Food Science Commons^™

Research Progress On Determination Method Of Mineral Elements In Milk And Dairy Products, Chen Danjin, Mu Guangqing, Jiang Tiemin, Liu Jichao, Zhao Junying, Li Hedan, Chen Lijun

Food and Machinery

The number of kinds and the corresponding capacities of mineral elements in milk and dairy products are key criteria to evaluate their nutritional quality. Thus choosing an efficient, sensitive and rapid detection method for mineral elements is important to the research, production, and trade of dairy products. This paper first discussed the pretreatment method for digesting milk or diary products, and then made comparisons among different detection methods, including flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS), graphite furnace atomic absorption specteometry (GFAAS), hydride generation atomic absorption specteometry (HGAAS), atomic fluorescence spectrometric (AFS), atomic emission spectrometry (AES), inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrum (ICP—MS), enzyme-linked …

Progress On Refrigeration Systems And Cold Storage Methods Of Fishing Boats, Zhu Shixin, Xie Jing, Guo Yaojun, Wang Jinfeng, Tang Yuanrui

Food and Machinery

In the process of fishing on boats, refrigeration technology has a direct impact on the nutrition and economic value of catches. Based on the analysis of different refrigeration systems and methods of cold storage, the resent research progress on refrigeration systems was summarized, which might be useful to provide the basis for the improvements and optimization design of refrigeration system on the fishing boats. At present, there were four methods to keep the catches fresh by low temperature, such as iced preservation, sea water preservation, partial freezing preservation and freezing preservation. Among them, the former three refrigerated preservation methods usually …

Research Development On Preservation Methods Of Salmon, Zhang Ning, Xie Jing

Food and Machinery

Salmon has a delicious tasty and rich nutrition, but it’s perishable. Several current preservation methods such as cold storage, super-chilled storage, ice storage, controlled atmosphere were reviewed. The principles and characteristics of these methods were introduced. A review of research status in the preservation methods of salmon was analyzed, at the same time, some existing problems and future development trends of the preservation methods of salmon were also proposed.

Reasearch Progress On Application Of Fat Substitutes In Ice Cream, Chen Long, Liu Aiguo, Ji Ruiqing, Cehn Zhenzhen, Li Xiaomin

Food and Machinery

Fat substitutes can replace the fat of traditional ice cream, reduce heat, and promote the health of consumers. This paper reviews the research methods and results of recent research scholars to apply fat substitutes in ice cream. Forecast the problem exist and development prospects of fat substitutes.

Experience And Reference Of Criminal Regulation On Food Crime In Taiwan, Gu Yongjing

Food and Machinery

Food problem is a major issue related to national and social stability, but due to the constraints of various factors, food criminal regulation in Chinese exists provisions of "Criminal Law" and "Food Safety Law" lack of coordination, lack of support for food safety hazards regulation of a type of crime, lack of reasonable punishment setting and other issues. But Taiwan there are a rich experience in Taiwan, which not only focus on the convergence of food safety criminal law and other laws, but also has a wide range of criminal regulation of food safety in the penalty set Scientifically. Therefore, …

Research On Legal Regulation Of Genetically Modified Food, Dou Yusi, Jiang Wenyu

Food and Machinery

GM food is an important achievement in the development of biotechnology, and it has two sides as any other achievements. Taking into account the special nature of GM food, it needs to make effective legal regulation to regulate the impossible problems. Europe, Japan and other developed countries establish experimental and listing approval system, a isolation system and labeling system specifically. The US also sets up legal principle of non discrimination for supervision of GM food. Combined with the present situation of legal regulation on GM food in China, several steps should be taken, for adopting formal legislation, enacting specific workable …

Criminal Law And Regulation Of Food Safety In China, Zhang Fengxue

Food and Machinery

There are four major problems existing in China's food safety supervision and management. They are imperfection in the system of laws on food safety, obvious defect of current criminal law governing food safety crimes, insufficient understanding for supervisory staff to hazard of food safety crimes, absence of workable accountability system for supervisory staff who spoil their duty. Those existing problems have caused frequent crisis of food safety. To tackle these problems, a legally governing system, which should be mainly supported by the system of criminal law, needs to be established to unify names of crime for food safety crime and …

Study On Disclosure Systems Of Accounting Information In Food Enterprises For Social Responsibility, Lin Haichao

Food and Machinery

With the continuous development of China's economy, food security issues have become increasingly prominent. An important reason for food safety problems is the lack of corporate social responsibility. Chinese food enterprises are lack of social responsibility accounting system. The social responsibility accounting information disclosure is imperfect and weak sense of corporate social responsibility to food companies. The relevant laws are inadequate. Food companies should be part of the social responsibility of compulsory disclosure of accounting information. The government should develop and improve social responsibility accounting of relevant laws and regulations, and also should strengthen supervision and promote corporate social responsibility …

Food Safety Problems In Food Logistics And Related Measures, Zeng Yuying

Food and Machinery

Food safety and people's life and health are closely related, its importance is self-evident. The problem of food safety in food logistics mainly in several cases includes food spoilage, chemical pollution and breakage of packing and food expiring. The reasons for these food safety problems are many and varied, not only the logistics industry itself is inefficient, too many intermediate links, technology and self-discipline ability, lack of infrastructure investment, but also the unperfect legal system, the supervision in relevant departments. Therefore, the corresponding countermeasures should be found from two aspects in national and food logistics operator. National level can improve …

Comparative Analysis Of Bacterial Community Structure Of Chinese Fen-Daqus, Ye Guangbin, Wang Caihong, Wang Yi, Zhen Pan, Wang Yong, Luo Huibo

Food and Machinery

The bacterial community structure of three types Fen-Daqus (Qingcha Daqu, Houhuo Daqu and Hongxin Daqu) were studied through construction of bacteria 16S rRNA gene clone library, sequencing and phylogenetic analyses. The results showed that the bacteria communities of three types Fen-Daqus were both distributed in Bacilli, Actinobacteridae, Gammaproteobacteria. But there are some specific differences in detail composition of the bacterial species among the three types Fen-Daqus. Lactobacillus and Staphylococcus were the dominant bacteria in Qingcha Daqu (the ratio to total clones were 37.78% and 22.22% separately); Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus, Bacillus and Weissella were the dominant bacteria in Houhuo Daqu (the ratio …

Detection Of Common Defects In Jujube Fruit Using Hyperspectral Imaging, Wang Wanjiao, He Xiaoguang, Wang Songlei, Liu Guishan, Wu Longguo

Food and Machinery

A hyperspectral imaging technology combined with the principal component analysis (PCA) and the minimum noise fraction (MNF) methods were developed for the detection of common defects in Lingwu long jujubes, and investigated the influence of the background to recognition of defects. Firstly, the hyperspectral images of jujube samples (insect hole, crack and intact jujubes) were acquired. Secondly, the PCA and MNF methods were used to reduce dimensionality of hyperspectral images and to separate the noise from signals effectively. The PC1 and M1 images of insect hole and intact jujube, PC2 and M2 images of crack jujube were selected to distinguish …

Determination Of Β-Lactams By Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry With Quechers In Goat Milk, Wang Shuaishuai, Zheng Xiaoping, Meng Jin, He Yabin

Food and Machinery

A method was developed for simultaneous determination of 8 β-lactams in goat milk by QuEChERS-ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC—MS/MS). The milk was extracted with acetonitrile, purified with C₁₈ and PSA sorbent and separated by an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈ column using water (containing 0.1% formic acid) and acetonitrile as mobile phase. The mass spectrometric acquisitions were carried out by means of multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) in positive ionization mode. The linear relation of eight β-lactams was good and the correlation coefficient was more than 0.986. The recovery rates of the target analyte were between 83.8%～95.4%. The …

Studies On Antifreezing Of Silver Carp Enzymatic-Hydrolysates In Frozen Surimi, Li Xianghong, Liu Zhongxiang, Deng Haiping, Liu Yongle, Yu Jian, Wang Faxiang, Wang Jianhui

Food and Machinery

The application of silver carp enzymatic-hydrolysates (Protamex hydrolysates, PH and Alcalase hydrolysates, AH) in frozen surimi was studied, with an untreated mince (CTRL) and the effects of sucrose–sorbitol on the frozen surimi as the comparison. Amino acid composition and amino acid nitrogen analysis showed that PH had higher contents of Asp, Lys and free amino acids (P<0.05). Relative molecular weight distribution results indicated that PH had more fractions of high molecular weights. Textural analysis of frozen surimi demonstrated that after 4 weeks frozen, gel strength and hardness of 2% PH and sucrose-sorbitol added group increased. Elasticity of all the samples was slightly lower. And under the frozen condition, all samples’ color was less affected. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results displayed that protein aggregation of 2% PH and sucrose-sorbitol added groups were less, and the microstructures were less porous and more homogeneous. The surfaces of CTRL and 8% AH added groups showed obvious holes. This study indicates that PH can help to maintain quality of frozen surimi, and provides preliminary evidence for development of a possible new generation cryoprotectans using silver carp hydrolysates.

Optimization On Conditions Of Debittering Of Clarified Pommelo Juice By D101 Resin, Tang Hui, Zhong Ruimin, Xiao Zijun

Food and Machinery

The debittering conditions of pommelo juice were improved and optimized by D101 macroporous resin. The single-factor experiments and orthogonal experiments were evaluated by debittering rate of naringin and limonlids, the loss rate of Vc and the sensory evaluation, and were studied with various factors, including different amount of resin, debittering temperature, debittering time, pH value and so on. The results of best debitterize conditions by D101 macroporous resin were as follows: the resin usage was 1.7%, adsorption time was 18 min, adsorption temperature was 30 ℃ and juice's pH was 3.5. Under these conditions, the debittering rate of pommelo juice …

Public Health Metrics: Key Considerations And Criteria For Food Safety Modernization, Glen P. Mays

Health Management and Policy Presentations

Robust measures of public health impact are needed to guide implementation of the U.S. Food Safety Modernization Act. This session describes strategies used in the field of public health services research to specify and select measures based on considerations of relevance, tractability, attribution, precision, and feasibility.

Prokaryotic Diversity In The Rhizosphere Of Organic, Intensive, And Transitional Coffee Farms In Brazil, Adam Caldwell, Livia Silva, Cynthia Da Silva, Cleber Ouverney

Faculty Publications, Biological Sciences

Despite a continuous rise in consumption of coffee over the past 60 years and recent studies showing positive benefits linked to human health, intensive coffee farming practices have been associated with environmental damage, risks to human health, and reductions in biodiversity. In contrast, organic farming has become an increasingly popular alternative, with both environmental and health benefits. This study aimed to characterize and determine the differences in the prokaryotic soil microbiology of three Brazilian coffee farms: one practicing intensive farming, one practicing organic farming, and one undergoing a transition from intensive to organic practices. Soil samples were collected from 20 …

Welcome To The Jungle...Beer, Singapore Management University

Perspectives@SMU

How one man's passion for beer led to a craft beer business

High Moisture Extrusion Of Oatmeal, Brandon F. Coleman

Master's Theses

Oats are considered to be a highly nutritious breakfast food available to consumers. Heightened consumer interest in functional food products and advances in human nutrition have led to increased levels of interest in the development of new oat based products (Webster and Wood 2011). Developments in technology have led to manufacturing of instant oatmeal, making the product more convenient to consumers. Low moisture extrusion processing is one of the most widely used methods to produce ready to eat breakfast cereals; however, there has been little research carried out to determine if high moisture extrusion methods would be viable. This study …

Multiphysics Modeling To Enhance Understanding Of Microwave Heating Of Food In Domestic Ovens, Jiajia Chen

Department of Agricultural and Biological Systems Engineering: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Nonuniform heating is the biggest issue in the microwave heating of prepared meals. Multiphysics based models are promising tools to improve microwave heating uniformity by properly designing the food product. However, limited availability of accurate temperature-dependent material properties, inadequate model prediction accuracy, and high computational power and complexity in model development are three gaps that greatly limited the application of these models in the food industry.

To fill in the gaps, firstly, we developed a multitemperature calibration protocol to measure temperature-dependent dielectric properties (dielectric constant and loss factor). The temperature-dependent dielectric and thermal (thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity) properties …

The Biological Consequences Of Kaolin Geophagia, Deloris Alexander, Desire Richardson, Lakisha Odom, Kara Cromwell, Dejuana Grant, Micoya Myers, Eddy Cadet, Hamid Mahama, Vijaya Rangari, Ralphenia Pace, Ramble Ankumah, Kokoasse Kpomblekou-A, Curtis Fluker

Professional Agricultural Workers Journal

Abstract

Kaolin geophagia is associated with the relief of gastrointestinal distress, but it may also cause adverse health effects on the body. This study was designed to: assess kaolin composition; test if 129SvEv mice would consume kaolin and determine the consequences of consumption; and assess rotational stress modulation of consumption. Thirteen kaolin samples were purchased from Alabama and Georgia stores. Chemical and physical properties were characterized for each sample using a Munsell chart, pH meter, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Visible Near-InfraRed Spectra, and Inductively Coupled Plasma-Optical Emission Spectrometry. Kaolin was then given to mice as food supplements and …