An Apple A Day To Prevent Cancer Formation: Reducing Cancer Risk With Flavonoids,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
An Apple A Day To Prevent Cancer Formation: Reducing Cancer Risk With Flavonoids, S.-H. Tu, L.-C. Chen, Y.-S. Ho
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The purpose of this review is to update and discuss key findings from in vitro and in vivo studies on apple and its biocompounds, with a special focus on its anticancer role. Several studies have proposed that apple and its extracts exhibit a variety of biological functions that may contribute to health benefits including beneficial effects against chronic heart and vascular disorders, respiratory and pulmonary dysfunction, diabetes, obesity, and cancer. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanism(s) of various components in apple, as established in previous studies that indicated their growth-inhibitory effects in various cancer cell types. Moreover, an …
Preface,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
4-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid As An Antioxidant Marker For Mulberry Leaves Rich In Phenolic Compounds,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
4-O-Caffeoylquinic Acid As An Antioxidant Marker For Mulberry Leaves Rich In Phenolic Compounds, J.G. Ganzon, L.-G. Chen, C.-C. Wang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaves are widely used as herbal tea to prevent heat stroke. Potential chemical markers of the antioxidant properties and its correlation with harvesting times and leaf location were explored in this study. A 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging assay guided isolation of mulberry leaves extract provided five phenolic compounds: 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid (1), 4-O-caffeoylquinic acid (2), gastrodin (3), isoquercetin (4) and rutin (5). The 50% radical-scavenging concentrations (SC50) of these compounds were 32.76 ± 0.27, 11.41 ± 0.48, 404.30 ± 4.92, 10.63 ± 0.96, and 10.57 ± 0.61 μg/mL, respectively. Chromatographic fingerprinting allowed content analysis of 1–5 in samples …
Lactic Acid Bacteria-Fermented Product Of Green Tea And Houttuynia Cordata Leaves Exerts Anti-Adipogenic And Anti-Obesity Effects,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Lactic Acid Bacteria-Fermented Product Of Green Tea And Houttuynia Cordata Leaves Exerts Anti-Adipogenic And Anti-Obesity Effects, L.-C. Wang, T.-M. Pan, T.-Y. Tsai
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Obesity is associated with higher risks of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Green tea, rich in polyphenolic compounds such as epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and epigallocatechin (EGC), has been shown to display anti-obesity effects. Houttuynia cordata leaves have also been shown to exhibit anti-obesity effects due to their chlorogenic acid content. Lactic acid bacteria are able to increase the production of polyphenolic compounds. This study aims to develop a novel anti-obesity fermentation product by combining H. cordata leaf tea with green tea, using Lactobacillus paracasei subsp. paracasei NTU 101 (NTU 101) for fermentation due to the advantages of bioconverting the polyphenolic …
Enantioseparation Of Phenothiazines Through Capillary Electrophoresis With Solid Phase Extraction And Polymer Based Stacking,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Enantioseparation Of Phenothiazines Through Capillary Electrophoresis With Solid Phase Extraction And Polymer Based Stacking, W.-B. Tseng, M.-M. Hsieh, T.-C. Chiu, P.-L. Yu, S.-H. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This study developed a sensitive method involving capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled with ultraviolet absorption for the simultaneous separation of chiral phenothiazine drugs at nanomolar concentration levels. The method consists of hydroxypropyl-γ-cyclodextrin (Hp-γ-CD) as a chiral selector and poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDAC)-based CE. Five pairs of D,L-phenothiazines were baseline separated using a background electrolyte containing 0.9% PDDAC, 5 mM Hp-γ-CD, and 100 mM tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris)-formate (pH 3.0). The five pairs were successfully stacked on the basis of the difference in viscosity between the PDDAC-containing background electrolyte and the sample solution, with almost no loss of resolution. The combination of a solid-phase …
Mulberry Leaf Extract Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation Via Depressing Il-6 And Tnf-Α Derived From Adipocyte,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Mulberry Leaf Extract Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Proliferation Via Depressing Il-6 And Tnf-Α Derived From Adipocyte, C.-H. Chang, Y.-T. Chang, T.-H. Tseng, C.-J. Wang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Epidemiological studies have revealed that obesity and being overweight are associated with increased cancer risk. Adipose tissue is regarded as an endocrine organ that secretes proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), which are related to the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, adipocytes from 3T3-L1 cells were induced and stained with Oil Red O, which revealed marked intracellular lipid accumulation. Adding 15% conditioned medium (CM) from adipogenic -differentiated 3T3-L1 cells, which contained adipocyte-derived factors, to a culture medium of HepG2 cells was discovered to promote cell proliferation by a factor of up to …
Elemental Profile And Oxygen Isotope Ratio (Δ18o) For Verifying The Geographical Origin Of Chinese Wines,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Elemental Profile And Oxygen Isotope Ratio (Δ18o) For Verifying The Geographical Origin Of Chinese Wines, S. Fan, Q. Zhong, H. Gao, D. Wang, G. Li, Z. Huang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The elemental profile and oxygen isotope ratio (δ18O) of 188 wine samples collected from the Changji, Mile, and Changli regions in China were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS), respectively. By combining the data of δ18O and the concentration data of 52 elements, the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique was firstly applied to obtain the important descriptors for the discrimination of the three geographical origins. Ca, Al, Mg, B, Fe, K, Rb, Mn, Na, P, Co, Ga, As, Sr, and δ18O were identified as the …
Concentrations Of Perfluoroalkyl Substances In Foods And The Dietary Exposure Among Taiwan General Population And Pregnant Women,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Concentrations Of Perfluoroalkyl Substances In Foods And The Dietary Exposure Among Taiwan General Population And Pregnant Women, W.-L. Chen, F.-Y. Bai, Y.-C. Chang, P.-C. Chen, C.-Y. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This study quantified five perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs) and two perfluorosulfonic acids in cereals, meats, seafood, eggs, pork liver, and milk in Taiwan using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and evaluated the dietary exposure of the general population and pregnant women using per capita consumption and a questionnaire, respectively. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and PFCAs of 10–12 carbons were found in almost all of the samples in considerable concentrations in rice and pork liver, reaching as high as 283 ng/g (PFOA in pork liver); the levels are two to three orders of magnitude higher than previous reports. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), the most …
Application Of Thermal Stability Difference To Remove Flammutoxin In Fungal Immunomodulatory Protein, Fip-Fve, Extract From Flammulina Velutipes,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Application Of Thermal Stability Difference To Remove Flammutoxin In Fungal Immunomodulatory Protein, Fip-Fve, Extract From Flammulina Velutipes, C.-H. Tung, C.-C. Lin, H.-J. Wang, S.-F. Chen, F. Sheu, T.-J. Lu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Fungal immunomodulatory protein (FIP-fve) is a potential functional food ingredient. However, undesirable component flammutoxin (FTX) would occur in the extracted fraction of FIP-fve. In this paper, an application of heating processing instead of the intensive separation process was employed in fractionation of FIP-fve, meanwhile, exclusion of FTX was reached. Contents of FIP-fve and FTX were monitored by HPLC-UV-ESI-MS. Both FIP-fve and FTX had higher thermal stability in a lower concentration solution. Cold water could effectively extract FIP-fve and FTX from fresh mushroom without acetic acid and disulfide-bond breaking agent β-mercaptoethanol commonly used in biochemical studies. Heating cold water extract contained …
Combination Of On-Line Desalting And Hplc-Uv-Esi-Ms For Simultaneous Detection And Identification Of Fip-Fve And Flammutoxin In Flammulina Velutipes,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Combination Of On-Line Desalting And Hplc-Uv-Esi-Ms For Simultaneous Detection And Identification Of Fip-Fve And Flammutoxin In Flammulina Velutipes, C.-H. Tung, C.-C. Lin, C.-C. Tung, S.-F. Chen, F. Sheu, T.-J. Lu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A rapid analytical approach, on-line desalting HPLC-UV-ESI-MS method, for the analysis of FIP-fve and flammutoxin (FTX), two important bioactive proteins in the fruiting bodies of Flammulina velutipes, was developed. In this study, a highly efficient desalting method is provided using molecular weight cut-off centrifugal filtration and on-line desalting. Sample preparation followed by an on-line desalting HPLC-UV-ESI-MS system was employed for simultaneous desalting and detection and identification of FIP-fve and FTX. Results indicated that using trifluoroacetic acid as a modifier on a C18 reversed-phase column renders effective separation. ESI-MS revealed that the apparent molecular masses of FIP-fve and FTX were 12,749.1 …
A Feasible And Practical 1h Nmr Analytical Method For The Quality Control And Quantification Of Bioactive Principles In Lycii Fructus,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
A Feasible And Practical 1h Nmr Analytical Method For The Quality Control And Quantification Of Bioactive Principles In Lycii Fructus, L.-Y. Hsieh, H.-H. Chan, P.-C. Kuo, H.-Y. Hung, Y.-C. Li, C.-L. Kuo, Y. Peng, Z.-Z. Zhao, D.-H. Kuo, I.-W. Sun, T.-S. Wu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Lycii Fructus, a solanaceous drug, is widely used as functional foods and in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Samples collected from different regions of China have been found to be not identical in chemical compositions which might affect the biological activities. Although many chromatographic and spectrometric methods have been reported to determine the concentration of betaine and other bioactive amino acids, disturbance resulted from other polar substances with low UV-absorbance and expensive mass facilities reduced the applicability of these techniques. In the present study, the strong cation exchange solid phase extraction procedure incorporated with 1H NMR was successfully developed as a rapid …
Comparative Study Of Two Different Chromatographic Approaches For Quantitation Of Hydrocortisone Acetate And Pramoxine Hydrochloride In Presence Of Their Impurities,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Comparative Study Of Two Different Chromatographic Approaches For Quantitation Of Hydrocortisone Acetate And Pramoxine Hydrochloride In Presence Of Their Impurities, F. Ibrahim, A.K. El-Deen, K. Shimizu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
In the present study, we compare the performance of two reversed-phase liquid chromatographic approaches using different eluents either conventional hydro-organic eluent or micellar one for simultaneous estimation of hydrocortisone acetate and pramoxine hydrochloride in presence of their degradants and process-related impurities; hydrocortisone and 4-butoxyphenol, respectively. For conventional reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC), separation of the studied compounds was completed on an Inertsil ODS 3-C18 column (150 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm particle size) with a mobile phase consists of 50 mM phosphate buffer (pH 5.0): acetonitrile (50: 50, v/v). For micellar liquid chromatography (MLC), an Eclipse XDB-C8 column (150 mm …
Improvement Of Nutritional Components And In Vitro Antioxidative Properties Of Soy-Powder Yogurts Using Lactobacillus Plantarum,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Improvement Of Nutritional Components And In Vitro Antioxidative Properties Of Soy-Powder Yogurts Using Lactobacillus Plantarum, J.H. Lee, C.E. Hwang, E.J. Cho, Y.H. Song, S.C. Kim, K.M. Cho
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This research was the first to demonstrate changes in nutritional compositions (isoflavone and CLA) from the 50% methanol extracts of soy-powder milk (SPM) and soy-powder yogurt (SPY) through fermentation using Lactobacillus plantarum S48 and P1201 strains. The radical scavenging activities and protective effects against oxidative stress in LLC-PK1 cells were also investigated. The average physicochemical characteristics including acidity and viable cell number as well as β-glucosidase activity increased with 0.2 → 0.7%, 7.5 → 9.8 log cfu/mL, and 0.0 3 → 1.75 U/g in SPYs. Total average isoflavones were considerably reduced (3180.3 → 2018.3 μg/g) with the increase of aglycone …
Synergic Effect Of Curcumin And Its Structural Analogue (Monoacetylcurcumin) On Anti-Influenza Virus Infection,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Synergic Effect Of Curcumin And Its Structural Analogue (Monoacetylcurcumin) On Anti-Influenza Virus Infection, S.M. Richart, Y.-L. Li, Y. Mizushina, Y.-Y. Chang, T.-Y. Chung, G.-H. Chen, J.T.-C. Tzen, K.-S. Shia, W.-L. Hsu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Curcumin (Cur), a polyphenolic compound extracted from spice and common food colourant turmeric, contains versatile bio-activities. Monoacetylcurcumin (MAC), a structural analogue of Cur, differs from Cur by acetyl modification, but retains enone groups. Comparative analysis revealed MAC effectively inhibited influenza virus infection (IAV) to a similar extent as, if not superior to, curcumin. Both compounds mildly reduced viral NA activity. Surprisingly, unlike Cur, the MAC inhibition of IAV did not occur through the blocking of HA activity. However, MAC strongly dampened Akt phosphorylation, the prerequisite signalling for efficient IAV propagation. A much stronger inhibition effect on IAV infection was observed …
Resveratrol Protects Muscle Cells Against Palmitate-Induced Cellular Senescence And Insulin Resistance Through Ameliorating Autophagic Flux,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Resveratrol Protects Muscle Cells Against Palmitate-Induced Cellular Senescence And Insulin Resistance Through Ameliorating Autophagic Flux, Y.-C. Chang, H.-W. Liu, Y.-T. Chen, Y.-A. Chen, Y.-J. Chen, S.-J. Chang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Skeletal muscle, a highly metabolic tissue, is particularly vulnerable to increased levels of saturated free fatty acids (FFAs). The role of autophagy in saturated FFAs-induced cellular senescence and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle remains unclear. Therefore, the present study was aimed to explore autophagic flux in cellular senescence and insulin resistance induced by palmitate in muscle cells, and whether resveratrol limited these responses. Our results showed that palmitate induced cellular senescence in both myoblasts and myotubes. In addition, palmitate delayed differentiation in myoblasts and inhibited expression of insulin-stimulated p-AKTSer473 in myotubes. The accumulations of autophagosome assessed by tandem fluorescent-tagged LC3 …
Effects Of Vitamin B-6 Supplementation On Oxidative Stress And Inflammatory Response In Neonatal Rats Receiving Hyperoxia Therapy,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Effects Of Vitamin B-6 Supplementation On Oxidative Stress And Inflammatory Response In Neonatal Rats Receiving Hyperoxia Therapy, M.-S. Lee, T.-C. Su, Y.-C. Huang, R.C. Yang, J.-K. Kao, C.-H. Lee, J.-J. Tseng, C.-S. Hsu, C.-L. Hsu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Hyperoxia is often used in the treatment of neonates. However, protracted use of hyperoxia leads to significant morbidity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of vitamin B-6 supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory responses in neonatal rats undergoing hyperoxia therapy. The study consisted of 2 parts: a survival study and a vitamin B-6 efficacy study for 16 days. Neonatal rats were randomly divided into either the control group, B-6 group (subcutaneously injected with 90 mg/kg/d of pyridoxal 5′-phosphate [PLP]), O2 group (treated with 85% oxygen), or O2 + B-6 group (simultaneously treated with 85% oxygen and …
Quantitative And Qualitative Analyses Of Cytotoxic Triterpenoids In The Rhizomes Of Anemone Raddeana Using Hplc And Hplc-Esi-Q/Tof-Ms,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Quantitative And Qualitative Analyses Of Cytotoxic Triterpenoids In The Rhizomes Of Anemone Raddeana Using Hplc And Hplc-Esi-Q/Tof-Ms, Y. Zhao, X. Zhang, C. Lv, Y. Yu, Y. Zhang, J. Lu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Anemone raddeana Regel, a Traditional Chinese Medicine, has been demonstrated to possess cytotoxicity and anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of this study is to establish analytical methods to identify and quantify the major active constituents in Anemone raddeana. A high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-Q/TOF-MS) was used to identify the components in the title plant material. To quantify the major components, a HPLC-UV method was developed and validated. The results showed that 37 compounds were identified based on the MS data and retention times. The contents of eight main bioactive compounds were determined by …
Investigation Of Aflatoxins Contamination In Herbal Materia Medica In A Taiwan Pharmaceutical Factory,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Investigation Of Aflatoxins Contamination In Herbal Materia Medica In A Taiwan Pharmaceutical Factory, M.-Y. Chien, C.-M. Yang, C.-M. Huang, C.-H. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
During the years 2005–2016, a total of 1067 samples for 24 types of herbal materia medica were investigated for the presence of aflatoxins (AFs) using immunoaffinity column cleanup and HPLC-coupled to a fluorescence detector after post-column derivatization. AFs were detected in 373 (35%) out of the total samples. Among them, Platycladi Semen (65% for total AFs and 79% for AFB1), Corydalis Rhizoma (53% for total AFs and 32% for AFB1), Corni Fructus (3% for total AFs), Coicis Semen (3% for total AFs and AFB1), Nelumbinis Semen (6% for total AFs and 9% for AFB1), Arecae Semen (18% for AFB1), Polygalae …
Characterization Of Titanium Dioxide And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles In Sunscreen Powder By Comparing Different Measurement Methods,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Characterization Of Titanium Dioxide And Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles In Sunscreen Powder By Comparing Different Measurement Methods, P.J. Lu, S.W. Fang, W.L. Cheng, S.C. Huang, M.C. Huang, H.F. Cheng
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Numerous consumer products, such as cosmetics, contain nanoparticles (NPs) of titanium dioxide (TiO2) or zinc oxide (ZnO); however, this raises questions concerning the safety of such additives. Most of these products do not indicate whether the product includes NPs. In this study, we characterized metal oxide NPs according to size, shape, and composition as well as their aggregation/agglomeration characteristics. In order to comprehend quickly the characterization of metal oxide NPs, we employed single particle inductively coupled plasma (SP-ICPMS) to help quantify the size of metal oxide NPs; then, we use transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to corroborate the results. The crystal …
Flavonoids Luteolin And Quercetin Inhibit Rps19 And Contributes To Metastasis Of Cancer Cells Through C-Myc Reduction,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Flavonoids Luteolin And Quercetin Inhibit Rps19 And Contributes To Metastasis Of Cancer Cells Through C-Myc Reduction, K.-C. Chen, W.-H. Hsu, J.-Y. Ho, C.-W. Lin, C.-Y. Chu, C.C. Kandaswami, M.-T. Lee, C.-H. Cheng
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Flavonoids luteolin and quercetin can inhibit growth and metastasis of cancer cells. In our previous report, luteolin and quercetin was shown to block Akt/mTOR/c-Myc signaling. Here, we found luteolin and quercetin reduced protein level and transactivation activity of RPS19 in A431-III cells, which is isolated from parental A431 (A431-P) cell line. Further investigation the inhibitory mechanism of luteolin and quercetin on RPS19, we found c-Myc binding sites on RPS19 promoter. The Akt inhibitor LY294002, mTOR inhibitor rapamycin and c-Myc inhibitor 10058-F4 significantly suppressed RPS19 expression and transactivation activities. Overexpression and knockdown of c-Myc in cancer cells show RPS19 expression was …
