Impact Of The Haberlea Rhodopensis Extract On The Innate Immune System And Response In Rabbits Following Klh-Hemocyanin Immunization And Cyclophosphamide Treatment, Svetlana Georgieva, Lilian Sotirov, Borislav Popov, Tsvetoslav Koynarski
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
The aim of the present investigation was to study the impact of Haberlea rhodopensis extract on the innate immune response in rabbits. The complement and lysozyme activity, percent phagocytosis, and phagocytic index were studied. The analysis of the results showed that the treatment with Haberlea rhodopensis extract, cyclophosphamide, and KLH renders a remittent effect upon the classical pathway of activation of the complement system and the lysozyme concentration in the rabbit blood serum. These same factors have no direct effect on the phagocytic activity in the investigated animals. The obtained data show limited effect of Haberlea rhodopensis extract on rabbits’ …
Light And Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies On The Lingual Papillae Of 80-Day-Old Wild Pig Fetal Siblings,
2013
TÜBİTAK
Light And Scanning Electron Microscopic Studies On The Lingual Papillae Of 80-Day-Old Wild Pig Fetal Siblings, Sevi̇nç Ateş, Yeşi̇m Akaydin Bozkurt, Tolunay Kozlu, Aydin Alan, Ayhan Düzler
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
This study examined the lingual papillae of 80-day-old wild pig fetal siblings through macroscopic and light and scanning electron microscopic observations. The results revealed that fungiform papillae were located on every aspect of the tongue except the ventral surface and the center of the dorsal surface. Conical papillae were present on the dorsal surface of the root of the tongue and marginal papillae were observed on the lateral edges of the tip of the tongue. There were 2 vallate papillae on the dorsal and 2 foliate papillae on the lateral aspects of the root of the tongue. The filiform papillae …
A Macroanatomical Study Of The Arcus Aortae In The Fox (Vulpes Vulpes),
2013
TÜBİTAK
A Macroanatomical Study Of The Arcus Aortae In The Fox (Vulpes Vulpes), Emi̇ne Karakurum, Özcan Özgel
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
The present study was aimed at the investigation of the anatomy of the arcus aortae in 5 adult female foxes. It was determined that 2 main arteries, namely the truncus brachiocephalicus and arteria subclavia sinistra, originated from the fifth intercostal space at the arcus aortae. It was ascertained that, firstly, the arteria carotis communis sinistra stemmed from the truncus brachiocephalicus, and the continuation of the artery bifurcated into the arteria subclavia dextra and arteria carotis communis dextra. The first branch, which had its origin at the arteria subclavia sinistra, was the arteria vertebralis. Further along its course, the artery gave …
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Of Multidetector Computed Tomography Images Of Paranasal Sinuses Of New Zealand Rabbits,
2013
TÜBİTAK
Three-Dimensional Reconstruction Of Multidetector Computed Tomography Images Of Paranasal Sinuses Of New Zealand Rabbits, Sema Özkadi̇f, Emrullah Eken
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
This study was conducted to produce a 3-dimensional reconstruction using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) images of the anatomic structures forming the paranasal sinuses of New Zealand rabbits and to present biometric properties of the sinuses and conchae. A total of 16 adult New Zealand rabbits, comprising 8 males and 8 females, were included in the study. After high-resolution MDCT images of the paranasal sinuses were obtained, they were reconstructed using a 3-dimensional modeling program (Mimics) by overlapping the images and the biometric measurements of the structures forming the paranasal sinuses. The maxillary sinuses of New Zealand rabbits were made up …
Effect Of Natural Zeolite (Clinoptilolite) On The Performance And Litter Quality Of Broiler Chickens,
2013
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Natural Zeolite (Clinoptilolite) On The Performance And Litter Quality Of Broiler Chickens, Ioannis Nikolakakis, Vassilis Dotas, Anastasios Kargopoulos, Lampros Hatzizisis, Dimitris Dotas, Zafiris Ampas
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
This work was conducted to study the effect of dietary supplementation with natural zeolite on the performance and litter quality of broilers. In a randomized complete block experimental design, 480-day-old Cobb-500 broilers were divided into 4 treatments with 4 replicates each and 30 chicks per replicate. The dietary treatments consisted of a control wheat-corn-soybean meal diet (C) and 3 others contained 1.0%, 2.0%, or 3.0% zeolite for Z_1, Z_2, and Z_3 treatments, respectively. Feed intake was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in Z_1, Z_2, and Z_3 treatments as compared to the control diet. Compared to the control, diets containing 2% and 3% of zeolite showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in body weight gain and feed conversion ratio for the total period. The dietary addition of zeolite significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the organic content in litter samples throughout the experimental period. The results of this study showed that the dietary addition of natural zeolite at inclusion rates of 2% and 3% had a positive effect on feed conversion ratio, body weight gain, and litter quality of broilers.
Content And Apparent Ileal Digestibility Of Protein And Amino Acids In Diets Fed To Parent Stock Of Farm-Raised Polar Foxes (Alopex Lagopus L.), Katarzyna Burlikowska, Roman Szymeczko, Anna Piotrowska, Ewa Swiech, Monika Boguslawska-Tryk, Beata Glowinska
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
This study aimed to compare content and apparent ileal digestibility of protein and amino acids in diets used over 1 year (4 feeding periods) on 2 farms of reproductive polar foxes (A and B). Two diets (1 from farm A, 1 from farm B) from the same feeding period were tested in succession (4 eight-day digestibility experiments) on 5 polar foxes with 'end-to-end' ileorectal anastomosis. The main protein sources were poultry, fish, and beef offal in diets A and beef offal in diets B. In diets A, considerably higher content of protein and total essential and nonessential amino acids was …
Effect Of Paragenetic Factors On Race Time In A Small Population Of Trotters,
2013
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Paragenetic Factors On Race Time In A Small Population Of Trotters, Ljuba Strbac, Snezana Trivunovic
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
Based on the information from the Trotting Association of Serbia, we analyzed the effect of paragenetic factors on the race times of trotters born between 1995 and 2005. Data consisted of 3435 observations of 141 trotters. The fixed effects of sex, racetrack, season, age, and distance were used to generate a linear regression model. All the observed factors had a highly significant influence on race times. On average, stallions, compared to mares and geldings, had statistically significantly faster race times (P < 0.01), while there was also a statistically significant difference between mares and the slower geldings (P < 0.05). Race horses produced their best results in the summer season (May, June, July, and August). The race times of trotters decreased as the age of the horses increased, i.e. between age and race time, there was a statistically significant negative correlation, while between distance and race time there was a statistically significant positive correlation. These results will aid in decision making about which fixed factors should be included in estimation of breeding values, even when the number of horses in the gene pool is relatively small. Incorporation of such data should enable better selection of trotting horses for breeding purposes, as it would be based on measured performance criteria.
Clostridium Botulinum In Honey: Prevalence And Antibiotic Susceptibility Of Isolated Strains,
2013
TÜBİTAK
Clostridium Botulinum In Honey: Prevalence And Antibiotic Susceptibility Of Isolated Strains, Ahmet Koluman, Berfi̇n Meli̇koğlu Gölcü, Okan Deri̇n, Si̇bel Özkök, Fabrizio Anniballi
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
Clostridium botulinum and rare strains of C. butyricum and C. baratii produce an extremely potent toxin, the botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT). Infant botulism is significant for both its high mortality rates and for the sophisticated treatment that it requires. Isolation and identification of C. botulinum according to standards depend on mouse bioassays to determine toxin-producing ability of strains. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to detect the types of toxins expressed by bacteria. Since honey is an important source of infant botulism, we determined the types of toxins secreted by C. botulinum strains and their antibiotic resistance. In this study, the …
Effects Of Sodium Lactate On The Presence Of Staphylococcus Aureus And Enterotoxins In Çiğ Köfte (Raw Meatball),
2013
TÜBİTAK
Effects Of Sodium Lactate On The Presence Of Staphylococcus Aureus And Enterotoxins In Çiğ Köfte (Raw Meatball), Enver Bariş Bi̇ngöl, Ömer Çeti̇n, Hi̇lal Çolak Üzüm, Hamparsun Hampi̇kyan
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
Çiğ köfte is a traditional raw meat product consumed almost everywhere in Turkey. It has a poor hygienic quality and can contain several pathogenic bacteria as no heating or cooking process is applied during any stage of manufacturing. The effects of sodium lactate on the presence of Staphylococcus aureus were investigated during the display-life of çiğ köfte and the formation of enterotoxins was also investigated. For this purpose, çiğ köfte samples were manufactured with different concentrations of sodium lactate (1%, 2%, 3%, and 4% NaL) and examined either in ambient (20 ± 2 °C) or refrigerator (4 ± 2 °C) …
The Effects Of Barley/Triticale Silage On Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Meat Quality Of Lambs,
2013
TÜBİTAK
The Effects Of Barley/Triticale Silage On Performance, Carcass Characteristics, And Meat Quality Of Lambs, Gülcan Demi̇rel, Ahmet Yavuz Pekel, Bülent Eki̇z, Hakan Bi̇ri̇ci̇k, Neşe Kocabağli, Müjdat Alp
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
This study was conducted to investigate the performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of lambs fed barley/triticale silage treated with/without inoculant and enzyme mixture-based diets with similar barley supplementation. Thirty Tahirova × Sakız crossbred weaned ram lambs (mean body weight: 34 ± 0.5 kg) were used in this study. Lambs were randomly divided into groups of 3 and fed the respective diets. These 3 diets were: 1) hay grass + barley, 2) triticale/barley silage + barley, and 3) triticale/barley silage with inoculants and enzyme mixture + barley. There were significant differences among groups in daily live weight gain (P < 0.001). Cold carcass weight and dressing percentage based on empty body weight and carcass conformation scores were not significantly different among groups, but fatness scores and proportion of omental and mesenteric fat were significantly affected by diet (P < 0.05). No differences were found in terms of meat lightness (L*), redness (a*), and yellowness (b*) values for M. longissimus thoracis muscle. However, silage-fed lambs in both groups had higher shear force values than hay-fed lambs in the current study (P < 0.05). It can be concluded that barley/triticale silages offered with concentrate had no unfavorable effect on lamb performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality.
Carbon Dioxide Laser-Assisted Staphylectomy In Brachycephalic And Nonbrachycephalic Dogs,
2013
TÜBİTAK
Carbon Dioxide Laser-Assisted Staphylectomy In Brachycephalic And Nonbrachycephalic Dogs, Adolfo Maria Tambella, Cecilia Vullo, Fabrizio Dini, Angela Palumbo Piccionello, Anna Rita Attili
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
Elongated soft palate is a common upper airway anomaly in brachycephalic dogs. The scientific literature considering this pathology in nonbrachycephalic dogs is limited. The aim of this study was to estimate the importance of the elongated soft palate in nonbrachycephalic dogs (n = 10), carrying out, at the same time, a comparison with selected brachycephalic dogs (n = 19), on the effect of carbon dioxide laser staphylectomy. The selected population had only elongated soft palates and no other disorders. The surgery was rapid and uncomplicated; no suture material was used. The comprehensive recovery was significant (P < 0.0001): 68.4% of brachycephalic dogs and 100% of nonbrachycephalic dogs had complete recovery. The incomplete recovery in older brachycephalic dogs matched a more advanced pathologic phase. This study suggests that, in the case of high respiratory tract alteration and poor exercise tolerance, it is imperative to consider in differential diagnosis the elongated soft palate in nonbrachycephalic breeds, too; their clinical signs are less severe and frequently underestimated. The surgical treatment has a favorable prognosis when the only alteration is elongated soft palate. The carbon dioxide laser has been confirmed as an useful option for staphylectomy in dogs.
First Report Of Cryptosporidium Spp. And Giardia Duodenalis In Calves From Northeastern Brazil,
2013
TÜBİTAK
First Report Of Cryptosporidium Spp. And Giardia Duodenalis In Calves From Northeastern Brazil, Thais Ferreira Feitosa, Vinícius Longo Ribeiro Vilela, Ana Célia Rodrigues Athayde
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia spp. in cattle calves from the Sertão region of Paraíba State in northeastern Brazil. The experiment was conducted using 100 calves from 10 farms. To evaluate the presence of oocysts, the technique of flotation in a sucrose solution was used, and for detection of C. parvum and G. duodenalis, the immunochromatographic test RIDA®QUICK Cryptosporidium/Giardia strips were used. It was noted that animals of 1 to 30 days of age were statistically more affected (P < 0.05) by Cryptosporidium spp. Only 4 calves (25% of the positive animals) had diarrhea (P < 0.05). Nine animals were positive for G. duodenalis; diarrhea was present in 6 (66.67%) of those animals, which was considered a risk factor (P < 0.05). It was concluded that Cryptosporidium spp. and G. duodenalis were present in calves from northeastern Brazil.
Semen Quality In White Leghorn Chicken Selected For Egg Production Traits,
2013
TÜBİTAK
Semen Quality In White Leghorn Chicken Selected For Egg Production Traits, Shanmugam Murugesan, Niranjan Matam, Rakesh Kulkarni, Tarun Kumar Bhattacharya, Rudranath Chatterjee
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of selection for egg production traits in White Leghorn chicken based upon the semen quality. Males of 3 pure lines of White Leghorn, namely IWH, IWI, and IWK, along with a pedigree random-bred control (IWC) population, were selected and housed in individual cages. The semen collected from individual birds was evaluated for different physical and biochemical parameters. There was significant (P =< 0.013) difference in semen quality parameters studied between the lines. High egg-producing lines IWH and IWI had poor semen quality in comparison with that of the control line (IWC). Thus, it can be concluded that selection for higher egg production affects the semen quality of males in the selected lines.
First Report Of Abnormal Pigmentation In A Surmullet, Mullus Surmuletus L. (Osteichthyes: Mullidae),
2013
TÜBİTAK
First Report Of Abnormal Pigmentation In A Surmullet, Mullus Surmuletus L. (Osteichthyes: Mullidae), Adnan Tokaç, Okan Akyol, Celaletti̇n Aydin, Ali̇ Ulaş
Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences
On 17 October 2012, an abnormally pigmented specimen of the surmullet Mullus surmuletus L. with a standard length of 164 mm was caught off the coast of Urla in İzmir Bay (Aegean Sea). This is the first report of abnormal pigmentation of the surmullet in the Mediterranean Basin. The sample fish had a patterned blue color on the back and its flanks were silvery. This kind of malpigmentation has not been observed in any mullids up to now.
Glutaredoxin-2 Is Required To Control Proton Leak Through Uncoupling Protein-3,
2013
University of Ottawa Faculty of Medicine
Glutaredoxin-2 Is Required To Control Proton Leak Through Uncoupling Protein-3, Ryan J. Mailloux, Jian Ying Xuan, Brittany Beauchamp, Marjorie F. Lou, Mary-Ellen Harper
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Glutathionylation has emerged as a key modification required for controlling protein function in response to changes in cell redox status. Recently, we showed that the glutathionylation state of uncoupling protein-3 (UCP3) modulates the leak of protons back into the mitochondrial matrix, thus controlling reactive oxygen species production. However, whether or not UCP3 glutathionylation is mediated enzymatically has remained unknown because previous work relied on the use of pharmacological agents, such as diamide, to alter the UCP3 glutathionylation state. Here, we demonstrate that glutaredoxin-2 (Grx2), a matrix oxidoreductase, is required to glutathionylate and inhibit UCP3. Analysis of bioenergetics in skeletal muscle …
Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation In The Management Of Chronic Lower Airway Inflammatory Conditions In Horses,
2013
Purdue University
Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation In The Management Of Chronic Lower Airway Inflammatory Conditions In Horses, Nora Nogradi
Open Access Theses
Chronic lower airway inflammatory diseases, such as recurrent airway obstruction (RAO) and inflammatory airway disease (IAD) are common in horses. RAO and IAD present many similarities with asthma in people. Based on studies in human asthma, omega - 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) supplementation has been proposed to improve clinical signs in horses with chronic lower airway inflammatory disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of an omega-3 PUFA containing equine feed supplement (AleiraTM) in horses with chronic lower airway disease. The study consisted of two separate experiments. First, a pilot study was …
A Dysfunctional Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Enhances Fitness Of
Staphylococcus Epidermidis During Β-Lactam Stress,
2013
Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Center for Staphylococcal Research
A Dysfunctional Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Enhances Fitness Of Staphylococcus Epidermidis During Β-Lactam Stress, Vinai Chittenzham Thomas, Lauren Kinkhead, Ashley Janssen, Carolyn Schaeffer, Keith Woods, Jill Lindgren, Johnathan Peaster, Sujata Chaudhari, Marat Sadykov, Joselyn Jones, Sameh Mohamadi Abdelghani, Matthew Zimmerman, Kenneth W. Bayles, Greg Somerville, Paul Fey
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
A recent controversial hypothesis suggested that the bactericidal action of antibiotics is due to the generation of endogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS), a process requiring the citric acid cycle (tricarboxylic acid [TCA] cycle). To test this hypothesis, we assessed the ability of oxacillin to induce ROS production and cell death in Staphylococcus epidermidis strain 1457 and an isogenic citric acid cycle mutant. Our results confirm a contributory role for TCA-dependent ROS in enhancing susceptibility of S. epidermidis toward β-lactam antibiotics and also revealed a propensity for clinical isolates to accumulate TCA cycle dysfunctions presumably as a way to tolerate these …
Manipulation Of Cellular Processing Bodies
And Their Constituents By Viruses,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Manipulation Of Cellular Processing Bodies And Their Constituents By Viruses, Asit K. Pattnaik, Phat X. Dinh
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
The processing bodies (PBs) are a form of cytoplasmic aggregates that house the cellular RNA decay machinery as well as many RNA-binding proteins and mRNAs. The PBs are constitutively present in eukaryotic cells and are involved in maintaining cellular homeostasis by regulating RNA metabolism, cell signaling, and survival. Virus infections result in modification of the PBs and their constituents. Many viruses induce compositionally altered PBs, while many others use specific components of the PBs for their replication. PB constituents are also known to restrict virus replication by a variety of mechanisms. Further, continuing studies in this rapidly emerging field of …
Characterization Of A Serologic Marker Candidate For
Development Of A Live-Attenuated Diva Vaccine Against Porcine
Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus,
2013
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Characterization Of A Serologic Marker Candidate For Development Of A Live-Attenuated Diva Vaccine Against Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus, Hiep Vu, Byungjoon Kwon, Marcelo De Lima, Asit K. Pattnaik, Fernando A. Osorio
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
DIVA (differentiating infected from vaccinated animals) vaccines have proven extremely useful for control and eradication of infectious diseases in livestock. We describe here the characterization of a serologic marker epitope, so-called epitope-M201, which can be a potential target for development of a live-attenuated DIVA vaccine against porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Epitope-M201 is located at the carboxyl terminus (residues 161-174) of the viral M protein. The epitope is highly immunodominant and well-conserved among type-II PRRSV isolates. Rabbit polyclonal antibodies prepared against this epitope are non-neutralizing; thus, the epitope does not seem to contribute to the protective immunity against …
Trex1 Regulates Lysosomal Biogenesis And Interferon-Independent Activation Of Antiviral Genes,
2013
University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center
Trex1 Regulates Lysosomal Biogenesis And Interferon-Independent Activation Of Antiviral Genes, Maroof Hasan, James Koch, Dinesh Rakheja, Asit K. Pattnaik, James Brugarolas, Igor Dozmorov, Beth Levine, Edward K. Wakeland, Min Ae Lee-Kirsch, Nan Yan
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Innate immune sensing of viral nucleic acids triggers type I interferon (IFN) production, which activates interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) and directs a multifaceted antiviral response. ISGs can also be activated through IFN-independent pathways, although the precise mechanisms remain elusive. Here we found that the cytosolic exonuclease Trex1 regulates the activation of a subset of ISGs independently of IFN. Both Trex1−/− mouse and TREX1-mutant human cells express high levels of antiviral genes and are refractory to viral infections. The IFN-independent activation of antiviral genes in Trex1−/− cells requires STING, TBK1 and IRF3 and IRF7. We also found that Trex1-deficient cells display expanded …
