Kinesiology Commons^™

Energy Expenditure And Enjoyment Of Active Television Viewing, Lori A. Portzer, Renee J. Rogers, Bethany Barone Gibbs, Andrea L. Hergenroeder, Amy D. Rickman, John M. Jakicic

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 64-76, 2016. This study examined energy expenditure and enjoyment during sedentary television viewing (SED-TV), stepping in place during television commercials (COMM-TV), and physical activity prompted by common character phrases/mannerisms within a television program (PA-TV). Adults (N=38, age: 27.0±8.0 years, BMI: 25.4±4.2 kg/m2) completed three 30-minute sessions in random order: SED-TV, COMM-TV, and PA-TV. Energy expenditure and heart rate were assessed during each session. Enjoyment was assessed after the initial experimental session and at completion of the study. Energy expenditure was greater in the active versus sedentary sessions (COMM-TV vs SED-TV: difference = 32.7±1.9 kcal, …

The Relationship Between Aerobic Capacity And Bone Health In Young Women, Brittany R. Masteller, Curt B. Dixon, Eric S. Rawson, Joseph L. Andreacci

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 56-63, 2016. The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the relationship between maximal oxygen consumption (VO₂max) and bone health in young women. Eighty-three participants (age=21.0±2.2 years; BMI=22.4±3.0 kg/m²) reported for testing on two occasions separated by 48 hours. During visit 1 body composition assessment via dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and during visit 2, a VO₂max test performed on a motorized treadmill. Weak correlations were found between absolute VO₂max (L/min) and whole-body bone mineral density (WB-BMD: r=0.24, p=0.031) and whole-body bone mineral content (WB-BMC: …

Validation Of Self-Reported Anthropometrics In Female College Freshmen, Ryan J. Leone, Amy Morgan, Mary-Jon Ludy

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 47-55, 2016. Most investigations concerning the validity of self-reported anthropometrics focus on weight, height, and body mass index. This study extends those investigations by exploring the impact of self-reporting bias on the disease risk indicators of waist circumference and body fat percentage. Female college freshmen (n=128) self-reported weight and height, then underwent measurements for weight, height, waist circumference, and body fat percentage. Self-reporting bias was defined as self-reported minus directly-assessed anthropometric value. Despite no differences in self-reported versus directly-assessed weight or height for the total group, students with high waist circumference and excess fat …

Leukocyte Subset Changes In Response To A 164-Km Road Cycle Ride In A Hot Environment, Hui Ying Luk, Amy L. Mckenzie, Anthony A. Duplanty, Ronald G. Budnar, Danielle Levitt, Alex Fernandez, Elaine C. Lee, Lawrence E. Armstrong, Jakob L. Vingren

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 34-46, 2016. The purpose of this observational study was to determine the circulating leukocyte subset response to completing the 2013 Hotter’N Hell Hundred recreational 164-km road cycle event in a hot and humid environmental condition. Twenty-eight men and four women were included in this study. Whole blood samples were obtained 1-2 hours before (PRE) and immediately after (POST) the event. Electronic sizing/sorting and cytometry were used to determine complete blood counts (CBC) including neutrophil, monocyte, and lymphocyte subsets. The concentration of circulating total leukocytes (10³·µL^-1) increased 134% from PRE to …

An Analysis Of The Medical Costs Of Obesity For Fifth Graders In California And Texas, Danielle E. Levitt, Allen W. Jackson, James R. Morrow Jr.

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 26-33, 2016. The prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States increased more than three-fold from 1976 – 1980 to 2007 – 2008. The Presidential Youth Fitness Program’s FitnessGram® is the current method recommended by the President’s Council on Fitness, Sports & Nutrition for assessing health-related fitness factors, including body composition. FitnessGram® data from California and Texas, the two most populous states, over a three-year time span indicate that more than one-third of fifth grade students, typically ten-year-olds, are obese. Previous studies report that an obese ten-year-old child who remains obese into adulthood will …

Comparison Of Affect And Cardiorespiratory Training Responses Between Structured Gym Activities And Traditional Aerobic Exercise In Children, David A. White, Scott David Rothenberger, Laura A. Hunt, Fredric L. Goss

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 16-25, 2016. Physical activities (PA) that are pleasurable are likely to be repeated. Structured gym activities (SGA) are defined as dodging, chasing, and fleeing games. Traditional aerobic exercises (TAE) are defined as treadmill, cycle ergometer, and elliptical exercise. The purpose of this investigation was to compare affect and cardiorespiratory training responses between SGA and TAE in children. Thirty-two participants (9.3±0.2) were randomized to either the SGA or TAE group. Exercise training was seven weeks, with two sessions per week, for 35 minutes per session. Affect was measured by the (+5 (pleasurable) to -5 (displeasurable)) …

Effects Of A Supportive Audience On A Handgrip Squeezing Task In Adults, Brianna N. Leitzelar, Selen Razon, Umit Tokac, Shannon Dieringer, Cindy Book, Lawrence A. Judge

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1): 4-15, 2016. The role of social facilitation by way of audience effect in select exercise-related variables during an isometric handgrip task was assessed using a mixed design. Fifty three moderately active participants (M_age= 21.76 + 5.27) were recruited from the Midwestern United States. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: supportive audience or control. Audience members provided positive verbal encouragement to participants in the experimental condition throughout the task performance. Participants in the control group performed the task in the absence of an audience and did not receive any …

2015 International Journal Of Exercise Science Reviewer List

International Journal of Exercise Science

International Journal of Exercise Science 9(1) : 1-3, 2016.

Impact Of Age On The Vasodilatory Function Of Human Skeletal Muscle Feed Arteries, Song-Young Park, S. J. Ives, J. R. Gifford, R. H. I. Andtbacka, John R. Hyngstrom, Van Reese, Gwenael Layec, Leena P. Bharath, J. David Symons, Russell S. Richardson

Health and Kinesiology Faculty Publications

Although advancing age is often associated with attenuated skeletal muscle blood flow and skeletal muscle feed arteries (SMFAs) have been recognized to play a regulatory role in the vasculature, little is known about the impact of age on the vasodilatory capacity of human SMFAs. Therefore, endothelium-dependent and -independent vasodilation were assessed in SMFAs (diameter: 544 ± 63 μm) obtained from 24 (equally represented) young (33 ± 2 yr) and old (71 ± 2 yr) subjects in response to three stimuli: 1) flow-induced shear stress, 2) ACh, and 3) sodium nitropusside (SNP). Both assessments of endothelium-dependent vasodilation, flow …

The Relationship Between Intermittent Limit Cycles And Postural Instability Associated With Parkinson’S Disease, James R. Chagdes, Jessica E. Huber, Meredith Saletta, Meghan Darling-White, Arvind Raman, Shirley Rietdyk, Howard N. Zelaznik, Jeffrey M. Haddad

School of Mechanical Engineering Faculty Publications

Background: Many disease-specifc factors such as muscular weakness, increased muscle stiffness, varying postural strategies, and changes in postural refexes have been shown to lead to postural instability and fall risk in people with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Recently, analytical techniques, inspired by the dynamical systems perspective on movement control and coordination, have been used to examine the mechanisms underlying the dynamics of postural declines and the emergence of postural instabilities in people with PD. Methods: A wavelet-based technique was used to identify limit cycle oscillations (LCOs) in the anterior–posterior (AP) postural sway of people with mild PD (n = 10) compared …

The Effect Of Arm Position On Lower Extremity Kinematics During A Single Limb Drop Landing: A Preliminary Study, C. Masters, J. Johnstone, Gerwyn Hughes

Kinesiology (Formerly Exercise and Sport Science)

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries occur most commonly during non-contact situations, such as landing from a jump. Arm position has been shown to affect the loading of the lower extremity and therefore alter the potential injury risk. This study aimed to investigate the effect of arm position on lower extremity kinematics during single limb drop landings. Eight recreational American football players performed single limb drop landings on their preferential limb in four different conditions; (1) control (arms free); (2) arms to landing limb side; (3) arms in front of body; and (4) arms away from landing limb side. Kinematics of …

A Technique Of Improved Medial Meniscus Visualization By Anterior Cruciate Ligament Graft Placement In Chronic Anterior Cruciate Deficient Knees, Christopher J. Vertullo, Lahann Wijenayake, Jane E. Grayson

Faculty Publications

It is customary to perform medial meniscus repair before anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft placement when undertaken as a combined procedure. However, in chronic ACL-deficient knees, intraoperative anterior tibiofemoral translation can cause the medial meniscus repair to be more technically challenging. Intraoperative anterior tibiofemoral translation can both reduce the visualization of the medial meniscus and make its reduction unstable. An operative sequence alteration of ACL graft placement and tensioning before medial meniscal repair improves medial meniscus visualization in chronically ACL-deficient knees by using the ACL graft’s ability to prevent anterior tibiofemoral translation. The technique sequence is as follows: (a) the …

Identifying The Correlation Between The Flexibility Of The Glenohumeral Joint And The Throwing Velocity Of A Baseball, Kaylee Lawless, Ramie Davis, Heather Rivers, Daniel Szathmary

The Corinthian

Research has been completed discussing flexibility and throwing velocity, but there is a void of literature determining whether these two variables are related.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a correlation between the flexibility of the glenohumeral joint and the throwing velocity of a baseball.

Methods: Thirty college males, all above the age of 18 years of age, volunteered to throw a baseball as fast as they could, having three separate trials to reach their maximal throwing velocity. The participants completed the “Back Scratch” test to assess the flexibility of the glenohumeral …

Electromyography Study Of Muscle Fatigue During Isometric Exercises In Swimmers And Non-Swimmers, Tiffany Aeling

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

The use of electromyography (EMG) techniques offer strong evaluation of musculature fatigue during activity in different exercises. Studies show that EMG can be used to monitor fatigue patterns in muscles composing the upper extremities and thoracic areas of the human body by analyzing median frequency values. Advances in muscle fatigue research have been critical for improving rehabilitation programs for patients with musculoskeletal conditions. Despite these developments, many collegiate athletes are still at high risk for muscle injury on and off the playing field. Therefore, in order to help reduce injury numbers, it is important that current research focus on the …

Effects Of Service-Learning On Kinesiology Students' Attitudes Toward Children With Disabilities, José Santiago, Jihyun Lee, Emily Roper

Faculty Publications

Contact theory (Allport, 1954) served as the framework to investigate undergraduate kinesiology students’ attitudes toward children with disabilities after a service-learning (SL) experience. Fifty-one undergraduate kinesiology students enrolled in an adapted physical education (APE) course served as the experimental group, and 31 undergraduate kinesiology students enrolled in an introductory kinesiology course served as the control group. The Attitudes Toward Disabled Persons Scale–Form A (Yuker, Block, & Younng, 1970) was administered at three different times: before, during, and after the SL. A mixed-design ANOVA revealed that there were no statistically significant main or interaction effects for gender, group, and time on …

Interrater Reliability Of Quantitative Ultrasound Using Force Feedback Among Examiners With Varied Levels Of Experience, Michael O. Harris-Love, Catheeja Ismail, Reza Monfaredi, Haniel J. Hernandez, Donte Pennington, Paula Woletz, Valerie Mcintosh, Bernadette Adams, Marc R. Blackman

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

Background. Quantitative ultrasound measures are influenced by multiple external factors including examiner scanning force. Force feedback may foster the acquisition of reliable morphometry measures under a variety of scanning conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the reliability of force-feedback image acquisition and morphometry over a range of examiner-generated forces using a muscle tissuemimicking ultrasound phantom.

Methods. Sixty material thickness measures were acquired from a muscle tissue mimicking phantom using B-mode ultrasound scanning by six examiners with varied experience levels (i.e., experienced, intermediate, and novice). Estimates of interrater reliability and measurement error with force feedback scanning were determined …

Establishing Waist-To-Height Ratio Standards From Criterion-Referenced Bmi Using Roc Curves In Low-Income Children, Ryan D. Burns, Timothy A. Brusseau, Yi Fang, You Fu, James C. Hannon

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The purpose of this study was to establish health-related waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) cut-points associating with FITNESSGRAM’s body mass index (BMI) criterion-referenced standards in low-income children. A secondary aim was to examine the classification agreement between the derived WHtR cut-points and various cardiometabolic blood markers using current recommendations. Participants were 219 children from low-income schools (mean age = 10.5 ± 0.6 years). Waist circumference, height, weight, and cardiometabolic blood markers were collected in a fasting state before school hours. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to determine WHtR cut-points that associated with a child meeting FITNESSGRAM’s age- and sex-specific criterionreferenced …

Clinical Assessment Of Fatigability In Multiple Sclerosis: A Shift From Perception To Performance., Bryant A Seamon, Michael O. Harris-Love

Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

A Comparative Analysis Of The Traditional Sit-And-Reach Test And The R.S. Smith Sit-And-Reach Design, Greer French, Carly Grayson, Lauryn Sanders, Taylor Williams, Melissa Ward

The Corinthian

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of the gastrocnemius on the posterior chain by comparing traditional Sit-and-Reach Test (TSRT) performance in the standard 90 degree of ankle dorsiflexion position with the R.S. Smith Sit-And-Reach Design (SSRT) placing the ankle at 35 degrees of ankle plantar flexion.

Methods: The researchers tested a total of 169 participants. All participants completed an informed consent prior to the tests. After completing a five-minute elliptical warm-up, participants performed three trials of each SRT variation. The highest score of each test was recorded. The researchers used a paired t-test to determine …

Frontal Plane Comparison Between Drop Jump And Vertical Jump: Implications For The Assessment Of Acl Risk Of Injury, Guilherme Manna Cesar, Curtis L. Tomasevicz, Judith M. Burnfield

Athletic Performance Research

The potential to use the vertical jump (VJ) to assess both athletic performance and risk of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury could have widespread clinical implications since VJ is broadly used in high school, university, and professional sport settings. Although drop jump (DJ) and VJ observationally exhibit similar lower extremity mechanics, the extent to which VJ can also be used as screening tool for ACL injury risk has not been assessed. This study evaluated whether individuals exhibit similar knee joint frontal plane kinematic and kinetic patterns when performing VJs compared with DJs. Twenty-eight female collegiate athletes performed DJs and VJs. …