Genetic Protocols For Dna Extraction From White-Tailed Deer Cast Antlers To Confirm Individuality, 2022 University of Nebraska at Kearney
Genetic Protocols For Dna Extraction From White-Tailed Deer Cast Antlers To Confirm Individuality, Zach Carter, Brian C. Peterson, Casey W. Schoenebeck, Kimberly A. Carlson
Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences and Affiliated Societies
White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are the most sought-after deer species in America. The antlers of mammals, such as deer, are one of the fastest regenerative tissues in the world and are grown and naturally cast every year. Research on cast antlers have been used for a variety of purposes including population comparisons and impacts of deer health due to climatic stressors. When investigating cast antlers, it is important to confirm individuality of match sets in addition to antlers of the same individual between years. Therefore, individuality must be confirmed genetically, and protocols must be developed and established to …
Knowledge And Attitudes Of Pharmacogenetics Among Canadian Nurses: Implications For Nursing Education, 2022 University of Calgary
Knowledge And Attitudes Of Pharmacogenetics Among Canadian Nurses: Implications For Nursing Education, Noopur Swadas, Sarah Dewell, Sandra J. Davidson
Quality Advancement in Nursing Education - Avancées en formation infirmière
Pharmacogenetic testing is used to tailor medication recommendations based on an individual's genetic makeup. Increased precision in prescribing medication through the use of genetics leads to a reduction in adverse drug reactions resulting in decreased morbidity and mortality. Due to the noted benefits to patient health outcomes and reduction in healthcare costs, a growing number of Canadian health centers and community pharmacies are beginning to offer pharmacogenetic testing. Previous studies indicate that Canadian nurses have minimal education in genomics; however, there has been an increase in attention to nursing roles in the implementation of genomic health practices in recent years. …
Genetic Variations In The Myostatin Gene Among Irish Cattle Breeds, 2022 Department of Biological Sciences, Munster Technological University, Cork, Ireland
Genetic Variations In The Myostatin Gene Among Irish Cattle Breeds, Cliona Ann Ryan
ORBioM (Open Research BioSciences Meeting)
No abstract provided.
Characterizing Endogenous Dicer Products To Unravel Novel Rnai Biogenesis Pathways, 2022 The University of Southern Mississippi
Characterizing Endogenous Dicer Products To Unravel Novel Rnai Biogenesis Pathways, Jacob Oche Peter
Dissertations
ABSTRACT
RNA interference (RNAi) is a pervasive gene regulatory mechanism in eukaryotes based on the action of multiple classes of small RNA (sRNA). Exploiting RNAi pathways in non-model systems have great potential for creating potent RNAi technologies. Here, we accessed RNAi-mediated control of gene expression in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (T. urticae) using engineered dsRNA designed to modulate the host RNAi pathway and increase RNAi efficacy. Analysis of Dicer (Dcr) generated fragments revealed how exogenous RNAs access the host RNAi pathway in this animal, opening avenues for designing RNAi technology for their control. Further, some organisms …
Genomic Insights Into Mechanisms Of Microbial Evolution And Evolution-Inspired Strategies To Combat Pathogen Diversity, 2022 The Graduate Center, City University of New York
Genomic Insights Into Mechanisms Of Microbial Evolution And Evolution-Inspired Strategies To Combat Pathogen Diversity, Saymon Akther
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
We live in an era of emerging infectious diseases that are increasingly common, rapidly spreading, and gravely devastating. Lyme disease, caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Borreliella, is rapidly rising in the Northern Hemisphere because of geographic range expansion of both the tick vectors and the pathogens. Evolutionary comparative analysis of Borreliella genomes is a key to understanding the phylogeographic history and mechanisms of their global diversification. Moreover, genomic variations in Borreliella associated with human pathogenicity, e.g., at loci encoding cell-surface antigens interacting with the vertebrate hosts, have not been fully identified. Similarly, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, caused …
Mechanisms By Which Xenorhabdus Nematophila Interacts With Hosts Using Integrated -Omics Approaches, 2022 University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Mechanisms By Which Xenorhabdus Nematophila Interacts With Hosts Using Integrated -Omics Approaches, Nicholas C. Mucci
Doctoral Dissertations
Nearly all organisms exist in proximity to microbes. These microbes perform most of the essential metabolic processes necessary for homeostasis, forming the nearly hidden support system of Earth. Microbial symbiosis, which is defined as the long-term physical association between host and microbes, relies on communication between the microbial community and their host organism. These interactions among higher order organisms (such as animals, plants, and fungi) and their bacteria links metabolic processes between interkingdom consortia. Many questions on microbial behavior within a host remain poorly understood, such as the colonization efficiency among different microbial species, or how environmental context changes their …
Multi-Omic Systems Biological Analysis Of Host-Microbe Interactions, 2022 University of Tennessee, Knoxville
Multi-Omic Systems Biological Analysis Of Host-Microbe Interactions, Piet Jones
Doctoral Dissertations
Systems biology offers the opportunity to understand the complex mechanisms of various biological phenomena. The wealth of data that is produced, at an increasing rate, provides the potential to meet this opportunity. Here we take an applied approach to integrate multiple omic level data sources in order to generate biologically relevant hypotheses. We apply a novel analysis pipeline to model both, in concert, the microbial and transcriptomic signature from COVID-19 positive patients. We show patients may suffer from an increased microbial burden, with an increased pathogen potential. Gene expression evidence further shows patients may exhibit a compromised barrier immunity, owing …
Halodash: The Deep And Shallow History Of Aquatic Life's Passages Between Marine And Freshwater Habitats, 2022 University of Connecticut - Storrs
Halodash: The Deep And Shallow History Of Aquatic Life's Passages Between Marine And Freshwater Habitats, Eric T. Schultz, Lisa Park Boush
EEB Articles
This series of papers highlights research into how biological exchanges between salty and freshwater habitats have transformed the biosphere. Life in the ocean and in freshwaters have long been intertwined; multiple major branches of the tree of life originated in the oceans and then adapted to and diversified in freshwaters. Similar exchanges continue to this day, including some species that continually migrate between marine and fresh waters. The series addresses key themes of transitions, transformations, and current threats with a series of questions: When did major colonizations of fresh waters happen? What physiographic changes facilitated transitions? What organismal characteristics facilitate …
Repeated Targets Of Natural Selection During Ecological Transitions Of Fish Across Salinity Boundaries, 2022 University of Denver
Repeated Targets Of Natural Selection During Ecological Transitions Of Fish Across Salinity Boundaries, Jonathan P. Velotta, Stephen D. Mccormick, Andrew Whitehead, Catherine S. Durso, Eric T. Schultz
EEB Articles
Ecological transitions across salinity boundaries have led to some of the most important diversification events in the animal kingdom, especially among fishes. Adaptations accompanying such transitions include changes in morphology, diet, whole-organism performance, and osmoregulatory function, which may be particularly prominent since divergent salinity regimes make opposing demands on systems that maintain ion and water balance. Research in the last decade has focused on the genetic targets underlying such adaptations, most notably by comparing populations of species that are distributed across salinity boundaries. Here, we synthesize research on the targets of natural selection using whole-genome approaches, with a particular emphasis …
An Investigation Of Epigenetic Mechanisms Driving The Biology Of Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, 2022 The Texas Medical Center Library
An Investigation Of Epigenetic Mechanisms Driving The Biology Of Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Scot Carson Callahan
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the 6th most common cancer worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. To date, the majority of work in the field has focused on genomic alterations such as mutations and copy number alterations. However, the clinical success of targeted therapies that exploit known genomic alterations, such as EGFR mutations, has remained mixed. Over the past decade, the importance of epigenetic regulators has come to the forefront, with the realization that many of these genes are mutated in cancer. Despite this realization, the role of epigenetics in regulating tumorigenesis, progression and …
Computational Approaches To Understand Chemoresistance & Tumor Evolution Using Longitudinal Clinical Data And Lineage Tracing, 2022 The Texas Medical Center Library
Computational Approaches To Understand Chemoresistance & Tumor Evolution Using Longitudinal Clinical Data And Lineage Tracing, Sahil Seth
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
Tumors are highly heterogeneous and dynamic, continually adapting and evolving in response to their microenvironment as well as external perturbations. Multi-region (spatial) and single cell sequencing has enabled us to anatomize the heterogeneity further and provide evidence of its association with chemo and drug resistance. To investigate this further we took two different approaches to understand the chemo-resistance, and functional heterogeneity in Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) and Pancreatic ductal carcinoma in situ (PDAC) from an evolutionary perspective.
The first approach was to leverage tumor profiling from an ongoing randomized clinical trial in triple-negative breast cancer (ARTEMIS) to assess mechanisms …
Investigating The Ecology And Evolution Of Normal Breast Tissues And Breast Cancer With Single Cell Genomics, 2022 The Texas Medical Center Library
Investigating The Ecology And Evolution Of Normal Breast Tissues And Breast Cancer With Single Cell Genomics, Tapsi Kumar, Tapsi Kumar
Dissertations & Theses (Open Access)
There is vast cellular heterogeneity in human breast tissues, with different transcriptional programs in the stromal, epithelial, and immune components, however, it remains unclear how their reprogramming and interplay leads to the progression of invasive phenotypes such as Triple- Negative Breast cancer (TNBC). To do define the microenvironmental alterations that occur during cancer, we first established a human breast cell atlas, a reference of normal breast cell types from disease free women. We profiled 535,941 cells from 62 women and 124,024 nuclei from 20 women revealing 11 major cell types and 52 cell states that reflect different biological functions that …
Functional Role Of Ppal And Potential For Moss In Industrial Applications., 2022 University of Louisville
Functional Role Of Ppal And Potential For Moss In Industrial Applications., Susana Perez Martinez
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is an examination and characterization of the functional roles of PPAL. PROTEIN PRENYLTRANSFERASE ALPHA SUBUNIT-LIKE (PPAL) is a recently discovered gene. PPAL homologs are present in all plants and many animals, where its function is largely unknown. It is possible that PPAL could participate in prenylation processes since it shares similarity to the α subunits of known prenylation enzymes. Prenylation is a post-translational modification of proteins that involves the addition of a lipid moiety to proteins to facilitate membrane targeting and association and promote protein-protein interactions. Prenylation has important roles in plant growth and development, including …
Scalable Software Infrastructure For The Lab And A Specific Investigation Of The Yeast Transcription Factor Eds1, 2022 Washington University in St. Louis
Scalable Software Infrastructure For The Lab And A Specific Investigation Of The Yeast Transcription Factor Eds1, Chase Mateusiak
McKelvey School of Engineering Theses & Dissertations
Individual biology labs handle increasingly large data sets. Ensuring accurate data entry, consistent sample metadata, and ease of access to the data once it is stored, are critical for both the integrity of analysis as well as productivity of the lab. Chapter 1 one of this thesis describes three implementations of software meant to facilitate handling data and metadata in the lab as the size of the data and complexity of analysis scale. The first piece of software is a database and entry interface for storing a large and varied amount of data on biological samples. The second is a …
Unraveling The Genetic Architecture Of Somatic Embryogenesis In Upland Cotton, 2022 Clemson University
Unraveling The Genetic Architecture Of Somatic Embryogenesis In Upland Cotton, Adam M. Canal
All Theses
Somatic embryogenesis is the de novo development of asexual embryos because of the plasticity of the plant cell. In tissue culture, the biochemical and genetic mechanisms of dedifferentiated callus tissues can be reprogrammed to transdifferentiate into developed, polarized embryos, which can ultimately regenerate into whole plants. Although this rarely occurs in nature, scientists have exploited this process for decades to regenerate whole plants following gene transformation or for micropropagation. While some species are amenable to in vitro regeneration, upland cotton is particularly recalcitrant, with regenerative potential being confined to only several genotypes. The lack of elite, regenerable genotypes greatly restricts …
Genomic Tools And Models For Investigating The Role Of Germline Diversity In Mouse Antibody Repertoire Development., 2022 University of Louisville
Genomic Tools And Models For Investigating The Role Of Germline Diversity In Mouse Antibody Repertoire Development., Justin T. Kos
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Given the diversity and complexity within immunoglobulin (IG) loci, effective mouse models first require characterization of intra-strain differences and construction of high-quality reference assemblies for IG loci in several representative strains. To understand light chain germline diversity across biomedically significant mouse strains, we profiled the expressed IGK and IGL repertoires of 18 commonly used laboratory mouse strains using AIRR-seq. Across strains, we observed germline IGKV sequences shared by three different IGK haplotypes and a more conserved IGLV germline repertoire among common laboratory strains. Pacific Biosciences (PacBio) Single-Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing was used to sequence and assemble bacterial artificial chromosomes (BAC) …
Effects Of Continuous In Situ Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation On Microorganisms, 2022 Clemson University
Effects Of Continuous In Situ Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation On Microorganisms, Molly E. Wintenberg
All Dissertations
Precise detection and monitoring of nuclear fuel cycle, enrichment, and weapon development activities are critical for supporting warfighter preparation in chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and explosives (CBRNE) operations, clandestine activities, and nuclear compliance. A biological sensing system could serve as an alternative to traditional detection methods by using organic material naturally present in the environment to discreetly detect residual trace nuclear material. Microorganisms provide an optimal platform for an alternative sensing system; however, their response to low levels of ionizing radiation is poorly characterized. Combining the power of next-generation sequencing and transcriptomic analysis, this dissertation takes an approach to obtain …
Exploration Of Genes Controlling Grain Yield Heterosis In Hybrid Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Utilizing 3ʹ Rna Sequencing, 2022 University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Exploration Of Genes Controlling Grain Yield Heterosis In Hybrid Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) Utilizing 3ʹ Rna Sequencing, Nichole Miller
Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
The implementation and future success of hybrid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is impacted by breeders’ inability to create consistent high yielding, high heterosis hybrids. This research addresses this problem by conducting an exploration of transcriptomes from hybrids and parent lines to determine what genes are active in heterotic or non-heterotic hybrids and how their level of expression can explain the phenotype of grain yield heterosis. Using hybrids that showed positive mid-parent heterosis (MPH), classified as heterotic in our study, and negative or no difference MPH hybrids, classified as non-heterotic, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) potentially related to heterosis and hybrid …
Spr-5; Met-2 Maternal Reprogramming Cooperates With The Dream Complex To Regulate Developmental Cell Fates, 2022 Kennesaw State University
Spr-5; Met-2 Maternal Reprogramming Cooperates With The Dream Complex To Regulate Developmental Cell Fates, Jazmin Dozier, Sandra Nguyen, Brandon Carpenter
Symposium of Student Scholars
Histone methylation is a post-transcriptional modification to the N-terminal tails of histone core proteins that regulates DNA accessibility, and consequently, gene expression. Like DNA, histone methylation can be inherited between generations, and is highly regulated during embryonic development. At fertilization, histone methylation must undergo maternal reprogramming to reset the epigenetic landscape in the new zygote. During maternal reprogramming of histone methylation in the nematode, C. elegans, H3K4me (a modification associated with active transcription) is removed by the H3K4 demethylase, SPR-5, and H3K9me (a modification associated with transcriptional repression) is subsequently added by the histone methyltransferase, MET-2. Recently, it was …
Microbial Diversity And Community Structure In Sediments Associated With The Seagrass (Thallassia Testudinum) In Apalachicola Bay, Florida, 2022 Kennesaw State University
Microbial Diversity And Community Structure In Sediments Associated With The Seagrass (Thallassia Testudinum) In Apalachicola Bay, Florida, Rahma Ahmed, Thomas Mcelroy, Troy Mutchler
Symposium of Student Scholars
Seagrass is an angiosperm which provides many ecosystem services in coastal areas, such as providing food, shelter and nurseries for many species, and decreasing the impact of waves on shorelines. A global assessment reported that 29% of known seagrass meadows are in a state of decline due to the effects of human activity. Seagrass is commonly found in shallow marine waters where they form meadows containing a microbiome that plays an important role in providing nutrients for seagrass growth, though little is known about the microorganisms within the seagrass meadow sediments. Our project collected sediments from seagrass meadows and adjacent …