Discovery Of An Egfr Inhibitor For The Treatment Of Lung And Other Cancers,
2019
Illinois Mathematics and Science Academy
Discovery Of An Egfr Inhibitor For The Treatment Of Lung And Other Cancers, Jodie Meng '20
Student Publications & Research
The Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), a transmembrane protein involved in the regulation of signaling pathways, is frequently overexpressed in epithelial tumors. First generation EGFR TKIs, such as erlotinib and gefitinib, traditionally improved outcomes for non-small-cell lung carcinoma and pancreatic cancer patients by attaching competitively and reversibly to the ATP binding domain of EGFR. Second-generation EGFR TKIs have been developed to combat resistance among patients, despite demonstrating toxic side effects. In the present study, 1400 selective inhibitors were designed based on the molecular scaffolds of first and second generation EGFR TKIs. Results were refined by parameters outlined in Lipinski’s rule. …
The Democratization And Development Of Cell-Free Protein Synthesis,
2019
California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo
The Democratization And Development Of Cell-Free Protein Synthesis, Max Z. Levine
Master's Theses
Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) using crude lysates has developed into a robust platform technology over the last 60 years to express numerous types of recombinant proteins. The open-nature, elimination of reliance on cell viability, and focus of all energy towards production of the protein of interest represent substantial advantages of CFPS over in vivo protein expression methods. CFPS has provided new opportunities across a series of research fields that include metabolic engineering, therapeutic and vaccine development, education, biosensors, and many more. In recent years, optimizations of CFPS have even allowed the platform to reach the industrial level of protein production. …
Multiple Cytosolic Dna Sensors Bind Plasmid Dna After Transfection,
2019
Old Dominion University
Multiple Cytosolic Dna Sensors Bind Plasmid Dna After Transfection, Nina Semenova, Masa Bosnjak, Katarina Znidar, Maja Cemazar, Loree Heller
Bioelectrics Publications
Mammalian cells express a variety of nucleic acid sensors as one of the first lines of defense against infection. Despite extensive progress in the study of sensor signaling pathways during the last decade, the detailed mechanisms remain unclear. In our previous studies, we reported increased type I interferon expression and the upregulation of several proposed cytosolic DNA sensors after transfection of several tumor cell types with plasmid DNA (pDNA). In the present study, we sought to reveal the early events in the cytosolic sensing of this nucleic acid in a myoblast cell line. We demonstrated that DNA-dependent activator of interferon …
How Oxygen Availability Affects The Antimicrobial Efficacy Of Host Defense Peptides: Lessons Learned From Studying The Copper-Binding Peptides Piscidins 1 And 3,
2019
Old Dominion University
How Oxygen Availability Affects The Antimicrobial Efficacy Of Host Defense Peptides: Lessons Learned From Studying The Copper-Binding Peptides Piscidins 1 And 3, Adenrele Oludiran, David S. Courson, Malia D. Stuart, Anwar R. Radwan, John C. Putsma, Myriam L. Cotten, Erin B. Purcell
Chemistry & Biochemistry Faculty Publications
The development of new therapeutic options against Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection is a critical public health concern, as the causative bacterium is highly resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics. Antimicrobial host-defense peptides (HDPs) are highly effective at simultaneously modulating the immune system function and directly killing bacteria through membrane disruption and oxidative damage. The copper-binding HDPs piscidin 1 and piscidin 3 have previously shown potent antimicrobial activity against a number of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial species but have never been investigated in an anaerobic environment. Synergy between piscidins and metal ions increases bacterial killing aerobically. Here, we …
Label-Free Microrna Optical Biosensors,
2019
Old Dominion University
Label-Free Microrna Optical Biosensors, Meimei Lai, Gymama Slaughter
Bioelectrics Publications
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial roles in regulating gene expression. Many studies show that miRNAs have been linked to almost all kinds of disease. In addition, miRNAs are well preserved in a variety of specimens, thereby making them ideal biomarkers for biosensing applications when compared to traditional protein biomarkers. Conventional biosensors for miRNA require fluorescent labeling, which is complicated, time-consuming, laborious, costly, and exhibits low sensitivity. The detection of miRNA remains a big challenge due to their intrinsic properties such as small sizes, low abundance, and high sequence similarity. A label-free biosensor can simplify the assay and enable the direct detection …
Transcriptomic Analyses And Computational Modeling Reveal That Fatty Acid Transport Protein 2 (Fatp2) Impacts The Transcriptional Activity Of Pparα Thus Altering The Lipid Metabolic Landscape,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Transcriptomic Analyses And Computational Modeling Reveal That Fatty Acid Transport Protein 2 (Fatp2) Impacts The Transcriptional Activity Of Pparα Thus Altering The Lipid Metabolic Landscape, Vincent M. Perez
Department of Biochemistry: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research
Fatty acid transport protein 2 (FATP2) is highly expressed in liver, small intestine, and kidney where it functions in both the uptake of exogenous long chain fatty acids (LCFAs) and in the activation of very long chain fatty acids (VLCFAs). Here we address the phenotypic impacts of deleting FATP2 with the following three separate approaches: [1] Utilizing an unbiased next-generation sequencing analysis of FATP2-null (fatp2-/-) mice fed a standard chow diet; [2] Utilizing an unbiased next-generation sequencing analysis of fatp2-null (fatp2-/-) mice fed a high-fat ketogenic diet (KD) and fasted for 24-hours [3] Building dynamic computer models built with data …
Remodeling Of Chlamydomonas Metabolism Using
Synthetic Inducers Results In Lipid Storage
During Growth,
2019
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Remodeling Of Chlamydomonas Metabolism Using Synthetic Inducers Results In Lipid Storage During Growth, Nishikant Wase, Boqiang Tu, Girish Kumar Rasineni, Ronald Cerny, Ryan Grove, Jiri Adamec, Paul N. Black, Concetta Dirusso
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Microalgae accumulate lipids during stress such as that of nutrient deprivation, concomitant with cessation of growth and depletion of chloroplasts. By contrast, certain small chemical compounds selected by high-throughput screening in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii can induce lipid accumulation during growth, maintaining biomass. Comprehensive pathway analyses using proteomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics data were acquired from Chlamydomonas cells grown in the presence of one of two structurally distinct lipid activators. WD10784 stimulates both starch and lipid accumulation, whereas WD30030-treated cells accumulate only lipids. The differences in starch accumulation are largely due to differential effects of the two compounds on substrate levels that feed …
The Association Of Dna And Histone Methyltransferase Genes With Different Methylation Levels In Fragile X Syndrome Individuals,
2019
United Arab Emirates University
The Association Of Dna And Histone Methyltransferase Genes With Different Methylation Levels In Fragile X Syndrome Individuals, Sara Humaid Sembaij
Theses
Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1) gene produces an FMR protein (FMRP) which is known to regulate the translation process in various organs. It has a significant role in neurons function, maturation, and synaptic plasticity. FMR1 gene encompasses 5 - 30 CGG repeats and the greater number of repeats has the potential to expand during gametogenesis. The expansion depending on the number of CGG repeat undergoes hyper-methylation and is considered as a dynamic mutation in which the expansion increases through generation. Methylation of expanded CGG repeats results in inhibiting the transcription and silencing the gene. There are two types of …
In Vitro Investigation Of The Effect Of Camel Milkproteins And Its Fractions On Insulin Receptor Function,
2019
United Arab Emirates University
In Vitro Investigation Of The Effect Of Camel Milkproteins And Its Fractions On Insulin Receptor Function, Arshida Ashraf
Biology Theses
Camel milk (CM) has been reported to have anti-diabetic properties in many in vitro and in vivo studies but the molecular basis of such beneficial properties are still elusive. Recently, camel milk whey proteins (CWPs) have been shown to positively affect the activity of the human insulin receptor (hIR) in cell lines. In this study, we profiled crude CWPs and their hydrolysates as well as camel milk lactoferrin (CMLF) for their pharmacological and functional effects on hIR activity and its downstream signaling in both human embryonic kidney (HEK293) and hepatocarcinoma (HepG2) cell lines. For this, bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) …
Forensic Evaluation Of 6-Dye Chemistry Kit Composed Of 23 Loi With Casework Samples,
2019
United Arab Emirates University
Forensic Evaluation Of 6-Dye Chemistry Kit Composed Of 23 Loi With Casework Samples, Naeema Saleh Al Janaahi
Biology Theses
Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are short nucleotide sequence repeats consisting of 2-8 base pairs (bp), representing approximately 3% of human DNA. Markers of STRs have been widely used as genetic markers in forensic DNA analysis and have proven to be an extremely discriminating method for human identification in forensics. The main objective of this research was to evaluate a six-dye STR multiplex assay (Virifiler™ Plus) composed of 23 autosomal STR loci, one insertion/deletion polymorphic marker on the Y chromosome, Amelogenin and two internal quality control markers (IQCS and IQCL) using biological stains found in different crime scenes. The study investigated …
All Nuts And No Bolts: The Evolution Of Undergraduate Research At A Small State School,
2019
South Florida State College
All Nuts And No Bolts: The Evolution Of Undergraduate Research At A Small State School, James Hawker
Florida Statewide Symposium: Best Practices in Undergraduate Research
In fall of 2017, students first started doing research with their biology instructor, and just a few terms later, two students have earned Portz Interdisciplinary Fellowships. In some ways, the program is going well with students participating in high numbers, but organizers still have questions about the “nuts and bolts” of establishing the program within the institution. Enthusiasm is high! However, key metrics are not being tracked and the workload needs to be distributed more evenly. The organizers will be talking with the audience about different ways to integrate UGR into the institution.
P-20 Characterization Of Cgx Tautomerase And Mutants With Acetylenecarboxylic Acid,
2019
Andrews University
P-20 Characterization Of Cgx Tautomerase And Mutants With Acetylenecarboxylic Acid, Daniel Chi, Karen Draths, Amaya Sirinimal
Celebration of Research and Creative Scholarship
In the production of commodity chemicals through microbial synthesis, the use of renewable sugars as a raw material is increasingly common. However, this generates competition between its use in the chemical industry and the food industry. Therefore, developing alternative biosynthetic pathways involving other renewable feedstocks to replace starch-derived feedstocks is crucial. CgX, a tautomerase native to Corynebacterium glutamicum, catalyzes the hydration and subsequent decarboxylation of acetylenecarboxylic acid (ACA), a compound that can be produced from methane gas and carbon dioxide, both abundant greenhouse gases. The products formed from the CgX (wild-type)-catalyzed reaction of ACA results in a mixture of …
Fate Of The Organophosphate Insecticide, Chlorpyrifos, In Leaves, Soil, And Air Following Application,
2019
University of Otago
Fate Of The Organophosphate Insecticide, Chlorpyrifos, In Leaves, Soil, And Air Following Application, Supta Das, Kimberly J. Hageman, Madeleine Taylor, Sue Michelsen-Heath, Ian Stewart
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications
A field study was conducted to further our understanding about the fate and transport of the organophosphate insecticide, chlorpyrifos, and its degradation product, chlorpyrifos oxon. Leaf, soil and air sampling was conducted for 21 days after chlorpyrifos application to a field of purple tansy (Phacelia tanacetifolia). Air samples were collected using a high-volume air sampler (HVAS) and seven battery-operated medium-volume active air samplers placed around the field and on a 500-m transect extending away from the field. Chlorpyrifos was detected every day of the sampling period in all matrices, with concentrations decreasing rapidly after application. Chlorpyrifos oxon was …
Modeling Of Interaction Of Ions With Ether- And Ester-Linked Phospholipids,
2019
University of South Florida
Modeling Of Interaction Of Ions With Ether- And Ester-Linked Phospholipids, Matthew W. Saunders
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
Phospholipids are present in all parts of cells and are used in many signalling and struc- tural roles. As structural molecules they act as the main component of cellular membranes. Bilayer properties are heavily influenced by the structure of their component polar lipids, and different lipids are found in different organisms. A distinguishing feature of Archaeal plasma membranes is that their phospholipids contain ether-links, as opposed to bacterial and eukaryotic plasma membranes where phospholipids primarily contain ester-links. In our work we examine the effects of salt on bilayer structure in the case of both ester- and ether-linked lipid bilayers. We …
Design And Delivery Of Synthetic Mrna By A Peptide Nanoparticle,
2019
University of South Florida
Design And Delivery Of Synthetic Mrna By A Peptide Nanoparticle, John H. Lockhart
USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations
The field of synthetic mRNA therapeutics is a rapidly expanding arm of gene therapies. The use of mRNA provides multiple benefits over viral or DNA vectors. synthetic mRNA vectors are immediately translated into protein after entering the cytoplasm of cells in contrast to DNA vectors that must first be transcribed to mRNA in the nucleus. This allows synthetic mRNA to produce a therapeutic protein in any cell type, including non-dividing cells. In addition, the non-replicative nature of mRNA means that insertional mutagenesis or generation of escape mutants is not a concern. However, the stimulation of innate immune responses by unmodified …
Protein Inter-Residue Distance Prediction Using Residual And Capsule Networks,
2019
University of Missouri-St. Louis
Protein Inter-Residue Distance Prediction Using Residual And Capsule Networks, Andrew Dillon
Theses
The protein folding problem, also known as protein structure prediction, is the task of building three-dimensional protein models given their one-dimensional amino acid sequence. New methods that have been successfully used in the most recent CASP challenge have demonstrated that predicting a protein's inter-residue distances is key to solving this problem. Various deep learning algorithms including fully convolutional neural networks and residual networks have been developed to solve the distance prediction problem. In this work, we develop a hybrid method based on residual networks and capsule networks. We demonstrate that our method can predict distances more accurately than the algorithms …
Intrinsic Cleavage Inhibition By Thermophilic Type Ii-S Restriction Endonucleases,
2019
Kennesaw State University
Intrinsic Cleavage Inhibition By Thermophilic Type Ii-S Restriction Endonucleases, Dino Jake Ciccone
Master of Science in Chemical Sciences Theses
Restriction endonucleases (REs) are the cornerstone research tools used in molecular biology and biotechnology. These enzymes are essential to several ground-breaking achievements, including DNA cloning, gene editing, and genome mapping. A subset of these enzymes, Type II-S restriction endonucleases (IISREs), cleave double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) not governed by sequence specificity, but rather at a fixed distance from their recognition sequence. These enzymes maintain complete cleavage promiscuity, allowing utilization in techniques such as Golden Gate assembly, Serial Analysis of Gene Expression (SAGE), and Restriction Endonuclease Protection, Selection, and Amplification (REPSA). However, laboratories generated evidence that intrinsically cleavage refractory sequences exist. Understanding the …
Regulation Of The Microtubule Cytoskeleton And Cell Wall Development In Arabidopsis Thaliana,
2019
Illinois State University
Regulation Of The Microtubule Cytoskeleton And Cell Wall Development In Arabidopsis Thaliana, Christy J. Fornero
Theses and Dissertations
Regulation of the cortical microtubule cytoskeleton is critical for organized plant cell division. Arabidopsis ton1 and ton2 mutants display random cell division plane placement and lack the plant-specific cortical microtubule array that encircles the nucleus prior to mitosis. In wild type plants, this preprophase band (PPB) of cortical microtubules precisely marks the future division plane. The specific roles of TON1 and TON2 in PPB formation are not yet known. It is suspected that TON1 Recruiting Motif (TRM) proteins may be involved in TON1 and TON2 recruitment to the PPB. Here we describe results for the targeted disruption of a group …
Study Of The Effect Of Individual Cell Behaviors On Prion Protein Aggregation And Colony Organization In Yeast,
2019
University of California, Merced
Study Of The Effect Of Individual Cell Behaviors On Prion Protein Aggregation And Colony Organization In Yeast, Mikahl Banwarth-Kuhn, Jordan Collignon, Suzanne Sindi
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Mite Load Predicts The Quality Of Sexual Color And Locomotor Performance In A Sexually Dichromatic Lizard,
2019
University of Texas at Arlington
Mite Load Predicts The Quality Of Sexual Color And Locomotor Performance In A Sexually Dichromatic Lizard, Richard W. Orton, Chase T. Kinsey, Lance D. Mcbrayer
Biology: Faculty Publications
Since Darwin, the maintenance of bright sexual colors has recurrently been linked to mate preference. However, the mechanisms underpinning such preferences for bright colors would not be resolved for another century. Likely, the idea of selection for colors that could decrease the chances of survival (e.g., flashy colors that can inadvertently attract predators) was perceived as counterintuitive. It is now widely accepted that these extreme colors often communicate to mates the ability to survive despite a “handicap” and act as honest signals of individual quality when they are correlated with the quality of other traits that are directly linked to …
