Dependence Of Nmr Chemical Shifts Upon Ch Bond Lengths Of A Methyl Group Involved In A Tetrel Bond,
2018
Utah State University
Dependence Of Nmr Chemical Shifts Upon Ch Bond Lengths Of A Methyl Group Involved In A Tetrel Bond, Steve Scheiner
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Four different Lewis acids that might participate in a tetrel bond with a nucleophile (SEt2Me+, NMe4+, SMe2, NMe3) are examined. The NMR chemical shifts of the methyl C and H atoms are calculated as the CH bond lengths are systematically stretched and contracted, in the absence of a base. The C shielding diminishes by roughly 2 ppm for a stretch of 0.01 Å, while that of H drops by only 0.3 ppm. The deshieldings caused purely by the bond length changes are far too small to account for the …
Resurrecting The Regulatory Properties Of The Ostreococcus Tauri Adp-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase Large Subunit,
2018
Loyola University Chicago
Resurrecting The Regulatory Properties Of The Ostreococcus Tauri Adp-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase Large Subunit, Carlos M. Figueroa, Misty L. Kuhn, Benjamin L. Hill, Alberto A. Iglesias, Miguel A. Ballicora
Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works
ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (ADP-Glc PPase) catalyzes the first committed step for the synthesis of glycogen in cyanobacteria and starch in green algae and plants. The enzyme from cyanobacteria is homotetrameric (α4), while that from green algae and plants is heterotetrameric (α2β2). These ADP-Glc PPases are allosterically regulated by 3-phosphoglycerate (3PGA, activator) and inorganic orthophosphate (Pi, inhibitor). Previous studies on the cyanobacterial and plant enzymes showed that 3PGA binds to two highly conserved Lys residues located in the C-terminal domain. We observed that both Lys residues are present in the small (α) subunit of the Ostreococcus tauri enzyme; however, one of these …
Acidity And Antioxidant Activity Of Cold Brew Coffee.,
2018
Thomas Jefferson University
Acidity And Antioxidant Activity Of Cold Brew Coffee., Niny Z. Rao, Megan Fuller
College of Life Sciences Faculty Papers
The acidity and antioxidant activity of cold brew coffee were investigated using light roast coffees from Brazil, two regions of Ethiopia, Columbia, Myanmar, and Mexico. The concentrations of three caffeoylquinic acid (CQA) isomers were also determined. Cold brew coffee chemistry was compared to that of hot brew coffee prepared with the same grind-to-coffee ratio. The pH values of the cold and hot brew samples were found to be comparable, ranging from 4.85 to 5.13. The hot brew coffees were found to have higher concentrations of total titratable acids, as well as higher antioxidant activity, than that of their cold brew …
Mouse Genome-Wide Association Studies And Systems Genetics Uncover The Genetic Architecture Associated With Hepatic Pharmacokinetic And Pharmacodynamic Properties Of A Constrained Ethyl Antisense Oligonucleotide Targeting Malat1,
2018
Carlsbad, California
Mouse Genome-Wide Association Studies And Systems Genetics Uncover The Genetic Architecture Associated With Hepatic Pharmacokinetic And Pharmacodynamic Properties Of A Constrained Ethyl Antisense Oligonucleotide Targeting Malat1, Elaine Pirie, Shayoni Ray, Calvin Pan, Wuxia Fu, Andrew F. Powers, Danielle Polikoff, Colton M. Miller, Katrina M. Kudrna, Edward N. Harris, Aldons J. Lusis, Rosanne M. Crooke, Richard G. Lee
Department of Biochemistry: Faculty Publications
Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) have demonstrated variation of efficacy in patient populations. This has prompted our investigation into the contribution of genetic architecture to ASO pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD). Genome wide association (GWA) and transcriptomic analysis in a hybrid mouse diversity panel (HMDP) were used to identify and validate novel genes involved in the uptake and efficacy of a single dose of a Malat1 constrained ethyl (cEt) modified ASO. The GWA of the HMDP identified two significant associations on chromosomes 4 and 10 with hepatic Malat1 ASO concentrations. Stabilin 2 (Stab2) and vesicle associated membrane protein 3 ( …
A Review On Bioconversion Of Agro-Industrial Wastes To Industrially Important Enzymes,
2018
Technological University Dublin
A Review On Bioconversion Of Agro-Industrial Wastes To Industrially Important Enzymes, Rajeev Ravindran, Shady S. Hassan, Gwilym A. Williams, Amit K, Jaiswal
Articles
Agro-industrial waste is highly nutritious in nature and facilitates microbial growth. Most agricultural wastes are lignocellulosic in nature; a large fraction of it is composed of carbohydrates. Agricultural residues can thus be used for the production of various value-added products, such as industrially important enzymes. Agro-industrial wastes, such as sugar cane bagasse, corn cob and rice bran, have been widely investigated via different fermentation strategies for the production of enzymes. Solid-state fermentation holds much potential compared with submerged fermentation methods for the utilization of agro-based wastes for enzyme production. This is because the physical–chemical nature of many lignocellulosic substrates naturally …
Primary Emissions Of Glyoxal And Methylglyoxal From Laboratory Measurements Of Open Biomass Burning,
2018
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
Primary Emissions Of Glyoxal And Methylglyoxal From Laboratory Measurements Of Open Biomass Burning, Kyle J. Zarzana, Vanessa Selimovic, Abigail R. Koss, Kanako Sekimoto, Matthew M. Coggon, Bin Yuan, William P. Dubé, Robert J. Yokelson, Carsten Warneke, Joost A. De Gouw, James M. Roberts, Steven S. Brown
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications
We report the emissions of glyoxal and methylglyoxal from the open burning of biomass during the NOAA-led 2016 FIREX intensive at the Fire Sciences Laboratory in Missoula, MT. Both compounds were measured using cavity-enhanced spectroscopy, which is both more sensitive and more selective than methods previously used to determine emissions of these two compounds. A total of 75 burns were conducted, using 33 different fuels in 8 different categories, providing a far more comprehensive dataset for emissions than was previously available. Measurements of methylglyoxal using our instrument suffer from spectral interferences from several other species, and the values reported here …
Starch Synthesis In Ostreococcus Tauri: The Starch-Binding Domains Of Starch Synthase Iii-B Are Essential For Catalytic Activity,
2018
Universidad Nacional de Rosario
Starch Synthesis In Ostreococcus Tauri: The Starch-Binding Domains Of Starch Synthase Iii-B Are Essential For Catalytic Activity, Julieta Barchiesi, Maria Belen Velazquez, Nicolas Palopoli, Alberto A. Iglesias, Diego F. Gomez-Casati, Miguel A. Ballicora, Maria Victoria Busi
Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works
Starch is the major energy storage carbohydrate in photosynthetic eukaryotes. Several enzymes are involved in building highly organized semi-crystalline starch granules, including starch-synthase III (SSIII), which is widely conserved in photosynthetic organisms. This enzyme catalyzes the extension of the α-1,4 glucan chain and plays a regulatory role in the synthesis of starch. Interestingly, unlike most plants, the unicellular green alga Ostreococcus tauri has three SSIII isoforms. In the present study, we describe the structure and function of OsttaSSIII-B, which has a similar modular organization to SSIII in higher plants, comprising three putative starch-binding domains (SBDs) at the N-terminal region and …
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury: Apoptotic, Inflammatory And Oxidative Stress Role Of Galectin-3,
2018
United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
Myocardial Ischemia Reperfusion Injury: Apoptotic, Inflammatory And Oxidative Stress Role Of Galectin-3, Suhail Al-Salam, Satwat Hashmi
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Background/aims: Myocardial reperfusion has the potential to salvage the ischemic myocardium after a period of coronary occlusion. Reperfusion, however, can cause a wide spectrum of deleterious effects. Galectin-3 (GAL-3), a beta galactoside binding lectin, is closely associated with myocardial infarction (MI), myocardial fibrosis and heart failure. In our study, we investigated its role in ischemia-reperfusion injuries (IR) as this phenomenon is extremely relevant to the early intervention after acute MI.
Methods: C57B6/J wild type (WT) mice and GAL-3 knockout (KO) mice were used for murine model of IR injury in the heart where a period of 30 minutes ischemia was …
Metallo-Polyelectrolytes As A Class Of Ionic Macromolecules For Functional Materials,
2018
Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710129, China.
Metallo-Polyelectrolytes As A Class Of Ionic Macromolecules For Functional Materials, Tianyu Zhu, Ye Sha, Jing Yan, Parasmani Pageni, Md Anisur Rahman, Yi Yan, Chuanbing Tang
Faculty Publications
The fields of soft polymers and macromolecular sciences have enjoyed a unique combination of metals and organic frameworks in the name of metallopolymers or organometallic polymers. When metallopolymers carry charged groups, they form a class of metal-containing polyelectrolytes or metallo-polyelectrolytes. This review identifies the unique properties and functions of metallo-polyelectrolytes compared with conventional organo-polyelectrolytes, in the hope of shedding light on the formation of functional materials with intriguing applications and potential benefits. It concludes with a critical perspective on the challenges and hurdles for metallo-polyelectrolytes, especially experimental quantitative analysis and theoretical modeling of ionic binding.
On The Roles Of Wheat Endosperm Adp-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase Subunits,
2018
Universidad Nacional del Litoral
On The Roles Of Wheat Endosperm Adp-Glucose Pyrophosphorylase Subunits, Danisa M. L. Ferrero, Matias D. Asencion Diez, Misty L. Kuhn, Christine A. Falaschetti, Claudia V. Piattoni, Alberto A. Iglesias, Miguel A. Ballicora
Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works
The ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from wheat endosperm controls starch synthesis in seeds and has unique regulatory properties compared to others from this family. It comprises two types of subunits, but despite its importance little is known about their roles. Here, we synthesized de novo the wheat endosperm ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase small (S) and large (L) subunit genes, heterologously expressed them in Escherichia coli, and kinetically characterized the recombinant proteins. To understand their distinct roles, we co-expressed them with well characterized subunits from the potato tuber enzyme to obtain hybrids with one S subunit from one source and an L subunit from …
Speciated Online Pm1 From South Asian Combustion Sources-Part 1: Fuel-Based Emission Factors And Size Distributions,
2018
Drexel University
Speciated Online Pm1 From South Asian Combustion Sources-Part 1: Fuel-Based Emission Factors And Size Distributions, J. Douglas Goetz, Michael R. Giordano, Chelsea E. Stockwell, Ted J. Christian, Rashmi Maharjan, Sagar Adhikari, Prakash V. Bhave, Puppala S. Praveen, Arnico K. Panday, Thilina Jayarathne, Elizabeth A. Stone, Robert J. Yokelson, Peter F. Decarlo
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Publications
Combustion of biomass, garbage, and fossil fuels in South Asia has led to poor air quality in the region and has uncertain climate forcing impacts. Online measurements of submicron aerosol (PM1) emissions were conducted as part of the Nepal Ambient Monitoring and Source Testing Experiment (NAMaSTE) to investigate and report emission factors (EFs) and vacuum aerodynamic diameter (dva) size distributions from prevalent but poorly characterized combustion sources. The online aerosol instrumentation included a qmini aerosol mass spectrometer (mAMS) and a dual-spot eight-channel aethalometer (AE33). The mAMS measured non-refractory PM1 mass, composition, and size. The AE33-measured black carbon (BC) mass and …
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Interacts With The Crl4 Ubiquitin Ligase Subunit Cdt2 In Dna Synthesis-Induced Degradation Of Cdt1,
2018
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen Interacts With The Crl4 Ubiquitin Ligase Subunit Cdt2 In Dna Synthesis-Induced Degradation Of Cdt1, Feng Leng, Lovely Saxena, Nam Hoang, Chunxiao Zhang, Logan Lee, Wenjing Li, Xiaoshan Gong, Fei Lu, Hong Sun, Hui Zhang
Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Research
During DNA replication or repair, the DNA polymerase cofactor, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), homotrimerizes and encircles the replicating DNA, thereby acting as a DNA clamp that promotes DNA polymerase processivity. The formation of the PCNA trimer is also essential for targeting the replication-licensing protein, chromatin-licensing, and DNA replication factor 1 (CDT1), for ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis to prevent chromosomal DNA re-replication. CDT1 uses its PCNA-interacting peptide box (PIP box) to interact with PCNA, and the CRL4 E3 ubiquitin ligase subunit CDT2 is recruited through the formation of PCNA–CDT1 complexes. However, it remains unclear how CDT1 and many other PIP box–containing proteins …
Adapting Cell-Free Protein Synthesis As A Platform Technology For Education,
2018
California State University, Los Angeles
Adapting Cell-Free Protein Synthesis As A Platform Technology For Education, Grace W. Chu, Max Z. Levine, Nicole E. Gregorio, Javin P. Oza
STAR Program Research Presentations
Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) has emerged as an enabling biotechnology for research and biomanufacturing as it allows for the production of protein without the need for a living cell. Applications of CFPS include the construction of libraries for functional genomics and structural biology, the production of personalized medicine, and the expression of virus-like particles. The absence of a cell wall provides an open platform for direct manipulation of the reaction conditions and biological machinery. This project focuses on adapting the CFPS biotechnology to the classroom, making a hands-on bioengineering approach to learning protein synthesis accessible to students grades K-16 through …
A New Health Care Professional-Based Model For Medication Adherence,
2018
Aga Khan University
A New Health Care Professional-Based Model For Medication Adherence, Muhammad Amir, Zeeshan Feroz, Anwar Ejaz Beg
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
This paper presents a practice-based conceptual (theoretical) model to address medication adherence. The study reviews literature for different rationales of medication adherence and its associated factors. It also reviews the interventions involved in improving medication adherence and its effect. It is known that many interventions applied have not received great success owing to the fact that they have not been employed in regular clinical practice. Furthermore, models or theories utilized for different interventions were based on patient perspective only. The model presented in the paper is based on health care professionals' perspective, with an aim to be employed in clinical …
Allosteric Regulation Of Pyruvate Carboxylase,
2018
Marquette University
Allosteric Regulation Of Pyruvate Carboxylase, Yumeng Liu
Dissertations (1934 -)
Pyruvate carboxylase (PC; E.C.6.4.1.1) is a multifunctional, biotin-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the MgATP-dependent carboxylation of pyruvate to oxaloacetate. The overall reaction is accomplished by the coupling of two half reactions occurring at two spatially distinct catalytic domains by the translocation of a carrier domain, resulting in a net transfer of CO2 from bicarbonate to pyruvate. PC activity is regulated by multiple allosteric effectors with acetyl CoA serving as an activator in most species and L-aspartate serving as an inhibitor for microbial PC. The kinetic characterization of PC from different species have revealed that PC homologs are subject to divergent degrees …
Folding Of Gα Subunits: Implications For Disease States,
2018
Loyola University Chicago
Folding Of Gα Subunits: Implications For Disease States, Matthew Najor, Brian D. Leverson, Jesse L. Goossens, Saad Kothawala, Kenneth W. Olsen, Duarte Mota De Freitas
Chemistry: Faculty Publications and Other Works
G-proteins play a central role in signal transduction by fluctuating between “on” and “off” phases that are determined by a conformational change. cAMP is a secondary messenger whose formation is inhibited or stimulated by activated Giα1 or Gsα subunit. We used tryptophan fluorescence, UV/vis spectrophotometry, and circular dichroism to probe distinct structural features within active and inactive conformations from wild-type and tryptophan mutants of Giα1 and Gsα. For all proteins studied, we found that the active conformations were more stable than the inactive conformations, and upon refolding from higher temperatures, activated wild-type subunits recovered significantly more native structure. We also …
Glucose Signaling Is Important For Nutrient Adaptation During Differentiation Of Pleomorphic African Trypanosomes,
2018
Clemson University
Glucose Signaling Is Important For Nutrient Adaptation During Differentiation Of Pleomorphic African Trypanosomes, Yijian Qiu, Jillian E. Milanes, Jessica A. Jones, Rooksana E. Noorai, Vijay Shankar, James C. Morris
Publications
The African trypanosome has evolved mechanisms to adapt to changes in nutrient availability that occur during its life cycle. During transition from mammalian blood to insect vector gut, parasites experience a rapid reduction in environmental glucose. Here we describe how pleomorphic parasites respond to glucose depletion with a focus on parasite changes in energy metabolism and growth. Long slender bloodstream form parasites were rapidly killed as glucose concentrations fell, while short stumpy bloodstream form parasites persisted to differentiate into the insect-stage procyclic form parasite. The rate of differentiation was lower than that triggered by other cues but reached physiological rates …
The Distinctive Regulatory Mechanisms Of Bacterial Acetyl-Coa Carboxylase,
2018
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
The Distinctive Regulatory Mechanisms Of Bacterial Acetyl-Coa Carboxylase, Alexandra Leigh Evans
LSU Doctoral Dissertations
Metabolic Regulation is a complex system used to control cellular metabolism in response to conditions in the cell’s environment. For most enzymes, the cell can rely upon a minimal amount of regulation; however, critical enzymes, such as acetyl-CoA carboxylase, must be regulated at multiple levels. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase catalyzes the first committed step in fatty acid synthesis. In bacteria, acetyl-CoA carboxylase forms a complex of three subunits–biotin carboxylase, biotin carboxyl carrier protein, and carboxyltransferase–which catalyze the carboxylation of acetyl-CoA to form malonyl-CoA via two half-reactions. In the first half-reaction, biotin covalently linked to biotin carboxyl carrier protein is carboxylated by biotin …
Optimizing Spacer Length For Positioning Functional Groups In Bio-Waste,
2018
CUNY Borough of Manhattan Community College
Optimizing Spacer Length For Positioning Functional Groups In Bio-Waste, Revathi Iyengar, Maria Faure-Betancourt, Saleh Talukdar, Jinting Ye, Abel E. Navarro
Publications and Research
The goal of this study was to determine the optimal chain length needed for tethering functional groups on bio-wastes. The purpose of modifying the surface of bio-waste is to improve their affinity for phenols. To this end, four different aminated green tea leaves, with the amine group located at the end of 6, 8, 10, and 12 carbons were synthesized. Green approaches to functionalization lead to fewer reactive sites. Optimizing spacer length is one way to ameliorate this. The aminated tea leaves were prepared by a tosylation reaction followed by displacement with a diamine used in excess. The tea leaves …
Men’S Health In Industries: Plastic Plant Pollution And Prevalence Of Pre-Diabetes And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus,
2018
King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Men’S Health In Industries: Plastic Plant Pollution And Prevalence Of Pre-Diabetes And Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Sultan Ayoub Meo, Faris Jamal Almutairi, Majed Mohammed Alasbali, Turki Badr Alqahtani, Saad Saeed Almutairi, Rakan Abdulaziz Albuhayjan, Fawziah Al Rouq, Naseer Ahmed
Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences
Plastic production is prominently increasing and its pollution is an emerging environmental global health concern. This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among nonsmoking plastic industry workers. Three hundred and forty volunteers male plastic industry workers were interviewed after medical history and examination; finally, 278 nonsmoking plastic industry workers were selected. The mean age for the participants was 38.03 ± 10.86 years and body mass index was 25.52 ± 3.15 (kg/m)2. The plastic industry workers had been exposed to plastic plant pollution for 8 hr daily, 6 days in a …
