Update Of Green Tea Interactions With Cardiovascular Drugs And Putative Mechanisms,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Update Of Green Tea Interactions With Cardiovascular Drugs And Putative Mechanisms, J.P. Werba, S. Misaka, M.G. Giroli, K. Shimomura, M. Amato, N. Simonelli, L. Vigo, E. Tremoli
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Many patients treated with cardiovascular (CV) drugs drink green tea (GT), either as a cultural tradition or persuaded of its putative beneficial effects for health. Yet, GT may affect the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of CV compounds. Novel GT-CV drug interactions were reported for rosuvastatin, sildenafil and tacrolimus. Putative mechanisms involve inhibitory effects of GT catechins at the intestinal level on influx transporters OATP1A2 or OATP2B1 for rosuvastatin, on CYP3A for sildenafil and on both CYP3A and the efflux transporter p-glycoprotein for tacrolimus. These interactions, which add to those previously described with simvastatin, nadolol and warfarin, might lead, in some cases, …
Food-Drug Interactions Precipitated By Fruit Juices Other Than Grapefruit Juice: An Update Review,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Food-Drug Interactions Precipitated By Fruit Juices Other Than Grapefruit Juice: An Update Review, M. Chen, S.-Y. Zhou, E. Fabriaga, P.-H. Zhang, Q. Zhou
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This review addressed drug interactions precipitated by fruit juices other than grapefruit juice based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Literature was identified by searching PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus and Web of Science till December 30 2017. Among 46 finally included RCTs, six RCTs simply addressed pharmacodynamic interactions and 33 RCTs studied pharmacokinetic interactions, whereas seven RCTs investigated both pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic interactions. Twenty-two juice-drug combinations showed potential clinical relevance. The beneficial combinations included orange juice-ferrous fumarate, lemon juice-99mTc-tetrofosmin, pomegranate juice-intravenous iron during hemodialysis, cranberry juice-triple therapy medications for H. pylori, blueberry juice-etanercept, lime juice-antimalarials, and wheat grass juice-chemotherapy. The potential …
Volatile Sulfur Compounds In Tropical Fruits,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Volatile Sulfur Compounds In Tropical Fruits, R.J. Cannon, C.-T. Ho
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Global production and demand for tropical fruits continues to grow each year as consumers are enticed by the exotic flavors and potential health benefits that these fruits possess. Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) are often responsible for the juicy, fresh aroma of tropical fruits. This poses a challenge for analytical chemists to identify these compounds as most often VSCs are found at low concentrations in most tropical fruits. The aim of this review is to discuss the extraction methods, enrichment techniques, and instrumentation utilized to identify and quantify VSCs in natural products. This will be followed by a discussion of the …
A Regulatory Science Viewpoint On Botanical–Drug Interactions,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
A Regulatory Science Viewpoint On Botanical–Drug Interactions, M. Grimstein, S.-M. Huang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
There is a continued predisposition of concurrent use of drugs and botanical products. Consumers often self-administer botanical products without informing their health care providers. The perceived safety of botanical products with lack of knowledge of the interaction potential poses a challenge for providers and both efficacy and safety concerns for patients. Botanical–drug combinations can produce untoward effects when botanical constituents modulate drug metabolizing enzymes and/or transporters impacting the systemic or tissue exposure of concomitant drugs. Examples of pertinent scientific literature evaluating the interaction potential of commonly used botanicals in the US are discussed. Current methodologies that can be applied to …
General Survey Of Fructus Psoraleae From The Different Origins And Chemical Identification Of The Roasted From Raw Fructus Psoraleae,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
General Survey Of Fructus Psoraleae From The Different Origins And Chemical Identification Of The Roasted From Raw Fructus Psoraleae, J. Yang, J. Yang, J. Du, Y. Feng, X. Chai, M. Xiao, Y. Wang, X. Gao
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Fructus Psoraleae, a traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used for preventing and treating various diseases such as vitiligo, osteoporosis and psoriasis. Coumarin, such as psoralenoside, isopsoralenoside, psoralen and isopsoralen, are important compounds in Fructus Psoraleae. In our study, ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode array detector was employed for an excellent method validation for simultaneous quantification of psoralenoside, isopsoralenoside, psoralen and isopsoralen, which was further applied in performing general survey of Fructus Psoraleae from the different origins and chemical identification of the roasted from raw Fructus Psoraleae in the light of illuminating the transformed rule of psoralenoside and isopsoralenoside. …
Oxidative Stress Evoked Damages Leading To Attenuated Memory And Inhibition Of Nmdar–Camkii–Erk/Creb Signalling On Consumption Of Aspartame In Rat Model,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Oxidative Stress Evoked Damages Leading To Attenuated Memory And Inhibition Of Nmdar–Camkii–Erk/Creb Signalling On Consumption Of Aspartame In Rat Model, A. Iyaswamy, A.K. Kammella, C. Thavasimuthu, W. Wankupar, W. Dapkupar, S. Shanmugam, R. Rajan, S. Rathinasamy
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Many controversial reports are available on the use of aspartame as it releases methanol as one of its metabolite during metabolism. The present study proposes to investigate whether long term (90 days) aspartame (40 mg/kg b.wt) administration could induce oxidative stress and alter the memory in Wistar strain male albino rats. To mimic the human methanol metabolism, methotrexate (MTX)-treated rats were included as a model to study the effects of aspartame. Wistar strain albino rats were administered with aspartame (40 mg/kg b.wt) orally and studied along with controls and MTX-treated controls. Aspartame interfered in the body weight and corticosterone levels …
Mulberry Leaf Extracts Prevent Obesity-Induced Nafld With Regulating Adipocytokines, Inflammation And Oxidative Stress,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Mulberry Leaf Extracts Prevent Obesity-Induced Nafld With Regulating Adipocytokines, Inflammation And Oxidative Stress, C.-H. Peng, H.-T. Lin, D.-J. Chung, C.-N. Huang, C.-J. Wang
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Mulberry (Morus alba) leaf has been used in Chinese medicine as the remedy for hyperlipidemia and metabolic disorders. Recent report indicated Mulberry leaf extract (MLE) attenuated dyslipidemia and lipid accumulation in high fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. Non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) is generally considered as the liver component of metabolic syndrome. The hepatic lipid infiltration induces oxidative stress, and is associated with interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) which are regulated by the leptin and adiponectin. MLE could prevent obesity-related NAFLD via downregulating the lipogenesis enzymes while upregulating the lipolysis markers. Treatment of MLE, especially at 2%, enhanced the expression …
Organic Solute Carrier 22 (Slc22) Family: Potential For Interactions With Food, Herbal/Dietary Supplements, Endogenous Compounds, And Drugs,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Organic Solute Carrier 22 (Slc22) Family: Potential For Interactions With Food, Herbal/Dietary Supplements, Endogenous Compounds, And Drugs, R.E. Lai, C.E. Jay, D.H. Sweet
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Many drugs, hormones, components of herbal medicines, environmental pesticides and toxins are Solute Carrier family 22 (SLC22) substrates. The last twenty years has seen great progress in determining SLC22 tissue expression profiles, membrane localization, energetics, substrate profiles and biopharmaceutical significance. However, much still remains to be answered in terms of SLC22 family member's roles in ‘normal’ physiology as compared to pathophysiological states, as well as in drug interactions that impact pharmacokinetics, efficacy and toxicity. This review begins with a brief synopsis of SLC22 family discovery, function and tissue expression. Subsequent sections provide examples establishing a role for SLC22 transporters in …
Effects Of Processing Adjuvants On Traditional Chinese Herbs,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Effects Of Processing Adjuvants On Traditional Chinese Herbs, L.-L. Chen, R. Verpoorte, H.-R. Yen, W.-H. Peng, Y.-C. Cheng, J. Chao, L.-H. Pao
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Processing of Chinese medicines is a pharmaceutical technique that transforms medicinal raw materials into decoction pieces for use in different therapies. Various adjuvants, such as vinegar, wine, honey, and brine, are used in the processing to enhance the efficacy and reduce the toxicity of crude drugs. Proper processing is essential to ensure the quality and safety of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). Therefore, sound knowledge of processing principles is crucial to the standardized use of these processing adjuvants and to facilitate the production and clinical use of decoction pieces. Many scientific reports have indicated the synergistic effects of processing mechanisms on …
Concurrent Administration Of Anticancer Chemotherapy Drug And Herbal Medicine On The Perspective Of Pharmacokinetics,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Concurrent Administration Of Anticancer Chemotherapy Drug And Herbal Medicine On The Perspective Of Pharmacokinetics, Y.-Y. Cheng, C.-H. Hsieh, T.-H. Tsai
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
With an increasing number of cancer patients seeking an improved quality of life, complementary and alternative therapies are becoming more common ways to achieve such improvements. The potential risks of concurrent administration are serious and must be addressed. However, comprehensive evidence for the risks and benefits of combining anticancer drugs with traditional herbs is rare. Pharmacokinetic investigations are an efficient way to understand the influence of concomitant remedies. Therefore, this study aimed to collect the results of pharmacokinetic studies relating to the concurrent use of cancer chemotherapy and complementary and alternative therapies. According to the National Health Insurance (NHI) database …
Corrigendum To “Chemopreventive Effect Of Natural Dietary Compounds On Xenobiotic-Induced Toxicity” [J Food Drug Anal 25 (2017) 176–186] (S1021949816301818) (10.1016/J.Jfda.2016.10.019)),
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Corrigendum To “Chemopreventive Effect Of Natural Dietary Compounds On Xenobiotic-Induced Toxicity” [J Food Drug Anal 25 (2017) 176–186] (S1021949816301818) (10.1016/J.Jfda.2016.10.019)), J.-C. Wu, C.-S. Lai, M.-L. Tsai, C.-T. Ho, Y.-J. Wang, M.-H. Pan
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The affiliations of Min-Hsiung Pan were missing. The affiliations should be corrected to: fDepartment of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan gDepartment of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan hInstitute of Food Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan © 2017
A Novel Uv-Photolysis Approach With Acetone And Isopropyl Alcohol For The Rapid Determination Of Fluoride In Organofluorine-Containing Drugs By Spectrophotometry,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
A Novel Uv-Photolysis Approach With Acetone And Isopropyl Alcohol For The Rapid Determination Of Fluoride In Organofluorine-Containing Drugs By Spectrophotometry, V.B.K. Mullapudi, K. Dheram
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A UV photolysis decomposition (UVPD) method for the determination of fluoride in fluorine containing pharmaceuticals by spectrophotometry is reported. It is based on the use of high intensity UV-irradiation in the presence of a digesting solution comprising a mixture of acetone and isopropanol. For the optimization of the UVPD procedure, three bulk drugs (levofloxacin, nebivolol and efavirenz) were chosen as representatives of three diverse compounds containing a single fluorine atom, two fluorine atoms, and trifluoromethyl groups respectively. Operational conditions of the UVPD method, such as concentration and volume of reagents (acetone and isopropyl alcohol), and UV irradiation time (1–6 minutes) …
Investigation Of Borneols Sold In Taiwan By Chiral Gas Chromatography,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Investigation Of Borneols Sold In Taiwan By Chiral Gas Chromatography, T.-J. Ho, C.-C. Hung, T.-L. Shih, L.-M. Yiin, H.-P. Chen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Borneol is a monoterpene that is widely used in traditional Chinese medicine. There are two different products sold in Taipei's traditional Chinese medicine market, natural and chemically synthesized borneol. Chemically synthesized borneol contains four stereoisomers, (+)-isoborneol, (−)-isoborneol, (−)-borneol, and (+)-borneol. The ratio of these four isomers in chemically synthesized and natural borneol products was determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. A huge variation between these products is highlighted in this survey. The results suggest that the Food and Drug Administrations in Asian countries should establish a regulatory standard regarding the ratio of the four different borneol isomers in both natural …
Comprehensive Analysis Of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Of Different Geographical Origins Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Fingerprints And Multivariate Chemometric Methods,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Comprehensive Analysis Of Polygoni Multiflori Radix Of Different Geographical Origins Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Fingerprints And Multivariate Chemometric Methods, L.-L. Sun, M. Wang, H.-J. Zhang, Y.-N. Liu, X.-L. Ren, Y.-R. Deng, A.-D. Qi
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Polygoni Multiflori Radix (PMR) is increasingly being used not just as a traditional herbal medicine but also as a popular functional food. In this study, multivariate chemometric methods and mass spectrometry were combined to analyze the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatograph (UPLC) fingerprints of PMR from six different geographical origins. A chemometric strategy based on multivariate curve resolution–alternating least squares (MCR–ALS) and three classification methods is proposed to analyze the UPLC fingerprints obtained. Common chromatographic problems, including the background contribution, baseline contribution, and peak overlap, were handled by the established MCR–ALS model. A total of 22 components were resolved. Moreover, relative species …
Preparation, Characterization, And Antimicrobial Activity Of Nanoemulsions Incorporating Citral Essential Oil,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Preparation, Characterization, And Antimicrobial Activity Of Nanoemulsions Incorporating Citral Essential Oil, W.-C. Lu, D.-W. Huang, C.-C.R. Wang, C.-H. Yeh, J.-C. Tsai, Y.-T. Huang, P.-H. Li
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
Citral is a typical essential oil used in the food, cosmetic, and drug industries and has shown antimicrobial activity against microorganisms. Citral is unstable and hydrophobic under normal storage conditions, so it can easily lose its bactericide activity. Nanoemulsion technology is an excellent way to hydrophilize, microencapsulate, and protect this compound. In our studies, we used a mixed surfactant to form citral-in-water nanoemulsions, and attempted to optimize the formula for preparing nanoemulsions. Citral-in-water nanoemulsions formed at S o 0.4 to 0.6 and ultrasonic power of 18 W for 120 seconds resulted in a droplet size of < 100 nm for nanoemulsions. The observed antimicrobial activities were significantly affected by the formulation of the nanoemulsions. The observed relationship between the formulation and activity can lead to the rational design of nanoemulsion-based delivery systems for essential oils, based on the desired function of antimicrobials in the food, cosmetics, and agrochemical industries. © 2017
A Comparative Analysis For The Volatile Compounds Of Various Chinese Dark Teas Using Combinatory Metabolomics And Fungal Solid-State Fermentation,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
A Comparative Analysis For The Volatile Compounds Of Various Chinese Dark Teas Using Combinatory Metabolomics And Fungal Solid-State Fermentation, L. Cao, X. Guo, G. Liu, Y. Song, C.-T. Ho, R. Hou, L. Zhang, X. Wan
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
A total of 98 compounds including 20 aldehydes, eight arenes, six acids, 17 alcohols, 13 ketones, nine esters, nine methoxyphenolics, three alkenes, seven alkanes, and six other components were tentatively identified in six Chinese dark teas (CDTs) using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed that dark teas from Yunnan and Guangxi provinces could be classified into one group, and other CDTs belonged to the other cluster. The diagnostic volatile compounds being responsible for CDTs' discrimination were observed as (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, methoxyphenolics, geraniol, α-terpineol, 2,4-heptadienal, cis-jasmone, linalool oxides, and 2-nonenal. Furthermore, mature tea leaves were separately fermented using Eurotium cristatum and …
Optimization Of Culture Conditions For Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Production In Fermented Adzuki Bean Milk,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Optimization Of Culture Conditions For Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Production In Fermented Adzuki Bean Milk, H.Y. Song, R.C. Yu
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
γ-Aminobutyric acid (GABA), a nonprotein amino acid, is widely distributed in nature and fulfills several physiological functions. In this study, various lactic acid strains commonly used to produce fermented milk products were inoculated into adzuki bean milk for producing GABA. The high GABA producing strain was selected in further experiment to improve the GABA production utilizing culture medium optimization. The results demonstrated that adzuki bean milk inoculated with Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG increased GABA content from 0.05 mg/mL to 0.44 mg/mL after 36 hours of fermentation, which showed the greatest elevation in this study. Furthermore, the optimal cultural condition to adzuki …
Evaluation Of Synergistic Anticandidal And Apoptotic Effects Of Ferulic Acid And Caspofungin Against Candida Albicans,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Evaluation Of Synergistic Anticandidal And Apoptotic Effects Of Ferulic Acid And Caspofungin Against Candida Albicans, Z. Canturk
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
This study aimed to investigate the synergy between anticandidal and apoptotic effects of ferulic acid and caspofungin against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, with the help of a quantitative checkerboard microdilution assay using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) as a viability dye. Apoptotic effects of caspofungin and ferulic acid concentrations (alone and combined) were analyzed for C. albicans and C. glabrata based on annexin V–propidium iodide binding capacities using flow cytometric analysis. C. albicans showed a synergistic effect, represented by a fractional inhibitory concentration index of < 0.5, but C. glabrata showed no synergistic effect (fractional inhibitory concentration index > 0.5). Early and late apoptotic effects of caspofungin and ferulic acid concentrations (1 μg/mL and 1000 …
Fatty Acid Composition And Antibacterial Potential Of Cassia Tora (Leaves And Stem) Collected From Different Geographic Areas Of India,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Fatty Acid Composition And Antibacterial Potential Of Cassia Tora (Leaves And Stem) Collected From Different Geographic Areas Of India, S. Shukla, S. Hegde, A. Kumar, G. Chaudhary, S.K. Tewari, D.K. Upreti, M. Pal
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
The comparative analysis of the fatty acid composition of Cassia tora (leaves and stem) was determined using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Twenty-seven fatty acids were identified in C. tora (leaves and stem) which was collected from three different geographical areas of India: Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh), Nainital (Uttarakhand), and Bhavnagar (Gujarat), coded as CT-1, CT-2, and CT-3, respectively. The gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis showed the presence of various saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. The major fatty acids found were palmitic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, margaric acid, melissic acid, and behenic acid. The highest amounts of saturated fatty acids were found in …
Metabolite Profiling, Antioxidant, And Α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities Of Germinated Rice: Nuclear-Magnetic-Resonance-Based Metabolomics Study,
2020
Taiwan Food and Drug Administration
Metabolite Profiling, Antioxidant, And Α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities Of Germinated Rice: Nuclear-Magnetic-Resonance-Based Metabolomics Study, P. Pramai, Hamid N.A. Abdul, A. Mediani, M. Maulidiani, F. Abas, S. Jiamyangyuen
Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
In an attempt to profile the metabolites of three different varieties of germinated rice, specifically black (GBR), red, and white rice, a 1 H-nuclear-magnetic-resonance-based metabolomics approach was conducted. Multivariate data analysis was applied to discriminate between the three different varieties using a partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model. The PLS model was used to evaluate the relationship between chemicals and biological activities of germinated rice. The PLS-DA score plot exhibited a noticeable separation between the three rice varieties into three clusters by PC1 and PC2. The PLS model indicated that α-linolenic acid, γ-oryzanol, α-tocopherol, γ-aminobutyric acid, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, fumaric …
