Development Of A Metabolomics-Based Data Analysis Approach For Identifying Drug Metabolites Based On High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry,
2023
Department of Anesthesiology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City 60002, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Development Of A Metabolomics-Based Data Analysis Approach For Identifying Drug Metabolites Based On High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry, Hsiao-Hsien Ting, Yi-Shiou Chiou, Tien-Yi Chang, Guan-Yu Lin, Pei-Jhen Li, Chia-Lung Shih
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A metabolomics-based approach to data analysis is required for drug metabolites to be identified quickly. This study developed such an approach based on high-resolution mass spectrometry. Our approach is a two-stage one that combines a time-course experiment with stable isotope tracing. Pioglitazone (PIO) was used to improve glycemic management for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Consequently, PIO was taken as a model drug for identifying metabolites. During Stage I of data analysis, 704 out of 26626 ions exhibited a positive relationship between ion abundance ratio and incubation time in a time-course experiment. During Stage II, 25 isotope pairs were identified among …
Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis Assisted By Signal Selection For Comprehensively Identifying Metabolites Of New Psychoactive Substances: 4-Meo-Α-Pvp As An Example,
2023
Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis Assisted By Signal Selection For Comprehensively Identifying Metabolites Of New Psychoactive Substances: 4-Meo-Α-Pvp As An Example, Hsin-Yi Wu, Yuan-Chih Chen, Jing-Fang Hsu, Hsiang-Ting Lu, Yu-Yi Pan, Mi-Chia Ma, Pao-Chi Liao
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
New psychoactive substances (NPS) have been rapidly emerged as legal alternatives to controlled drugs, which raised severe public health issue. The detection and monitoring of its intake by complete metabolic profiling is an urgent and vital task. Untargeted metabolomics approach has been applied for several NPS metabolites studies. Although the number of such works is relatively limited but with a rapidly growing need. The present study aimed to propose a procedure that includes liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) analysis and a signal selection software, MetaboFinder, programed as a web tool. The comprehensive metabolites profile of one kind of NPS, …
Guilu Erxian Jiao Enhances Protein Synthesis, Glucose Homeostasis, Mitochondrial Biogenesis And Slow-Twitch Fibers In The Skeletal Muscle,
2023
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Guilu Erxian Jiao Enhances Protein Synthesis, Glucose Homeostasis, Mitochondrial Biogenesis And Slow-Twitch Fibers In The Skeletal Muscle, Wei-Yu Fang, Wan-Hsuan Chang, Yi-Hong Tsai, Hung-Te Hsu, Fang-Rong Chang, Chih-Lung Lin, Yi-Ching Lo
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Guilu Erxian Jiao (GEJ) is a commonly used nutritional supplement due to its rich content of amino acids. It is also a traditional herbal medicine for improving degenerative joint. This study aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of GEJ water extract (GEJ-WE) on skeletal muscle in C2C12 myotubes and C57BL/6J mice. Analysis of GEJ-WE were performed by high-performance liquid chromatography fingerprinting with chemical standards. Protein expression, mRNA level, glycogen content, mitochondria activity and ATP level were evaluated by western blots, real-time PCR, PAS staining, MTT and ATP bioluminescence assay, respectively. Skeletal muscle strength was evaluated by grip strength. Skeletal …
High-Resolution 1h Nmr Analysis Of Continuous And Discontinuous Thermo-Oxidative Susceptibility Of Culinary Oils During Frying At 180℃,
2023
Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, SEC Faculty, Kingston University, Kingston-upon-Thames, Surrey, KT1 2EE, UK
High-Resolution 1h Nmr Analysis Of Continuous And Discontinuous Thermo-Oxidative Susceptibility Of Culinary Oils During Frying At 180℃, Gilbert Ampem, Adam Le Gresley, Martin Grootveld, Declan P Naughton
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Lipid oxidations products (LOPs) are reactive mutagenic and carcinogenic species known to be generated in thermally stressed culinary oils. Mapping the evolution of LOPs in culinary oils exposed to standard frying practices – both continuous and discontinuous thermo-oxidation – at 180℃ is vital to our understanding of these processes, and to the development of scientific solutions for their effective suppression. Modifications in the chemical compositions of the thermo-oxidised oils were analysed using a high-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) technique. Research findings acquired showed that polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich culinary oils were the most susceptible to thermo-oxidation. …
Investigation Of Monacolin K, Yellow Pigments, And Citrinin Production Capabilities Of Monascus Purpureus And Monascus Ruber (Monascus Pilosus),
2023
Department of Life Science, National Taitung University, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Investigation Of Monacolin K, Yellow Pigments, And Citrinin Production Capabilities Of Monascus Purpureus And Monascus Ruber (Monascus Pilosus), Tzu-Shing Lin, Shih-Hau Chiu, Chien-Chi Chen, Chih-Hui Lin
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Red mold rice (RMR) is a traditional Chinese medicine prepared using Monascus fermentation. M. ruber (pilosus) and M. purpureus have a long history of use as food and medicine. As an economically important starter culture, the relationship between the taxonomy of Monascus and production capabilities of secondary metabolites is crucial for the Monascus food industry. In this study, monacolin K, monascin, ankaflavin, and citrinin production by M. purpureus and M. ruber were genomically and chemically investigated. Our findings suggest that M. purpureus can produce monascin and ankaflavin in a correlated manner, whereas M. ruber produces monascin with minimum …
Determination Of 24 Sulfonamide Antibiotics In Instant Pastries By Modified Quechers Coupled With Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry,
2023
Shijiazhuang Technology Innovation Center for Chemical Poison Detection and Risk Early Warning, Shijiazhuang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shijiazhuang, China
Determination Of 24 Sulfonamide Antibiotics In Instant Pastries By Modified Quechers Coupled With Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry, Shuo Li, Can Zhang, Hui-Xin Tang, Yue Gu, Ai-Jing Guo, Ke Wang, Kao-Qi Lian
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
There were few reports about antibiotic residues in egg-containing products. In the study, an effective method for the simultaneous determination of 24 sulfonamide antibiotics in two instant pastries based on a modified QuEChERS sample preparation technique coupled with ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed. The results show that the average recoveries of the SAs at 5, 10, and 50 µg·kg-1 levels were 67.6%-103.8%, with relative standard deviations (RSD) of 0.80-9.23%. The limit of detections (LODs) and limit of quantitations (LOQs) were 0.01-0.14 µg∙kg-1 and 0.02-0.45 µg∙kg-1, respectively. This method was suitable for analysis of …
Erinacine S From Hericium Erinaceus Mycelium Promotes Neuronal Regeneration By Inducing Neurosteroids Accumulation,
2023
Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Erinacine S From Hericium Erinaceus Mycelium Promotes Neuronal Regeneration By Inducing Neurosteroids Accumulation, Chun-Yu Lin, Yi-Ju Chen, Chih-Hsuan Hsu, Yu-Hsuan Lin, Peng-Tzu Chen, Ting-Han Kuo, Chris T. Ho, Hsin-Hua Chen, Sih-Jia Huang, Ho-Chieh Chiu, Chin-Chu Chen, Eric Hwang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Erinacines derived from Hericium erinaceus have been shown to possess various health benefits including neuroprotective effect against neurodegenerative diseases, yet the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here we found that erinacine S enhances neurite outgrowth in a cell autonomous fashion. It promotes post-injury axon regeneration of PNS neurons and enhances regeneration on inhibitory substrates of CNS neurons. Using RNA-seq and bioinformatic analyses, erinacine S was found to cause the accumulation of neurosteroids in neurons. ELISA and neurosteroidogenesis inhibitor assays were performed to validate this effect. This research uncovers a previously unknown effect of erinacine S on raising the level of neurosteroids.
Regulatory Considerations For Generic Products Of Non-Biological Complex Drugs,
2023
School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei City, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Regulatory Considerations For Generic Products Of Non-Biological Complex Drugs, Yu-Hsuan Liu, Yi-Shuo Chen, Ting Tseng, Min-Lin Jiang, Churn-Shiouh Gau, Lin-Chau Chang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The Non-Biological Complex Drug (NBCD) Working Group defines an NBCD as “a medicinal product, not being a biological medicine, where the active substance is not a homo-molecular structure, but consists of different (closely related and often nanoparticulate) structures that cannot be isolated and fully quantitated, characterized and/or described by physicochemical analytical means”. There are concerns about the potential clinical differences between the follow-on versions and the originator products and within the individual follow-on versions. In the present study, we compare the regulatory requirements for developing generic products of NBCDs in the European Union (EU) and the United States (US). The …
Recent Developments In Detection And Therapeutic Approaches For Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Infections,
2023
Department of Chemistry, National Dong Hwa University, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Recent Developments In Detection And Therapeutic Approaches For Antibiotic-Resistant Bacterial Infections, Kavya Moorthy, Kai-Chih Chang, Hsueh-Hui Yang, Wen-Min Su, Cheng-Kang Chiang, Zhiqin Yuan
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Owing to the widespread emergence and proliferation of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the therapeutic benefits of antibiotics have been reduced. In addition, the ongoing evolution of multidrug-resistant pathogens poses a challenge for the scientific community to develop sensitive analytical methods and innovative antimicrobial agents for the detection and treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections. In this review, we have described the antibiotic resistance mechanisms that occur in bacteria and summarized the recent developments in detection strategies for monitoring drug resistance using different diagnostic methods in three aspects, including electrostatic attraction, chemical reaction, and probe-free analysis. Additionally, to understand the effective inhibition of drug-resistant …
Effect Of Lifestyle-Based Lipid Lowering Interventions On The Relationship Between Circulating Levels Of Per-And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances And Serum Cholesterol,
2023
Wayne State University
Effect Of Lifestyle-Based Lipid Lowering Interventions On The Relationship Between Circulating Levels Of Per-And Polyfluoroalkyl Substances And Serum Cholesterol, Stephanie Morgan, M. Abdul Mottaleb, Maria P. Kraemer, Debra K. Moser, Jessica Worley, Andrew J. Morris, Michael C. Petriello
UK CARES Faculty Publications
Exposure to certain per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has been shown to be positively associated with total and/or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Examining this association in lipid lowering interventions may provide additional evidence linking PFAS to cardiovascular risk. We examined the relationship of 6 PFAS with cholesterol in a 6-month lifestyle-based intervention. We quantitated PFAS in 350 individuals at baseline and post intervention and examined associations of PFAS with cholesterol before and after intervention. Food frequency questionnaires and GIS analyses were used to investigate PFAS hotspots and possible exposure routes. Cholesterol significantly decreased following intervention and in parallel, PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, and …
Comparing The Toxicant Responses And Culturing Characteristics Of Long-Term Laboratory-Reared And Field Populations Of Ceriodaphnia Dubia,
2023
Arkansas State University
Comparing The Toxicant Responses And Culturing Characteristics Of Long-Term Laboratory-Reared And Field Populations Of Ceriodaphnia Dubia, Victoria Rose Lydy
Student Theses and Dissertations
Ceriodaphnia dubia is an EPA-recommended organism used in regulatory toxicity testing of surface waters and commercial chemicals. They are often cultured for extended periods in the laboratory with little knowledge of how it impacts subsequent generations. This thesis investigated if C. dubia cultured for an extended period were representative of three recently-collected field populations by comparing their culturing characteristics and sensitivities to toxicants. Comparative chronic toxicity tests with sodium chloride, the neonicotinoid insecticide thiamethoxam, and mixtures of the two toxicants measured differences in sensitivities among the laboratory and field cultures, specifically in the variability of responses. For culturing characteristics, the …
The Effects Of Salinity And Acetaminophen On The Aquatic Snail Physa Acuta,
2023
North Carolina Wesleyan University
The Effects Of Salinity And Acetaminophen On The Aquatic Snail Physa Acuta, Michelle Sackey-Ansah, Megan Mackey, Daniel Elias, Jason Doll, Alyssa Brookhart
Journal of the South Carolina Academy of Science
Pharmaceuticals are increasingly detected in water bodies, and their presence can negatively impact aquatic organisms. This effect can be amplified when combined with increasing salinity in freshwater ecosystems. Acetaminophen is a widely used analgesic that is commonly found in river, streams, and waters where it is discharged directly. Therefore, organisms present in these locations (e.g., insects, snails, amphibians, and fish) are likely to be affected by acetaminophen. In this study, we determined the effects of elevated salinity (0.68 g/L), acetaminophen (500 µg/L) and combined elevated salinity (0.68 g/L) and acetaminophen (500 µg/L), on the growth, reproduction, and movement of the …
Characterization Of Antiviral Immunity, Host Virus Interactions, And Toxicity Of Agrochemical Residues In The Western Honey Bee,
2023
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Characterization Of Antiviral Immunity, Host Virus Interactions, And Toxicity Of Agrochemical Residues In The Western Honey Bee, Christopher Fellows
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Honey bee colonies have perished at an alarming rate for over 15 years. Among the multitude of threats to bee health, virus infections and agrochemical exposure appear to be major drivers of colony loss. As virus infection is among the most damaging influences on bee health, we first investigated a putative target for antiviral immunity, termed KATP channels. We previously demonstrated that pharmacologically activating KATP channels induces the production of reactive oxygen species and increases survival during infection with Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus. Here, we demonstrate that KATP modulation and ROS induction reduce virus replication and enhance …
Phase 1a Clinical Study For Q-Griffithsin Intranasal Spray For Prevention Of Coronavirus,
2023
University of Louisville
Phase 1a Clinical Study For Q-Griffithsin Intranasal Spray For Prevention Of Coronavirus, Megan Bezold, Kenneth Palmer, Nobuyuki Matoba, Elizabeth Cash
Posters-at-the-Capitol
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is a highly transmissible virus that causes acute respiratory disease with possible long-term complications, known as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Griffithsin (GRFT; including the oxidation-resistant variant Q-GRFT used in this study) is an algal carbohydrate-binding protein exhibiting antiviral effects against many enveloped viruses, including all major variants of SARS- CoV-2 reported to date. Q-GRFT has been recombinantly manufactured in Nicotiana benthamiana plants, thoroughly purified, and formulated as an intranasal spray designed to be developed as a non-vaccine broad-spectrum prophylactic product for acute use. This is the first-in-human, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The …
Mancozeb Exposure Results In Oxidative Stress And Disruption Of Mitochondrial Complexes Iii & Iv In Transformed Human Colon Cells,
2023
Saint John's University, Jamaica New York
Mancozeb Exposure Results In Oxidative Stress And Disruption Of Mitochondrial Complexes Iii & Iv In Transformed Human Colon Cells, Amanda Dhaneshwar
Theses and Dissertations
The ethylene bisdithiocarbamate pesticides, a subclass of the dithiocarbamate pesticides, are broad spectrum organometallic fungicides used on a variety of crops. The fungicide Mancozeb is comprised of an ethylene bisdithiocarbamate backbone complexed to the metals manganese and zinc. Ingestion of food containing pesticide residue and occupational exposure are common routes of Mancozeb exposure. Previous work demonstrated that Mancozeb exposure to HT-29 colon cancer cells resulted in cytotoxicity, apoptosis, and disruption of mitochondrial complex I, II, and V activity. The current study investigated the effect of Mancozeb exposure on mitochondrial complex III and IV activity and oxidative stress parameters in the …
Cytotoxicity Of Copper (Ii) Octanoate On Mouse Hippocampal Astrocytes,
2023
Saint John's University, Jamaica New York
Cytotoxicity Of Copper (Ii) Octanoate On Mouse Hippocampal Astrocytes, Ali A. Shohatee
Theses and Dissertations
Copper, as an essential trace element, is crucial for various biological processes but has also been utilized as a constituent of various pesticides for decades. Copper (II) octanoate is a pesticide utilized as a fungicide and is approved for use in the production of certified organic foods. Previous studies have implicated copper as an inducer of oxidative stress and activator of the Nrf2-ARE pathway. Nrf2 is essential in regulating the transcription of various genes to alleviate toxicity such as those involved in glutathione synthesis and detoxification. Due to the limited toxicological data, this study into the potential induction of oxidative …
Growth And Survival Of Amphibians Exposed To Road Salt And Glyphosate-Based Herbicide,
2023
Western Kentucky University
Growth And Survival Of Amphibians Exposed To Road Salt And Glyphosate-Based Herbicide, Jerica Eaton
Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects
Amphibian populations are threatened by increasing levels of environmental pollution resulting from human activities. Areas with mixed land use that include agriculture and urban development experience increased contamination from surface herbicide and road deicer application. Upon entering water sources, these chemicals have the capacity to disrupt the natural dynamics of aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of these contaminants on amphibian populations. I used the spotted salamander (Ambystoma maculatum) as a model, rearing larvae from hatching to metamorphosis. I subjected larvae in each of the treatment groups to varying levels of herbicide and salt concentrations. …
Revisiting The 2018 Corsica Oil Spill - A Preliminary Case Study Of Ecosystem Recovery From Pahs In Yelkouan Shearwater (Puffinus Yelkouan),
2023
Claremont McKenna College
Revisiting The 2018 Corsica Oil Spill - A Preliminary Case Study Of Ecosystem Recovery From Pahs In Yelkouan Shearwater (Puffinus Yelkouan), Makenna Mahrer
CMC Senior Theses
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a specific class of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) heavily associated with crude oil, and pose genotoxic and physiological threats to marine life when released into the aquatic environment during a petroleum spill. This study seeks to understand the residual impacts of the 2018 Corsica oil spill on Puffinus yelkouan (Yelkouan Shearwater), a seabird endemic to the Mediterranean basin, using the species as a bioindicator for contamination in the region. Though classified by the IUCN Red List as ‘vulnerable,’ this species remains grossly understudied in present monitoring literature. This study made use of blood samples and …
Acute Copper (Cu) Toxicity In Dragonfly Naiads (Insecta: Odonata),
2023
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Acute Copper (Cu) Toxicity In Dragonfly Naiads (Insecta: Odonata), Jeff M. Simpson
Department of Entomology: Distance Master of Science Projects
The objective of this study was to examine the effects copper (Cu) on mortality within a pair of test groups of naiads in the order Odonata, and to replicate previous observations regarding their potential uses as indicators for water quality. Few past studies have examined toxicity within relation to the odonates. It has been suggested that this order may contain valuable model organisms (Tollett et al., 2008). Very little focus has been given to odonates as bioindicators, with the few studies done being performed on species that would typically inhabit lentic environments (Trevino, 1999). Similarly, the test subjects for this …
Hepatic Transcriptomic Assessment Of Sprague Dawley Rats In Response To Dietary Perfluorobutane Sulfonate (Pfbs) Ingestion,
2023
Georgia Southern University
Hepatic Transcriptomic Assessment Of Sprague Dawley Rats In Response To Dietary Perfluorobutane Sulfonate (Pfbs) Ingestion, Isaac Appiah
College of Graduate Studies: Theses & Dissertations
Perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) is a short-chain PFAS that is considered to be a less toxic replacement for the rather more toxic long-chain perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS). Its numerous industrial applications and widespread presence in the environment have raised environmental and health concerns because of growing evidence associating adverse health effects and certain liver diseases to PFBS exposure. The study goal was to investigate whether dietary ingestion of PFBS would induce liver injuries, damage, inflammations, and oxidative stress. To achieve these goals, Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into three PFBS dietary treatment groups (0, 50, and 100 PPM) for 11 weeks. After this …
