Food Science Commons^™

Discussion On The Integrated Development Of Chinese Medicine Diet And Foods For Special Dietary Industry, Li Ling, Xia Xinbin, Zhou Liangrong

Food and Machinery

Chinese medical diet, like foods for special dietary uses, can provide special or targeted physiological substances and nutrients for specific groups with scientific methods, so as to improve the basic nutrition metabolism of specific groups and reduce unnecessary metabolic burden .This article suggests that the traditional Chinese medicine diet with national characteristics and a long history should be integrated with the special diet food industry, so as to promote the rapid growth of the special diet industry with Chinese characteristics and enhance the international competitiveness of China's special diet food.

Development Of A Dna Mini-Barcoding Protocol Targeting Coi For The Identification Of Elasmobranch Species In Shark Cartilage Pills, Rowena J. Zahn, Anthony J. Silva, Rosalee S. Hellberg

Food Science Faculty Articles and Research

Many elasmobranch (shark and ray) species are considered threatened and their identification in processed products is important for conservation and authentication purposes. However, identification of elasmobranch species in shark cartilage pills has proven difficult using existing methodologies. The objective of this study was to develop a DNA mini-barcoding protocol using a ~130 bp region of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for species identification in shark cartilage pills. A total of 22 shark cartilage products underwent DNA extraction in duplicate using the DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen). The effectiveness of a clean-up step following DNA extraction was …

Investigating The Knowledge Surrounding Folate And Folic Acid In A Cohort Of Vegetarians, Michael Dolan, Katherine Younger, Lucy Brennan, Jessica Roche

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Background
The aim is to identify any gaps in the knowledge of folate and folic acid in vegetarians, which is of interest given the increasing adoption of vegetarian type diets.

Methods
In this convenience sample, 106 people answered an online questionnaire regarding folate intake and awareness among vegetarians. This was created using Google Forms and was shared via Facebook, including on various national and college vegetarian group pages. There were 44 questions. Twenty-four participants were excluded, because they reported eating fish, chicken or other meat. Final data analysis included 82 subjects. The majority of these vegetarians were females over the …

The Conjoint Effect Of Front-Label Claims’ Surface Size And Distance-To-Center On Customers’ Visual Attention And Emotional Response, Ana Isabel Rodríguez-Escudero, Pilar Carbonell, Pablo Moreno-Albaladejo

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

The research purpose is to develop a better understanding on how two claim characteristics, surface size and distance-to-center, affect customers’ attention and emotional responses.The study is based on information obtained from 42 shoppers from a retail chain in Great Britain. Visual attention is measured using an eye-tracking methodology and customers’ emotions by electrodermal activity (EDA), a common indicator of autonomic nervous system (ANS). Our research reveals that, for claims located close to the center of the label, increases in surface size compensate for the attention loss associated with moving the claim further off the center. However, for peripheral product claims, …

Imatinib Mesylate Effects On Zebrafish Reproductive Success: Gonadal Development, Gamete Quality, Fertility, Embryo-Larvae Viability And Development, And Related Genes, Nader Ahmadi, Seyed-Mohammadreza Samaee, Robert A. Yokel, Aliasghar Tehrani

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Imatinib (IM) is a tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitor (TKI) used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia. Clinical case reports and a few laboratory mammal studies provide inconclusive evidence about its deleterious effects on reproduction. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the potential of zebrafish to characterize IM-induced effects on reproduction and clarify IM effects on reproductive success. To this end, we exposed adult zebrafish to four concentrations of IM for 30 days followed by a 30-day depuration period. IM exposure caused a concentration-dependent, irreversible, suppression of folliculogenesis, reversible decrease in sperm density and motility, decreased fecundity and fertility, …

Seaweeds As Nutraceuticals For Health And Nutrition, Emer Shannon, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam

Articles

Throughout human history, seaweeds have been used as food, folk remedies, dyes, and as mineral-rich fertilisers. Seaweeds as nutraceuticals or functional foods with dietary benefits beyond their fundamental macronutrient content are now a major research and industrial development concept. The occurrence of dietary and lifestyle related diseases, notably type 2 diabetes, obesity, cancer, and metabolic syndrome has become a health epidemic in developed countries. Global epidemiological studies have shown that countries where seaweed is consumed on a regular basis have significantly fewer instances of obesity and dietary-related disease. This review outlines recent developments in seaweed applications for human health from …

Bioinformatics Identification Of Anti-Crispr Loci By Using Homology, Guilt-By-Association, And Crispr Self-Targeting Spacer Approaches, Yanbin Yin, Bowen Yang, Sarah Entwistle

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Anti-CRISPR (Acr) loci/operons encode Acr proteins and Acr-associated (Aca) proteins. Forty-five Acr families have been experimentally characterized inhibiting seven subtypes of CRISPR-Cas systems. We have developed a bioinformatics pipeline to identify genomic loci containing Acr homologs and/or Aca homologs by combining three computational approaches: homology, guilt-by-association, and self-targeting spacers. Homology search found thousands of Acr homologs in bacterial and viral genomes, but most are homologous to AcrIIA7 and AcrIIA9. Investigating the gene neighborhood of these Acr homologs revealed that only a small percentage (23.0% in bacteria and 8.2% in viruses) of them have neighboring Aca homologs and thus form Acr-Aca …

Application Of Active And Edible Films Of Sodium Caseinate To Extend The Shelf-Life Of Argentine Pategrás Cheese, Brenda S. Álvarez, Natalia Damiani, Marina Czerner, Josefa F. Martucci, Liesel B. Gende

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Argentine Pategrás cheese is one of the most popular types of cheese in Argentina. The main spoilage causes in these products are microbiological contamination and lipid rancidity. Semi-hard cheeses are usually covered with a paraffin wax that favors its preservation. When pieces are stored, cutting faces must be protected to prevent desiccation and contamination. Active biodegradable films are an alternative to the traditional materials, in particular, casein-based edible films are attractive for food applications. In the present work, active films of sodium caseinate with oregano (Origanum vulgare) and laurel (Laurus nobilis) essential oils were produced for …

Vlerat Nutricionale (Ushqyese) Të Dredhzës Dhe Ndikimi Në Shëndetin E Njeriut, Sara Selimi

Theses and Dissertations

Dredhëzat (Fragaria x Ananassa Duch.) si fruta vlerësohen të jenë të rëndësishme në dietën tonë për shkak të karakteristikave të tyre senzorike dhe vlerave ushqyese. Dredhëzat janë shumë të dobishme për aktivitetin biologjik në shëndetin e njeriut. Qëllimi i këtij studimi ishte analizimi e cilësisë ushqyese duke u bazuar në parametrat kimik të mostrave të dredhëzave të freskëta të marra nga plantacionionet në Kosovë pas fazës së pjekjes.Parametrat e mëposhtëm të cilësisë të cilat u përcaktuan në frutin e dredhëzës janë: pH, materia e thatë, materiet e ngurta të tretshme (TSS) e shpehur në shkallën ◦Brix, aciditeti total (TA), raporti …

Cilësia Dhe Vlerat Ushqyese Të Ushqimit Për Foshnja, Diellza Azemi

Theses and Dissertations

Ushqimi komercial për fëmijë perfshinë ato produkte që bëhen zakonisht me drithëra,fruta dhe perime,sheqer dhe aditivë të ndryshëm. Ashtu si produktet ushqimore të destinuara për përdorime të veçanta ushqyese, ushqimet për fëmijë dhe për foshnja kërkojnë seri udhëzimesh të rrepta si cilësia dhe siguria ushqyese, shtimi dhe kontrollimi i aditivëve dhe etiketimi. Sidoqoftë, duke qenë një shtesë e rëndësishme për dietën e foshnjave dhe fëmijëve dhe për përshtatjen e tyre me ushqimin e zakonshëm, cilësinë ushqyese e ushqimit komercial për foshnja dhe fëmijë të bazuar në drithëra,fruta dhe perime ka rendesi shumë të madhe. Shembuj të ushqimit komercial për foshnja …

Hulumtim Për Treguesit E Qelizave Somatike Në Kualitetin E Qumështit Të Freskët Nga Mostrat E Sjellura Nga Regjioni I Prishtinës, Shkurta Bajraktari

Theses and Dissertations

Qumështi i cili prodhohet në fermat e lopëve qumështore në Kosovë, përveç që duhet të jetë i kompletuar në aspektin kimik, fizik dhe organoleptik, patjetër që duhet të jetë higjienikisht i pastërt. Kjo nënkupton që qumështi të mos ketë mikroorganizma patogjen si dhe të mos ketë rritje të numrit të mikroorganizmave mbi normat ligjore të cilat e rregullojnë këtë çështje si dhe të mos ketë rritje të numrit të qelizave somatike në qumësht. Qelizat somatike në fakt janë qeliza të sistemit imun (mbrojtës) të organizmit me funksion të veçantë, luftimin e mikroorganizmave në gjëndrën qumështore, ku edhe sintetizohet qumështi. Rritja …

Prezenca E Antibiotikëve (B Laktameve) Ne Qumësht Të Freskët, Luljeta Rukolli

Theses and Dissertations

Qumështi si lëndë e parë me origjinë shtazore dhe si ushqim, patjeter duhet të jetë i kompletuar në aspektin kimik, organoleptik, mikrobiologjik dhe i lirë nga mbetjet. Në kuadër të mbetjeve, rëndësi të madhe kanë edhe antibiotikët pasi që këta përdoren në praktikë gjatë trajtimit të kafshëve qumështore, kryesisht kundër infeksioneve. Në kuadër të antibiotikëve të cilët përdoren në lopët qumështore janë padyshim edhe Beta-laktamet (Ampicilina). Pasi që mbetjet janë të ndaluara në qumësht sepse shkaktojne çrregullime shëndetësore tek konsumatori i cili e përdorë këtë qumësht, patjetër që monitorimi i mbetjeve të antibiotikëve është shumë i domosdoshëm dhe kjo …

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (Libs): A Potential Quality Tool For Infant Formula Manufacture, Xavier Cama Moncunill

Doctoral

Breast milk is considered the ideal food for infants. However, breastfeeding is at times supplemented or replaced with suitable alternatives. Infant formula (IF) is an industrially produced food intended as a breast milk substitute, which needs to satisfy, by itself, all nutritional requirements of infants. For this reason, it is of critical importance that IF provides the adequate amounts of nutrients including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals and vitamins. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a promising emission spectroscopic technique for elemental analysis, which can provide real-time measurements with little to no sample preparation. Hence, the main goal of this thesis was …

Role Of Dietary Flavonoid Compounds In Driving Patterns Of Microbial Community Assembly, Kerry L. Ivey, Andrew T. Chan, Jacques Izard, Aedin Cassidy, Geraint B. Rogers, Eric B. Rimm

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic dietary compounds found in many different plant-based foods. There is increasing evidence that higher flavonoid intake may be causally linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. The bioactivity and bioavailability of many dietary flavonoids can be influenced by gastrointestinal microbiome metabolism. However, the role that habitual flavonoid intake plays in shaping the human gut microbiome is poorly understood. We describe an application of an ecosystem-based analytic approach to nutritional, microbiome, and questionnaire data from a cohort of more than 240 generally healthy adult males to assess the role of …

Evaluation Of Chilling Efficiency, Meat Tenderness, And Microbial Analysis Of Broiler Carcasses Using Sub-Zero Saline Solutions, Samira Viliani

Master's Theses

The poultry industry is seeking an advanced chilling system that can improve chilling efficiency, microbial safety, and water consumption without compromising meat quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sub-zero saline chilling methods on chilling efficiency, breast fillet tenderness and microbial reduction of broiler carcasses. Following evisceration and rinsing, broiler carcasses were randomly assigned to one of three chilling solutions: 1) 0% salt or ice water control (0% NaCl/0.5^oC), 2) 3% salt (3% NaCl/-1.8^oC), and 3) 4% salt (4% NaCl/-2.41^oC) solutions. Broiler carcasses in sub-zero saline solutions reached the …

Anti-Cancer Effects Of Oleocanthal And Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Limor Goren

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Oleocanthal is a phenolic compound found in varying concentrations in extra virgin olive oil. Oleocanthal has been shown to be active physiologically, benefiting several diseased states by conferring anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective benefits. Recently, we and other groups have demonstrated its specific and selective toxicity toward cancer cells; however, the mechanism leading to cancer cell death is still disputed. The current study demonstrates that oleocanthal induced damage to cancer cells’ lysosomes leading to cellular toxicity in vitro. Non-cancer cells were significantly less affected. Lysosomal membrane permeabilization following oleocanthal treatment in various cell lines was assayed via three complementary methods. Additionally, …

Don Reduction Of Wheat Grain Without Compromising The Lab-Scale Milling Properties Of Flour, Jikai Zhao, Xin Liu, Fengcheng Wang

School of Earth, Environmental, & Marine Sciences Faculty Publications

Wheat bran was investigated to be the most commonly contaminated raw material by mycotoxins. However, there are no economical and practical pretreatment methods for industrial on-line application until now. The effect of light debranning on deoxynivalenol (DON) removal, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and flour quality from lab-scale milling were performed. For on-line production, the DON concentration in wheat decreased 15.89% at debranning ratio of 1.2%. For lab experiment, the maximum DON removal for wheat and flour was 23.35% and 21.95%, respectively. However, the PPO activity, browning of dough sheet and flour qualities in lab scale exhibited no significant variation. …

Quantitative Analysis Of Glycine Solutions By Terahertz Attenuated Total Reflection (Thz-Atr) Spectra, Cheng Li, Ma Wei, Liu Qi, Ogawa Yuichi

Food and Machinery

Terahertz attenuated total reflection spectroscopy was employed to investigate the terahertz absorption spectra of different concentration glycine solutions within 20~450 cm^-1 at room temperature. There are four clear absorption peaks at 65.56, 127.28, 173.56, 308.55 cm^-1 respectively. The 2^nd derivative spectra and the multiple linear regressions were employed to perform the quantitative analysis of the glycine solution concentr-ation. Randomly combine different wave numbers, the optimum ternary linear regression equation was gained. The R² _Adj was 0.990 3, the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) was 0.005 7, the Root Mean Squares Error of Prediction (RMSEP) was 1.658 …

Simultaneous Determination Of 8 Kinds Of Vitamin E Isomer In Vegetable Oil Using Reversed-Phase Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography, Dong Xin

Food and Machinery

An analytical method was developed for the determination of 8 kinds of vitamin E isomer (tocopherol and tocotrienol) in vegetable oil by solvent dilution extraction-ultra performance liquid chromatography. The sample was extracted with acetone. The separation was achieved by using PFP column and an elution with the mobile phases of methanol and water (93∶7) at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. The identification and quantitative analysis were carried out with fluorescence detector at an ecxitation wavelength of 295 nm and an emission wavelength of 330 nm. The recoveries ranged from 90.0% to 100%, with the relative standard deviation (RSDs) between …

Risk Assessment Of Pesticide Residues In Muskmelon In Xinjiang, Wei Kaili, Zhou Xiaolong, Yan Qiaoli, Tao Yongxia, Wang Cheng

Food and Machinery

To evaluate the dietary risk level of pesticide residues in muskmelon in Xinjiang and identify the types of pesticide residues with relatively high risks. Based on the research of 127 muskmelon samples of the 2-year-producing in Xinjiang, 60 kinds of pesticide residues were analyzed by chronic, and the acute dietary exposure assessment, and the dietary risk levels were evaluated. Moreover, the usage of veterinary drug residue council sort veterinary drug residue risk matrix, and the pesticide residue in high-risk types were discussed. The results showed that 10 kinds of pesticide residues, icluding phenyl ether metronidazole, chlorpyrifos, chlordimeform, and chlorphenidine, were …