate the performance of the machine learning system, the study considers the characteristics of WT blades, specifically the similarity in blade color and the differences in shape. The authors apply pre-processing techniques, in particular a bilateral filter, in conjunction with the SS (selective synthesizer) of blade fouling patterns. The SS method adopts the …
Epiphytic Diatom Production On The Seagrass Thalassia Testudinum In Northern Gulf Of Mexico,
2023
Jacksonville University
Epiphytic Diatom Production On The Seagrass Thalassia Testudinum In Northern Gulf Of Mexico, Jonathan L. Venable, Shayna A. Sura, Jeffrey W. Krause
Gulf and Caribbean Research
No abstract provided.
