Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Bioinformatics Analysis And Comparison Of The S Protein Of Canine Coronavirus And Feline Coronavirus, Bo Dong, Xiaowei Zhong, Jiaqi Zhuo, Renyi Hu, Xiaodong Zhang, Xiaolian Xu, Haiyan Deng, Xiaofang Yan, Weiming Lin

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The Coronavirus S protein induces neutralizing antibodies, specific receptor binding, and membrane fusion between the virus and host cells. These changes are crucial to understanding the mechanism, genetic correlates, and prophylactic treatment of viral infection. In this study, the spike (S) protein structure and phylogenetic association of CCoV and FcoV were analyzed using bioinformatics. The results showed that the S proteins of CCoV and FCoV contained transmembrane regions and signal peptides. The S proteins of these coronaviruses were soluble. The S proteins of these strains also contained two functional domains and two motifs, i.e., corona_S1 and corona_S2. Phylogenetic analysis showed …

Comparison Between Surgical And Non-Surgical Treatments Of Concomitant Cranial Cruciate Ligament Rupture And Medial Patellar Luxation In Small-Breed Dogs, Ekkapol Akaraphutiporn, Chalika Wangdee, Irin Kwananocha

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CrCLR) and medial patellar luxation (MPL) are common problems that cause hindlimb dysfunction, lameness and pain in dogs. Although surgical intervention is recommended for these conditions, it may not be suitable for an individual with some underlying diseases. The objective of the present study was to compare the outcomes between surgical and non-surgical treatments for concomitant CrCLR and MPL in small-breed dogs. Seven stifles from five small-breed dogs with concomitant CrCLR and MPL were enrolled and divided into two groups. Four limbs (three dogs) in Group 1 were treated conservatively, and three limbs (two dogs) in …

Development Of A Preliminary Clinical Approach For Detecting Insulin Resistance For Normoglycemic Control In Canine Diabetes, Chutirat Torsahakul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Consistent and effective blood glucose (BG) control is crucial in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance (IR). In this study, the surrogate indices for monitoring insulin sensitivity and the preliminary clinical approach for detecting IR were established. Fasting serum C-peptide was measured by a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit and utilized as an endogenous insulin representation. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was then calculated. To detect the IR, the relationship between HOMA-IR and fasting serum C-peptide in each individual subject was analyzed, and designed cut-off values. The results revealed that the HOMA-IR of …

Progestin-Based Non-Surgical Contraception In Dogs And Cats: A National Survey Of Practices Among Thai Veterinarians, Shanaporn Leelakajornkit, Piyaporn Kamdee, Suppawiwat Ponglowhapan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the current use of progestins as contraceptives in dogs and cats and to evaluate veterinarians' awareness of related complications across Thailand. A total of 724 veterinarians participated, predominantly female (66.3%) and aged 31-40 years (49.6%), with most working in Bangkok and its metropolitan area (52.6%) and having 6-15 years of experience in small animal practice (46.4%). Approximately 6.8% of respondents (49/724) reported using injectable progestins, mainly in female dogs (87.8%) and cats (83.7%), but also in male dogs (18.4%) and cats (14.3%). Veterinarians using progestins were mostly male (59.2%), with an average age of …

Effect Of Modified Smart Extender On Sperm Longevity And Frozen-Thawed Semen Quality In Bantam Chicken (Gallus Gallus), Nattaporn Chaysakul, Naruephon Leeamnuaycharoen, Marvin Bryan Salinas, Teepakorn Lertwichaikul, Chakorn Kunkaew, Jureerat Sumretprasong, Anucha Sathanawongs

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The round body shape and short legs of Bantam chickens (Gallus gallus) pose breeding challenges, making artificial insemination critical for these animals. To contribute to such assisted reproductive technology in avians, this study assessed the effect of a modified simple medium for assisted reproductive technology (SMART) extender on sperm longevity and frozen-thawed semen quality compared to the Blumberger Hahnen Sperma Verdünner (BHSV) extender. Sperm motility and viability were measured in 20 roosters at fresh and chilled conditions at 4-, 24-, and 48-hour intervals. For the subsequent freezing step, 6% and 9% DMA were added to both extenders as …

Morphological And Morphometric Variations Of The Tympanic Bulla Between Domestic Shorthair And Brachycephalic Cats Utilizing Computed Tomography, Naparee Srisowanna, Damri Darawiroj, Nan Choisunirachon, Chutimon Thanaboonnipat, Sirinun Pisamai Tabtieang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Tympanic morphology of the dogs was reported to be varied due to the characteristics of the skull types. The small tympanic bulla is normally seen in brachycephalic dogs. However, this variation in narrowed-skull shaped cats has not been unveiled yet. The objective of this study was to describe the tympanic morphology of cats between brachycephalic and domestic shorthair (DSH) cats. Computer tomography (CT)-skull images of 15 domestic shorthair cats and 11 brachycephalic cats were evaluated for tympanic dimension on transverse and dorsal planes and the tympanic bone thickness. All parameters were compared between both groups. The results revealed that all …

Research Progress On The Structure And Function Of The Main Glycoproteins Of Bovine Infectious Rhinotracheitis Virus, Xin Zhang, Ruizhen Jian, Weijuan Jia, Yunjiao Chen, Qinglei Meng, Fang Yang, Jianjian Han, Zhilin Liu, Zelin Jia, Jiayu Cui, Xueli Wang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) is an acute, febrile, and contact infectious disease. Bovine infectious rhinotracheitis is endemic in China and even the world, which not only restricts the development of the cattle industry but also brings significant economic losses to farms. Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus (IBRV) contains 25 - 33 structural proteins, of which glycoproteins gB, gC, gD, gE, gG, gH, gI, gK, gL, and gM are the major structural glycoproteins of bovine rhinotracheitis virus, and all of these glycoproteins are interconnected with the assembly, invasion, release, and replication of the virus, and the only glycoproteins that are known …

A Systematic Literature Review Of Granulocytes-Colony Stimulating Factor Treatment In Animals, Syahirah Ahmad Affandi, Nurul Hayah Khairuddin, Mohammed Sadiq Babatunde, Azalea Hani Othman, Collin Looi Seng Kim, Siti Sarah Othman, Sharifah Roohi Syed Waseem Ahmad

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study presents a systematic literature review (SLR) on the efficacy of granulocytes-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) as a treatment component in relation to clinicopathological parameters and overall outcomes. Using the PICO approach, a research question development tool, the SLR was designed to identify the animals in which G-CSF had been used, the types of G-CSF utilized and their effectiveness as a therapeutic agent in stimulating haematological parameters, as well as their potential adverse effects. Three primary keywords associated with the review topic were selected and incorporated into the search query to retrieve pertinent literature from three databases: Scopus, Science Direct, …

Outcomes In Dogs Undergoing Surgical Correction For Septic Peritonitis: A Retrospective Study In 61 Cases (2019-2022), Krishaporn Kradangnga, Naipaporn Kongrattanachat, Wichulada Suwansukroj, Jiraporn Supasombatolan, Chayanon Tiaraksa

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This retrospective study described clinical parameters, evaluated the chance of death (hazard ratio) and compared outcomes until hospital discharge in septic peritonitis dogs that underwent surgery in 61 cases at a single academic referral hospital population. The surgical records of 223 dogs with suspected septic peritonitis requiring surgical intervention were reviewed and a total of 61 dogs, primarily mixed breed (34.43%), with intraoperative gross lesions and cytology confirmed septic peritonitis were included in the study. The gastrointestinal tract was the most common source of septic peritonitis (52.46%). The overall survival to hospital discharge was 52.46%. Admission time until surgery, drain …

Ultrasonic Doppler As A Guide For Feline Peripheral Arterial Catheterization, Satoshi Haginoya, Elizabeth J. Thomovsky, Hsin-Yi Weng, Paula A. Johnson, Aimee C. Brooks

Purdue University Libraries Open Access Publishing Fund

Objectives

The study aimed to determine if an ultrasonic Doppler-guided technique (UDGT) leads to improved placement efficacy (time, success) of feline dorsal pedal arterial catheters vs the traditional palpation-guided technique (TPT).

Methods

A total of 26 adult, client-owned cats requiring sedation or general anesthesia for any reason, aged >12 months and weighing >3.0 kg, and with Doppler blood pressure measurements of at least 80 mmHg were enrolled. Each hindlimb was randomly assigned for dorsal pedal arterial catheterization using either the UDGT or TPT. With the UDGT, the location of the artery was identified by an audible sound using the Doppler. …

Reproduction And In Vitro Technologies Of Swamp Buffalo; Past, Present, And Future, Ruchikon Jongsuwanwattana, Theerawat Swangchan-Uthai, Sudson Sirivaidyapong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Swamp buffalo (Bubalus bubalis carabanensis) has long been integral to agriculture and has served as an essential source of food security in Southeast Asia, particularly in Thailand. Despite their economic and cultural significance, swamp buffaloes have been at risk of declining populations due to low fertility rates. This review provides a comprehensive overview of swamp buffalo reproduction, examining past and present practices, identifying gaps in the literature, and exploring potential future directions for improving reproductive efficiency. This examination inquiries into the reproductive anatomy and physiology of the domestic buffalo, providing a comparative analysis among ruminants. Recent advancements in …

An Accidental Discovery Of Ductal Adenocarcinoma Of The Pancreas In An Adult Horse With Severe Abdominal Pain, Thita Wonghanchao, Kanokpan Sanigavatee, Chanoknun Poochipakorn, Onjira Huangsaksri, Phudit Maneesaay, Rungrueang Yodsheewan, Metha Chanda

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A native pony, eight years old and male, was tentatively diagnosed with abdominal pain and treated immediately. Sequential hematological profiles revealed increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and creatinine, as well as reduced albumin. After the pony's death, which occurred eight days after treatment began, a necropsy was performed. The liver's external surface showed small foci, but no gross lesion was observed in the pancreas, which was enlarged. Haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining of the liver showed multifocal inflammation in the hepatic parenchyma, coinciding with bile duct hyperplasia. The pancreas H&E staining showed well-differentiated tubular glands with …

A Conjunctival Mast Cell Tumor In Golden Retriever: A Case Report, Orapun Jaturakan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A high-grade mast cell tumor of the conjunctiva in the Golden Retriever is a rare condition. Wide excisional conjunctival mass biopsy is suggested, combined with chemotherapy. A 9-year-old neutered female Golden Retriever with a painless conjunctival mass at the right temporal bulbar conjunctiva was presented at the Ophthalmology Clinic of the Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Chulalongkorn University. Complete physical and ophthalmic examinations were performed. The metastasis of the primary conjunctival mass was investigated by radiography of the skull, orbit, thorax, and abdomen, as well as by ultrasonography in the orbit and abdomen. No metastasis was confirmed …

Cervical Lymphangiosarcoma In A Poodle Dog: Surgical Treatment And Chemotherapy, Minkyung Kim, Young-Hwan Kim, Jae-Eun Hyun

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

A 7-year-old neutered male Poodle exhibited a persistent caudoventral cervical mass with draining lesions characterized by chronic and relapsing features. Upon presentation, the mass measured 7 × 11 × 11.5 cm, containing sanguine fluid. Computed tomography revealed the diffuse extension of the cervical mass from the C3 level to the thoracic inlet, affecting the sternal lymph node. Extensive surgical removal was attempted with meticulous resection to avoid damaging the right jugular vein, carotid sheath, and vagus nerve within the mass. Histopathology and immunohistochemical staining for factor VIII confirmed the diagnosis of lymphangiosarcoma. Due to inadequate surgical margin excision, four cycles …

Food Safety, Swine Health, And Productivity Of A Farrow-To-Finish Swine Farm Following Implementation Of A Certified Haccp System In Japan, Hiroshi Akaike, Makoto Nagai, Tomomitsu Alexandre Okatani, Sumalee Boonmar, Yukio Morita

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study examined the safety and productivity of a farrow-to-finish swine farm from 2015 to 2019, in Japan. The farm implemented a farm Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP) system in July 2016. The critical control point was “the selection of shipping pigs” and the critical limit for preventing contamination with residual antibiotics in pigs was “the withholding period has passed,” while that for preventing contamination with residual needle fragments was “the needle was not included.” No deviations from critical limits were observed, indicating the pigs were safe. In addition, the numerical goal of pigs born alive per litter …

A Preliminary Study Of Tracheal Morphology In Mixed-Breed Dog Cadavers: Anatomical Variation Of Tracheal Cartilaginous Rings, Naparee Srisowanna, Sirin Theerawatanasirikul, Sukumal Prukudom, Niyada Lansubsakul, Montri Pattarapanawan, Maneenooch Khiao-In

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Anatomical abnormalities of the trachea leading to respiratory distress. Few reports describe the morphological characterization of the dog’s trachea, particularly in the tracheal cartilaginous rings. In this study, twelve tracheas from mixed-breed dog cadavers were obtained to investigate their features across three anatomical tracheal regions: cervical, thoracic inlet, and intrathoracic trachea. The average length of the trachea was 18.92 ± 0.67 cm. Each trachea contained a different number of tracheal rings, ranging from 32 to 41 rings (37.42 ± 0.81 rings). A significant reduction in both outer transverse diameter (OTD) and outer vertical diameter (OVD) was observed from the cervical …

First Serological Evidence Of Coxiella Burnetii And Mycobacterium Avium Subspecies Paratuberculosis (Map) Among Deer In An Institutional Farm In Malaysia, Bura Thlama Paul, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse, Shivnraj Sundar Universiti Putra Malaysia, Nur Hanis Nadhirah Yosryhan, Yonis Ahmed Ahmed Jimale Dr, Eric Lim Teik Chung Dr, Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila Prof

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii, which is associated with reproductive disorders such as abortion and reproductive problems in ruminants, while paratuberculosis is an underdiagnosed disease caused by Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP) which causes chronic wasting, low fertility, and mortality in ruminants. Although both C. burnetii and MAP infections have been reported in domestic ruminants worldwide, there is no data on their seroprevalence status among deer in Selangor, Malaysia. This study investigated the seroprevalence status of C. burnetii and MAP among deer in Malaysia. Ninety-two blood sera collected from an institutional deer farm were screened …

Multidrug-Resistant Esbl-Producing Escherichia Coli Coexisting With Colistin-Resistance Genes In Pig Farms, Central Thailand, Wipawee Songsaeng, Nutthee Am-In, Nuvee Prapasarakul, Wandee Sirichokchatchawan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The presence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and colistin resistance E. coli in food-producing animals is a public health concern. This study was conducted using a rigorous methodology to survey the prevalence of ESBL-producing and colistin-resistant E. coli from pig farms in the central part of Thailand. A total of 519 samples were collected from fecal, feed, and waste in 53 farms located in central Thailand. All samples were inoculated onto selective agar, and species identification was performed using biochemical assays and MAlDI-TOF MS. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by broth microdilution, and ESBL production was confirmed by the combination disc diffusion method. …

A Preliminary Study Of Lasia Spinosa Thw. Feed Supplementation Improving Semen Quality Of Subfertile Purebred Boars, Supitcha Kaewma, Junpen Suwimonteerabutr, Nutthee Am-In, Saritvich Panyaboriban, Mongkol Techakumphu, Theerawat Swangchan-Uthai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Poor semen quality is a significant issue among imported purebred boars in Thailand, affecting both semen quality itself and reducing productivity at AI stations. The present study investigated the effects of dietary supplementation with Lasia spinosa Thw. (LST) on improving boar semen quality. A group of boars experiencing poor semen quality were monitored, and three were selected due to their persistent low semen profiles for the supplementation experiment. Dried LST powder was prepared in small bags at a dosage of 4 g per 100 kg body weight and added to the regular feed for daily oral administration over an 8-week …

Quantitative Evaluation Of Different Fixatives For Masson Trichrome Staining In Canine Intestinal Tissue: An Image Analysis-Based Comparative Study, Siriluck Juntausa, Kongkiat Srisuwatanasagul, Kittipot Kongsonthana, Punnarat Vibulchan, Sayamon Srisuwatanasagul

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Neutral buffer formalin (NBF) has been widely used as a fixative for histological staining for ages. However, for some special staining, such as Masson trichrome staining, it has been proposed that the suitable fixative was Bouin’s solution. The purpose of the present study was to compare the different fixatives and post-fixative protocols on the quality of Masson trichrome staining. The canine intestines (n = 10), which were the duodenum and colon, were used as the candidate organs since they comprised of various tissue components. The fixatives and staining protocols were divided into four groups, which were Groups 1 and 2; …