Other Psychiatry and Psychology Commons^™

Explaining The Longitudinal Association Between Puberty And Depression: Sex Differences In The Mediating Effects Of Peer Stress, Colleen S. Conley, Karen D. Rudolph, Fred B. Bryant

Psychology: Faculty Publications and Other Works

This research investigated whether exposure to peer stress serves as one pathway through which pubertal development contributes to depression over time, differentially for girls and boys. Youth (N = 149; 9.6–14.8 years) and their caregivers provided information at two waves, 1 year apart, on puberty (Wave 1), peer stress (occurring between Waves 1 and 2), and depression (Waves 1 and 2). Structural equation modeling analyses examined sex differences in the extent to which peer stress mediated the impact of pubertal status and timing on subsequent depression (i.e., tests of moderated mediation). Significant sex-moderated mediation was found for both pubertal status …

Hospital Loneliness And The Patient-Physician Relationship: A Preliminary Analysis Of Associations With Recovery In Bone Marrow Transplant Patients, Lindsay E. Balfour

UNF Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of the present study was to examine general loneliness, hospital loneliness, and the patient-physician relationship in regards to their associations with Bone Marrow Transplant (BMT) recovery outcome variables (days until engraftment and quality of life). Fifteen (66.7% female, 33.3% male; 93.3% white, 6.7% Black/African American; average age 61.73) individuals who had an allogeneic or autologous BMT at The Mayo Clinic of Jacksonville completed the FACT-BMT, UCLA-Loneliness Scale Version 3, the CARE Measure, and provided disease and treatment information at the 6 month posttransplant date (+/- 30 days). Patients recovering from BMT indicated significantly higher scores of hospital loneliness …

Conscientiousness As A Moderator Of The Relationship Between Work Autonomy And Job Satisfaction, Kyle Garret Mack

Dissertations and Theses

Autonomy is one of the most commonly studied job characteristics in the work design literature and is commonly associated with large and positive effects on job satisfaction. There is reason to believe that autonomy may interact with personality characteristics to affect attitudinal outcomes, but prior research has tended to focus on the original growth-need-strength construct as a potential moderator with mixed results. One glaring gap in the literature is the lack of research that examines the Big Five constructs of personality as a potential class of moderators. Grant, Fried, and Juillerat (2010) have suggested additional research into the Big Five …

Euthanasia, The Ethics Of Patient Care And The Language Of Propaganda, Elizabeth Maria Krapf

Dissertations and Theses

This thesis is an examination of euthanasia, eugenics, the ethic of patient care, and linguistic propaganda in the Second World War. The examination of euthanasia discusses not only the history and involvement of the facility at Hadamar in Germany, but also discuss the current euthanasia debate. Euthanasia in World War II arose out of the Nazi desire to cleanse the Reich and was greatly influenced by the American eugenics movement of the early 20th century. Eugenics was built up to include anyone considered undesirable and unworthy of life and killed many thousands of people before the invasion of allied troops …

The Design Of A Psychiatric Residential Treatment Facility In Wheelwright, Kentucky Serving Adolescent Males, Jenna Clem

Kaleidoscope

During the spring semester of 2010, I have been working on the design of a psychiatric residential treatment facility in Wheelwright, Kentucky as part of the requirements for ID 659, Interior Design Graduate Studio. I am a senior, but was allowed permission to enroll in this class because of my interest in research-based design. The facility will offer therapy services in a home environment for seven adolescents between the ages of ten and seventeen. This paper describes the process that I followed throughout the design process and the specific issues that were addressed in the final solution. The design process …

Towards A New Paradigm Of Non-Captive Research On Cetacean Cognition, Lori Marino, Toni Frohoff

Experimentation Collection

Contemporary knowledge of impressive neurophysiology and behavior in cetaceans, combined with increasing opportunities for studying free-ranging cetaceans who initiate sociable interaction with humans, are converging to highlight serious ethical considerations and emerging opportunities for a new era of progressive and less-invasive cetacean research. Most research on cetacean cognition has taken place in controlled captive settings, e.g., research labs, marine parks. While these environments afford a certain amount of experimental rigor and logistical control they are fraught with limitations in external validity, impose tremendous stress on the part of the captive animals, and place burdens on populations from which they are …

Initial Mlu Predicts The Relative Efficacy Of Two Grammatical Treatments In Preschoolers With Specific Language Impairments, Paul J. Yoder, Dennis L. Molfese, Elizabeth Gardner

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Purpose—We sought to confirm predictions based on past findings that pre-treatment mean length of utterance (MLU) would predict which of two grammatical treatments would best facilitate generalized and maintained grammatical development in preschoolers with specific language impairment (SLI).

Method—The participants were 57 preschoolers with specific language impairment (SLI). A randomized group experiment was used. The two grammatical treatments were Broad Target Recasts (BTR) and Milieu Language Teaching (MLT). MLU was assessed at Time 1 in two conversational language samples. Growth rate of productive grammar was quantified using growth curve modeling on the Index of Productive Syntax (IPSyn) from …

Interictal Magnetoencephalographic Findings Related With Surgical Outcomes In Lesional And Nonlesional Neocortical Epilepsy, Rui Zhang, Ting Wu, Yingying Wang, Hongyi Liu, Yuanjie Zou, Wen Liu, Jing Xiang, Chaoyong Xiao, Lu Yang, Zhen Fu

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Purpose: To investigate whether interictal magnetoencephalography (MEG) concordant with other techniques can predict surgical outcome in patients with lesional and nonlesional refractory neocortical epilepsy (NE).

Methods: 23 Patients with lesional NE and 20 patients with nonlesional NE were studied. MEG was recorded for all patients with a 275 channel whole-head system. Synthetic aperture magnetometry (SAM) with excess kurtosis (g2) and conventional Equivalent Current Dipole (ECD) were used for MEG data analysis. 27 Patients underwent long-term extraoperative intracranial video electroencephalography (iVEEG) monitoring. Surgical outcomes were assessed based on more than 1-year of post-surgical follow-up using Engel classification system.

Results: As we …

Neuromagnetic Measures Of Word Processing In Bilinguals And Monolinguals, Yingying Wang, Jing Xiang, Jennifer Vannest, Tom Holroyd, Daria Narmoneva, Paul Horn, Yinhong Liu, Douglas Rose, Ton Degrauw, Scott Holland

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Objective: This study aimed to use magnetoencephalography (MEG) to examine the question of whether Mandarin-English bilingual speakers recruit the same cortical areas or develop distinct language-specific networks without overlaps for word processing.

Methods: Eight healthy Mandarin-English bilingual adults and eight healthy English monolingual adults were scanned while single-word paradigms were audio-visually presented.

Results: Our results showed significantly stronger beta-band power suppression in the right inferior parietal lobe (IPL) covering the supramarginal gyrus (BA 40) and angular gyrus (BA 39) for bilinguals when processing Mandarin versus English. Moreover, there were no significant differences between bilinguals and monolinguals in the left inferior …

Sleep Assessments In Healthy School-Aged Children Using Actigraphy: Concordance With Polysomnography, Karen Spruyt, David Gozal, Ehab Dayyat, Adrienne Roman, Dennis L. Molfese

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

Actigraphic recordings (ACT) are widely used in school children as a less intrusive and more extended approach to evaluation of sleep problems. However, critical assessment of the validity and reliability of ACT against overnight polysomnography (NPSG) are unavailable. Thus, we explored the degree of concordance between NPSG and ACT in school-aged children to delineate potential ACT boundaries when interpreting pediatric sleep. Non-dominant wrist ACT was simultaneously recorded with NPSG in 149 healthy school-aged children (4.1 to 8.8 years old, 41.7% boys and 80.4% Caucasian) recruited from the community. Analyses were limited to the Actiware (MiniMitter-64) calculated parameters originating from 1-min …

Sleep Duration, Sleep Regularity, Body Weight, And Metabolic Homeostasis In School-Aged Children, Karen Spruyt, Dennis L. Molfese, David Gozal

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: The goal was to explore the effects of duration and regularity of sleep schedules on BMI and the impact on metabolic regulation in children.

METHODS: Sleep patterns of 308 community-recruited children 4 to 10 years of age were assessed with wrist actigraphs for 1 week in a cross-sectional study, along with BMI assessment. Fasting morning plasma levels of glucose, insulin, lipids, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein also were measured for a subsample.

RESULTS: Children slept 8 hours per night, on average, regardless of their weight categorization. A nonlinear trend between sleep and weight emerged. For obese children, …

The Effects Of A Net‐Centric Communication Tool On Communication Monitoring And Threat Detection, Kelly Satterfield, Victor Finomore, Courtney Castle

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

Command and Control (C2) operators rely heavily on radio and chat communication as well as tactical displays to efficiently plan, direct, coordinate, and control assets. The integration of information for the C2 operator is critical for mission success. This environment, which is communication intensive, imposes a high degree of workload on operators thus resulting in failures of detection or comprehension of critical messages. Multi‐Modal Communication (MMC) is a net‐centric communication management suite with advanced tools to better equip the warfighter in managing their communication. This study examined performance associated with monitoring communication channels, while also monitoring a dynamic tactical visual …

Occurrence Human Factors Analysis Model (Ohfam), Luo Min, Rong Mei, Li Jing

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

In order to enhance the classification, analysis and utilization of safety information, China civil aviation develops a more suitable model named “Occurrence Human Factors Analysis Model(OHFAM)” ,which based on the “Human Factors Analysis and Classification System” (HFACS) and the actual operation conditions and characteristics of China civil aviation. This model consists of five layers and especially adds the layer of “Government Supervision” which reflects the deficiency of regulatory authorities in Safety Supervision. On the basis of safety information analysis and extensive research, OHFAM considers safety culture and operational characteristics of China civil aviation, and offers five layers in details from …

Digital Taxi Clearances In Airport Traffic Control Towers – Interface Design And Results From A High-Fidelity Simulation Experiment, Todd R. Truitt Ph.D.

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

The experiment examined the effects of Digital taxi (D-Taxi) clearances when either 40% or 75% of the departure aircraft were data link equipped and compared these conditions to voice-only operations. Sixteen Airport Traffic Control Tower controllers used the Tower Operations Digital Data System at the ground control and local control positions to control airport traffic with a 270- degree simulated out-the-window view. The controllers worked at each position in each experimental condition, provided ratings of subjective workload, and responded to questionnaires. D-Taxi clearances for departure aircraft reduced voice communication between pilots and the ground controller when 75% of the aircraft …

Assessing Crewworkload On An Instrument Meteorological Approach Into A Nonradar Airport, Marilyn French-St. George Ph.D.

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

European Air Traffic Management Program (CARE, 2003) recommendations for a 3- phased approach to workload assessment provided Transportation Safety Board investigators insight into how operating conditions for approaches into a non-radar airport under instrument meteorological conditions impact crew workload. It was possible to develop and use secondary task questions for three of four cognitive task domains. Qualitative assessment of verbal responses illustrated how crews use verbal information to support mental models. A trend towards longer response times for the cognitively more demanding questions supported the hypothesis that maintaining situational awareness of flight status within the approach sequence is cognitively more …

Human Factors Issues Of Navigation Reference System Waypoints, Shawn Pruchnicki, Bonny Christopher

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

As part of the Next Generation Air Transportation System initiative the Navigation Reference System waypoint grid was developed to realize additional benefits of area navigation. Despite industry and government involvement in the original design of the grid, it has been met by operators and air traffic controllers with limited enthusiasm. The FAA is sponsoring research to identify human factors issues that might explain this lack of usage and the development of mitigations or recommendations for those issues discovered. In this paper, we will discuss our initial examination of the Navigation Reference System and review potential recommendations to several areas for …

Human Performance Training: Successes And Failures In Civil Aviation, Alan E. Diehl Ph.D.

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

For over twenty years, two similar types of training have attempted to reduce aviator caused accidents. Crew Resource Management was widely adopted by U.S. airlines, and has generally been credited with helping to dramatically reduce their accident rates. Interestingly, CRM was embraced with little scientific evidence that it could actually reduce operational errors. In contrast, Aeronautical Decision Making, aimed at general aviation users, underwent a series of double-blind experiments before being adopted. And, although some users suggested ADM training significantly reduced their accidents, it was never fully implemented. This may explain the limited improvement in general aviation accident rates, when …

A Preliminary Analysis Of Aeronautical Services In Air Navigation Activity, Lisia Maria Espinola Da Silva Pacheco Cabral, Igor Costa, Luciana Da Costa Leal, Dulce Maria Saint Pastous Madureira, Stael Prata Mendes, Edméia Moreira, Cristina Juliet De Jesus Reuter, Silvyanne Di Paula Santos Leão, Allan Tavares

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

DECEA - Air Space Control Department regulates Air Navigation activity in Brazil and authorizes military and civilian organizations to provide aeronautical services. This article presents a preliminary analysis of brazilian Air Navigation activity involving the following aeronautical services provided by a civilian organization: Air Traffic Control, Management and Telecommunication; Aeronautical Meteorology; and Aeronautical Information. This analysis is based on civilian psychologists´ professional practice and has the main purpose to subsidize Human Factors preventive approaches and studies to contribute to more proactive and predictive safety interventions; improvements on organizational safety culture, workers´ performance and interfaces (BRASIL, 2010a; ABERGO, 2010).

Mishap Reduction Training For C-130j Crews, Robert Nullmeyer, Alan Spiker, Greg Deen

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

The C-130J is an advanced automation aircraft flown with a smaller crew than its tactical airlift predecessors. It is seeing increased action in theater. The Air Mobility Command sponsored a multi-prong project to improve C-130J aircrew training for operations in high threat environments: (1) analyze C-130J and related platform (C-130 E/H, C-17) mishap reports, (2) survey C-130J crew real world experiences regarding threats to safety, and (3) observe C-130J crews as they plan and execute a challenging, tactically relevant simulator scenario. The Air Force C-130J safety record is enviable—no crew-caused Class A mishaps and low rates across all mishap categories …

Better-Than-Visual Technologies For Next Generation Air Transportation System Terminal Maneuvering Area Operations, Lawrence J. Prinzel Iii, Randall E. Bailey, Kevin J. Shelton, Denise R. Jones, Lynda J. Kramer, Jarvis J. Arthur Iii, Steve P. Williams, Bryan E. Barmore, Kyle E. Ellis, Sherri A. Rehfeld

International Symposium on Aviation Psychology - 2011

A consortium of industry, academia and government agencies are devising new concepts for future U.S. aviation operations under the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen). Many key capabilities are being identified to enable NextGen, including the concept of Equivalent Visual Operations (EVO) – replicating the capacity and safety of today’s visual flight rules (VFR) in all-weather conditions. NASA is striving to develop the technologies and knowledge to enable EVO and to extend EVO towards a “Better-Than-Visual” (BTV) operational concept. The BTV operational concept uses an electronic means to provide sufficient visual references of the external world and other required flight …