Atrazine In Maternal Drinking Water Supply Below The Federal Maximum Contaminant Level And Risk Of Preterm Birth, Small For Gestational Age, Cryptorchidism And Hypospadias,
2014
University at Albany, State University of New York
Atrazine In Maternal Drinking Water Supply Below The Federal Maximum Contaminant Level And Risk Of Preterm Birth, Small For Gestational Age, Cryptorchidism And Hypospadias, Daniel Rice
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
The prevalence of preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), and hypospadias has been increasing for several decades in the U.S resulting in significant morbidity and mortality and direct costs to society. Drinking water provides a mechanism for prolonged chronic exposure to environmental contaminants but is one of the least assessed environmental exposures in pregnancy and birth outcomes. To test the hypothesis that maternal exposure to atrazine through drinking water during pregnancy, or one or more trimesters of gestation, is associated with an increased risk of preterm birth, small for gestational age, cryptorchidism and hypospadias a retrospective cohort study was …
Exposure Assessment And Risk Management Of Engineered Nanoparticles : Investigation In Semiconductor Wafer Processing,
2014
University at Albany, State University of New York
Exposure Assessment And Risk Management Of Engineered Nanoparticles : Investigation In Semiconductor Wafer Processing, Michele Shepard
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are currently used in hundreds of commercial products and industrial processes, with more applications being investigated. Nanomaterials have unique properties that differ from bulk materials. While these properties may enable technological advancements, the potential risks of ENMs to people and the environment are not yet fully understood. Certain low solubility nanoparticles are more toxic than their bulk material, such that existing occupational exposure limits may not be sufficiently protective for workers. Risk assessments are currently challenging due to gaps in data on the numerous emerging materials and applications as well as method uncertainties and limitations.
Sleep Duration And Diabetes In An Adult Population Of Rural Upstate New York,
2014
University at Albany, State University of New York
Sleep Duration And Diabetes In An Adult Population Of Rural Upstate New York, Tarak Shrestha
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Introduction: Within the past five decades, there has been a rapid increase in the number of diabetic cases in the US. The number of diabetic cases increased from 1.5 million in 1959 to 25.8 million in 2011. Around the same time period, the average sleep duration per night decreased from 8 hours to 6.9 hours.
Perfluorinated Compounds, Thyroid Function, And Neuropsychological Status In Older Residents Of Upper Hudson River Communities,
2014
University at Albany, State University of New York
Perfluorinated Compounds, Thyroid Function, And Neuropsychological Status In Older Residents Of Upper Hudson River Communities, Srishti Shrestha
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) are widespread in the environment. Minimal data exist regarding the neurotoxicity and thyroid disruptive property of PFCs in aging populations and the possible mediating effects of thyroid hormones (THs). In this study, we assessed associations among PFCs, thyroid function, and neuropsychological status, and determined if the neurotoxic effects of PFCs are mediated by changes in THs in an aging population. We measured perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), total thyroxine (T4), free T4 (fT4), and total triiodothyronine (T3) in serum and performed neuropsychological tests in men and women aged 55-74 years and living …
Symbiotic Associations Between Vibrio Cholerae And Copepods And Their Potential Public Health Impact,
2014
University at Albany, State University of New York
Symbiotic Associations Between Vibrio Cholerae And Copepods And Their Potential Public Health Impact, Gretchen Boria Pérez
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Vibrio cholerae O1 concentrate in copepods by attaching to their chitinous exoskeleton and gut, making these planktonic crustaceans participants in the spread of cholera in marine and estuarine environments. The role of the symbiosis in the spread of gastrointestinal disease caused by non-O1 serotypes has not been well-studied in fresh water systems. The goal of these studies was to determine whether symbiotic association of V. cholerae with copepods affects virulence of hemolysin/cytolysin toxin, suspected in V. cholerae non-O1 related morbidity. The reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate the relative transcriptional response of hlyA, encoding hemolysin, by a non-O1 strain …
Military Contamination And Persistent Organochlorine Pesticide Exposure Among Alaska Natives,
2014
University at Albany, State University of New York
Military Contamination And Persistent Organochlorine Pesticide Exposure Among Alaska Natives, Samuel Byrne
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
St. Lawrence Island Alaska is located in the Bering Sea, only 36 miles from Siberia. The island is home to approximately 1600 Siberian Yupik residents, who rely heavily on subsistence hunting and gathering. There are two formerly used defense (FUD) sites on the island, one of which has been the subject of an approximate $110 million cleanup effort. Environmental monitoring suggests localized soil and watershed contamination with PCBs, organochlorine pesticides and heavy metals. Previous research suggests the site may be a source of PCB exposure for local residents. The primary aim of the study was to determine whether subsistence activities …
Study Of Protective Role Of Cytochrome P450s In Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using Cprlow Mouse Model,
2014
University at Albany, State University of New York
Study Of Protective Role Of Cytochrome P450s In Inflammatory Bowel Disease Using Cprlow Mouse Model, Xiaoyu Fan
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are potent regulatory factors for inflammation. The synthesis of GCs involves several cytochrome P450 enzymes, such as mitochondrial CYP11A1, CYP11B1, and microsomal CYP21. Previous studies have indicated that the GCs, including those released from adrenal glands, and those synthesized in extra-adrenal tissues, such as intestine, exert inhibitory effects on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In a previous study using an intestinal epithelium (IE)-specific P450 reductase (CPR) knockout (IE-Cpr-null) mouse model, the results suggested that the intestinal P450s had a protective role in DSS-induced acute colitis. In this study, using a hypomorphic CPR mouse model (Cprlow), which presents a global …
Improving The Microbial Source Tracking Toolbox : Evaluating The Use Of Selective Enrichments And Artificial Sweeteners In A Multi-Tiered Approach,
2014
University at Albany, State University of New York
Improving The Microbial Source Tracking Toolbox : Evaluating The Use Of Selective Enrichments And Artificial Sweeteners In A Multi-Tiered Approach, Stacey A. Helming
Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)
Microbial contamination of surface waters is a public health concern world-wide, with non-point source fecal input contributing to millions of cases of waterborne illness annually. Numerous techniques have been proposed to monitor for non-point source fecal contamination, but few studies have explored the correlation of multiple chemical and microbial fecal source tracking markers in ambient waters. Therefore, the purpose of these studies was to evaluate the use of multiple "ideal" markers of fecal contamination and improve upon any analytical techniques required to identify species-specific fecal contamination in surface waters. The use of selective enrichments to improve the sensitivity of end-point …
Federal V. State Effectiveness: An Analysis Of The Endangered Species Act And Current Potential Attempts At Reform,
2014
Pepperdine University
Federal V. State Effectiveness: An Analysis Of The Endangered Species Act And Current Potential Attempts At Reform, Nicholas Primo
Pepperdine Policy Review
In November 2013, several Congressional leaders drafted a new bill to reform the Endangered Species Act of 1973 (ESA). While the Endangered Species Management Self-Determination Act (ESMSDA) was the first major attempt at updating the crucial U.S. environmental policy in decades, it also inflamed environmentalist defenders of the original bill. More importantly, it raised several questions as to whether state or federal-oriented approaches to endangered species protection and environmental policy more broadly is ultimately more effective. This article analyzes the original 1973 ESA, followed by an analysis of the ESMSDA currently being considered. It will discuss the various strengths and …
Valorisation Of The Cider And Brewing Industry By-Products As Nutraceutical Ingredients,
2014
Technological University Dublin
Valorisation Of The Cider And Brewing Industry By-Products As Nutraceutical Ingredients, Sofia Reis
Doctoral
By-products from the cider and brewing industries, including apple pomace (AP) and brewer’s spent grain (BSG) respectively, constitute major environmental problems due to the large quantities produced every year. They are sources of valuable compounds such as protein, fibre, essential fatty acids, phenolic compounds and minerals, some of them with antioxidant and prebiotic properties. Their high nutritional value leads to their potential use as human food products and several applications have been considered recently. The aims of this work include i) the nutritional and compositional characterisation of AP, BSG and final extruded and baked prototypes containing these by-products and ii) …
Addressing Public Health Risks Of Persistent Pollutants Through Nutritional Modulation And Biomimetic Nanocomposite Remediation Platforms,
2014
University of Kentucky
Addressing Public Health Risks Of Persistent Pollutants Through Nutritional Modulation And Biomimetic Nanocomposite Remediation Platforms, Bradley J. Newsome
Theses and Dissertations--Chemistry
Due to their relative chemical stability and ubiquity in the environment, chlorinated organic contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) pose significant health risks and enduring remediation challenges. Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) provide a novel platform for sensing/remediation of these toxicants, in addition to the growing use of NPs in many industrial and biomedical applications, but there remains concern for their potential long-term health effects. Research highlighted herein also represents a transdisciplinary approach to address human health challenges associated with exposure to PCBs and NPs. The objectives of this dissertation research are two-fold, 1) to develop effective methods for capture/sensing and remediation …
The Role Of Surface Chemistry In The Toxicity Of Manufactured Cerium Dioxide Nanomaterials To Caenorhabditis Elegans,
2014
University of Kentucky
The Role Of Surface Chemistry In The Toxicity Of Manufactured Cerium Dioxide Nanomaterials To Caenorhabditis Elegans, Emily Kay Oostveen
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
Manufactured CeO2 nanomaterials (CeO2-MNMs) are used for a wide variety of applications including diesel fuel additives and chemical/mechanical planarization media. To test the effects of CeO2-MNM surface coating charge on to model organism Caenorhabditis elegans, we synthesized 4 nm CeO2 with cationic (DEAE-), anionic (CM-), and neutral (DEX) coatings. In L3 nematodes exposed for 24 hours, DEAE-CeO2 induced lethality at lower concentrations than CM- or DEX-CeO2. Feeding slightly decreased CeO2 toxicity, regardless of coating. In L2 nematodes exposed for 48 hours with feeding, DEAE-CeO2 caused lethality at the …
The Imperative Of Conserving California's Foothill Oak Woodlands,
2013
California Polytechnic State University - San Luis Obispo
The Imperative Of Conserving California's Foothill Oak Woodlands, Lauren Phillips
Social Sciences
No abstract provided.
The Eps Matrix As An Adaptive Bastion For Biofilms: Introduction To Special Issue,
2013
University of South Carolina - Columbia
The Eps Matrix As An Adaptive Bastion For Biofilms: Introduction To Special Issue, Alan Decho
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
The Eps Matrix As An Adaptive Bastion For Biofilms: Introduction To Special Issue,
2013
University of South Carolina - Columbia
The Eps Matrix As An Adaptive Bastion For Biofilms: Introduction To Special Issue, Alan W. Decho
Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Recreational Angler Perspectives Of Nonnative Fish Species And Mercury Advisories,
2013
Florida International University
Recreational Angler Perspectives Of Nonnative Fish Species And Mercury Advisories, Christopher J. Edwards
FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The central Everglades serve as a Wildlife Management Area and as a Water Conservation Area for the Miami-Fort Lauderdale metropolitan area. It is also home to over 22 nonnative freshwater fish species and carries restrictive fish consumption guidelines for Mercury. In my study, boat anglers and canal bank anglers were personally interviewed in the field, to research their awareness and perspectives of these potential environmental and health threats. The study found 78% of anglers were aware of the presence of nonnative fish species, but favored native fish species, and that 69% were aware of mercury advisories, but did not eat …
Wash Education: Need For More Than Water Treatment For Floating Villages In Cambodia,
2013
Bridgewater State University
Wash Education: Need For More Than Water Treatment For Floating Villages In Cambodia, Kevin Curry
2013 New England Association for Asian Studies Conference
Point of use (POU) water treatment systems are widely used around the world to provide microbiologically safe drinking water in developing countries. Work done in Cambodia by Brown et al. (2007) and Liang et al. (2010) have documented ceramic and biosand filters as cost effective point of use treatment systems capable of removing over 95% E. coli bacteria when properly used and maintained. Bridgewater State University and Water for Cambodia (WfC) explored using BioSand filters (BSF) to provide microbiologically safe drinking water for people in the Moat Khla floating village on the Tonle Sap Lake in Siem Reap Province. All …
Accommodations For Patients With Disabilities In Primary Care: A Mixed Methods Study Of Practice Administrators,
2013
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Accommodations For Patients With Disabilities In Primary Care: A Mixed Methods Study Of Practice Administrators, Jennifer Renee Pharr
Environmental & Occupational Health Faculty Publications
Structural barriers that limit access to health care services for people with disabilities have been identified through qualitative studies; however, little is known about how patients with disabilities are accommodated in the clinical setting when a structural barrier is encountered. The purpose of this study was to identify how primary care medical practices in the United States accommodated people with disabilities when a barrier to service is encountered. Primary care practice administrators from the medical management organization were identified through the organization’s website. Sixty-three administrators from across the US participated in this study. Practice administrators reported that patients were examined …
Iraqi Birth Defects And The Who Report,
2013
Independent toxicologist
Iraqi Birth Defects And The Who Report, Mozhgan Savabieasfahani
Class, Race and Corporate Power
Since the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, epidemics of birth defects and cancers are rising in many Iraqi cities. In 2012, the World Health Organization (WHO) and the Iraqi Ministry of Health (MoH) undertook a large-scale epidemiological study to determine the prevalence of birth defects in the Iraqi population. A report which appeared on the WHO website in September 2013, claims that "The rates for spontaneous abortion, stillbirths and congenital birth defects found in the [Iraq] study are consistent with or even lower than international estimates." This article discusses the severe shortcomings of this report and questions its …
West Coast Rock Lobster Fishery Ecological Risk Assessment 20 February 2013,
2013
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development, Western Australia
West Coast Rock Lobster Fishery Ecological Risk Assessment 20 February 2013, Department Of Fisheries
Fisheries occasional publications
No abstract provided.
