Exercise Science Commons^™

Perbedaan Pengaruh Circuit Training Dan Fartlek Training Terhadap Peningkatan Vo2max Dan Indeks Massa Tubuh, Muh. Akmal Almy, Sukadiyanto Sukadiyanto

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) metode circuit training lebih efektif daripada metode fartlek training dalam meningkatkan VO₂Max pada pemain sepakbola (2) Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) rendah lebih baik/bagus daripada Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) tinggi terhadap peningkatan VO₂ Max pemain sepakbola, (3) Ada kecenderungan interaksi antar kedua kelompok latihan dan Indeks Massa Tubuh (IMT) terhadap peningkatan VO₂Max. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan rancangan faktorial 2 x 2. Instrumen dalam penelitian ini adalah Multistage Test dan IMT. Hasil penelitian adalah sebagai berikut. (1) terdapat perbedaan pengaruh yang signifikan antara metode circuit training dan …

Pengembangan Model Latihan Karate Kids Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar Kelas Atas, Widha Srianto, Sugeng Purwanto

Jurnal Keolahragaan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghasilkan model latihan karate kids pada anak usia sekolah dasar (SD) kelas atas (10-12 tahun). Penelitian pengembangan ini dilakukan dengan mengadaptasi langkah-langkah penelitian sebagai berikut: (1) pengumpulan informasi di lapangan, (2) melakukan analisis terhadap informasi yang telah dikumpulkan, (3) mengembangkan produk awal, (4) validasi ahli dan revisi, (5) uji coba lapangan skala kecil dan revisi, (6) uji coba lapangan skala besar dan revisi, dan (7) pembuatan produk final. Uji coba skala kecil dilakukan di klub Forki Kota Yogyakarta berjumlah 7 anak. Uji coba skala besar di klub Inkanas DIY berjumlah 16 anak. Instrumen pengumpulan data yang …

Motor Control: Theory And Practical Application For The Youth Basketball Coach, Lucas R. Deckard

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

BACKGROUND: Motor control, learning, and development need to be considered by any coach working with youth athletes. When coaches fail to consider these areas, they may be more likely to create practice plans, which omit the innate physiological and psychological differences between youth and adult participants, lessen the development of sport-specific skills, and may create less enjoyable sporting experiences for young players. PURPOSE: The aims of this literature review were to explore recent scientific literature linking motor behavior/development to application in youth basketball, identify major themes, and summarize these concepts in a manner useful to coaches in this environment. METHODS: …

Intergenerational Service-Learning With Exercise Science Students, Mckinze R. Vowels

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Exercise science professionals often work with older adults to help maintain function and independence. Ageism may begin during undergraduate training, as most have not interacted with older adults. Intergenerational service-learning (ISL) may be a useful pedagogy to facilitate interactions with older adults. PURPOSE: To determine if exercise science students’ knowledge of older adults and ageism are significantly improved by incorporating ISL into an exercise science course. METHODS: Students (n =10) enrolled in Exercise and Aging and from two additional exercise science courses (n = 17) completed pre and post assessments of attitudes towards and knowledge of older adults. Students implemented …

Ground Forces Impact On Release Of Rotational Shot Put Technique, Niklas B. Arrhenius

Theses and Dissertations

In the shot put throw, the primary power is generated in the form of ground reaction forces as a result of action of the lower extremities (Coh, Stuhec, & Supej, 2008). The purpose of this study was to determine how the ground reaction force and ground contact time during the delivery phase of rotational shot put relates to the predicted distance of the throw. This will allow us to determine the optimal approach of force application for maximum throwing distance (Linthorne, 2001). Eight male subjects were used in this study (age 23 ± 4 y; body mass 123 ± 14 …

The Effects Of Worksite Health Promotion Programs On Employee Biometric Data, Jamie M. Pratt

Theses and Dissertations

INTRODUCTION: Worksite health promotion programs (WHPP) promote maintenance and changes of health-related behaviors of employees. Some companies opt to contract with a third party provider to implement a WHPP. PURPOSE: This study evaluated the participation rates, availability and use of health coaching, and changes in biometric data over a 2-year time period of employees in 13 companies for whom the WHPP was implemented by Wellness Corporate Solutions (WCS). METHODS: We had 2 years of biometric, health risk appraisal (HRA), or health coaching data on 4,473 employees. The statistical analysis included biometric screening data (percent body fat, body mass index (BMI), …

Microvascular Function In Metabolically Healthy Groups Differing In Bmi And Waist Circumference, Nathan R. Earl

Theses and Dissertations

BACKGROUND: Microvascular dysfunction (MD: impaired performance of blood flow, tissue perfusion, blood pressure, etc.) is one of the earliest stages in the progression of various chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine if a difference in microvascular function existed between two metabolically healthy groups that differed in BMI and waist circumference. DESIGN: This study employed a causal comparative design, with two groups: I) normal weight (n =14, BMI 28 kg/m2). METHODS: Microvascular function was assessed by measuring skin blood flow (SkBF) using laser Doppler flowmetry during postocclusive reactive hyperemia (PORH). The area under the SkBF time …

A Randomized Controlled Trial To Study The Effects Of Breakfast On Energy Intake, Physical Activity, And Body Fat In Women, Gabrielle Marie Lecheminant

Theses and Dissertations

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of eating breakfast on energy intake, physical activity, body weight, and body fat in women who were nonhabitual breakfast eaters over a one-month period. METHODS: We tested 49 premenopausal, nonhabitual breakfast-eating women to compare the effects of eating breakfast versus not eating breakfast. Each participant was randomized to one of two conditions: breakfast or no breakfast. Breakfast eaters were required to eat within an hour and a half of awakening and had to be finished eating their breakfast meal by 8:30 A.M. Non-breakfast eaters were defined as not consuming …

Application Of The Transtheoretical Model: Assessing Exercise Behavior In African Americans In A Church-Based Setting, Robin Marie White

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Sedentary behavior rates are higher among African-American men and women than in other American races and ethnicities, placing them at greater risk for chronic illness. Routine physical activity reduces the risk of chronic health problems such as: (a) overweight and obesity, (b) type 2 diabetes, (c) hypertension, (d) coronary artery disease, (e) stroke, (f) congestive heart failure, and (g) cancers. Assessment of African-Americans' exercise attitudes in a church-based setting may provide information with which to develop effective interventions to improve physical activity. This descriptive, cross-sectional study used components of the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) to assess whether any associations exist between …

Psychosocial Factors In Sports Injury Rehabilitation And Return To Play, Leslie W. Podlog, John Heil, Stefanie Podlog (Nee Schulte)

Athletic Training Collection

This article discusses the principles and practices that guide psychological intervention with injury, and encourages a psychological approach to injury for clinicians. Part 1 reviews the research literature, and serves as a foundation for the review of clinical practices in part 2. Examination of the research literature highlights 4 areas: (1) psychological factors influencing rehabilitation, (2) social factors affecting rehabilitation, (3) performance concerns among returning athletes, and (4) tools/inventories for assessing psychological readiness to return. A synopsis of an injury intervention plan is provided, and the influence of pain and fear in the rehabilitation process is described.

Relationship Of Dna Methylation With Cardiovascular Fitness And Body Composition, Mihaela A. Ciulei

Honors College Theses

Global DNA Methylation (GDM), an epigenomic modification has been linked to the development of cardiovascular disease and its risk factors. Our focus was to identify potential relationships between epigenetic alterations and both cardiovascular fitness and body composition measures. Purpose: As increases in aerobic fitness have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular disease, one purpose was to determine if a relationship was evident between global DNA methylation and VO2max. A secondary purpose was to determine if the relationship extends to body composition measured via Dual X-ray Absorbtometry (DXA). Methods: Fifty-two (male n=25, female n=27) subjects provided a blood sample for DNA …

Instrumented Figure Skating Blade For Measuring On-Ice Skating Forces, S A. Acuña, D M. Smith, J M. Robinson, J C. Hawks, P Starbuck, D L. King, Sarah T. Ridge, Steven Knight Charles

Faculty Publications

Competitive figure skaters experience substantial, repeated impact loading during jumps and landings. Although these loads, which are thought to be as high as six times body weight, can lead to overuse injuries, it is not currently possible to measure these forces on-ice. Consequently, efforts to improve safety for skaters are significantly limited. Here we present the development of an instrumented figure skating blade for measuring forces on-ice. The measurement system consists of strain gauges attached to the blade, Wheatstone bridge circuit boards, and a data acquisition device. The system is capable of measuring forces in the vertical and horizontal directions …

Unilateral Traditional Weight Lifting Generates Greatest Acute Upper Body Power Output, Evan H. Nakachi

Theses and Dissertations

Bilateral deficit (BLD) is a phenomenon where the force generated from simultaneous bilateral limb contractions is less than the sum force generated by separate right and left limb contractions. There have been many BLD studies, but the measures of force generation have predominantly been with isometric and isokinetic contractions. There are, however, no dynamic upper body isotonic unilateral weight lifting studies on acute power output. The purpose of this study was to determine acute power output between bilateral and unilateral weight lifting under the conditions of traditional and circuit weight lifting. Seventeen male BYU rugby players (age = 21.8 ± …

Effects Of Exercise On Bmi Z-Score In Overweight And Obese Children And Adolescents: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis, George A. Kelley, Kristi S. Kelley, Russell R. Pate

Faculty Publications

Background: Overweight and obesity are major public health problems in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to determine the effects of exercise (aerobic, strength or both) on body mass index (BMI) z-score in overweight and obese children and adolescents.

Methods: Studies were included if they were randomized controlled exercise intervention trials ≥ 4 weeks in overweight and obese children and adolescents 2 to 18 years of age, published in any language between 1990–2012 and in which data were available for BMI z-score. Studies were retrieved by searching eleven electronic databases, …

Comparison Of Therapeutic Exercise Accuracy During Completion Of A Home Exercise Program Using The Exercise Tutor Versus A Written Home Exercise Program, James Flis, Riana Stanko, Megan Stang, Ann Reinthal, Deborah Espy

Undergraduate Research Posters 2014

Exercise is powerful in rehabilitation and prevention of disability; however, patient adherence to home exercises is difficult, learning new movements requires a great deal of practice, and incorrectly performed exercises are ineffective or even dangerous. We have developed a system comprised of a Kinect device with wearable inertial sensors to capture, record, and process the exerciser’s movement while concurrently providing targeted feedback to guide correct exercise completion. This pilot study allowed us to perform initial testing of this system, specifically, the effectiveness of this system in improving exercise accuracy, with and without the addition of inertial sensors to the Kinect …

Fun Versus Practical: Physiological Responses And Preference Of Exercise Equipment, Shana Strunk, Courtney Perkins, Brandon Musarra, Megan O’Keefe, Katie Webb, Kenneth E. Sparks, Emily Kullman, Eddie T.C. Lam

Undergraduate Research Posters 2014

The elliptical cross trainer has become a popular a mode of exercise, but can only be used indoors. The StreetStrider was designed as an outdoor elliptical-bike. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to determine whether the elliptical or the StreetStrider was more enjoyable, and to compare the physiological variables for energy expenditure, heart rate (HR), VO2, and Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE). METHODS: Thirty participants (15 male, 15 female, mean age=22±2) from Cleveland State University exercised for 20 minutes at 75% of their age predicted maximal heart rate on the StreetStrider and elliptical. Energy expenditure was measured with a …

Kir Channel Activation Contributes To Onset And Steady-State Exercise Hyperemia In Humans, Anne R. Crecelius, Gary J. Luckasen, Dennis G. Larson, Frank A. Dinenno

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

We tested the hypothesis that activation of inwardly rectifying potassium (K_IR) channels and Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase, two pathways that lead to hyperpolarization of vascular cells, contributes to both the onset and steady-state hyperemic response to exercise. We also determined whether after inhibiting these pathways nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandins (PGs) are involved in the hyperemic response. Forearm blood flow (FBF; Doppler ultrasound) was determined during rhythmic handgrip exercise at 10% maximal voluntary contraction for 5 min in the following conditions: control [saline; trial 1 (T1)]; with combined inhibition of K_IR channels and Na …

Circulating Angiogenic Cell Population Responses To 10 Days Of Reduced Physical Activity, Gayatri Guhanarayan, Julianne Jablonski, Sarah Witkowski

Exercise and Sport Studies: Faculty Publications

Circulating angiogenic cells (CACs) are a diverse group that have been identified as predictors of cardiovascular health and are inversely proportional to cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes. Inactivity is a growing concern in industrialized nations and is an independent risk factor for CVD. There is limited evidence regarding the impact of reduced physical activity (rPA) on different CAC populations. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of objectively monitored rPA with maintained energy balance on two CAC populations (CFU and CD34+cells), intracellular nitric oxide (NOi), and genes related to NO production in active, healthy men. Participants (age 25 …

How Sensitive Is The Deltoid Moment Arm To Joint Center Changes With Rtsa?, David Walker, Allison Kinney, Aimee Struk, Benjamin J. Fregly, Thomas Wright, Scott Banks

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

The goal of this study was to assess the sensitivity of the deltoid muscle moment arms as a function of joint configuration for an existing RTSA subject. High variations were found for all three deltoid components. Variation over the entire abduction arc was greatest in the anterior and lateral deltoid, while the posterior deltoid moment arm was mostly sensitive to joint center changes early in the abduction arc. Moment arm changes of 10-16mm represent a significant amount of the total deltoid moment arm. This means there is an opportunity to dramatically change the deltoid moments arms through surgical placement of …

Deltoid Moment Arms During Abduction: A Subject-Specific Musculoskeletal Modeling Study In Healthy Shoulders And Shoulders With Rtsa, David Walker, Allison Kinney, Aimee Struk, Benjamin J. Fregly, Thomas Wright, Scott Banks

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Faculty Publications

Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) is increasingly used in the United States since approval by the FDA in 2003. RTSA relieves pain and restores mobility in arthritic rotator cuff deficient shoulders. Though many advantages of RTSA have been demonstrated, there still are a variety of complications (implant loosening, shoulder impingement, infection, frozen shoulder) making apparent much still is to be learned how RTSA modifies normal shoulder function. The goal of this study was to assess how RTSA affects deltoid muscle moment generating capacity post-surgery using a subjectspecific computational model driven by in vivo kinematic data.