Water Resource Change And Management: Implications Of Climate Change And Water Resource Management For Pastoral Herders In Bayan Ulgii,
2016
SIT Study Abroad
Water Resource Change And Management: Implications Of Climate Change And Water Resource Management For Pastoral Herders In Bayan Ulgii, Rachel Ryan
Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection
Mongolia is the 8th most vulnerable country in the world to climate change. The water regime of Mongolia is therefore experiencing intensive change with significant effects in the availability, distribution, and security of water resources. The implications of this change are exacerbated when aligned with poor water resource management, an issue that is prevalent as water regime change challenges current water management systems. These implications specifically affect the vulnerable rural population of Mongolian herders who maintain the practice of nomadic pastoralism. In the western province of Bayan Ulgii, the change in the numerous glaciers and other water resources that are …
Adopters And Non-Adopters Of Low-Cost Household Latrines: A Study Of Corbelled Pit Latrines In 15 Districts Of Malawi.,
2016
University of Louisville
Adopters And Non-Adopters Of Low-Cost Household Latrines: A Study Of Corbelled Pit Latrines In 15 Districts Of Malawi., Rochelle Holm, Mavuto Tembo, Dalo Njera, Victor Kasulo, Mphatso Malota, Willy Chipeta, Wales Singini, Joshua Mchenga
Faculty and Staff Scholarship
The Sustainable Development Goals will challenge low- and middle-income settings to look at new approaches for rural sanitation. In 2013, Mzuzu University, in partnership with United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Malawi, started a low-cost latrine program in rural areas using the corbelled latrine design supported by locally owned sustainable businesses. The objective of this work was to trace customers (early household adopters) and non-customers through field observations and interviews in 15 districts of Malawi. The research team spent 193 personnel work days in data collection and found 21 households as adopters in 7 districts. Most respondents had a preference with …
Rickettsiologist Pavel F. Zdrodovskii: Larger Than Life, And Not Just For His Famous Book,
2016
Georgia Southern University
Rickettsiologist Pavel F. Zdrodovskii: Larger Than Life, And Not Just For His Famous Book, Marina E. Eremeeva, S. N. Shpynov, I. V. Tarasevich
Environmental Health Sciences: Faculty Publications
This article highlights the biography and scientific accomplishments of Pavel F. Zdrodovskii and his contributions to understanding the biology, pathogenesis, treatment, prevention and epidemiology of brucellosis, rickettsioses and many other infectious diseases.
Comparative Genomics Of 9 Novel Paenibacillus Larvae Bacteriophages,
2016
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Comparative Genomics Of 9 Novel Paenibacillus Larvae Bacteriophages, Casey Stamereilers, Lucy Leblanc, Diane Yost, Penny S. Amy, Philippos K. Tsourkas
Life Sciences Faculty Research
American Foulbrood Disease, caused by the bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, is one of the most destructive diseases of the honeybee, Apis mellifera. Our group recently published the sequences of 9 new phages with the ability to infect and lyse P. larvae. Here, we characterize the genomes of these P. larvae phages, compare them to each other and to other sequenced P. larvae phages, and putatively identify protein function. The phage genomes are 38–45 kb in size and contain 68–86 genes, most of which appear to be unique to P. larvae phages. We classify P. larvae phages into 2 main clusters and …
Air Pollution, Pulmonary Oxidative Stress, And The Endothelin System In The Development Of Cardiovascular Injury.,
2016
University of Louisville
Air Pollution, Pulmonary Oxidative Stress, And The Endothelin System In The Development Of Cardiovascular Injury., Jordan B. Finch
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The goal of this project was to examine the role of endothelin-1 (ET-1) as a mediator in the pathway between air pollution exposure and the development of vascular injury. A human cohort and male mice (C57BL/6 and ecSOD-Tg) were used to evaluate changes in the ET-1 system in response to exposures of fine particulate matter (PM2.5). Human ET-1 levels were significantly associated with environmental factors and markers of vascular change, but were decreased with increased PM2.5. No association was seen between ET-1 and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) except for EPC-4, possibly indicating a regulatory relationship with this specific population. In …
X-Ray Fluorescence For Quantification Of Lead And Strontium In Vivo,
2016
Purdue University
X-Ray Fluorescence For Quantification Of Lead And Strontium In Vivo, Aaron James Specht
Open Access Dissertations
Lead (Pb) is a toxicant well known for its effects on almost every organ system in the body. Pb use in industry has declined since removal of Pb from gasoline, but many developing countries still have significant use of Pb. Exposure to Pb has been linked with diseases causing neurodegeneration and thus have lasting effects long after the initial exposure. Another metal, strontium (Sr), has been linked with bone disease in particular situations and shown to have uses in treating osteoporosis as a supplement. However, there are no studies of the effects of Sr using a meaningful biomarker. The most …
Improving The Roadside Environment Through Integrating Air Quality And Traffic-Related Data,
2016
Portland State University
Improving The Roadside Environment Through Integrating Air Quality And Traffic-Related Data, Christine M. Kendrick
Dissertations and Theses
Urban arterial corridors are landscapes that give rise to short and long-term exposures to transportation-related pollution. With high traffic volumes, congestion, and a wide mix of road users and land uses at the road edge, urban arterial environments are important targets for improved exposure assessment to traffic-related pollution. Applying transportation management strategies to reduce emissions along arterial corridors could be enhanced if the ability to quantify and evaluate such actions was improved. However, arterial roadsides are under-sampled in terms of air pollution measurements in the United States and using observational data to assess such effects has many challenges such as …
Assessment Of Concentrations Of Trace And Toxic Heavy Metals In Soil And Vegetables Grown In The Vicinity Of Manyoni Uranium Depositin Tanzania,
2016
1Dar es Salaam University College of Education, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
Assessment Of Concentrations Of Trace And Toxic Heavy Metals In Soil And Vegetables Grown In The Vicinity Of Manyoni Uranium Depositin Tanzania, F.A. Kapile, In Makundi
Tanzania Journal of Science
This study reports on determination of concentrations of trace and toxic heavy metals in soil and vegetables grown near of Manyoni uranium deposit. Soil and vegetable samples were collected from five sites namely Mitoo Mbuga, farming area, Miyomboni, Tambukareli and near water pump. The concentrations of heavy metals in soil and edible vegetables samples were analyzed using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (EDXRF).All vegetable samples were found to have higher concentrations (in μg/g) of trace elements such as Ni (67.3) in pea leaves, Cu (14.9) in pumpkin leaves, Fe (478.6), (200.5) and (337.1) in pea, pumpkin and spinach leaves respectively, …
Achieving The Sustainable Development Goals: A Case Study Of The Complexity Of Water Quality Health Risks In Malawi.,
2016
University of Louisville
Achieving The Sustainable Development Goals: A Case Study Of The Complexity Of Water Quality Health Risks In Malawi., Rochelle Holm, Philip Wandschneider, Allan Felsot, Golden Msilimba
Faculty and Staff Scholarship
RESULTS: The water quality data and human dimension questionnaire results were used to develop a household risk presentation. Sixty-seven percent and 50 % of well water and household drinking water samples, respectively, exceeded the WHO health guideline of zero detections of E. coli. Technology transfer was advanced by providing knowledge through household risk debriefing/education, establishing a water quality laboratory at the local university, and providing training to local technicians.
Access To Groundwater And Link To The Impact On Quality Of Life: A Look At The Past, Present And Future Public Health Needs In Mzimba District, Malawi.,
2016
Mzuzu University
Access To Groundwater And Link To The Impact On Quality Of Life: A Look At The Past, Present And Future Public Health Needs In Mzimba District, Malawi., R. C.G. Chidya, R. H. Holm, M. Tembo, B. Cole, P. Workneh, J. Kanyama
Faculty and Staff Scholarship
Imagine a world where you have to get up at 4am to walk for two hours in the dark to fetch water. This remains true in Malawi, where it is said that the Millennium Development Goals have been met. This research aimed at understanding the impact access to groundwater has on people's ‘Being’, ‘Belonging’ and ‘Becoming,’ as well as on people's capabilities and on their quality of life in Mzimba District, Malawi. Being, Belonging and Becoming define three life domains. Being reveals ‘who one is,’ Belonging reflects ‘connections with one's environments’ and Becoming relates to ‘achieving personal goals, hopes and …
Omics As Therapeutic Platform: Environmental Factors To Parkinson's Disease,
2016
New York Medical College
Omics As Therapeutic Platform: Environmental Factors To Parkinson's Disease, Hong-Duck Kim, Shana Warner, Kamini Singh, Jae-Hyeon Cho, Diane E. Heck
NYMC Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Aflatoxin-Exposure Of Vibrio Gazogenes As A Novel System For The Generation Of Aflatoxin Synthesis Inhibitors,
2016
University of South Carolina - Columbia
Aflatoxin-Exposure Of Vibrio Gazogenes As A Novel System For The Generation Of Aflatoxin Synthesis Inhibitors, Phani M. Gummadidala, Yung Pin Chen, Kevin R. Beauchesne, Kristen P. Miller, Chandrani Mitra, Michelle Velez-Martinez, Peter D. R. Moeller, John L. Ferry, Alan W. Decho, Anindya Chanda
Faculty Publications
Aflatoxin is a mycotoxin and a secondary metabolite, and the most potent known liver carcinogen that contaminates several important crops, and represents a significant threat to public health and the economy. Available approaches reported thus far have been insufficient to eliminate this threat, and therefore provide the rational to explore novel methods for preventing aflatoxin accumulation in the environment. Many terrestrial plants and microbes that share ecological niches and encounter the aflatoxin producers have the ability to synthesize compounds that inhibit aflatoxin synthesis. However, reports of natural aflatoxin inhibitors from marine ecosystem components that do not share ecological niches with …
4,4’-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (Ddt) And 4,4’-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (Dde) Promote Adipogenesis In 3tl1 Adipocyte Cell Culture,
2016
Southern Illinois University Edwardsville
4,4’-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (Ddt) And 4,4’-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (Dde) Promote Adipogenesis In 3tl1 Adipocyte Cell Culture, J Kim, Q Sun, Y Yue, Kyong-Sup Yoon, K -Y Whang, J M. Clark, Y Park
SIUE Faculty Research, Scholarship, and Creative Activity
4,4’-Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), a chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticide, was extensively used in the 1940s and 1950s. DDT is mainly metabolically converted into 4,4’- dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE). Even though most countries banned DDT in the 1970s, due to the highly lipophilic nature and very stable characteristics, DDT and its metabolites are present ubiquitously in the environment, including food. Recently, there are publications on relationships between exposure to insecticides, including DDT and DDE, and weight gain and altered glucose homeostasis. However, there are limited reports regarding DDT or DDE and adipogenesis, thus we investigated effects of DDT and DDE on adipogenesis using 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Treatment …
Policy Options To Mitigate Cigarette Filter Litter In California,
2016
The University of San Francisco
Policy Options To Mitigate Cigarette Filter Litter In California, Max Wechsler
Master's Projects and Capstones
Approximately 16.2 billion cellulose acetate cigarette filters are littered in California annually. Cigarette filter litter (CFL) creates an annual financial burden of over $1.27 billion for California. CFL also poses unquantifiable damages to human and environmental health in the form of ingestion, toxicity, formation into microplastics, and quality of life degradation. These costs and damages warrant the adoption of policy measures in order to mitigate CFL. Cigarette taxes and fees raise government revenue, but they are politically challenging due to California Proposition 26. Locational smoking bans encourage anti-smoking cultural norms and may decrease consumption, although indoor smoking bans may increase …
Water Quality And Fecal Coliform Levels In Georgia Oxbow Lakes Relative To Connectivity With The Savannah River,
2016
The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina
Water Quality And Fecal Coliform Levels In Georgia Oxbow Lakes Relative To Connectivity With The Savannah River, Carly B. Williams, John E. Weinstein, Claudia L. Rocha
Georgia Journal of Science
The state of Georgia has many bodies of water that provide important wildlife habitats as well as recreational opportunities. The objective of the current study was to investigate water quality and fecal coliform levels in oxbow lakes relative to their connectivity to the Savannah River. For most water quality parameters, no differences were observed between the Savannah River and the oxbow lakes. However, pH and turbidity values were lower in the oxbow lakes (both connected and disconnected) relative to the Savannah River. Fecal coliform values between connected oxbow lakes and the Savannah River were similar to each other and significantly …
What You Ignore At Work May Harm You: The Effects Of Light, Design, And Nature,
2016
Butler University
What You Ignore At Work May Harm You: The Effects Of Light, Design, And Nature, Shelby L. Beutel
BU Well
This paper looks into the effects of light, design, and nature on employees by incorporating environmental health and environmental design research into useful suggestions for the employee and the employer. The “fit” between a user and their work space has been elaborated on in recent years, and it has been shown that insufficient lighting can cause poor fit and consequential draining of energy and productivity. In the healthcare setting, medication errors have been linked to the amount of lighting within a hospital and to the variable amount of daylight throughout the year. While there is not a quick and easy …
Impacts From The Use Of Antibiotics In Livestock: Methods Of Transmission Of Antibiotic Resistance From Livestock To Humans,
2016
Augustana College, Rock Island Illinois
Impacts From The Use Of Antibiotics In Livestock: Methods Of Transmission Of Antibiotic Resistance From Livestock To Humans, Kristin M. Walden
Biology: Student Scholarship & Creative Works
Antibiotic use in livestock production has been around since the 1950s. Antibiotic feed is used in livestock and other meat producing animals for three reasons: illness prevention, illness treatment, and growth promotion. Unfortunately, since the time that antibiotics were first invented, antibiotic resistant bacteria have become a threat to public health. There are many studies showing methods of transmission of antibiotic resistance from livestock to humans. Antibiotic resistance can spread from livestock to soil, water, insects, and food, which ultimately comes into contact with humans. A proposed study to measure antibiotic resistance when eliminating antibiotic feed will provide a hypothesis …
The Ecorep Program At The University Of South Carolina: How To Engage Students In On-Campus Environmental Activities,
2016
University of South Carolina - Columbia
The Ecorep Program At The University Of South Carolina: How To Engage Students In On-Campus Environmental Activities, Veronica Dorothy Farrell
Senior Theses
This senior thesis focused on determining how much the undergraduate student population is aware about current environmental problems, their impression of them, and how they act accordingly. In addition, through completion of this thesis I hoped to understand what motivates students to participate in events on campus in order to more effectively increase awareness or sustainable behaviors. Specific interest was placed on the students at the University of South Carolina. I oriented this research for one environmental organization at the University of South Carolina in particular, known as EcoReps. EcoReps are peer leaders that strive to educate students about environmental …
Plastic Pollution And The Global Throwaway Culture: Environmental Injustices Of Single-Use Plastic,
2016
Salve Regina University
Plastic Pollution And The Global Throwaway Culture: Environmental Injustices Of Single-Use Plastic, Kristin L. Mcdermott
ENV 434 Environmental Justice
The global throwaway culture has created a cross-ecosystem plastic pollution injustice. The first to suffer this injustice will be the most vulnerable. Our oceans have become our dumpsters. The throwaway culture has created a disrespect of material goods that has turned the earth’s resources into rubbish after a single use. Eighty percent of the yearly 8 million tons of plastic that enter the ocean is single use plastic, such as plastic bottles, plastic shopping bags, or cigarette lighters.[1] Plastic has destroyed ecosystems, robbing impoverished communities of natural resources and of a healthy and safe living environment. First to suffer …
A Qualitative Study Of Barriers To Accessing Water, Sanitation And Hygiene For Disabled People In Malawi.,
2016
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
A Qualitative Study Of Barriers To Accessing Water, Sanitation And Hygiene For Disabled People In Malawi., Sian White, Hannah Kuper, Ambumulire Itimu-Phiri, Rochelle Holm, Adam Biran
Faculty and Staff Scholarship
Globally, millions of people lack access to improved water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Disabled people, disadvantaged both physically and socially, are likely to be among those facing the greatest inequities in WASH access. This study explores the WASH priorities of disabled people and uses the social model of disability and the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) framework to look at the relationships between impairments, contextual factors and barriers to WASH access. 36 disabled people and 15 carers from urban and rural Malawi were purposively selected through key informants. The study employed a range of …
