Vibrotactile 'On Thigh' Alerting System In The Cockpit?,
2011
Wright State University
Vibrotactile 'On Thigh' Alerting System In The Cockpit?, Shira Yosef, Yael Salzer, Tal Oron-Gilad
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
The objective of this research was to examine the utility of a novel placement for a vibrotactile display in the cockpit. This objective was pursued in stages through a number of research phases, here we report on the final phase concerning the benefit of the vibrotactile display in a visually loaded environment. Results support placing a directional alerting vibrotactile display on the thigh of a seated operator.
A Video Prototyping Methodology For Evaluating Novel Interface Concepts In Cockpit Displays,
2011
Wright State University
A Video Prototyping Methodology For Evaluating Novel Interface Concepts In Cockpit Displays, Paul Mckay, Stacey D. Scott, Jonathan M. Histon, Gerard L. Torenvliet
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
Modern cockpit displays contain a multitude of complex information sources. Integrating new interface concepts into an existing cockpit display to produce a high-fidelity prototype suitable for user testing can be extremely time-consuming. Discount prototyping methodologies are needed to enable user testing at earlier stages of the design cycle to ensure appropriate changes occur and high quality interfaces result. Video prototyping can provide a useful step between low-fidelity, static prototypes and higher-fidelity software prototypes. However, existing video prototyping methods are designed to elicit user feedback on design concepts. While user feedback is important to the adoption of aviation interfaces, it is …
Peripherally-Located Virtual Instrument Landing Displays,
2011
Wright State University
Peripherally-Located Virtual Instrument Landing Displays, Nathan Bulkley, Zachary Spielman, Brian P. Dyre
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
We examined how the location and spatial extent of a peripherally-located virtual instrument landing system (ILS) head-up display (HUD) affects landing precision. Our experiment compared three spatial formats of a peripherally-located virtual ILS HUD: a) a large-format display located within rectangular regions defined relative to the center of the HUD, with the lateral flight indicator subtending +/-5 to 62.5° by +/-0 to 16.875° (HxV) and the vertical flight command indicator subtending +/-0 to 45° by +/-6.875 to 16.875° (HxV); b) near-peripheral displays comprised of roughly the inner half of the large format display; and c) far-peripheral displays, comprised of the …
Pilot Certification: Converting A Historical Framework To Digital Data Utilization,
2011
Wright State University
Pilot Certification: Converting A Historical Framework To Digital Data Utilization, Matthew J. Baranowski, Brian G. Dillman
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
Pilot certification relies on a single subjective flight exam to determine competency and safety. Evidence-based evaluation of an airman’s historical flight performance through flight recorder data may offer increased validity and reliability in training and in certification. This study examined commercial pilot students (N=13) training in Cirrus SR-20 aircraft in a collegiate flight training program. Each student’s performance of the steep turns maneuver before, during, and after a flight exam using digital flight recorder data was correlated with each other to examine the validity of single evaluation flight exams. The results indicate that each student’s average historical performance before a …
Trust In Unmanned Aerial Systems: A Synthetic, Distributed Trust Model,
2011
Wright State University
Trust In Unmanned Aerial Systems: A Synthetic, Distributed Trust Model, Kristin E. Oleson, P. A. Hancock, Deborah R. Billings, Christopher D. Schesser
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
An integrated unmanned aerial system (UAS) team is composed of multi-tiered partnerships between at least four distributed entities: the vehicle itself, the vehicle operator(s), the military command team, and the ground team. In this team structure, effective communication, information exchange, and situation awareness within and amongst each entity is critical. While miscommunications can be mitigated through current training strategies and vehicle design, trust plays an important role in these interactions. We have constructed a model of integrated team trust. An extension of this model, directed at distributed trust, is shown to be essential for military teams with integrated UAS. Consequently, …
Solution Space-Based Complexity Analysis For Context Aware Automation,
2011
Wright State University
Solution Space-Based Complexity Analysis For Context Aware Automation, J. Comans, C. Borst, M.M. Van Paassen, M. Mulder
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
Despite the huge advances in aviation automation and avionics over the last decades, the f ight deck is sometimes still unaware of the ‘bigger picture’. Current automation is not yet able to understand the intentions of the pilots or the intricacies of the environment it is operating in. When we want to increase the level of automation support, automation systems will need more context awareness. This paper will only focus on a small subset of the operational context, namely the complexity induced by surrounding traff c. To capture the constraints imposed by the surrounding traff c, we use a tool …
The Relationship Of Age, Experience And Cognitive Health To Private Pilot Situation Awareness Performance,
2011
Wright State University
The Relationship Of Age, Experience And Cognitive Health To Private Pilot Situation Awareness Performance, Kathleen Van Benthem, Chris M. Herdman, Matthew Brown, Anne Barr
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
While cockpit navigational aids might assist general aviation pilots with awareness of terrain, aircraft and weather, the ability to maintain accurate and comprehensive cognitive representations of the aviation environment remains a critical cognitive aviation task. The present research reports on the relationship of age, pilot experience and cognitive health to situation awareness scores for 27 licensed private pilots in a simulated flight protocol. ANOVA and linear regression analyses revealed that age, recent pilot-in-command hours and the cognitive health indices of working memory performance and reaction time (auditory stimuli) were uniquely associated with three levels of pilots’ situation awareness scores. Implications …
Data Mining Techniques To Derive Human And System Performance Measures Of Air Traffic Control From Operational Data,
2011
Wright State University
Data Mining Techniques To Derive Human And System Performance Measures Of Air Traffic Control From Operational Data, Esa Rantanen, Ernest Fokoue
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
The capabilities of the envisioned performance management services of the NextGen may offer means for testing of measures of human performance derived from operational data and allow for longitudinal studies on the effects of operational NextGen on human operators. Time-based metrics offer an attractive solution to measurement challenges of the NextGen, given the dynamic nature of the system, its dependence on severe time constraints, and the role of time in critical aspects of human performance, mainly workload and situation awareness. Due to potentially very high number of variables and complexity of the underlying data structure that render standard statistical techniques …
Application Of Communication Grounding Framework To Assess Effectiveness Of Human-Automation Interface Design: A Tcas Case Study,
2011
Wright State University
Application Of Communication Grounding Framework To Assess Effectiveness Of Human-Automation Interface Design: A Tcas Case Study, Doug Glussich, Jonathan M. Histon, Stacey D. Scott
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
The role of the human operator in automation augmented domains has shifted from primary decision-maker to collaborative partner, where the human often has to understand and manage state changes that result from the automation itself. Due to the challenges of these progressively complex states, there is increasing demand for automation systems that provide effective humanautomation interfaces that keep the human more “in-the-loop”. Effective human-automation interaction in this situation is akin to effective human-human communication: an effective conversation occurs when people use commonly understood verbal and non-verbal mechanisms that lead to shared understanding, or common ground. In this paper, we demonstrate …
Flight Instructors And Pilot Examiners Perceptions Of Older And Younger Pilot Competency And Safety Concerns,
2011
Wright State University
Flight Instructors And Pilot Examiners Perceptions Of Older And Younger Pilot Competency And Safety Concerns, Kathleen Van Benthem, Chris M. Herdman, Simon Garrett
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
A national online survey was developed to examine differences in competency issues between younger and older pilot groups as perceived by flight instructors and pilot examiners. With their expertise in pilot competencies and a broad age-range of clientele, flight instructors and pilot examiners were considered a rich source of untapped data. Results indicated that respondents were more likely to identify decision-making and problem solving as a concern for younger pilots. Error recognition and procedural knowledge were more likely to be highlighted as concerns for older pilots. In addition, physical ability to fly the aircraft during training and currency review was …
Designated Pilot Examiner’S Perception Of Private Pilot Certification In General Aviation Advanced Technology Cockpits,
2011
Wright State University
Designated Pilot Examiner’S Perception Of Private Pilot Certification In General Aviation Advanced Technology Cockpits, Michael Friday, Frederick D. Hansen Ph.D.
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
All aircraft require some degree of instrumentation. With the explosion of computer and flat panel display technology, the “glass cockpit” has entered aviation. In the past, pilots transitioned into the new technology after years of flight experience. These pilots already understood: the regulations, principals of flight, navigation, and the performance characteristics of their aircraft. The new glass equipped cockpits are now entering the environment of primary flight training where pilots are still learning the basics. Additionally, there is no structured or generally accepted methodology for training in advanced cockpits. The FAA has not established specific new guidelines for pilot-in-command for …
Cognitive Modeling As A Tool For Improving Runway Safety,
2011
Wright State University
Cognitive Modeling As A Tool For Improving Runway Safety, Michael J. Schoelles, Wayne D. Gray
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
Runway incursions are low probability events resulting from complex combinations of cognitive and environmental factors, which can have deadly consequences. However, the development and evaluation of tools to reduce runway incursions are, ironically, hampered by the low incidence of such events. A possible path forward is the use of high-fidelity cognitive models to predict pilot performance under a wide variety of airport conditions and runway circumstances. We describe a fully embodied ACT-R 6.0 cognitive model, named SimPilot, of a pilot taxiing a simulated Boeing 737-800 aircraft. The goals of SimPilot are twofold. The first is automated testing of a new …
A Cognitive Model Of The Control Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles,
2011
Wright State University
A Cognitive Model Of The Control Of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Dr. Chris Wickens, Tim Bagnall, Mala Gosakan, Brett Walters
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
We describe a workload model of a single pilot unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) control, which can provide the basis for extension to multiple UAV control and supervision. The model predicts multi-task capabilities based upon the multiple-resource model of human time sharing. Elements of the model are described related to task demand, resource conflict, and resource allocation (task priority). We then demonstrate its applicability to predicting pilot performance in the MQ-1 Predator, describing the “workload spikes” during a typical mission, and demonstrating ways in which high workload can be mitigated.
A Dissonance Theory Explanation For Visual Flight Rules (Vfr) Into Instrument Meteorological Conditions (Imc) Accidents,
2011
Wright State University
A Dissonance Theory Explanation For Visual Flight Rules (Vfr) Into Instrument Meteorological Conditions (Imc) Accidents, Steve Henderson
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
In the U.S. in 2008, accidents resulting from VFR flight into IMC accounted for 2% of all general aviation (GA) accidents, but 8% of all fatal GA accidents. Furthermore, 88% of VFR into IMC accidents were fatal, compared to 17% of other aviation accidents. Dissonance theory is a model of attitude change associated with making difficult choices. Attitude change reduces cognitive dissonance arising from favourable aspects of a not-chosen alternative and unfavourable aspects of a chosen alternative, through spreading of alternatives. Under dissonance theory, pilots in marginal weather who repeatedly revisit their choice to either continue their flight or divert …
Characterizing Pilots’ Interactions With The Aircraft Collision Avoidance System,
2011
Wright State University
Characterizing Pilots’ Interactions With The Aircraft Collision Avoidance System, Alexandra E. Coso, Elizabeth S. Fleming, Dr. Amy R. Pritchett
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
Collision avoidance on large transport aircraft involves many components: Air Traffic Control (ATC), the pilot, and the Traffic alert and Collision Avoidance System (TCAS). This research explores pilots’ interactions with ATC, the environment, and TCAS. Collision avoidance reports from NASA’s Aviation Safety Reporting System (ASRS) were used to examine the encounter conditions surrounding collision avoidance incidents, including airspace, environment, and type of aircraft involved as well as pilot perceptions of the event. A coding scheme, developed in the early stages of this research, captured details regarding the traffic encounter, the role that ATC and TCAS played within the encounter, and …
Human Factors Investigation Methodology,
2011
Wright State University
Human Factors Investigation Methodology, Sarah Harris
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
There are many tools for assessing the Human Factors (HF) of accidents. Although these tools can aid the classification of factors in military accidents, they do not completely support the military investigation process. The RAF has therefore adapted the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) to develop a new Human Factors Investigation Methodology. This methodology combines some of the HFACS categories with the military operational process, providing a timeline to plot when accident factors may have emerged and a source framework to plot whether the factor emerged at the organisation, supervisory, task, equipment, environment or operator level. The benefit …
Identification Of Air Traffic Control Sectors With Common Structural Features,
2011
Wright State University
Identification Of Air Traffic Control Sectors With Common Structural Features, Annie Cho, Jonathan Histon, Emilio Alverne Falcão De Albuquerque Filho, R. John Hansman
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
In order to identify sectors supporting a minimum differences approach to generic airspace, traffic patterns in 360 high-altitude sectors were examined for common structural features. These structural features are used as the basis for two approaches to classifying current air traffic control sectors into groups which are expected to be similar to each other, and hence a basis for near-term deployment of generic airspace. The first classification approach is a holistic approach, based on emergent sector-wide traffic patterns in order to identify groups of sectors with shared structural features. The second, a decompositional classification approach, proposes using basic structural features …
Collegiate Aviation Safety Reporting Systems,
2011
Wright State University
Collegiate Aviation Safety Reporting Systems, Beth M. Beaudin-Seiler Mpa
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
The Federal Aviation Administration has paid close attention to the safety reporting systems of the airline industry over the last thirty years. The Aviation Safety Action Programs, housed at NASA, allow pilots and crews to report safety issues into a central database that tracks these reports and provides valuable knowledge to the industry on safety related issues. However extrapolating information that is pertinent to general aviation from these reports, specifically collegiate aviation, is difficult. One of the barriers to data collection is having a commonly understood language among reporters in order to ensure accurate information is reported. The goals of …
Perceptions Of A Flight Operations Quality Assurance Programs In A Collegiate Environment,
2011
Wright State University
Perceptions Of A Flight Operations Quality Assurance Programs In A Collegiate Environment, Brian G. Dillman, Lauren M. Vala, Erin E. Bowen, Michael S. Nolan
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
The use of Flight Operations Quality Assurance (FOQA) programs has become more feasible for flight training in small single-engine aircraft. What has still to be determined is the total impact on pilot training quality through the utilization of digital data recording systems. With the introduction of FOQA, the standard instructor now has the capability to determine flight skills and abilities through digital data collection, and the effects on pilots’ perceptions needs to be identified. It is suspected that pilot’s awareness of FOQA data collection occurring during flight will have a similar effect on their performance. Survey analysis of student perceptions …
Using Microsoft Flight Simulator In The Classroom To Improve Student Pilot Aeronautical Decision-Making Skills,
2011
Wright State University
Using Microsoft Flight Simulator In The Classroom To Improve Student Pilot Aeronautical Decision-Making Skills, Wendy Beckman
International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011
In the Aerospace Department at Middle Tennessee State University, Microsoft Flight Simulator (MFS) has been utilized in the classroom for several semesters in an effort to develop student aeronautical decision-making (ADM) skills. This software is used to create realistic scenarios which are experienced in class. Two Private Pilot ground school classes were evaluated to determine if experiencing these MFS scenarios had an impact on student development of ADM skills. At the beginning of the semester, each student completed a baseline evaluation of their ADM skills. One class was taught incorporating MFS scenario-based training, while the other class discussed the same …
