Food Science Commons^™

Optimization Of The Extraction Process And Molecular Mechanism Of Inhibition On Tyrosinase Of Kojic Acid, Fang Jingjie, Chen Jian, Chen Yajuan, Liang Ying

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to develop new, efficient, safe and precise tyrosinase inhibitors. Methods: The orthogonal test was used to optimize the extraction conditions of kojic acid. The inhibitory effect of kojic acid on tyrosinase was studied by enzyme kinetics, and the mechanism of its interaction with tyrosinase from different sources was analyzed by molecular docking technology. Results: The optimum process conditions for extracting kojic acid were as follows: activated carbon content of 5%, decolorization temperature of 75 ℃, pH 2.0, decolorization time of 50 min, and the purity of kojic acid was 97.85%. the IC₅₀ of kojic acid …

Rapid Detection Of Methyl Parathion By Electrochemical Biosensor Based On Rgo-Aunps Modified Screen Printing Electrode, Geng Junhao, Li Xuezhi, Zhou Jianping, Chen Changhua

Food and Machinery

Objective: In order to achieve rapid detection of methyl parathion. Methods: An acetylcholinesterase sensor was prepared based on gold nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide for quantitative detection of Methyl parathion. Reduced graphene oxide, gold nanoparticles and acetylcholinesterase were successively modified on the surface of the screen printing electrode by layer-by-layer assembly method. The catalytic activity and impedance characteristics of the sensor, the relationship between the sensor's inhibition rate and MP concentration, and the actual sample detection were evaluated. Results: The prepared acetylcholinesterase biosensors showed excellent affinity for acetylthiocholine chloride with the Michaelis-Menten constant of 2.76 mmol/L. Under the optimal conditions, …

Determination Of Chlorantraniliprole And Penoxsulam Residues In Rice By Quechers-Uplc-Ms/Ms, Huang Zijie, Huang Pengmian, Luo Kuanneng, Xiang Zhongping, Zhang Honggang

Food and Machinery

Objective: To establish a new QuEChERS-ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method for the detection of chlorantraniliprole and penoxsulam residues in rice. Methods: After the sample was extracted with 0.2% formic acid-acetonitrile, purified with N-propylethylenediamine (PSA) and graphitized carbon black (GCB) packing, 0.2% formic acid water and acetonitrile were used as mobile phases for gradient elution, and then subjected to C₁₈ chromatography. UPLC-MS/MS was used to column separation and determination. Results: The limits of quantification (LOQ) of chlorantraniliprole and penoxsulam were both 0.004 mg/kg, and the method detection limits (LOD) were both 0.001 mg/kg. Chlorantraniliprole and penoxsulam had …

Fruit Variety And Freshness Recognition Method Based On Yolo-Ffd, Yan Zi, Chen Liangyan, Liu Weihua, Lai Huaqing, Ye Sheng

Food and Machinery

Objective: In order to improve the situation that existing fruit recognition and classification methods rely on manual operation and complex equipment. Methods: A lightweight model YOLO-FFD (YOLO with fruit and freshen detection) was proposed, which based on the YOLOv5 framework. Firstly, LightweightC3 was designed as the basic unit of the backbone feature extraction network based on the depth separable convolution and GELU activation function, which reduced the number of model parameters and computation, and speeds up the convergence of the model. Secondly, EnhancedC3, a large kernel depth separable convolution module, was used to improve the neck of the original model, …

Compression Characteristics And Damage Mechanism Of Rose Orange, Lu Siyu, Luo Qiang, Lai Yushu, Xia Qiming

Food and Machinery

Objective: Reduced the damage of rose orange in the process of packaging and transportation, and provided a theoretical basis for postharvest storage and spectral quality testing. Methods: According to the basic geometric data of rose orange and the maximum compression force and puncture force obtained from TPA test and puncture test, the finite element model was constructed to simulate the compression of rose orange. Results: The diameter of rose orange ranged from 58.2 mm to 78.6 mm, the average weight was 169.746 g, the average thickness of peel at the equator was 3.1 mm, the maximum puncture force was 6.26 …

Preparation, Structural Characteristics And Antioxidant Activity Of Cardamine Violifolia Oligopeptides, Wen Xiaolong, Xiang Jiqian, Zhang Liang, Li Yajie, Long Lan

Food and Machinery

Objective: This study aimed to prepare oligopeptidess of Camelina violifolia and expand its application range. Methods: C. violifolia protein was hydrolyzed by alkaline protease, and then used ultrafiltration membrane for isolating and concentrating, and obtained oligopeptides by freeze-drying. The structure and antioxidant activity of C. violifolia oligopeptides were analyzed. Results: The optimum conditions for the hydrolysis of C.violifolia protein were as follows: hydrolysis temperature 50 ℃, pH 10, enzyme dosage 4%, substrate concentration 2%, and hydrolysis degree 17.9%. The C. violifolia oligopeptides contents of protein and polypeptide were 49.01% and 42.87%, respectively. The oligopeptides had a strong absorption band at …

Review Of Caenorhabditis Elegans In Food Nutritional Function Evaluation, Chen Wang, He Hailun, Zheng Yanjun, Yi Cuiping

Food and Machinery

As an ideal model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans has been increasingly used in the evaluation of the nutritional function of food. Compared with other models such as cells and mice, C. elegans have the advantages of small size, short lifespan, high genetic homology with humans, easy observation of research results, and large batch culture in the laboratory. Therefore, the article summarizes the research methods, potential mechanisms and research progress of C. elegans in food nutritional function such as anti-obesity, antioxidant and anti-aging. In order to provide a reference for new methods in the evaluation of food nutrition function.

Research Progress On Polyphenols In Chestnut Rose Fruit, Yin Yanyan, Zhang Jian, Lu Lunwei, Li Lulu, Zhang Deqin

Food and Machinery

Chestnut rose fruit, known as "Three King fruits", has high edible value and medicinal value. Polyphenols are the second major functional component of chestnut rose fruit with pharmacological and health functions such as antioxidant, regulation of glucose and lipid metabolism, anti-inflammatory and bacteriostatic, antialcoholism and liver protection, and have great potential for food development. This review summarized the research progress of the classification, extraction, qualitative and quantitative analysis, and bioactivity of chestnut rose fruit polyphenols in recent years and prospected the future development direction.

Simulation Analysis Of The Influencing Parameters On The Shelling Efficiency Of Rubber Roller Husker Based On Adams, Wang Zixiao, Wang Wangping, Song Shaoyun

Food and Machinery

Objective: Improve the hulling efficiency of the rice huller. Methods: Simulated the process of rice hulling, and analyzed the influence of various parameters on the hulling process by changing the movement speed of the rubber roller and the line speed difference. Firstly, the model of huller and the model of single-sided shelled brown rice were established in SolidWorks, and then the established model was imported into ADAMS for simulation, and the effects of the corresponding factors on the hulling efficiency of huller were observed by changing the rotational speeds of the fast and slow rollers, the difference in line speeds …

Representation Matters: Content Analysis Of Breastfeeding Images In A Commercial Stock Image Bank, Lauren M. Dinour, Melanie Shefchik

Department of Nutrition and Food Studies Scholarship and Creative Works

Several behavioral change theories posit that normative influences contribute to breastfeeding behaviors and disparities. Given that media has historically presented a narrow view of what is deemed normative in human milk feeding, this study describes who and what is represented in breastfeeding images available in a stock image bank, and whether differences exist based on the breastfeeding parent’s skin color. Using content analysis, the most relevant 2% (n = 2284) of breastfeeding and lactation images in Adobe Stock were coded for 60 variables within 12 categories, such as skin color, ability, setting, skin exposure, etc. Descriptive statistics were used …

Microbial Production Of Feed Amino Acids Promotes Reduction And Replacement Of Soybean Meal, Jia Liu, Qi Sheng, Kaifang Liu, Liming Liu

Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Chinese Version)

With the promotion of soybean meal reduction and substitution as well as lower-protein diet technologies, China has become a leading global producer of feed amino acids. However, the amino acid industry faces significant challenges due to its relatively late start in independently developing industrial strains, resulting in relatively lagging key economic and technical parameters and a less robust intellectual property framework. The rapid progress of synthetic biology has provided promising avenues for the design and optimization of industrial amino acid-producing strains, offering new opportunities for the amino acid fermentation industry to enhance the global competitiveness. This study offers an in-depth …

Colloidal Calcium Phosphate (Ccp) Causes Problematic Acid Variation In Cheddar Cheese, Sakshi Singh

Research on Capitol Hill

pH variation in cheese during the early ripening stages causes changes in the texture, body, and flavor of cheese. The dairy industry, encompassing over 50,000 dairy farms nationwide and several regional dairy farmers and companies in Utah, suffers substantial financial loss as cheese with varying pH is rendered mostly useless.

Dna Barcoding Of Herbal Supplements On The U.S. Commercial Market Associated With The Purported Treatment Of Covid-19, Calin M. Harris, Diane Y. Kim, Chevon R. Jordan, Miranda I. Miranda, Rosalee S. Hellberg

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Introduction

The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with an increased global use of traditional medicines, including Ayurvedic herbal preparations. Due to their growing demand, their processed nature, and the complexity of the global supply chain, there is an increased risk of adulteration in these products.

Objectives

The objective of this study was to assess the use of DNA barcoding for species identification in herbal supplements on the US market associated with the Ayurvedic treatment of respiratory symptoms.

Methods

A total of 54 commercial products containing Ayurvedic herbs were tested with four DNA barcoding regions (i.e., rbcL, matK, ITS2, and …

Twenty-Eight Years Of Gm Food And Feed Without Harm: Why Not Accept Them?, Richard E. Goodman

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Since the first genetically engineered or modified crops or organisms (GMO) were approved for commercial production in 1995, no new GMO has been proven to be a hazard or cause harm to human consumers. These modifications have improved crop efficiency, reduced losses to insect pests, reduced losses to viral and microbial plant pathogens and improved drought tolerance. A few have focused on nutritional improvements producing beta carotene in Golden Rice. Regulators in the United States and countries signing the CODEX Alimentarius and Cartagena Biosafety agreements have evaluated human and animal food safety considering potential risks of allergenicity, toxicity, nutritional and …

Twenty-Eight Years Of Gm Food And Feed Without Harm: Why Not Accept Them?, Richard E. Goodman

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Since the first genetically engineered or modified crops or organisms (GMO) were approved for commercial production in 1995, no new GMO has been proven to be a hazard or cause harm to human consumers. These modifications have improved crop efficiency, reduced losses to insect pests, reduced losses to viral and microbial plant pathogens and improved drought tolerance. A few have focused on nutritional improvements producing beta carotene in Golden Rice. Regulators in the United States and countries signing the CODEX Alimentarius and Cartagena Biosafety agreements have evaluated human and animal food safety considering potential risks of allergenicity, toxicity, nutritional and …

Different Substrate Selectivity And Product Patterns Of Immobilized Thermophilic Lipases From Geobacillus Stearothermophilus, Anoxybacillus Flavithermus, And Thermomyces Lanuginosus For Glyceryl Decanoate Synthesis, Teif A. Najm, Marie K. Walsh, Namhyeon Park

Nutrition, Dietetics, and Food Sciences Faculty Publications

Lipases can catalyze synthesis reactions in a micro aqueous system, producing useful partial glycerides (mono- and diglycerides), and these compounds are commonly utilized in different products as surfactants. Depending on the microbial sources for lipases, immobilization conditions, and starting substrates for synthesis reaction, the composition and yields of the resulting partial glycerides could be variable. These differences could lead to the final efficacy of partial glycerides as surfactants in targeted products. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a group of immobilized lipases from different microbial sources with information about substrate specificity to produce effective partial glycerides for various product types. …

Exploring The Significance Of The Traditional Chef’S Uniform In Making Sense Of Professionalism In Culinary Arts Using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, Orla Mc Connell

European Journal of Food Drink and Society

Previous studies have found that professionalism is an important success factor for chefs. Yet, research on what professionalism “means” to chefs, and how they “make sense” of it, is currently underexplored. While there is some evidence of the significance of the traditional chef’s uniform in professional identity formation, it also needs further consideration. Culinary arts lecturers and chefs have already contributed to these discussions, but the student voice remains largely unknown. Alongside this, there is no prior research specifically on professionalism in culinary arts in Ireland. Therefore, a research gap emerged, which this paper intends to address. Using interpretative phenomenological …

Changes In Milk Protein Functionality At Low Temperatures And Rennet Concentrations, Mahmoud E. A. Hamouda, Prafulla Salunke

Dairy Science and Food Science Faculty Publications: 2022 to Present

This study aimed to evaluate the influence of low-concentration rennet on the chemical, rheological characteristics, and protein fractions of skim milk (SM) at 4 ± 1 °C. Skimmed milk (SM) was divided into four lots of 500 mL, and diluted rennet (1:10,000) was added at different levels at 4 ± 1 °C. The treatments included control (no rennet), T1 (0.001 mL/rennet), T2 (0.01 mL rennet), and T3 (0.1 mL rennet) treatments, which were incubated for 24 h. The sampling was performed at 0, 1, 2, 6, 12, and 24 h, and the SM after incubation time was heated to 73 …

Growing South Dakota (Winter 2024), College Of Agriculture, Food And Environmental Sciences

Growing South Dakota (Publication of the College of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences)

[Page] 3 Continuing a Leadership Journey
[Page] 5 CAFES Leadership Team Grows
[Page] 7 Award-Winning Faculty & Staff
[Page] 9 New Endowment Holders Recognized
[Page] 10 Inaugural Precision Livestock Field School Offered at SDSU Cottonwood Field Station
[Page] 11 SDSU Celebrates Professional Program in Veterinary Medicine Students [Page] 13 Clay Carlson, SDSU Meat Science Graduate Student Approaches School and Life with Winning Mindset
[Page] 15 SDSU Alumni has been selected as the Head Coach of the South Dakota State University Livestock Judging Team
[Page] 16 Livestock Units Promote Hands-On Learning & Premier Research
[Page] 20 SDSU leads NSF-backed fertilizer development …

Microbial Prevalence And Antibiotic Resistance Associated With Urban Food Production Systems, Nirosha Ruwani Amarasekara

Wayne State University Dissertations

Despite the increasing popularity of urban agriculture and farmers’ markets, there is a lack of scientific data on microbial prevalence and antibiotic resistance associated with this unique food production system. The overall goal of this research is to understand antibiotic resistance and microbial prevalence in soil and fresh produce associated with urban agriculture. Specifically, we aim to investigate ARG in association with resistance genes to metals and other compounds in urban agricultural soil as well as antibiotic resistome and Listeria contamination in fresh produce distributed in urban communities.

In the initial phase of this research, soil samples were collected from …