Women's Health Commons^™

Does Delay In The Diagnosis Of Rudimentary Horn Pregnancy In Patients With Unicornuate Uteri Impact Treatment Outcomes?, Victoria Webber, Megan Fee, Damla Gonullu, Jessica Rausch, Omosalewa Itauma, Chidinma Abara, Awoniyi Awonuga

Medical Student Research Symposium

OBJECTIVE: Rudimentary horn pregnancy (RHP) is a very rare form of ectopic pregnancy (EP) that tends to rupture in the second trimester. Similar to other EPs, the treatment of RHPs is excision, hence delay in diagnosis (DID) can be detrimental. Our objective is to determine whether DID of RHP in patients with unicornuate uteri (UCU) impacts the treatment outcome.

DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study of published case reports in PubMed database.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: A computerized PubMed search of case reports of RHP from 2007 to 2020 was performed using the key words; unicornuate uterus, rudimentary horn, pregnancy, case. Data was …

Meropenem-Induced Pancytopenia In A Preterm Neonate: A Case Report, Kashif Hussain, Muhammad Sohail Salat, Naureen Mohammad, Ambreen Mughal, Sidra Idrees, Javaid Iqbal, Gul Ambreen

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Background: A post-marketing surveillance study has reported an association between meropenem use and the incidence of hematologic abnormalities, including leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, and neutropenia, but the precise incidence in neonates is unknown. Here, we report meropenem-induced pancytopenia in a preterm neonate.
Case presentation: A preterm newborn Pakistani received intravenous meropenem 40 mg/kg every 8 hours to treat Klebsiella pneumoniae in blood cultures and suspected meningitis. The baby developed severe thrombocytopenia, with a platelet count of 22 × 10³ cells/mm³, low hemoglobin level of 9.7 g/dl, and low absolute neutrophil count (ANC) of 816 cells/mm³ on days …

Characteristics Of Salmonella Recovered From Stools Of Children Enrolled In The Global Enteric Multicenter Study, Irene N. Kasumba, Caisey V. Pulford, Blanca M. Perez-Sepulveda, Sunil Sen, Nurulla Sayed, Jasnehta Permala-Booth, Sofie Livio Sofie Livio, Darren Heavens Darren Heavens, Ross Low Ross Low, Shahida Qureshi, Anita K. M. Zaidi

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: The Global Enteric Multicenter Study (GEMS) determined the etiologic agents of moderate-to-severe diarrhea (MSD) in children under 5 years old in Africa and Asia. Here, we describe the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) serovars in GEMS and examine the phylogenetics of Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 isolates.
Methods: Salmonella isolated from children with MSD or diarrhea-free controls were identified by classical clinical microbiology and serotyped using antisera and/or whole genome sequence data. We evaluated antimicrobial susceptibility using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. Salmonella Typhimurium sequence types were determined using multi-locus sequence typing and whole genome sequencing was performed …

A Pathogenic Ufsp2 Variant In An Autosomal Recessive Form Of Pediatric Neurodevelopmental Anomalies And Epilepsy, Min Ni, Bushra Afroze, Chao Xing, Chunxiao Pan, Yanqiu Shao, Ling Cai, Brandi L. Cantarel, Jimin Pei, Nick V. Grishin, Stacy Hewson

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Purpose: Neurodevelopmental disabilities are common and genetically heterogeneous. We identified a homozygous variant in the gene encoding UFM1-specific peptidase 2 (UFSP2), which participates in the UFMylation pathway of protein modification. UFSP2 variants are implicated in autosomal dominant skeletal dysplasias, but not neurodevelopmental disorders. Homozygosity for the variant occurred in eight children from four South Asian families with neurodevelopmental delay and epilepsy. We describe the clinical consequences of this variant and its effect on UFMylation.
Methods: Exome sequencing was used to detect potentially pathogenic variants and identify shared regions of homozygosity. Immunoblotting assessed protein expression and post-translational modifications in patient-derived fibroblasts. …

Patient Recommendations For Providers To Avoid Stigmatizing Weight In Rural-Based Women With Low Income, Declan Watson, Katherine Hughes, Emma Robinson, Jacqueline Billette, Andrea E. Bombak

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Weight stigma has become widespread within health care and disproportionately affects women, who are under greater appearance-based scrutiny than men. It is also well established that rural-based individuals with low incomes suffer greater health disparities compared with urban, higher-income counterparts, yet studies examining recommendations for nonstigmatizing health care among higher-weight women from low-income rural settings are lacking. This study examined the experiences and recommendations of higher-weight, low-income, rural women, with the aim of improving health care for similar populations.

Methods: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted in a rural region of the Midwestern United States to explore participants’ recommendations for …

Risk Factors Of Breast Cancer Among Patients In A Tertiary Care Hospitals In Afghanistan: A Case Control Study, Zekrullah Baset, Jamshid Abdul Ghafar, Yasmin Parpio, Ahmed Maseh Haidary

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: Breast cancer is the second most common causes of women's death, worldwide. Data on risk factors associated with female breast cancer in the Afghan population is very limited. The aim of our study was to identifying risk factor associated with female breast cancer in Afghanistan.
Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted with inclusion of 201 cases and 201 controls. Patient information was collected by interviewing the patient through a structured questionnaire. Histopathological information was collected from the hospital integrated laboratory management system. The data was analyzed by using logistic regression with univariate and multivariable analyses to determine the …

Disparities In Cardiovascular Disease Outcomes Among Pregnant And Post-Partum Women, Mohamed M Gad, Islam Y Elgendy, Ahmed N Mahmoud, Anas M Saad, Toshiaki Isogai, Isadora Sande Mathias, Rabel Misbah Rameez, Johnny Chahine, Hani Jneid, Samir R Kapadia

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background

The incidence of cardiovascular disease among pregnant women is rising in the United States. Data on racial disparities for the major cardiovascular events during pregnancy are limited.

Methods and Results

Pregnant and post‐partum women hospitalized from January 2007 to December 2017 were identified from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. The outcomes of interest included: in‐hospital mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, pulmonary embolism, and peripartum cardiomyopathy. Multivariate regression analysis was used to assess the independent association between race and in‐hospital outcomes. Among 46 700 637 pregnancy‐related hospitalizations, 21 663 575 (46.4%) were White, 6 302 089 (13.5%) were Black, and 8 914 …

Community As Medicine: A Trauma-Informed Yoga Program For Multi-Cultural Female Immigrants Identified In The Primary Care Setting, Katherine Rizzolo, Sean Lena, Maha Jaber, Jessica Schaumburg, Kiana Vakil-Gilani, Nicole Rebusi, Dianna Stade, Adriana Nadeau, Nicoleta Toma, Brian King, Lesley Gordon

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Introduction: The immigrant population in Maine represents a unique group of patients with complicated health care needs due to cultural, linguistic, and systemic barriers. We sought to bridge gaps in health access for immigrant women by expanding and integrating community resources through the development and evaluation of a trauma-informed yoga class.

Methods: A needs assessment via a focus group with immigrant women revealed barriers to care and community health needs. Health partners of the immigrant community were identified via word of mouth and a Google search. Yoga participants were recruited in the primary care clinic and by community outreach. Participants …

Trends In Diagnoses Of Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome At Newborn Hospitalization In Maine, 2009-2018, Emily C. Bauer Mph, Katherine Ahrens Phd, Jenny L. Carwile Mph, Scd

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Introduction: Incidence rates of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) have increased in Maine, but whether this increase can be explained by use of different diagnosis codes over time is unknown. Our objective was to estimate trends in diagnoses of NAS at newborn hospitalization in Maine using different NAS case definitions.

Methods: We used International Classification of Diseases (ICD) diagnosis codes to identify newborns diagnosed with NAS in Maine between 2009 and 2018 using state-level hospital discharge data (n = 123 519). First, we considered only ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes used for confirmed NAS. Then we used an expanded ICD-10 NAS case …

The Impacts Of Terrorism On Maternal Health In Afghanistan, Kyla Rocanello-Snow

Global Sustainable Development Projects

Terrorism is both directly and indirectly harmful to maternal health. Terrorist attacks targeted at healthcare workers, hospitals and maternity wards are a direct impediment of maternal healthcare. Other terrorist activity and conflict produce overall instability, aggravating insecurity in the country. Attacks that disrupt functions within a community and a country at large indirectly impact maternal health as they target specific social determinants of health, including infrastructure for transportation, education, and healthcare. Terrorism and the influence of Islamic militia groups in Afghanistan continue to threaten the power and stability of the national government, making it difficult for policy enactment to improve …

A Systematic Review Of Approaches Used For Reproductive Health Interventions, Hanvit Park, Emma Hilbelink, Adejoke Ayoola

Summer Research

During 2011 in the United States, 48% of all pregnancies were unintended.1 This may be attributed to a lack of knowledge of women’sreproductive anatomy and bodily changes, and contraception. To promote women's reproductive health, it is essential for women to be educated about their reproductive system, associated bodily changes, risk of conception and contraceptive use.

Increasing Minority Representation In The Healthcare Field Through A Girl’S Summer Camp, Anna Christiansen, Dzifa Agbossey-Dimado, Adejoke Ayoola

Summer Research

• Despite increasing diversity among the United States’ population, the healthcare workforce, particularly in highly skilled roles, has failed to keep pace. The underrepresentation of minority groups within healthcare professions comes at the expense of quality and access to care, patient satisfaction, acceptability, general experience, and health outcomes.
• One promising approach to addressing this health inequity is increasing the diversity of the healthcare workforce across all skill-level roles so that it is representative of the population which it serves. Research suggests that exposing underrepresented groups to healthcare professions as a possible career path during formative career planning years (early middle school), …

An Assessment Of Kentucky Birth Records, Focusing On Early-Onset Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy, Environmental Metal Exposures, And Geocoding Precision, 2008-2017, Courtney J. Walker

Theses and Dissertations--Epidemiology and Biostatistics

Using live and stillbirth records from Kentucky (2008-2017), this dissertation assessed the county-level prevalence and geospatial patterns of early-onset hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (eHDP); examined the geocoding precision of addresses recorded on birth records, and evaluated the association between individual risk factors and environmental metal exposures on eHDP prevalence. After adjusting for maternal demographic factors and pre-existing health conditions, we observed that eHDP prevalence was 38% higher (aPR=1.38, 95%CI:1.16, 1.64) in counties with the highest prevalence of married women (> 53.8%) compared to lower prevalence areas (31.6%) had a 20% higher prevalence of eHDP(aPR=1.20, 95%CI:1.00, 1.44) compared to counties with …

Assessment Of Cooking Matters Facebook Platform To Promote Healthy Eating Behaviors Among Low-Income Caregivers Of Young Children In The United States: A Pilot Study, Qi Zhang, Jill Panichelli, Leigh Ann Hall

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

How best to deliver healthy-eating education through social media among a low-income population remains understudied. To assess the impact of the Cooking Matters (CM) Facebook page on healthy eating behaviors among low-income caregivers, we conducted a pre–post survey of new CM Facebook followers in early 2020. A convenience sample was recruited at baseline from WICShopper app users and the CM Facebook page. The recruited sample included 397 low-income caregivers of a child younger than 6 who never followed CM Facebook. Among the baseline caregivers, 184 completed the follow-up survey. Paired t-test and McNemar–Bowker tests were conducted to compare the outcomes …

Building Assets Toolkit: Developing Positive Benchmarks For Adolescent Girls—Instruction Guide [Arabic], Judith Bruce, Sarah Engebretsen, Kimberly Glazer

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

English Summary:
The Building Assets Toolkit is an approach for developing programs for specific segments of girls that will prepare them to better face the challenges of growing up. It will help program managers understand the needs of the girls in their community, engage stakeholders at different levels and with different viewpoints, and build concrete and meaningful programming for adolescent girls. The toolkit contains all the materials needed to help make a preliminary assessment of the assets a girl should acquire and the age by which she should acquire them. This document contains the Building Assets Toolkit’s List of …

Nurse Home Visitation Program In Hamilton County, Oh To Increase Maternal And Child Health Outcomes, Hannah Widner

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Hamilton County Ohio currently has poor outcomes related to maternal and infant health, specifically among African Americans. Compared to the Healthy People 2020 goals, Hamilton County has higher rates of infant mortality, preterm birth, neonatal infant mortality, and conception within 18 months of previous pregnancies. These rates are disproportionate among African Americans. For instance, African American babies born in Ohio have higher infant mortality rate (14.3 per 1,000) prematurity as a cause of death (4 per 1,000) and neonatal mortality rate (9.2 per 1,000). These are compared to White babies in Ohio with infant mortality rate (5.1 per 1,000), prematurity …

Implementing The Mothers And Babies Program To Reduce Preterm And Low Birth Weight Deliveries, Tan Frison

Theses and Dissertations--Public Health (M.P.H. & Dr.P.H.)

Georgia ranks fourth (4th) in the nation for the highest low birth weight rate at 10%, and sixth (6th) in the nation for preterm birth rate at 11.7%, among the states. Based on statistical data Bulloch county has maintained an average low birth weight statistic of 10% for over a decade. In 2019, there were 107 preterm and 79 low weight births in Bulloch county, Georgia. These numbers confirm there is a need for more preventive resources for mothers and children within this community. To address this burden, the Bulloch County health department has decided to implement the Mothers and …

Neither “Post-War” Nor Post-Pregnancy Paranoia: How America’S War On Drugs Continues To Perpetuate Disparate Incarceration Outcomes For Pregnant, Substance-Involved Offenders, Becca S. Zimmerman

Pitzer Senior Theses

This thesis investigates the unique interactions between pregnancy, substance involvement, and race as they relate to the War on Drugs and the hyper-incarceration of women. Using ordinary least square regression analyses and data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics’ 2016 Survey of Prison Inmates, I examine if (and how) pregnancy status, drug use, race, and their interactions influence two length of incarceration outcomes: sentence length and amount of time spent in jail between arrest and imprisonment. The results collectively indicate that pregnancy decreases length of incarceration outcomes for those offenders who are not substance-involved but not evenhandedly -- benefitting white …

Psychological Distress And Relationship Satisfaction Among Survivors Of Sexual Violence, Alyssa Campbell

Theses and Dissertations--Family Sciences

The World Health Organization (WHO; 2002) has indicated that sexual violence is a serious public health concern, and both the WHO and the United Nations (UN) have declared that violence against women, in particular, is a profound violation of human rights (UN General Assembly, 1993; WHO, 2017). Although the systemic and negative impact of trauma on family and intimate relationships have been well documented, the empirical literature regarding the effects of adult sexual trauma on relationship satisfaction is less robust. These studies are designed to address this gap and will do so with analyses centered on an understudied population: the …

Building Assets Toolkit: Developing Positive Benchmarks For Adolescent Girls—Asset Cards [Arabic], Judith Bruce, Sarah Engebretsen, Kimberly Glazer

Poverty, Gender, and Youth

[In Arabic] The Building Assets Toolkit is an approach for developing programs for specific segments of girls that will prepare them to better face the challenges of growing up. It will help program managers understand the needs of the girls in their community, engage stakeholders at different levels and with different viewpoints, and build concrete and meaningful programming for adolescent girls.

This document contains the Building Assets Toolkit’s Asset Cards (110), set of Age Cards (age 6 to 20), and Program Planning Worksheet (sample provided). The Age Cards are to be printed out and placed according to the instructions. The …