Exercise Science Commons^™

Affective Response To Upper Body And Lower Body Exercise, Shanelle J. Osorio

Honors Undergraduate Theses

More than one-half of university students in the United States and Canada are not active enough to gain health benefits. Enjoyment of exercise proposes a feasible solution to the absence of motivation surrounding physical activity. The purpose of this study is to compare the differences in reported enjoyment between upper and lower body cycling graded exercise to exhaustion (GXT). Seven university students (23 ± 3 years old; 26 ± 4 kg/m2) performed two randomized graded exercise tests on different days: one for upper body, one for lower body. Feeling Scale (FS) measured the affective response during exercise. Post-exercise enjoyment values …

Determining Risk Factors For Neck Pain Development Due To Smartphone Use Using The Pain Pressure Threshold Test, Sally Barnes

2020 Honors Symposium

BACKGROUND
• Smartphone use has become increasingly popular recently, especially in the young adult population.
• Neck flexion, the most common position when using a smartphone, has previously been linked to neck pain development.

RESEARCH QUESTION:
• Is thirty minutes of smartphone use linked to neck pain development?

Determining Muscle Fatigue From Reading A Smartphone With The Cervical Extensor Fatigue Test, Sarah Davis

2020 Honors Symposium

Background
• Smartphone use has led to pain and injuries associated with neck flexion while looking down.
• It is important to identify exactly how neck flexion during smartphone use leads to neck pain and muscle fatigue.

Purpose
• To measure the effects of neck flexion on neck endurance during smartphone use.

Effects Of Asthma On Lung Function, Aerobic Fitness, And Physical Activity In Young Adults, Trey Deal

2020 Honors Symposium

INTRODUCTION
• Asthma is one of the most commonly diagnosed conditions in the United States, affecting 25 million individuals
• 90% of individuals with asthma will experience exercise-induced bronchoconstriction while performing physical activity (AAFA, 2015)
• In one study, 70% of the participants in the asthma group were classified as “predominantly sedentary” (Hul et al., 2016)
• In one survey, 20% of parents of children with asthma stated they believed exercise is dangerous for their child (Lang, Butz, Duggan, and Serwint, 2004)

OBJECTIVES
• To determine if physical activity differs between those with or without asthma
• To determine if …

Hunger Regulation Before And After A Bout Of Exercise, Lindsay Spitaletto

2020 Honors Symposium

INTRODUCTION
• Obesity is an epidemic in the United States (Kim, et. al., 2016).
• Research suggests exercise aids in preventing risk factors that lead to obesity (Cercato, Fonseca, 2019 and Blundell, et. al., 2015).
• Exercise affects appetite regulation, but few studies have explored the effect of exercise on energy intake (Schoeller, et. Al, 1997).

OBJECTIVES
•Compare appetite level changes pre-and post-exercise bout using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
•Compare energy intake (food consumption) pre-and post-exercise bout using two 24hour food recalls

El Baloncesto Es Vida: A Look Into Strength And Conditioning, Physical Therapy, And Coaching During My Internship Abroad, Jessica Doublesin

2020 Honors Symposium

An experience abroad can help a person grow in confidence and knowledge and allow them to immerse themselves in a new culture. During my time in Valencia, Spain, I was able to work at a youth basketball club, CB L’Horta Godella, alongside the club’s strength and conditioning coaches and the physical therapist and be a coach for the young athletes. The fact that I lived with a Spanish family and had an open mindset towards making friends and exploring new things allowed me to grow closer to the culture in Spain. By using my knowledge and passion for sports and …

Energy Compensation With Exercise Is Not Dependent On Dose, H. Michael Hays

Theses and Dissertations--Nutrition and Food Systems

Background: Exercise induced weight loss is often less than expected due to a coordinated set of compensatory mechanisms that serve to maintain energy homeostasis. The extent to which exercise frequency, duration, intensity and exercise energy expenditure (ExEE) influences the compensatory response to an exercise-induced energy deficit (energy compensation) is controversial. Determining how these variables impact energy compensation would help health care providers prescribe exercise with greater probability of creating a sustained negative energy balance and subsequent weight loss.

Methods: 44 Overweight/obese men and women (BMI=25-35kg/m²) aged 18 to 40 years were randomized to perform aerobic exercise 2 or 6 days/week …

The Impact Of Exercise In Spaceflight And Microgravity Environments, William Bybee

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Since mankind’s first spaceflight, a significant barricade in reaching distant planets has been the damaging effects of microgravity upon the human body. Effects range from loss in bone mineral density and severe muscle atrophy to autoimmune disorders. The most effective countermeasure of these effects to date is exercise. Implementation of exercise in microgravity is not an easy task, so various specialized equipment must be utilized to effectively administer it. Even with this equipment, exercise as it is currently used does not entirely prevent body systems from undergoing detrimental changes. New modalities and implementations are currently being investigated that may significantly …

The Role Of Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier 1 (Mpc1) In Heart Failure And Its Implications For Cardiac Recovery, Obadiah Issachar Kirk

Mahurin Honors College Capstone Experience/Thesis Projects

Heart failure (HF) is a complex syndrome with high mortality rates around the world. HF also has diverse etiology as many things contribute such as hypertension, obesity, coronary artery disease, inflammation, and cardiac arrhythmias. Studies have shown that unloading of a failing heart with a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) can lead to cardiac recovery in a subpopulation of individuals with advanced HF. RNA-sequencing and protein expression analysis of myocardial tissue from HF patients who underwent the LVAD implant and heart transplant indicated that subpopulation of HF patients who responded to LVAD unloading had significantly lower levels of mitochondrial pyruvate …

Vitamin D3 Supplementation And Stress Fractures In High-Risk Collegiate Athletes - A Pilot Study, Kevin Williams, Christian Askew, Christopher Mazoue, Jeffrey Guy, Toni M. Torres-Mcgehee, J Benjamin Jackson Iii

Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Vitamin D is paramount to bone health and little is known about vitamin D's role in the prevention of stress fractures in high-risk athletes. This study consists of a prospective, cross-sectional analysis accompanied by a retrospective review for control comparison of vitamin D3 supplementation in high-risk athletes. Our hypothesis is that supplemental vitamin D3 treatment will decrease the occurrence of stress fractures in high-risk collegiate athletes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 118 NCAA Division I athletes were recruited from 6 high-risk collegiate teams. Blood draws in August and February established baseline 25(OH)D levels. Subjects with serum 25(OH)D <30 ng/mL were supplemented with 50,000 IU of vitamin D3/week for 8 weeks. Treated subjects were re-tested to ensure serum 25(OH)D levels rose to sufficient status. All enrolled subjects were monitored for the development of stress fractures. A 5-year retrospective chart review of athletes from the same sports teams was conducted to determine the incidence of any reported stress fractures in the past. RESULTS: Prospective: 112 of the 118 enrolled subjects were tested in August. Sixty-one demonstrated vitamin D sufficiency (40.2 ng/mL ±8.28) and 51 were either insufficient or deficient (22.7 ng/mL ±4.89). Of the 118 enrolled subjects, 104 were tested in February. Fifty-six demonstrated vitamin D sufficiency (40.7 ng/mL ±9.47) and 48 were insufficient or deficient (21.6 ng/mL ±5.87). Two stress fractures were diagnosed amongst our cohort of 118 student athletes (1.69%). Retrospective: 34 stress fractures were diagnosed in 453 subjects from 01/2010-05/2015 (7.51%). Amongst our athletic teams, the cross-country team specifically demonstrated a statistically significant decrease in stress fracture incidence (p<0.05). We also found a statistically significant reduction in stress fracture incidence amongst the current overall cohort compared to our retrospective cohort (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In our population, almost half of the tested athletes proved to be vitamin D deficient. Hypovitaminosis D was prevalent throughout the winter months compared with the summer. With vitamin D3 supplementation, the stress fracture rate in our overall cohort demonstrated a statistically significant decrease from 7.51% to 1.65% (p=0.009).

Accuracy Of Self-Reported Height And Weight In Collegiate Athletes, Jacob Hausch

Senior Honors Theses and Projects

The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not athletes are able to self-report accurate, unbiased height and weight. Fifty-seven Eastern Michigan University athletes and forty EMU non-athlete students volunteered for this study. After completing an informed consent, the participants filled out an online questionnaire in which they self-reported their heights and weights. Then, a member of the research team measured the participants’ heights and weights in a private room. Paired samples t-tests were used to compare the self-reported heights and weights to the measured values. Results were categorized by sport, gender and body size of the participants. …

Physiological And Psychological Responses To Six Weeks Of High-Intensity Interval And Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training In Physically Inactive Young Adults, Emily R. Dunston

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been proposed as a public health strategy to promote physical activity; yet, there is limited evidence examining factors related to adherence to HIIT.

PURPOSE: To determine the effect of six weeks of HIIT and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on physiological and psychological responses to training.

METHODS: Physically inactive young adults (n = 20; age = 21.4 ± 2.2 years) were randomized to the HIIT or MICT group. Assessments of body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary behavior levels were completed prior to and following the intervention. Participants completed 18 training sessions …

Sport Specialization And Its Effects On Collegiate Athlete Injury Rate, Alexander Duane Yager

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

No abstract provided.

The Effect Of Acute Fatigue On Reactive Strength Index In Modern Dancers, Jordan Tingman

EWU Masters Thesis Collection

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of acute fatigue on stretch shortening cycle (SSC) performance measured by the Reactive Strength Index (RSI) derived from a drop jump. Methods: Twelve professional modern dancers (8 female, 4 male) participated in this study. Two force plates were utilized to record the force-time data during drop jumps (DJ) before and after an acute, fatiguing protocol. Dancers performed a 5-10 minute self-selected warm up followed by 3-5 practice trials of DJs onto the force plates. Three trials were recorded from each dancer with 30-60 seconds (s) of rest between trials. …

Experiences In Physical Education With Bardet-Biedl Syndrome: An Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis Case Study, Katherine Holland, Justin A. Haegele, Xihe Zhu, Ellie Brady

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study was to examine physical education (PE) experiences from the perspective of an adult with Bardet-Biedl syndrome. An interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) research approach was used, and one male (age 32) with Bardet-Biedl syndrome acted as the participant. Sources of data included a semi-structured, audiotaped telephone interview and reflective interview notes. The interview was transcribed verbatim and data were analyzed thematically using a two-step approach informed by the IPA. Three themes emerged from the data: (a) "We were pretty much good friends": The teacher's influence, (b) "You're different, must destroy": Bullying and negative peer interactions, and …

The Effects Of Acute Bouts Of Aerobic And Resistance Exercise On Neuroplasticity, Michael Shafer

West Chester University Master’s Theses

Neuroplasticity takes place when acquiring new skills, after damage to the nervous system, and as a result of sensory deprivation (5). It can also take place due to exercise (11)(22). Few studies exist that look at the effects of anaerobic/resistance training and its effects on Neuroplasticity in humans, as the majority of research found delves into how resistance training can help at the subcortical and spinal level of the body, not in the brain (1). The aim of this study was to determine whether resistance training is as effective as aerobic training at improving neuroplasticity. Five competitive Weightlifters (3 females, …

Compensatory Inactivity In Female Collegiate Soccer Players, Caylee Costello

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Objective: To measure the physical activity levels of Division I collegiate female soccer players with the use of accelerometers to help determine compensatory changes and help establish appropriate training rhythms through the course of a season.
Design: 25 female Division I soccer players volunteered to participate in a 7-day observational study. Players wore an ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer during waking hours. Five second epochs were recorded and age appropriate physical activity cut points were used to determine the minutes of sedentary time (ST), light physical activity (LPA), moderate physical activity (MPA), vigorous physical activity (VPA) and moderate to vigorous physical activity …

Where Do We Go From Here? A Forward-Thinking Vision For Physiology Undergraduate Education, Nancy M. Aguilar-Roca, Lisa C. Anderson, Anne R. Crecelius, Michelle B. French, Katie Johnson, Jenny L. Mcfarland, Jennifer Rogers, Claudia I. Stanescu, Erica A. Wehrwein

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

This paper is a summary of the special collection of papers in Advances in Physiology Education dedicated to the Physiology Majors Interest Group (P-MIG). P-MIG is a new and vibrant community (1, 2) of educators and administrators who are united by the common goal of creating physiology courses, curricula and programs that will prepare our students for the future. It is an independent consortium that welcomes anyone interested in physiology education at the level of the undergraduate degree in physiology and physiology-related fields. As demonstrated by this special collection of papers of Advances in Physiology Education, P-MIG has already made …

Mechanisms Of Hamstring Strain Injury: Interactions Between Fatigue, Muscle Activation And Function, Shaun Huygaerts, Francesc Cos, Daniel D. Cohen, Julio Calleja-Gonzalez, Marc Guitart, Anthony J. Blazevich, Pedro E. Alcarez

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Isolated injury to the long head of biceps femoris is the most common type of acute hamstring strain injury (HSI). However, the precise hamstring injury mechanism (i.e., sprint-type) is still not well understood, and research is inconclusive as to which phase in the running cycle HSI risk is the greatest. Since detailed information relating to hamstring muscle function during sprint running cannot be obtained in vivo in humans, the findings of studies investigating HSI mechanisms are based on modeling that requires assumptions to be made based on extrapolations from anatomical and biomechanical investigations. As it is extremely difficult to account …

The Association Of Cognitive Function Assessments Among Older Women, Anna Gookin

2020 Honors Symposium

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a loss of mental capabilities due to the slow degeneration of the brain and is the leading cause of dementia. Dementia is caused by the damage of neurons in the brain from diseases or injury, not only affecting mental abilities but also affecting daily activities.1 Every 65 seconds someone is diagnosed with AD and currently there is no known cure. Traditional cognitive testing is time consuming, expensive, can misdiagnose, and there is a lack of neuropsychologist. There is a need for a cognitive test that can provide an accurate, cheaper, and quicker result in order to …