Food Science Commons^™

Feeding Victory: 4-H, Extension, And The World War Ii Food Effort, Katherine Sundgren

Online Journal of Rural Research & Policy

4-H and the Extension Service were instrumental in contributing to the nationwide increase in food production that sustained the United States and its armed forces during World War II. At the onset of the war, the Extension Service distributed essential information at the national, state, and local levels through universities and the 4-H program. 4-H drew upon the intellectual and cultural tradition that they had cultivated to motivate and organize the food effort and help the allies win the war. 4-H’s national influence and resources provided eager allies to war-oriented programs. The war had a lasting impact on 4-H as …

The Argument About Healthy Keto Supplements, Margaretta C. Borum

Margaretta C. Borum

Role Of Dietary Flavonoid Compounds In Driving Patterns Of Microbial Community Assembly, Kerry L. Ivey, Andrew T. Chan, Jacques Izard, Aedin Cassidy, Geraint B. Rogers, Eric B. Rimm

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic dietary compounds found in many different plant-based foods. There is increasing evidence that higher flavonoid intake may be causally linked to a reduced risk of cardiovascular disease and other chronic diseases. The bioactivity and bioavailability of many dietary flavonoids can be influenced by gastrointestinal microbiome metabolism. However, the role that habitual flavonoid intake plays in shaping the human gut microbiome is poorly understood. We describe an application of an ecosystem-based analytic approach to nutritional, microbiome, and questionnaire data from a cohort of more than 240 generally healthy adult males to assess the role of …

Investigating The Knowledge Surrounding Folate And Folic Acid In A Cohort Of Vegetarians, Michael Dolan, Katherine Younger, Lucy Brennan, Jessica Roche

SURE Journal: Science Undergraduate Research Experience Journal

Background
The aim is to identify any gaps in the knowledge of folate and folic acid in vegetarians, which is of interest given the increasing adoption of vegetarian type diets.

Methods
In this convenience sample, 106 people answered an online questionnaire regarding folate intake and awareness among vegetarians. This was created using Google Forms and was shared via Facebook, including on various national and college vegetarian group pages. There were 44 questions. Twenty-four participants were excluded, because they reported eating fish, chicken or other meat. Final data analysis included 82 subjects. The majority of these vegetarians were females over the …

The Conjoint Effect Of Front-Label Claims’ Surface Size And Distance-To-Center On Customers’ Visual Attention And Emotional Response, Ana Isabel Rodríguez-Escudero, Pilar Carbonell, Pablo Moreno-Albaladejo

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

The research purpose is to develop a better understanding on how two claim characteristics, surface size and distance-to-center, affect customers’ attention and emotional responses.The study is based on information obtained from 42 shoppers from a retail chain in Great Britain. Visual attention is measured using an eye-tracking methodology and customers’ emotions by electrodermal activity (EDA), a common indicator of autonomic nervous system (ANS). Our research reveals that, for claims located close to the center of the label, increases in surface size compensate for the attention loss associated with moving the claim further off the center. However, for peripheral product claims, …

Imatinib Mesylate Effects On Zebrafish Reproductive Success: Gonadal Development, Gamete Quality, Fertility, Embryo-Larvae Viability And Development, And Related Genes, Nader Ahmadi, Seyed-Mohammadreza Samaee, Robert A. Yokel, Aliasghar Tehrani

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Imatinib (IM) is a tyrosine kinase (TK) inhibitor (TKI) used to treat chronic myeloid leukemia. Clinical case reports and a few laboratory mammal studies provide inconclusive evidence about its deleterious effects on reproduction. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the potential of zebrafish to characterize IM-induced effects on reproduction and clarify IM effects on reproductive success. To this end, we exposed adult zebrafish to four concentrations of IM for 30 days followed by a 30-day depuration period. IM exposure caused a concentration-dependent, irreversible, suppression of folliculogenesis, reversible decrease in sperm density and motility, decreased fecundity and fertility, …

Seaweeds As Nutraceuticals For Health And Nutrition, Emer Shannon, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam

Articles

Throughout human history, seaweeds have been used as food, folk remedies, dyes, and as mineral-rich fertilisers. Seaweeds as nutraceuticals or functional foods with dietary benefits beyond their fundamental macronutrient content are now a major research and industrial development concept. The occurrence of dietary and lifestyle related diseases, notably type 2 diabetes, obesity, cancer, and metabolic syndrome has become a health epidemic in developed countries. Global epidemiological studies have shown that countries where seaweed is consumed on a regular basis have significantly fewer instances of obesity and dietary-related disease. This review outlines recent developments in seaweed applications for human health from …

Bioinformatics Identification Of Anti-Crispr Loci By Using Homology, Guilt-By-Association, And Crispr Self-Targeting Spacer Approaches, Yanbin Yin, Bowen Yang, Sarah Entwistle

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Anti-CRISPR (Acr) loci/operons encode Acr proteins and Acr-associated (Aca) proteins. Forty-five Acr families have been experimentally characterized inhibiting seven subtypes of CRISPR-Cas systems. We have developed a bioinformatics pipeline to identify genomic loci containing Acr homologs and/or Aca homologs by combining three computational approaches: homology, guilt-by-association, and self-targeting spacers. Homology search found thousands of Acr homologs in bacterial and viral genomes, but most are homologous to AcrIIA7 and AcrIIA9. Investigating the gene neighborhood of these Acr homologs revealed that only a small percentage (23.0% in bacteria and 8.2% in viruses) of them have neighboring Aca homologs and thus form Acr-Aca …

Application Of Active And Edible Films Of Sodium Caseinate To Extend The Shelf-Life Of Argentine Pategrás Cheese, Brenda S. Álvarez, Natalia Damiani, Marina Czerner, Josefa F. Martucci, Liesel B. Gende

Journal of Applied Packaging Research

Argentine Pategrás cheese is one of the most popular types of cheese in Argentina. The main spoilage causes in these products are microbiological contamination and lipid rancidity. Semi-hard cheeses are usually covered with a paraffin wax that favors its preservation. When pieces are stored, cutting faces must be protected to prevent desiccation and contamination. Active biodegradable films are an alternative to the traditional materials, in particular, casein-based edible films are attractive for food applications. In the present work, active films of sodium caseinate with oregano (Origanum vulgare) and laurel (Laurus nobilis) essential oils were produced for …

Cilësia Dhe Vlerat Ushqyese Të Ushqimit Për Foshnja, Diellza Azemi

Theses and Dissertations

Ushqimi komercial për fëmijë perfshinë ato produkte që bëhen zakonisht me drithëra,fruta dhe perime,sheqer dhe aditivë të ndryshëm. Ashtu si produktet ushqimore të destinuara për përdorime të veçanta ushqyese, ushqimet për fëmijë dhe për foshnja kërkojnë seri udhëzimesh të rrepta si cilësia dhe siguria ushqyese, shtimi dhe kontrollimi i aditivëve dhe etiketimi. Sidoqoftë, duke qenë një shtesë e rëndësishme për dietën e foshnjave dhe fëmijëve dhe për përshtatjen e tyre me ushqimin e zakonshëm, cilësinë ushqyese e ushqimit komercial për foshnja dhe fëmijë të bazuar në drithëra,fruta dhe perime ka rendesi shumë të madhe. Shembuj të ushqimit komercial për foshnja …

Vlerat Nutricionale (Ushqyese) Të Dredhzës Dhe Ndikimi Në Shëndetin E Njeriut, Sara Selimi

Theses and Dissertations

Dredhëzat (Fragaria x Ananassa Duch.) si fruta vlerësohen të jenë të rëndësishme në dietën tonë për shkak të karakteristikave të tyre senzorike dhe vlerave ushqyese. Dredhëzat janë shumë të dobishme për aktivitetin biologjik në shëndetin e njeriut. Qëllimi i këtij studimi ishte analizimi e cilësisë ushqyese duke u bazuar në parametrat kimik të mostrave të dredhëzave të freskëta të marra nga plantacionionet në Kosovë pas fazës së pjekjes.Parametrat e mëposhtëm të cilësisë të cilat u përcaktuan në frutin e dredhëzës janë: pH, materia e thatë, materiet e ngurta të tretshme (TSS) e shpehur në shkallën ◦Brix, aciditeti total (TA), raporti …

Hulumtim Për Treguesit E Qelizave Somatike Në Kualitetin E Qumështit Të Freskët Nga Mostrat E Sjellura Nga Regjioni I Prishtinës, Shkurta Bajraktari

Theses and Dissertations

Qumështi i cili prodhohet në fermat e lopëve qumështore në Kosovë, përveç që duhet të jetë i kompletuar në aspektin kimik, fizik dhe organoleptik, patjetër që duhet të jetë higjienikisht i pastërt. Kjo nënkupton që qumështi të mos ketë mikroorganizma patogjen si dhe të mos ketë rritje të numrit të mikroorganizmave mbi normat ligjore të cilat e rregullojnë këtë çështje si dhe të mos ketë rritje të numrit të qelizave somatike në qumësht. Qelizat somatike në fakt janë qeliza të sistemit imun (mbrojtës) të organizmit me funksion të veçantë, luftimin e mikroorganizmave në gjëndrën qumështore, ku edhe sintetizohet qumështi. Rritja …

Prezenca E Antibiotikëve (B Laktameve) Ne Qumësht Të Freskët, Luljeta Rukolli

Theses and Dissertations

Qumështi si lëndë e parë me origjinë shtazore dhe si ushqim, patjeter duhet të jetë i kompletuar në aspektin kimik, organoleptik, mikrobiologjik dhe i lirë nga mbetjet. Në kuadër të mbetjeve, rëndësi të madhe kanë edhe antibiotikët pasi që këta përdoren në praktikë gjatë trajtimit të kafshëve qumështore, kryesisht kundër infeksioneve. Në kuadër të antibiotikëve të cilët përdoren në lopët qumështore janë padyshim edhe Beta-laktamet (Ampicilina). Pasi që mbetjet janë të ndaluara në qumësht sepse shkaktojne çrregullime shëndetësore tek konsumatori i cili e përdorë këtë qumësht, patjetër që monitorimi i mbetjeve të antibiotikëve është shumë i domosdoshëm dhe kjo …

Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (Libs): A Potential Quality Tool For Infant Formula Manufacture, Xavier Cama Moncunill

Doctoral

Breast milk is considered the ideal food for infants. However, breastfeeding is at times supplemented or replaced with suitable alternatives. Infant formula (IF) is an industrially produced food intended as a breast milk substitute, which needs to satisfy, by itself, all nutritional requirements of infants. For this reason, it is of critical importance that IF provides the adequate amounts of nutrients including carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals and vitamins. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a promising emission spectroscopic technique for elemental analysis, which can provide real-time measurements with little to no sample preparation. Hence, the main goal of this thesis was …

Don Reduction Of Wheat Grain Without Compromising The Lab-Scale Milling Properties Of Flour, Jikai Zhao, Xin Liu, Fengcheng Wang

School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Wheat bran was investigated to be the most commonly contaminated raw material by mycotoxins. However, there are no economical and practical pretreatment methods for industrial on-line application until now. The effect of light debranning on deoxynivalenol (DON) removal, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity and flour quality from lab-scale milling were performed. For on-line production, the DON concentration in wheat decreased 15.89% at debranning ratio of 1.2%. For lab experiment, the maximum DON removal for wheat and flour was 23.35% and 21.95%, respectively. However, the PPO activity, browning of dough sheet and flour qualities in lab scale exhibited no significant variation. …

Anti-Cancer Effects Of Oleocanthal And Extra Virgin Olive Oil, Limor Goren

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

Oleocanthal is a phenolic compound found in varying concentrations in extra virgin olive oil. Oleocanthal has been shown to be active physiologically, benefiting several diseased states by conferring anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective benefits. Recently, we and other groups have demonstrated its specific and selective toxicity toward cancer cells; however, the mechanism leading to cancer cell death is still disputed. The current study demonstrates that oleocanthal induced damage to cancer cells’ lysosomes leading to cellular toxicity in vitro. Non-cancer cells were significantly less affected. Lysosomal membrane permeabilization following oleocanthal treatment in various cell lines was assayed via three complementary methods. Additionally, …

Evaluation Of Chilling Efficiency, Meat Tenderness, And Microbial Analysis Of Broiler Carcasses Using Sub-Zero Saline Solutions, Samira Viliani

Master's Theses

The poultry industry is seeking an advanced chilling system that can improve chilling efficiency, microbial safety, and water consumption without compromising meat quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sub-zero saline chilling methods on chilling efficiency, breast fillet tenderness and microbial reduction of broiler carcasses. Following evisceration and rinsing, broiler carcasses were randomly assigned to one of three chilling solutions: 1) 0% salt or ice water control (0% NaCl/0.5^oC), 2) 3% salt (3% NaCl/-1.8^oC), and 3) 4% salt (4% NaCl/-2.41^oC) solutions. Broiler carcasses in sub-zero saline solutions reached the …

Correlation Of The Water-Interacting Property Of Dietary Fiber Powder With Its Composition And Particle Structure, Tao Jianming, Yan Caizhi, Zhao Guohua

Food and Machinery

As one of the most important physicochemical properties of dietary fiber powders, the water-interacting property is closely related to their technological properties and physiological functions in the food system. However, systematic research is unavailable on the relationship between the water-interacting properties and the composition and particle structure of dietary fiber powders. Therefore, the water-interacting properties of dietary fiber powder and these dependence on composition and particle structure by correlation analysis were investigated, based on the determinations of the hydration properties (water holding capacity, swelling capacity), hygroscopicities (initial absorption rate, absorption time, maximum absorption rate), dietary fiber contents (total dietary fiber, …

Inhibition Of Punicalagin On The Expression Of Virulence Factors Of Staphylococcus Aureus, Xu Yunfeng, Wu Qian, Fan Qiuxia, Wang Xin, Xia Xiaodong

Food and Machinery

Hemolysis test, coagulase titer assay, and enzyme-linked immunoreaction method were used to detect the expression changes of hemolysin, plasma coagulase, and total enterotoxins after treating with punicalagin. Reverse transcription real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect the expression of virulence-related genes. The results showed that punicalagin could significantly reduce the production of α-hemolysin, but the inhibition effect was not concentration-dependent. At the concentrations of higher than 1/4 MIC, punicalagin could decrease the expression of plasma coagulase. At the concentrations of higher than 1/2 MIC, punicalagin significantly reduced the production of total enterotoxins. Punicalagin also significantly reduced the transcription of …

Isolation, Identification And Tolerance To Simulated Gastrointestinal Environment Of Lactococcus Lactis From Soy Sauce Residue, Huang Guidong, Tang Suting, Cheng Yunhui, Sun Zhangle, Chen Ziqi, Jiao Ye, Zhang Can, Zhong Xianfeng

Food and Machinery

In order to enrich lactic acid bacteria resource from soy sauce residue, Lactococcus lactis from soy sauce residue were screened and identified by physiological and biochemical tests and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, and their tolerance to gastrointestinal environment were further studied. Four strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from soy sauce residue. Three of them were identified as Lactococcus lactis subsp. hordniae, HT127, HT223 and HT227, respectively. One was identified as Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis and named HT122. The results of growth curve showed that the growth of four strains were similar, and the logarithmic growth period was …