Unleashing Serine Palmitoyltransferase In Test Tubes And Mice,
2025
Virginia Commonwealth University
Unleashing Serine Palmitoyltransferase In Test Tubes And Mice, Matthew W. Peart
Theses and Dissertations
Canonically known both for structural contributions to lipid bilayers and roles in cell signaling, the sphingolipids comprise a dynamic, multifaceted class of molecules which are studied to understand homeostatic cell biology as well as pathophysiology. Sphingolipids contribute to tissue-specific structures such as myelin, a multilayer membrane that allows for rapid conduction of action potentials along neuronal axons. All sphingolipids are downstream products of the rate-limiting and initiating enzyme in the de novo sphingolipid synthesis pathway, Serine palmitoyltransferase (SPT). Demonstrative of its status as the enzyme that catalyzes a crucial step in a biochemical pathway, SPT activity is strictly regulated. This …
Scopolamine-Induced Modulation Of Serotonin And Dopamine Transporters Activity: Behavioral And Molecular Insights Into Rapid Antidepressant Action,
2025
Virginia Commonwealth University
Scopolamine-Induced Modulation Of Serotonin And Dopamine Transporters Activity: Behavioral And Molecular Insights Into Rapid Antidepressant Action, Deepak Karunakaran
Theses and Dissertations
Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects over 350 million individuals worldwide and is characterized by profound dysregulation of serotonin (5-HT) and dopamine (DA) systems that govern mood, reward processing, and motivation. The serotonin transporter (SERT) and dopamine transporter (DAT), both dynamically regulated through phosphorylation, serve as critical determinants of synaptic monoamine signaling. Despite decades of therapeutic development, current antidepressants require 4-6 weeks to achieve efficacy, and approximately one-third to half of patients develop treatment-resistant depression. The emergence of rapid-acting antidepressants like ketamine represents a paradigmatic shift, demonstrating symptom relief within hours; however, ketamine's therapeutic potential remains constrained by abuse liability, dissociative …
Weighted Family History Density Of Substance Use: Influence On Participant Substance Use Onset, Escalation, And Duration,
2025
University of Kentucky
Weighted Family History Density Of Substance Use: Influence On Participant Substance Use Onset, Escalation, And Duration, Carleigh A. Litteral
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
Substance use disorders impose a staggering toll on the United States (U.S.), straining healthcare systems, destabilizing communities, and profoundly impacting both individuals and families. Approximately one in six Americans aged 12 and older had a past-year substance use disorder in 2022 (Key Substance Use, 2022), and nearly one-third of adults experience a substance use disorder in their lifetime (Wu, 2010), contributing to an economic burden exceeding $400 billion annually (National Drug Threat Assessment, 2011). Family history of substance use disorders is a key predictor of vulnerability, with individuals who have affected relatives being 2–8 times more …
The Effects Of Plx 3397 On Fentanyl Escalation In Male And Female Sprague-Dawley Rats,
2025
University of Kentucky
The Effects Of Plx 3397 On Fentanyl Escalation In Male And Female Sprague-Dawley Rats, Jakob Shaykin
Theses and Dissertations--Psychology
Purpose: A hallmark characteristic of opioid use disorder (OUD) is a persons’ ‘loss of control’, which leads to the compulsion to seek and obtain opioids, resulting in increased consumption. This phenomenon is known as ‘escalation of drug intake’. Chronic opioid use causes microglial reactivity and subsequent release of proinflammatory cytokines leading to neuroinflammation, weakening one’s executive control over drug taking and ultimately leading to greater use. Previous research in our laboratory has explored heterogeneity of fentanyl intake in extended access (6-hr) sessions and identified distinct endophenotypes of fentanyl intake. Moreover, we have observed a positive correlation between Treml1 expression …
Investigating Whether Txnrd2 Is A Therapeutic Target Against Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using African American-Derived Models,
2025
Loyola University of Chicago Graduate School
Investigating Whether Txnrd2 Is A Therapeutic Target Against Triple Negative Breast Cancer Using African American-Derived Models, Keacha Chang
Dissertations
Despite similar breast cancer incidence rates, African American (AA) women experience a 40% higher mortality rate compared to Caucasian American (CA) women. This disparity is multifactorial and particularly pronounced in the Chicago area. AA women are twice as likely to be diagnosed with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), often at a younger age and with more aggressive disease. TNBC is a heterogeneous subtype lacking targeted therapies and is associated with the poorest prognosis among breast cancer types. Therefore, there is an urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies for TNBC, especially those tailored to AA patients. The thioredoxin pathway is essential for …
Identification Of Fentanyl And Fentanyl Analogs Found In Human Urine Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry,
2025
University at Albany, State University of New York
Identification Of Fentanyl And Fentanyl Analogs Found In Human Urine Using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Adam M. Fisher
Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)
Identification of fentanyl and its analogs in unknown samples is a frequent practice completed in forensic crime labs, as the fentanyl epidemic continues. With the continued increase in illicit drug use, crime labs are not able to keep up with the flooding of new fentanyl analogs being developed, resulting in new analogs slipping past the crime labs’ authority. This research is to start to develop a database of commonly found fentanyl analogs in New York State. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) is a widely used method for the detection and identification of illicit drugs in forensic crime labs. A database that …
Ccr5-Ligand Decorated Rilpivirine Lipid-Based Nanoparticles For Sustained Antiretroviral Responses,
2024
University of Nebraska Medical Center
Ccr5-Ligand Decorated Rilpivirine Lipid-Based Nanoparticles For Sustained Antiretroviral Responses, Milankumar Patel
Theses & Dissertations
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) is the standard remedy to improve the health-related quality of life of people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, limited access to the viral reservoir has significantly hindered its effectiveness in fully eradicating HIV. Therefore, to improve HIV therapy, here we propose a C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5)-targeted theranostic lipid Based Nanoparticles (LBNPs) to noninvasively track and specifically deliver the antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to the viral reservoir. A multi-modular radioactive nanoprobe was synthesized and co-encapsulated with rilpivirine (RPV, an ARV) into the LBNP to achieve a theranostic LBNP that can be tracked by positron emission …
Pediatric Flecainide Pharmacogenomics: A Roadmap To Delivering Precision-Based Care To Pediatrics Arrhythmias.,
2024
Children's Mercy Kansas City
Pediatric Flecainide Pharmacogenomics: A Roadmap To Delivering Precision-Based Care To Pediatrics Arrhythmias., Ronald Palmen, Mollie Walton, Jonathan B. Wagner
Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers
Flecainide acetate is a Class 1c anti-arrhythmic with a potent sodium voltage gated channel blockade which is utilized for the second-line treatment of tachyarrhythmias in children and adults. Given its narrow therapeutic index, the individualization of drug therapy is of utmost importance for clinicians. Despite efforts to improve anti-arrhythmic drug therapy, there remain knowledge gaps regarding the impact of variation in the genes relevant to flecainide's disposition and response. This variability is compounded in developing children whose drug disposition and response pathways may remain immature. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to outline flecainide's disposition and response pathways while …
Acknowledgment Of Reviewers_2024,
2024
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Acknowledgment Of Reviewers_2024
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
No abstract provided.
Alanine Supplementation Enhancing Cordycepin Production In Cordyceps Militaris Via Upregulation Of Cns2 And Cns3 Genes Expression Levels,
2024
Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Microbial Medicine Research, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science & Technology normal university, Nanchang 330013, Jiangxi, China
Alanine Supplementation Enhancing Cordycepin Production In Cordyceps Militaris Via Upregulation Of Cns2 And Cns3 Genes Expression Levels, Wenbin Yu, Zeying Zhao, Bin Zeng, Yayi Tu, Bin He
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Cordycepin, a key bioactive compound produced by Cordyceps militaris, faces the challenge of low productivity forcommercial use. In this study, alanine supplementation in Cordyceps militaris boosted cordycepin production, peakingat 3 mg/g with 12 g/L concentration. Transcriptome analysis revealed 1711 differentially expressed genes, Pathwayanalysis indicates that protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum was the most affected pathway. In addition, thetranscriptome showed that adenylosuccinate lyase is essential for the synthesis of cordycepin. The modulation of fourgenes (Cns1-4) points to a regulatory mechanism that could increase cordycepin biosynthesis, offering a strategy to overcome low productivity for commercial applications.
Cinnamic Acid Lowers Blood Pressure And Reversesvascular Endothelial Dysfunction In Rats,
2024
Cardiovascular Research Group: Department of Pharmacy, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, University Road, Abbottabad-22060, KP, Pakistan
Cinnamic Acid Lowers Blood Pressure And Reversesvascular Endothelial Dysfunction In Rats, Abdul Jabbar Shah, Hafiz Misbah-Ud-Din Qamar, Umme Salma, Taous Khan
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Cinnamic acid (CA) possesses important cardiovascular effects such as cardioprotective, antiatherogenic, anti-hyperlipidemic and antioxidant, which predicts its potential role in the treatment of hypertension. The study wasexecuted to investigate the antihypertensive potential of CA in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats followed by evaluation indiverse vascular preparations. Invasive blood pressure monitoring technique was used in normotensive and hyper-tensive rats, under anesthesia. Isolated aortic rings from rat and rabbit, Langendorrf's perfused isolated rabbit heart and guinea-pig right atria were used to probe the underlying mechanisms. The responses were recorded with pressure andforce transducers connected to PowerLab Data Acquisition System. Intravenous administration of CA …
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of Pembrolizumab With Chemotherapy For Metastatic Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer In Taiwan,
2024
Department of Pharmacy, Taipei Chang Gung Memorial Hospital of the CGMF, Taipei, Taiwan
Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Of Pembrolizumab With Chemotherapy For Metastatic Nonsquamous Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer In Taiwan, Wei-Ling Lee, Wan-Hsuan Chou, Wei-Pin Chang, Tsung-Wei Chang, Chun-Nan Kuo, Wei-Chiao Chang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This study was aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of pembrolizumab with chemotherapy (pembrolizumabcombination therapy) and compare it with standard-of-care platinum-based chemotherapy (chemotherapy alone) as a first-line treatment for metastatic nonsquamous NSCLC from the perspective of Taiwan's third-party-payer public health-care system. We used a partitioned survival model with an estimated time horizon of 10 years. The partitionedsurvival model uses KaplaneMeier estimates of progression-free and overall survival from the KEYNOTE-189 clinicaltrial. The quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) values were based on utility values by progression status calculated from theKEYNOTE-189 trial. This study examined costs related to treatment regimens, disease management, second-line therapy,end-of-life care, and …
Fluorescent “On–Off–On” Sensor Based On N, P Co-Doped Carbon Nanoparticles For Specific Detection Of Fe3+ And Ascorbic Acid,
2024
Zhenjiang College, Zhenjiang, 212000, PR China
Fluorescent “On–Off–On” Sensor Based On N, P Co-Doped Carbon Nanoparticles For Specific Detection Of Fe3+ And Ascorbic Acid, Li Li, Ming Zhang, Xiang Liu, Shaoqing Zhu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Ascorbic acid (AA) is used as a food additive for its antibacterial and antioxidant properties. However, excessive intake of AA is harmful to humans. Therefore, the detection of Fe3+ and AA is generally recognized to be meaningful. In this work, a one-step hydrothermal tactics is developed for the preparing nitrogen and phosphorus co-doped carbon nanoparticles (N, P-CNPs) by using sucrose and ammonium orthophosphate as raw materials. The N, P-CNPs not only exhibited an enhanced fluorescent efficiency with a relatively high quantum yield up to 28%, but also showed satisfactory stability, water solubility and photostability. The fluorescence of N, P-CNPs …
Aromatic Compounds And Organic Acids Identified From Ganoderma Formosanum Exhibit Synergistic Anti-Melanogenic Effects,
2024
Institute of Food Science Technology, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei, Taiwan. R.O.C.
Aromatic Compounds And Organic Acids Identified From Ganoderma Formosanum Exhibit Synergistic Anti-Melanogenic Effects, Chen-Che Hsieh, Chih-Yao Hou, Hsiao-Yun Lei, Darin Khumsupan, Huey-Jine Chai, Pek-Kui Lim, Cheng-Chih Hsu, Sz-Jie Wu, Kai-Wen Cheng, Yi-Chen Chen, Kuan-Chen Cheng
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This study reveals the anti-tyrosinase activity of Ganoderma formosanum extracts, pinpointing compounds including gluconic acid, mesalamine, L-pyroglutamic acid, esculetin, 5-hydroxyindole, and salicylic acid, as effective melanin production inhibitors in melanoma cells and zebrafish embryos. Furthermore, multiple molecular docking simulations provided insights into interactions between the identified compounds and tyrosinase, increasing binding affinity up to -16.36 kcal/mol. The enhanced binding of identified compounds to tyrosinase facilitated synergistic inhibitory effects on melanin production. This study highlights the potential of GFE-EA as a source of natural tyrosinase inhibitors and contributes to understanding the role of active compounds extracted from G. formosanum.
Bio-Inspired Chitosan/Polydopamine-Nanoparticle Based Sorbent Bead: A Versatile Platform For Separation And Hplc Analysis Of Tetracycline Antibiotics From Various Sample Matrix,
2024
Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Bio-Inspired Chitosan/Polydopamine-Nanoparticle Based Sorbent Bead: A Versatile Platform For Separation And Hplc Analysis Of Tetracycline Antibiotics From Various Sample Matrix, Emmanuvel Arputharaj, Yu-Hui Huang, Shivangi Singh, Chen-Han Zhuang, Kuei-Ying Lin, Sri Sudewi, You-Rong Wu, Yeou-Lih Huang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This study introduces an innovative bio-based sorbent bead crafted by integrating chitosan (CS) biopolymers, Fe(NO3)3 and polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) via glutaraldehyde crosslinking. The primary focus of this study was the concurrent separation of diverse tetracycline antibiotics (TCs), followed by rigorous reversed-phase liquid chromatography analysis. The fabricated CS/Fe@PDA sorbent beads were comprehensively characterized using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, revealing a surface rich in active carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) moieties. The proposed method demonstrated substantial analytical robustness, enabling the sorbent bead to detect low concentrations of TCs, with limit of detection values …
Bitter Acids From Humulus Lupulus L. Alleviate D-Galactose Induced Osteoblastic Senescence And Bone Loss Via Regulating Akt/Mtor-Mediated Autophagy,
2024
School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
Bitter Acids From Humulus Lupulus L. Alleviate D-Galactose Induced Osteoblastic Senescence And Bone Loss Via Regulating Akt/Mtor-Mediated Autophagy, Tian-Shuang Xia, Sheng-Yan Xu, Li-Yong Lai, Yi-Ping Jiang, Na-Ni Wang, Hai-Liang Xin
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Bitter acids (BA) are main component of Humulus lupulus L. (hops). They are known for beer brewing and have various biological and pharmacological properties, especially the bone-protective effect confirmed by our previous in vivo study. Here we aimed to elucidate the anti-senior osteoporosis (SOP) effect of BA on osteoblasts and explore its underlying mechanism. In vitro SOP model was established by D-galactose (D-gal) injured osteoblasts, and the bone formation markers and apoptosis level were measured. mCherry-EGFP-LC3 adenovirus infection and autophagic markers including beclin1 and LC3 proteins were detected to investigate the autophagy level in osteoblasts. To further verify whether BA …
Development And Industrial Application Of Geographical Origin Identification For Taiwanese Oolong Tea,
2024
Tea and Beverage Research Station (TBRS), No.324, Chung-Hsing RD., Yangmei, Taoyuan City 326011, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Development And Industrial Application Of Geographical Origin Identification For Taiwanese Oolong Tea, Tien-Lin Liu, Jia-Ru Dai, Tsung-Chen Su, Chun-Huo Chiu, Hsien-Tsung Tsai, Chui-Feng Chiu, Jin-Chih Lin, Chih-Yi Hu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Taiwanese oolong tea is renowned for its excellent quality and enjoys a prestigious reputation both domestically and internationally. In recent years, there has been an issue with imported Taiwanese-style oolong tea being sold as genuine Taiwanese oolong tea, which has adversely affected the brand value of Taiwanese oolong tea. In this study, samples of domestic oolong tea (Taiwanese oolong tea) and Taiwanese-style oolong tea produced abroad (including China, Vietnam, Indonesia, Thailand, etc.) were collected. A multi-elements analysis method was applied to establish an elemental database of tea leaf samples. Subsequently, various widely used classification methods were employed to develop a …
The Effects Of Fermentation By Different Species Oflactic Acid Bacteria On Betalains And Polyphenol Profile And In Vitro Bioactive Potential Of Red Beetroot Juice,
2024
Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Słoneczna 45F, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
The Effects Of Fermentation By Different Species Oflactic Acid Bacteria On Betalains And Polyphenol Profile And In Vitro Bioactive Potential Of Red Beetroot Juice, Tomasz Sawicki, Monika Jabłońska, Małgorzata Starowicz, Lucyna Kłębukowska, Wioletta Błaszczak
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
In the current study, the effects of fermentation by Lactobacillus acidophilus, Levilactobacillus brevis or Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (La/Lb/Lp, 1-2.5%) and incubation (30/37℃, C1/C2) of red beetroot juice on the profile of betalains and polyphenols (UHPLC-DAD-MS), and antioxidant capacity using photochemiluminescence (PCL) and spectrophotometric assays (DPPH/ABTS) was investigated. Additionally, anti-glycaemic (anti-AGEs) and anti-cholinergic (anti-AChE) potential in vitro was analysed. Fermentation distinctly initiated isobetanin and neobetaninformation and enhanced flavonoid concentration, emphasising rutin, kaempferol and (+)-catechin. The fermented juices inhibited protein glycation in the BSA-GLU model and showed high DPPH and ABTS values. LP2.5% juice was the only one indicating anti-AChE potential.
Determination And Validation Of Polycyclic Aromatichydrocarbons (Pah4) In Katsuobushi, Plant-Basedfood Supplements, And Cocoa Bean Shells Using Gc-Ms/Ms,
2024
Division of Research and Analysis, Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, No.161-2, Kunyang St, Nangang District, Taipei City 11561, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Determination And Validation Of Polycyclic Aromatichydrocarbons (Pah4) In Katsuobushi, Plant-Basedfood Supplements, And Cocoa Bean Shells Using Gc-Ms/Ms, Chia-Hsin Liu, Yu-Ning Shin, Ya-Chun Chou, Guan-Jhih Peng, Ying-Ru Shen, Nu-Ching Lin, Shu-Han Chang, Ya-Min Kao, Su-Hsiang Tseng, Der-Yuan Wang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are primarily generated through the incomplete combustion or pyrolysis oforganic materials in various industrial processes. Foods may become contaminated with environmental PAHs found inair, soil, or water, or through industrial food processing methods such as smoking, roasting, drying, and grilling. The Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan has established maximum levels for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and indicativevalues for BaP as well as PAH4 (the sum of benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene) infoods as operational guidelines. The current study developed an analytical method for simultaneous determination of PAH4 levels in katsuobushi (dried bonito flakes), cocoa bean shells, …
A Novel Selective Medium For Isolation Of Limosilactobacillus Reuteri From Dietary Supplements,
2024
Division of Research and Analysis, Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taipei, Taiwan
A Novel Selective Medium For Isolation Of Limosilactobacillus Reuteri From Dietary Supplements, Yu-Ting Wang, Jyue-Wei Chuang, Ming-Sian Wu, Min-Cheng Wang, Yu-Cheng Yang, Jun-Jie Yang, Shih-Ting Chiou, Chun-Hsien Li, Che-Yang Lin, Shou-Chieh Huang, Su-Hsiang Tseng, Der-Yuan Wang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Limosilactobacillus reuteri is a probiotic bacterium known for its numerous beneficial effects on human health and is commonly utilized in various dietary supplements. Previously, we encountered difficulties in isolating L. reuteri from retail dietary supplements containing complex probiotic compositions by using non-selective media such as de Man, Rogosa, and Sharpe (MRS) agar. Our findings reveal that MRS agar using D-gluconic acid as the carbon source and peptone from soymeal as the nitrogen source provid a growth advantage for L. reuteri. Furthermore, all the tested L. reuteri strains exhibit higher resistance to oxacillin compared to non-L. reuteri strains and …
