Diagnosis Commons^™

Multi-Block Data Integration Analysis For Identifying And Validating Targeted N-Glycans As Biomarkers For Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus, Eric Adua, Ebenezer Afrifa-Yamoah, Emmanuel Peprah-Yamoah, Enoch Odame Anto, Emmanuel Acheampong, Kwaafo Akoto Awuah-Mensah, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Plasma N-glycan profiles have been shown to be defective in type II diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and holds a promise to discovering biomarkers. The study comprised 232 T2DM patients and 219 healthy individuals. N-glycans were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. The multivariate integrative framework, DIABLO was employed for the statistical analysis. N-glycan groups (GPs 34, 32, 26, 31, 36 and 30) were significantly expressed in T2DM in component 1 and GPs 38 and 20 were related to T2DM in component 2. Four clusters were observed based on the correlation of the expressive signatures of the 39 N-glycans across T2DM and controls. …

The Diagnosis Of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency: Implementation Of The Pidtc 2022 Definitions, Christopher C. Dvorak, Elie Haddad, Jennifer Heimall, Elizabeth Dunn, Morton J. Cowan, Sung-Yun Pai, Neena Kapoor, Lisa Forbes Satter, Rebecca H. Buckley, Richard J. O'Reilly, Sharat Chandra, Jeffrey J. Bednarski, Olatundun Williams, Ahmad Rayes, Theodore B. Moore, Christen L. Ebens, Blachy J. Davila Saldana, Aleksandra Petrovic, Deepak Chellapandian, Geoffrey D. E. Cuvelier, Mark T. Vander Lugt, Emi H. Caywood, Shanmuganathan Chandrakasan, Hesham Eissa, Frederick D. Goldman, Evan Shereck, Victor M. Aquino, Kenneth B. Desantes, Lolie Yu, Et Al

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Shearer et al in 2014 articulated well-defined criteria for the diagnosis and classification of severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) as part of the Primary Immune Deficiency Treatment Consortium's (PIDTC's) prospective and retrospective studies of SCID. Objective: Because of the advent of newborn screening for SCID and expanded availability of genetic sequencing, revision of the PIDTC 2014 Criteria was needed. Methods: We developed and tested updated PIDTC 2022 SCID Definitions by analyzing 379 patients proposed for prospective enrollment into Protocol 6901, focusing on the ability to distinguish patients with various SCID subtypes. Results: According to PIDTC 2022 Definitions, 18 of 353 …

Artificial Intelligence And The Situational Rationality Of Diagnosis: Human Problem-Solving And The Artifacts Of Health And Medicine, Michael W. Raphael

Publications and Research

What is the problem-solving capacity of artificial intelligence (AI) for health and medicine? This paper draws out the cognitive sociological context of diagnostic problem-solving for medical sociology regarding the limits of automation for decision-based medical tasks. Specifically, it presents a practical way of evaluating the artificiality of symptoms and signs in medical encounters, with an emphasis on the visualization of the problem-solving process in doctor-patient relationships. In doing so, the paper details the logical differences underlying diagnostic task performance between man and machine problem-solving: its principle of rationality, the priorities of its means of adaptation to abstraction, and the effects …

Bell’S Palsy: My Journey With A Mysterious Nerve Disorder, Sneha Shah Bds

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This article chronicles the personal journey of a dentist facing Bell's Palsy while pursuing licensure in the United States. Bell's Palsy, an idiopathic unilateral facial paralysis, is explored in detail, including its clinical presentation and differential diagnosis. The author shares their experiences, challenges, and treatments, shedding light on the impact of this mysterious nerve disorder on their daily life, work, and mental well-being. The article highlights the importance of early diagnosis, comprehensive evaluation, and treatment strategies for Bell's Palsy. The author's story serves as a poignant reminder for healthcare professionals to approach patients with empathy and compassion and recognize the …

Classification Of Breast Cancer Histopathological Images Using Semi-Supervised Gans, Balaji Avvaru, Nibhrat Lohia, Sowmya Mani, Vijayasrikanth Kaniti

SMU Data Science Review

Breast cancer is diagnosed more frequently than skin cancer in women in the United States. Most breast cancer cases are diagnosed in women, while children and men are less likely to develop the disease. Various tissues in the breast grow uncontrollably, resulting in breast cancer. Different treatments analyze microscopic histopathology images for diagnosis that help accurately detect cancer cells. Deep learning is one of the evolving techniques to classify images where accuracy depends on the volume and quality of labeled images. This study used various pre-trained models to train the histopathological images and analyze these models to create a new …

The Impossible Situation? Impasse As Psychotherapeutic Paralysis, Possibility, And Progress, Leo Cancelmo

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Psychotherapeutic impasse has long been understood in the clinical literature as treatment stagnation and even failure, both from one-person and two-person psychodynamic perspectives. However, there is a dearth of empirical research that delves deeper to understand this complex and rich phenomenon. Using semi-structured interviews with nine psychodynamic therapists speaking about individual adult patients, this study examined experiences of impasse to better understand treatments that become embroiled in a kind of paralysis. Qualitative analyses revealed dyads where patients were conceptualized as struggling chronically with negative feelings about themselves and others, and who experienced traumatic personal histories. Impasse in and of itself …

Testicular Adrenal Rest Tumors In A Patient With Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia, Su-Yuan Yu Bs, Kelly Freed Md

Department of Radiology & Diagnostic Medical Imaging

No abstract provided.

Investigating The Correlation Between Lpr & Obesity, Andrew S. Franklin Bs, Chad A. Nieri Bs, M. Boyd Gillespie Md

Longitudinal Scholar's Project

Objectives: To determine whether Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) findings of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux (LPR) correlate with obesity, gender, Epworth Sleepiness scale, and OSA severity.

Study design: Single center retrospective cohort study.

Methods: Patients greater than 18 years of age who underwent DISE by one surgeon at a tertiary care center from July 2016 to July 2022 were included. DISE findings, patient characteristics, demographics, polysomnogram(s), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale(s) were extracted. Fisher’s exact test was used to compare categorical variables, and independent sample t-test was used to compare continuous variables. All statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 28.

Results: …

Computer Aided Diagnosis System For Breast Cancer Using Deep Learning., Asma Baccouche

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The recent rise of big data technology surrounding the electronic systems and developed toolkits gave birth to new promises for Artificial Intelligence (AI). With the continuous use of data-centric systems and machines in our lives, such as social media, surveys, emails, reports, etc., there is no doubt that data has gained the center of attention by scientists and motivated them to provide more decision-making and operational support systems across multiple domains. With the recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence, the use of machine learning and deep learning models have achieved remarkable advances in computer vision, ecommerce, cybersecurity, and healthcare. Particularly, numerous …

How Valuable Are Clinical Neuropsychological Assessments? A Meta-Analysis Of Neuropsychological Tests With Comparison To Common Medical Tests And Treatments, Murphy N. Harrell

Graduate Theses and Dissertations (2019 - present)

There has been a general decrease in neuropsychological assessments at a time when medical diagnostic technology and treatments have expanded, leading to a faulty assumption that medical tests and healthcare treatments provide more reliable or valid data than psychological assessments. A landmark report from the American Psychological Association’s (APA) Psychological Assessment Work Group (PAWG) found that validity coefficients for many psychological tests were indistinguishable from those of medical tests (Meyer et al., 2001). An updated systematic review of the advancement in neuropsychological testing is essential to the continued advancement of the value of neuropsychological assessment in healthcare. This meta-analysis sought …

Heart To Heart, Mom To Mom, Karis L. Tekwani

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

This essay describes the human connection forged between two young moms, one the physician and one the patient, when their paths collided one night in the emergency department of a busy hospital. It describes a challenging and most memorable care experience in the career of a young emergency physician, the clinical outcome, and the patient’s appreciative follow-up message years later.

Can Variables From The Electronic Health Record Identify Delirium At Bedside?, Ariba Khan, Kayla Heslin, Michelle Simpson, Michael L. Malone

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Delirium, a common and serious disorder in older hospitalized patients, remains underrecognized. While several delirium predictive models have been developed, only a handful have focused on electronic health record (EHR) data. This prospective cohort study of older inpatients (≥ 65 years old) aimed to determine if variables within our health system’s EHR could be used to identify delirium among hospitalized patients at the bedside. Trained researchers screened daily for delirium using the 3-minute diagnostic Confusion Assessment Method (3D-CAM). Patient demographic and clinical variables were extracted from the EHR. Among 408 participants, mean age was 75 years, 60.8% were female, and …

A Review Of The Pathogenesis, Clinical Features And Diagnostic Indicators Of The Novel Condition Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia, Ada Fleming

International Undergraduate Journal of Health Sciences

The introduction of vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 infection was a welcome and significant event in the COVID-19 pandemic. While vaccine administration was for the most part successful, it did come with the emergence of a novel condition, Vaccine-Induced Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia (VITT). This condition presents after the administration of adenoviral vector-based vaccines against COVID-19, causing thrombocytopenia and thrombosis in affected individuals. There have been 10 suspected cases of VITT in Ireland. While its mechanism is not fully understood, the condition is characterised by the presence of Platelet Factor 4 (PF4) antibodies. There are several laboratory indicators which may suggest that a patient …

Gender Dysphoria Versus Acute Psychosis: Can One Properly Diagnose Gender Dysphoria Solely During Acute Psychosis?, Kristy A. Fisher, Samantha Scemla, Clara L. Alvarez Villalba, Jessica Kroin

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Gender dysphoria occurs when a discrepancy between one’s sex assigned at birth and one’s gender identity causes distress or impairment in function, which can lead ultimately to seeking treatment in the forms of psychotherapy, hormonal therapy, and/or gender-affirming surgery. Clinical care guidelines also recommend pharmacological treatment of psychiatric comorbidities if indicated. A review of the current literature demonstrates comorbidity between gender dysphoria and psychosis, including cases of gender dysphoria with schizophrenia and the occurrence of gender dysphoria symptoms during manic or psychotic episodes. The existing literature has yet to specifically examine gender dysphoria amongst individuals with schizoaffective disorder. The authors …

Assessing The Reidentification Risks Posed By Deep Learning Algorithms Applied To Ecg Data, Arin Ghazarian, Jianwei Zheng, Daniele Struppa, Cyril Rakovski

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

ECG (Electrocardiogram) data analysis is one of the most widely used and important tools in cardiology diagnostics. In recent years the development of advanced deep learning techniques and GPU hardware have made it possible to train neural network models that attain exceptionally high levels of accuracy in complex tasks such as heart disease diagnoses and treatments. We investigate the use of ECGs as biometrics in human identification systems by implementing state-of-the-art deep learning models. We train convolutional neural network models on approximately 81k patients from the US, Germany and China. Currently, this is the largest research project on ECG identification. …

An Updated Patient-Centered Sialadenitis Instrument: The Obstructive Salivary Problem Impact Test (Spit), Arushi Gulati, David M. Cognetti, David S. Cohen, M. Allison Ogden, Barry M. Schaitkin, Rohan R. Walvekar, William R. Ryan, Jolie L. Chang

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: The Chronic Obstructive Sialadenitis Symptoms questionnaire (COSS) was created to assess chronic sialadenitis symptoms and treatment response, but its development lacked patient input and validation. We analyzed COSS responses and feedback from sialadenitis patients and physician experts to create the novel obstructive Salivary Problem Impact Test (SPIT), a new standardized measure of sialadenitis-associated symptoms. Methods: We analyzed COSS responses via exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to identify essential symptom domains and reduce overlap in questions. Sialadenitis patients evaluated the significance of index symptoms identified from the literature review. Expert physicians rated symptom relevance in clinical assessment. An updated questionnaire (SPIT) …

Development Of Optical Nanomaterial For Enhanced Cerenkov Imaging, Qize Zhang

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Cancer is a significant public health problem worldwide and is the second leading cause of death in the United States. Imaging has increasingly been used over the last two decades to improve the diagnosis and guidance of tumor tissue removal surgery. Among the most widely used techniques for in vivo imaging are planar and tomographic fluorescence imaging and bioluminescence imaging. Despite their utility, these techniques are primarily restricted to preclinical use. Factors that have prevented translation from the bench to the bedside include depth-penetration considerations, regulatory issues, and toxicity. A recent development in nuclear imaging has been the ability to …

A Puzzling Case Of Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus In The Outpatient Setting, Shadi Shams, Asim Shafique, Marym Khan, James Bailey

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus (NPH) is a disease of adulthood characterized by the triad of gait disturbance, dementia, and urinary incontinence. Since NPH shares a lot of characteristics with other disorders including neurodegenerative disorders and degenerative-dystrophic spine, it is usually underdiagnosed and undertreated. Combination of ventriculomegaly seen on a computerized tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with clinical findings could be used in diagnosis of NPH. However, improvement of symptoms post spinal tap procedure would be a better indication of diagnosis. Currently, shunt placement is the best available modality of treatment for NPH. Here we present a case of …

Paradoxical Dat In A Term Newborn With Physiological Jaundice, Abiram Sivanandam, Tomas Rotschild

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

The Direct Antigen Test (DAT) is used to find out if a newborn has maternally-produced antibodies against the newborn’s red blood cells. We discuss the case of a term newborn male with an O+ blood type born to a mother whose blood type is A+. As a part of routine screening, DAT of umbilical cord blood was obtained, which resulted positive. While the neonate had jaundice, the overall clinical picture pointed more toward neonatal physiological jaundice rather than a potential hemolytic anemia expected with a positive DAT. This discrepancy prompted us to review literature to explain our findings.

When Are Inpatient And Emergency Dermatology Consultations Appropriate?, Hershel Dobkin, Timothy Blackwell, Robin Ashinoff

Rowan-Virtua Research Day

Hospitalists and emergency physicians continue to struggle with the assessment of dermatologic conditions, often consulting dermatology whenever a patient has a “rash” or skin concern. Dermatology is still not emphasized in medical education and often is taught to most medical students in an abbreviated fashion, which results in physicians feeling ill-equipped to deal with any dermatologic condition—either mundane or potentially life-threatening.

Better guidelines are needed for physicians in the ED and on inpatient units to guide them on appropriate use of dermatologic consultation outside the ambulatory office and the clinic. We constructed a consultation flowchart to help guide the triage …