Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons^™

Homelessness: Causes, Culture And Community Development As A Solution, Kaitlin Philipps

Pell Scholars and Senior Theses

This thesis seeks to explain the reasons that homelessness occurs, and how it is currently being dealt with in public policy. Triggers and predictors of homelessness are explored and it is shown that triggers are almost always compounded, indicating a multitude of factors that lead to homelessness. The culture and community surrounding the homeless lifestyle is seen as playing a significant role in how the individual copes with their homelessness. The norms and values of their culture are investigated and its role in rehabilitation is explored. Current institutions for helping the homeless are analyzed for different success rates. Additionally, initiatives …

Electrocardiogram-Based Machine Learning Emulator Model For Predicting Novel Echocardiography-Derived Phenogroups For Cardiac Risk-Stratification: A Prospective Multicenter Cohort Study, Brijesh Patel, Sameer Raina, Peter Farjo, Srinidhi Sunkara, Márton Tokodi, Nobuyuki Kagiyama, Grace Casaclang-Verzosa, Partho Sengupta, Heenaben Patel, Naveena Yanamala

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Electrocardiography (ECG)-derived machine learning models can predict echocardiography (echo)-derived indices of systolic or diastolic function. However, systolic and diastolic dysfunction frequently coexists, which necessitates an integrated assessment for optimal risk-stratification. We explored an ECG-derived model that emulates an echo-derived model that combines multiple parameters for identifying patient phenogroups at risk for major adverse cardiac events (MACE).

Methods: In this substudy of a prospective, multicenter study, patients from 3 institutions (n = 727) formed an internal cohort, and the fourth institution was reserved as an external test set (n = 518). A previously validated patient similarity analysis model was used …

Analisis Biaya Standar Pelayanan Minimal (Spm) Kesehatan Menggunakan Aplikasi Siscobikes Di Tingkat Kabupaten/Kota Di Indonesia, Purwa Sucahya, Resi Turnip, Lemi Kurniawan, Bondan Adhi, Iwan Supriyadi, Ni’Matun Nurlaela

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

This research investigates the capacity of the Siscobikes (Health Costing System) application to forecast the financial requirements for the execution of Minimum Service Standards (SPM) within Indonesia’s health sector at the district and city levels.. The study utilized cross-sectional data from 166 districts/cities to ascertain the projected health financing requirements and juxtaposed these estimates with the actual budgetary allocations. The results show that each district/city requires approximately IDR 16 billion annually for SPM. Districts require around IDR 17 billion annually, while cities require approximately IDR 13 billion. Substantial regional disparities are observed: Eastern Indonesia has the highest per capita needs …

Balancing Public Health Against Individual Liberty: The Ethics Of Smoking Regulations, Thaddeus Pope

Faculty Scholarship

Ten years ago, philosopher Robert E. Goodin published "No Smoking: The Ethical Issues." Goodin argued that the liberty of smokers can be justifiably limited for two reasons: to prevent harm to third persons and to prevent harm to smokers themselves under circumstances which make their decision to smoke substantially non-autonomous. In this article Thaddeus Pope reexamines the harm principle and the soft paternalism principle in light of more recent legal developments, gives them additional content, and carefully demarcates the justificatory scope of each. Pope also defines and defends a third liberty-limiting principle, hard paternalism, arguing that the liberty of smokers …

Validity And Reliability Of The Indonesian Version Of Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (Enss) As A Job-Stress Assessment Tool For Nurses, Herqutanto ., Aria Kekalih, Suryo Wibowo, Astrid Sulistomo, Hasto Harsono

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

ABSTRACT

Background: Job stress is a serious health problem in the 21st century because of its high incidence and impact. Nurses are known as a profession that has high risks of stress, has distinctive characteristics, and hence requires a work stress assessment instrument that suits its peculiarities. The Expanded Nursing Stress Scale (ENSS) is a nurse-specific stress assessment instrument that has high validity and reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.96) and is widely used in many countries but is not yet available in Indonesian. This study aims to obtain the Indonesian version of ENSS and evaluate its reliability and validity.

Method: …

Health Literacy On Physical Ttherapy Among Senior Citizens With Physical Disability And Barangay Health Workers, Ryan Dean Sucgang, Kriza Ganotisi

Philippine Journal of Physical Therapy

Introduction. This study was conducted to determine the health literacy on physical therapy (PT) among senior citizens with physical disability and community health workers (CHWs). Specifically, it identified the sociodemographic profile of the CHWs and senior citizens with physical disability, their extent of health literacy on PT as to prose, document and numeracy and how health policies, availability of PT programs, and available equipment and facilities for the rendition of PT services affect their health literacy.

Methods. This study employed a descriptive research design. The respondents of the study involved 18 CHWs and 29 senior citizens. It was conducted in …

Governmental Public Health: An Overview Of State And Local Public Health Agencies

National Health Policy Forum

The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act significantly expands federal support for community prevention and public health. This paper describes the governmental public health infrastructure at both the state and local level in terms of organizational structure, activities, financing, workforce, partnerships, and performance improvement efforts.

Perceptions Of Health Professionals In Ghana On The Role Of The Community In Chronic Disease Management, Jeseseme Omoraun

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The prevalence of chronic disease has been on the rise in various developing countries. This study is an exploratory investigation of the perceptions of health professionals in Kumasi, Ghana on the role of the community in chronic disease management. Using the Chronic Care Model as a framework, the objective of the study was to examine the extent of community-healthcare system in chronic disease management and to explore the barriers to and facilitators of community involvement in chronic disease management. By exploring the availability of community resources that positively contribute to the management of these patients, the study fills an existing …

A Mixed Methods Approach To Food Safety Knowledge, Beliefs And Practices In Hispanic Families With Young Children In Nebraska, Kristen Stenger

Open Access Theses and Dissertations from the College of Education and Human Sciences

This mixed methods study addresses food safety for Hispanic families with young children in Nebraska. A convergent mixed methods design was used, where qualitative and quantitative data were collected in parallel, analyzed separately and then merged in analysis and interpretation. A quantitative food safety knowledge survey (n=90, 52 from focus groups, 38 from piloting the survey), was used to assess the FightBac!™ concepts: Clean, Separate, Cook, Chill, and two additional concepts: foods that increase risk, and groups at increased risk. Qualitative focus groups explored food safety handling beliefs and practices through the lens of the Health Belief Model. Focus groups …

Determinan Perilaku Minum Tablet Tambah Darah Pada Remaja Putri Menurut Health Belief Model: Studi Kualitatif, Irfan Sjamsuddin, Tuti Surtimanah

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan : Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background. In 2018, 48.9% of adolescent girls in Indonesia were diagnosed with anemia. Knowledge about the definition, symptoms, and prevention of anemia, including the correct use of Iron Supplement Tablets (IST), is essential in the prevention of anemia. A deeper understanding of these behaviors is necessary to formulate effective educational messages. The Health Belief Model (HBM) is often used to explore and understand preventive behaviors.

Aim. To explore the determinants and practices of IST consumption among adolescent girls.

Method. This descriptive qualitative study used a phenomenological approach. Participants were selected purposively from adolescent girls. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, …