Bone Turnover Markers Responses To Acute Resistance Exercise In Postmenopausal Women,
2022
California State University, San Bernardino
Bone Turnover Markers Responses To Acute Resistance Exercise In Postmenopausal Women, Auguste Torres, Maurice Cruz, Carolina Garcia, Braulio Cazarez, Zhaojing Chen
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Bone loss increases with aging and elderly women are at the highest risk of osteoporosis and fractures due to menopause. Resistance exercise has been shown the most effective way to strengthen the skeletal system (Kohrt et al. 2004). Bone Turnover Markers (BTM) are enzymes or metabolic byproduct that are released to the blood during bone formation and bone resorption, which reflects the dynamic changes of bone metabolism (Vasikaran et al. 2011). PURPOSE: To examine the bone turnover marker responses to an acute bout of resistance exercise in postmenopausal women. METHODS: Nineteen female participants aged 50 to 77 years old completed …
Percussive Massage Increases Capillary Density In Type I And Ii Skeletal Muscle Fibers,
2022
Brigham Young University
Percussive Massage Increases Capillary Density In Type I And Ii Skeletal Muscle Fibers, Thane Thomas, Mohadeseh Ahmadi, Robert D. Hyldahl
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Capillaries play a critical role in delivering oxygen and nutrients to cells. Skeletal muscle adapts to increased demand by increasing capillary density through a process known as angiogenesis. The effects of alternative therapies such as massage on angiogenic adaptation in skeletal muscle are inconclusive, particularly for newer techniques such as percussive massage. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of 6 weeks of percussive massage on skeletal muscle myofiber area and angiogenesis. METHODS: 11 healthy young (22±4 yr.) men (n=5) and women (n=6) received 18 sessions of 30-min-percussive massage on their right thigh over the course of 6 weeks. Muscle samples were …
Effect Of Maternal Exercise On Adverse Cardio-Pulmonary Responses In Offspring Exposed To Post-Natal Chronic Hypoxia,
2022
University of New Mexico
Effect Of Maternal Exercise On Adverse Cardio-Pulmonary Responses In Offspring Exposed To Post-Natal Chronic Hypoxia, Jonathan Specht, Eric Leslie, Rebekah Gridley, Vincent Luna, Zachary Mckenna, David Jones, Benjamin Lantz, Mika Moriwaki, Laura Gonzales Bosc, Ann Gibson, Christine Mermier, Sean Wilson, Michael Deyhle
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Emerging evidence shows exercise by women throughout pregnancy (i.e., maternal exercise) endows the offspring with positive health benefits and resistance to many diseases later in life. PURPOSE: To determine if maternal exercise reduces unfavorable cardiopulmonary development and improves exercise capacity in offspring after chronic hypoxic exposure throughout early life. METHODS: Female adult C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: high altitude, sedentary (HS), high altitude, active (HE), or the respective, low-altitude conditions (LS or LE). Pregnant females in the exercise groups performed voluntary wheel running during mating and the perinatal period (about 4 weeks). …
The Effects Of Resistance Training And Protein Supplementation On Bone Mineral Density In Untrained Women,
2022
University of New Mexico
The Effects Of Resistance Training And Protein Supplementation On Bone Mineral Density In Untrained Women, Jessica Smith
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Peak bone mass has been found to plateau at approximately 30 years of age; therefore, is it important to develop a higher peak bone mass early in life. Resistance exercise has been shown to improve bone mineral density (BMD) based on a great enough strain and mechanical load to promote bone formation. Resistance exercise is known to stimulate muscle protein synthesis, which can thereby raise individual protein needs above the recommended daily allowance (RDA). Resistance training (RT) combined with a protein intake above the RDA (> 0.8 g/kg/day) may be superior in promoting greater changes in BMD compared to RT …
Body Composition And Performance Associations With Common Carotid Artery Hemodynamics And Stiffness Indices In Males And Females,
2022
California Lutheran University
Body Composition And Performance Associations With Common Carotid Artery Hemodynamics And Stiffness Indices In Males And Females, Lavleen Sandhu, Zaria Opara, Michael Diaz, Gabriel Hernandez, Octavia Gosnell, Louise Kelly Phd, Allan Knox Phd, Jie Liu Phd
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Sex differences in physiological parameters are being increasingly recognized as a robust prognostic factor in individuals at risk or suffering from cardiovascular disease. Body composition and physical performance measures of cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength are strongly associated with overall vascular health. PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine if body composition and physical performance measures were related to common carotid artery (CCA) hemodynamics and stiffness in males and females. METHODS: College-aged males and females who were free from cardiovascular risk factors performed a maximal oxygen consumption test (VO2max) via indirect calorimetry and a maximal leg strength …
The Effect Of Gripping Handles During Isokinetic Strength Tests At Various Speeds On Torque Production In Knee Flexion And Extension,
2022
Sonoma State University
The Effect Of Gripping Handles During Isokinetic Strength Tests At Various Speeds On Torque Production In Knee Flexion And Extension, Mikayla Rudis, Lukas Krumpl, Nickolai Martonick, Youngmin Chun
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Although the effect of gripping handles on concentric torque of knee extension/flexion has been examined, it is still needed to investigate how gripping handles affect torque production in different types of muscle contractions at various speeds. PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of gripping handles of an isokinetic dynamometer on knee extension/flexion torque during isokinetic tests at various speeds. METHODS: Fourteen healthy and active individuals were recruited for this study (10 females: Ht= 1.66 ± 0.06 m, BM= 69.52 ± 16.86 kg, Age=21.60 ± 1.17 yrs; 4 males: Ht = 1.81 ± 0.13 m, BM = 89.90 ± 23.92 kg, Age …
Predicting Maximal Oxygen Uptake Using The 3-Minute All-Out Test In High-Intensity Functional Training Athletes,
2022
Cal Poly Pomona
Predicting Maximal Oxygen Uptake Using The 3-Minute All-Out Test In High-Intensity Functional Training Athletes, Holli Rosas, Joshua Dexheimer, Shane J. Brinson, Robert W. Pettitt, Todd Schroeder, Brandon J. Sawyer, Edward Jo
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and critical speed (CS) are key fatigue-related measurements that demonstrate a relationship to one another and are indicative of athletic endurance performance. This is especially true for those that participate in competitive fitness events. However, the accessibility to a metabolic analyzer to accurately measure VO2max is expensive and time intensive, whereas CS may be measured in the field using a 3 minute all-out test (3MT). PURPOSE: Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between VO2max and CS in high-intensity functional training (HIFT) athletes. METHODS: Twenty-five male and …
Dietary Fiber Intake Predicts 10-Yr Weight Change In 7,804 U.S. Adults,
2022
Brigham Young University, Provo
Dietary Fiber Intake Predicts 10-Yr Weight Change In 7,804 U.S. Adults, Emma Robinson, Larry A. Tucker
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Although the relationship between dietary fiber intake and obesity has been examined many times, studies evaluating the association between fiber consumption and long-term weight gain are rare. This is unfortunate because it is weight gain over time that drives the development of obesity. PURPOSE: This study was conducted to determine the relationship between dietary fiber intake and weight change over a 10-yr period in 7,804 U.S. men and women, 36-70 years old. METHODS: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used to answer the research question. Because subjects were randomly selected, the results are generalizable to …
Massage Gun Use At A Lower Frequency Does Not Alter Blood Flow,
2022
Brigham Young University
Massage Gun Use At A Lower Frequency Does Not Alter Blood Flow, Robert Richardson, Alyssa C. Mecate, Devin Needs, Anthony S. Peterson, Tanner D. Adams, Ray M. Merrill, J. Brent Feland
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Data has shown that whole body vibration can affect blood flow velocity in arteries and improves cutaneous blood flow. However, there is very limited information available on therapeutic localized vibration. Massage guns have become very popular with little to no research validating their efficacy. It is currently unknown if massages guns can affect arterial blood flow. PURPOSE: To determine if massage gun treatment at 30Hz improves and retains blood flow in the popliteal artery as compared to a control condition. METHODS: There were 12 participants in this study (8 males and 4 females). The mean age was 22.7±1.6 …
A.R.G! Augmented Reality And Gait: Analyzing The Influence Of Cues On Gait Patterns In Augmented Reality,
2022
California State University, Northridge
A.R.G! Augmented Reality And Gait: Analyzing The Influence Of Cues On Gait Patterns In Augmented Reality, Gwendolyn R. Retzinger, Borna Golbarg, Rabbani R. Nzeza, Wendy T. Pham, Milad Mehrjou, Summer M. Diaz, Jacob W. Hinkel-Lipsker
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Use of Augmented Reality (AR) technology for rehabilitation has drastically increased in recent years. While theoretically AR can be used to cue gait adaptations such as changes to step length and cadence through visual and auditory cues, it is still unknown how people respond to the technology. PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility of external visual and auditory cues delivered through AR on spatiotemporal gait outcomes in a healthy, young population. METHODS: 20 healthy participants between age 18 and 35 were screened and recruited to perform randomized gait trials consisting of four different cueing conditions. The participants wore a Magic Leap …
Effects Of Co-Ingesting Dietary Nitrate And Vitamin C On Nitric Oxide Bioavailability, Blood Pressure, And Cardiovascular Reactivity In Hispanic Females,
2022
Pepperdine University
Effects Of Co-Ingesting Dietary Nitrate And Vitamin C On Nitric Oxide Bioavailability, Blood Pressure, And Cardiovascular Reactivity In Hispanic Females, Joanna Powell, Katherine M. Price, Isabella G. Lincoln, Keonabelle P. Paniagua, Sean T. Karl, Julie Ahn, Noelle G. Seekamp-Hicks, Lauren Wideen, Joshua Park, Rachel Tan
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
High blood pressure is a hallmark of chronic disease and is disproportionately prevalent in ethnic minorities. Dietary nitrate has been shown to lower blood pressure via increased nitric oxide (NO), but few studies have examined if combining nitrate with vitamin C (VITC) could have beneficial synergistic effects on blood pressure by augmenting NO, and limited data exist in females. PURPOSE: To investigate if combining nitrate-rich beetroot juice (BR) with VITC could further augment NO bioavailability and improve blood pressure in Hispanic females compared to BR and VITC ingested alone. METHODS: Eight sedentary Hispanic females participated in four conditions …
Effect Of Trail Running Pack Weight On Lower Extremity Biomechanics,
2022
Utah Valley University
Effect Of Trail Running Pack Weight On Lower Extremity Biomechanics, Lily Poulton, Cheyenne Dabel, Tyson Ngatikaura, Ally Sipple, Chloe Weight, Hayden Smith, Shane Draper, Andrew Creer, Tyler Standifird
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
In the sport of ultrarunning there are a variety of ways runners carry the equipment and nutrition that is required. Many of the faster athletes will be seen with handheld bottles or minimal packs, however the size and weight of packs may vary based on the length of the race, nutritional needs, and pacing. PURPOSE: To date, no research has been conducted to understand what biomechanical adaptions occur with packs of varying weight. METHODS: Kinematic and kinetic data were collected using a 16 camera Vicon Nexus System (Vicon Inc. Denver, CO) and the Bertec instrumented treadmill (Bertec, Inc., …
Action Observation: Olympic Clean & Jerk Skill Acquisition Of Novice Individuals In Virtual Reality,
2022
California State University, Northridge
Action Observation: Olympic Clean & Jerk Skill Acquisition Of Novice Individuals In Virtual Reality, Belle P. Ponce De Leon, Makena Savola, Wendy T. Pham, Rex Ruswick, Rudy Lua, Joshua Vicente
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Action observation (AO) involves acquiring skills through watching an expert model demonstrating said skill. Recent developments in virtual reality (VR) technology now allows for a 3D AO viewing perspective. In theory, this allows a learner to view and practice a skill without the requirement of a live demonstrator. While a 360-degree view is not possible through a 2D AO format, it is unknown if it serves as an added benefit or hinderance. PURPOSE: This study explored the viability of using VR for enhancing AO in novice individuals by performing an Olympic weightlifting exercise compared to those engaging in AO …
Comparison Of Gastrocnemius Shear Wave Elastography Stiffness Over 5 Different Zones,
2022
Brigham Young University
Comparison Of Gastrocnemius Shear Wave Elastography Stiffness Over 5 Different Zones, Anthony S. Peterson, Karlee Peterson, Ashley D. Allan, Ray M. Merrill, J. Brent Feland
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
A few studies report that shear wave elastography (SWE) is a reliable method of measuring gastrocnemius muscle stiffness. To date there are no studies assessing variance in stiffness measures at different locations on the muscle. This led us to ask whether the spot at which gastrocnemius stiffness is measured matters. PURPOSE: To determine if measurement site on the medial and lateral gastrocnemius affects SWE stiffness values. METHODS: Twelve subjects (3 men, 9 women) completed this study (Mean age is 23.0 (SD = 1.0) for men and 21.7 (SD = 2.0) for women (t p = 0.3035). Mean height …
Evaluation Of Average And Maximum Heart Rate Of Wrist-Worn Wearable Technology Devices During Trail Running,
2022
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Evaluation Of Average And Maximum Heart Rate Of Wrist-Worn Wearable Technology Devices During Trail Running, Myranda J. Peck, Dustin W. Davis, Elias M. Malek, Nicole R. Vargas, Michael Dial, Bianca Weyers, Wyatt Fullmer, Wesley Ziegler, Damian Gil, Mike Torres, Camden Cox, Nathaniel Bodell, Jacob W. Manning, Jeffrey Cowley, Merrill Funk, Marcus M. Lawrence, Mark Debeliso Phd, James W. Navalta
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
It has been estimated that there are 20 million people who participate in trail running, and these numbers are expected to increase by 15% each year. Our laboratory group has conducted studies on the validity of wearable technology watches and heart rate (HR) during trail running. The previous generation devices were mostly inaccurate, and a limitation was that reliability was not measured. PURPOSE: To determine both validity and reliability in newer models of wearable devices during trail running. METHODS: Seventeen participants (F = 7) ran on the Thunderbird Gardens Lightning Switch trail in Cedar City, UT. Demographic characteristics: Age …
Relationships Between Body Size, Strength, And Power With Throwing Velocity Following A Strength Training Block In High School Water Polo Players,
2022
California State University, Fullerton
Relationships Between Body Size, Strength, And Power With Throwing Velocity Following A Strength Training Block In High School Water Polo Players, Jacob Patron, Alexander M. Wakely, Erika Hernandez, Robert G. Lockie
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
A high school strength and conditioning program should ideally improve fitness and develop motor skills in athletes. This could be a targeted goal if research details relationships between sport-specific motor skills and measures of fitness in high school athletes. PURPOSE: To investigate the correlations and predictive relationships (controlling for age) between height, body mass, strength, and power on throwing velocity in male high school water polo athletes after a 4-week strength training block. METHODS: Eighteen water polo athletes (age: 15.50±0.20 years; height: 177.05±1.60 cm; body mass: 74.28±3.70 kg) from one high school program were recruited. Testing occurred in …
Sled Pull Training Protocol Does Not Improve Peak Force And Increases Asymmetry In Collegiate Soccer Players,
2022
Loyola Marymount University
Sled Pull Training Protocol Does Not Improve Peak Force And Increases Asymmetry In Collegiate Soccer Players, Kyra K. Parske, John A. Brasher, Robert V. Musci, Jenevieve L. Roper
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Speed and acceleration are trainable components that are critical determinants of success in team sports, particularly soccer. Lower extremity strength is one of many factors that determine the maximal force output and velocity of individuals, which is critical to success in sport. PURPOSE: To determine the effects of a 12-week sled pull training intervention on isometric leg strength and asymmetry. METHODS: Participants from Division 1 collegiate men (20 ± 1.5yrs, 168.28 ± 51.17cm, 73.44 ± 23.46kg) and women’s soccer (19.58 ± 1.02yrs, 167.07 ± 3.81cm, 62.46 ± 8.41kg) team performed pre-training isometric thigh pulls on force plates measuring peak force …
Common Carotid Artery Hemodynamic And Stiffness Responses To Acute And Repeated Bouts Of High Intensity Cardiorespiratory And Resistance Exercise,
2022
California Lutheran University
Common Carotid Artery Hemodynamic And Stiffness Responses To Acute And Repeated Bouts Of High Intensity Cardiorespiratory And Resistance Exercise, Zaria S. Opara, Michael Diaz, Lavleen Sandhu, Gabriel Hernandez, Octavia Gosnel, Louise Kelly Ph.D, Jie Liu Md, Ph.D, Allan Knox Ph.D
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
High intensity exercise is a popular mode of physical activity amongst professional and recreational athletes. The physiological stress induced by intense cardiorespiratory and muscular strengthening exercise has clinically relevant cardiovascular benefits. However, the immediate cerebrovascular response to acute and repeated bouts of intense exercise has yet to be determined. PURPOSE: To observe the hemodynamic and stiffness indexes of the common carotid artery (CCA) in response to acute and repeated bouts of cardiorespiratory and resistance exercise. METHODS: Participants (n=28) performed a maximal oxygen consumption test (VO2max), leg strength test (1RM), a sprint interval session (SIS, all out …
Functional Comparison Of Six-Minute Walk Tests Between Shod And Minimalist Footwear Individuals In Mid-Life: A Preliminary Pilot Study Analysis,
2022
Brigham Young University
Functional Comparison Of Six-Minute Walk Tests Between Shod And Minimalist Footwear Individuals In Mid-Life: A Preliminary Pilot Study Analysis, Camille L. Nguyen, Aaron W. Johnson, Annie Smedley, Sarah T. Ridge
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Research has shown that wearing minimalistic footwear can increase intrinsic and extrinsic foot muscle size and strength,although the effect of transitioning from shod to minimalist footwear on gait functionality–such as performance on a six-minute walk test–is not well documented. PURPOSE: We observed the differences in a six-minute functional walk test between mid-life (45yrs-65yrs) individuals who transitioned to minimalist footwear (MF) over a fourteen month period compared to habitually shod (HS) individuals. METHODS: Twenty mid-life individuals participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to either the MF (n=8, age= 56.5 ± 5.18 yrs, height= 162.71 ± 7.69 cm, …
Time Course Evaluation Of Mapk Phosphorylation To Resistance Exercise: A Systematic Review,
2022
California State University, Northridge
Time Course Evaluation Of Mapk Phosphorylation To Resistance Exercise: A Systematic Review, Justin X. Nicoll, Christopher J. Lee
International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings
Mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) are intramuscular cell signaling proteins that regulate adaptations to resistance exercise (RE). The MAPKs extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), p90RSK, and p38-MAPK increase during and after RE. Despite the well-known increase in post-RE phosphorylation responses of MAPK, the time-course and pattern of their activation remains unclear and poorly described. The ability to clearly define phosphorylation patterns during recovery are limited due to the variety of RE protocols implemented and populations tested when investigating MPAK responses to RE. PURPOSE: To systematically review literature on exercise-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK, p38-MAPK, and …
