Exchange Rate Volatility And Bilateral Agricultural Trade Flows: The Case Of The United States And Oecd Countries,
2011
Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College
Exchange Rate Volatility And Bilateral Agricultural Trade Flows: The Case Of The United States And Oecd Countries, Kashi Ram Kafle
LSU Master's Theses
The abandonment of fixed exchange rate systems has caused exchange rate movements to become a major concern for traders, policy makers and researchers. During the previous four decades of floating exchange rates, numerous studies have been conducted to determine whether exchange rate volatility affected international trade flows. Researchers have not yet reached a general consensus as to the magnitude and direction of the impact of exchange rate volatility on trade flows. This study documents the effect of exchange rate volatility and real exchange rates on bilateral agricultural exports, imports and total trade flows between the United States and OECD countries. …
Effect Of Sowing Time On Grain Yield, Oil Content, And Fatty Acids In Rapeseed (Brassica Napus Subsp. Oleifera),
2011
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Sowing Time On Grain Yield, Oil Content, And Fatty Acids In Rapeseed (Brassica Napus Subsp. Oleifera), Hakan Turhan, Muhammet Kemal Gül, Cem Ömer Egesel, Fati̇h Kahriman
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Sowing time is an important factor affecting crop yield and quality, especially in arid and semi-arid regions. The aim of this research was to investigate the effects of sowing time on the growth, yield, and quality of rapeseed genotypes and to determine genotype × sowing time interactions for grain yield and its related traits. The study was carried out using 8 winter rapeseed genotypes (H604049, H604038, H604041, Viking, Elan, Titan, Lorenz, and Trabant) and 4 sowing times (10 October, 20 October, 30 October and 10 November) during the 2005-2006 and 2006-2007 growing seasons. An NIRS system was used to determine …
Interactions Between Rural Migration And Land Use Change In The Forest Villages In The Gökçay Watershed,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Interactions Between Rural Migration And Land Use Change In The Forest Villages In The Gökçay Watershed, Ceyhun Göl, Sezgi̇n Özden, Hüseyi̇n Yilmaz
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
This study was carried out to analyze the spatial and temporal pattern of land use/land cover change (from 1955 to 2008) and migration movement (from 1935 to 2007) in the Gökçay River Watershed. To assess this period, the necessary data were obtained from forest stand maps (1955 and 2008) and evaluated by using Geographic Information Systems. Maps of the study area dated 1955 and 2008 have been analyzed, and land use type and change on the land pattern have been investigated. The data reveal that the percentage of forest area, which was 47% in 1955, rose to 50% in 2008; …
Effect Of Acid Scarification And Cold Moist Stratification On The Germination Of Cercis Siliquastrum L. Seeds,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Acid Scarification And Cold Moist Stratification On The Germination Of Cercis Siliquastrum L. Seeds, Elias Pipinis, Elias Milios, Pavlos Smiris, Christos Gioumousidis
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Dormancy in Cercis siliquastrum seeds is due to the hard, impermeable seed coat and inhibition by endosperm. The effects of acid scarification, cold moist stratification, and the combination of both on breaking dormancy and enhancing seed germination were evaluated. Seeds were scarified with concentrated (95%-97%) sulfuric acid for various times (0, 20, 40, and 60 min), followed by cold moist stratification for 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 months. Unscarified seeds did not germinate whether they were stratified (up until 4 months) or not. Similarly, seeds that were scarified (20, 40, and 60 min) and then stratified for 0 or …
Total Carbon Stocks And Carbon Accumulation In Living Tree Biomass In Forest Ecosystems Of Turkey,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Total Carbon Stocks And Carbon Accumulation In Living Tree Biomass In Forest Ecosystems Of Turkey, Doğanay Tolunay
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
In this study, the carbon stocks of forests of Turkey were examined by taking the national forest inventory completed in 2004 as a basis. Furthermore, the annual accumulations of carbon in the above- and below-ground biomass of Turkey were also investigated according to the gain-loss methods of "Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use" (AFOLU), published in 2006. The results of estimates showed that the total stock in all carbon pools (above- and below-ground, dead wood, litter, and soil) in the forests of Turkey was 2251.26 Tg C in 2004. Of that total carbon stock, 74.78% was in soil, 21.32% in …
Rooting Behaviour, Polyphenol Oxidase Activity, And Biochemical Changes In Grape Rootstocks At Different Growth Stages,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Rooting Behaviour, Polyphenol Oxidase Activity, And Biochemical Changes In Grape Rootstocks At Different Growth Stages, Ramhari G. Somkuwar, Devanand D. Bondage, Manisha S. Surange, Sahadeo D. Ramteke
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Four grape rootstocks belonging to different Vitis species were planted in September. Rooting behaviour, polyphenol oxidase (PPO; EC 1.14.18.1) activity and biochemical parameters were studied at different growth stages after planting the cuttings in polythene bags. Significant differences were recorded for rooting success among the different rootstocks, with the maximum sprouting percentage determined in the Freedom rootstock. The highest variation in PPO activity was also recorded in Freedom. High PPO activity was recorded in rootstock 140 Ru, while the highest root length was recorded in Dog Ridge. In the rootstock 110 R, the PPO activity was the lowest during the …
Generative And Fruit Quality Characteristics Of Primocane Fruiting Red Raspberry Cultivars,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Generative And Fruit Quality Characteristics Of Primocane Fruiting Red Raspberry Cultivars, Jasminka M. Milivojevic, Mihailo D. Nikolic, Jelena J. Dragisic Maksimovic, Dragan D. Radivojevic
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Eight primocane fruiting red raspberry cultivars grown at the Experimental station "Radmilovac", a collective raspberry orchard of the Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade University, were harvested in 2008 and 2009. The cultivars evaluated were 'Autumn Bliss', 'Lyulin', 'Polana', 'Polka', 'Himbo Top', 'Ruby', 'Rossana', and 'Heritage'. All cultivars were evaluated for their standard parameters of productivity (number of fruiting laterals and fruit per primocane, both yield per primocane and per meter of hedgerow) and fruit quality (fruit weight, number of drupelets per fruit, soluble solids content, and titratable acidity), and also of nutritional value (Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) and Total Phenolics (TPH)). …
Potential Of Steinernema Feltiae (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) As A Biological Control Agent Against The Cabbage Maggot Delia Radicum (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) In Oilseed Rape, İsmai̇l Alper Susurluk
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) in families Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae have considerable potential as biological control agents against soil-inhabiting insect pests. In the present study, the potential of Steinernema feltiae as a biological control agent against cabbage maggot (CM) Delia radicum (Diptera: Anthomyiidae), persistence of the nematode in areas infested by CM larvae, and foraging behavior of the nematode toward CM and/or oilseed rape roots were examined in the laboratory. The results of the laboratory experiment showed that more than 80% control was achieved against the last instars of D. radicum. Steinernema feltiae persisted in the soil in high numbers for 12 …
Agroecological Land Use Potential Of Amik Plain, Turkey,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Agroecological Land Use Potential Of Amik Plain, Turkey, Şeref Kiliç
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The loss of agricultural land due to the development of other land uses has increasingly become an issue of local, regional, and national concern in Turkey. This study was aimed at evaluating land use potential and suitability of 174 land mapping units of 72,544 ha in Amik Plain (Hatay, Turkey) for 21 different land use types. For this purpose, land suitability evaluation was carried out using soil and land data and a PC-compatible ILSEN software package program developed by the SENOL land evaluation system. Our study showed that out of 39 potential groups, 26 combined land uses and land covers …
Investigation Of The Reduction Of Mouldboard Ploughshare Wear Through Hot Stamping And Hardfacing Processes,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Investigation Of The Reduction Of Mouldboard Ploughshare Wear Through Hot Stamping And Hardfacing Processes, Aysel Yazici
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The effects of the hot stamping process and different hardfacing techniques, such as shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and gas metal arc welding (GMAW), on the abrasive wear of ploughshares were investigated under field operational conditions. The abrasive wear losses were determined by measuring the weight and dimension changes before and after tillage. The wear losses of hot-stamped and hardfaced ploughshares were less significant than those of the conventionally heat-treated ploughshare specimens used under field conditions. Conventional heat treatment and hardfacing by the SMAW process decreased the wear weight losses by 46.31% and the dimensional losses by 86.77% in comparison …
Micropropagation Of Olive Tree Olea Europaea L. 'Oueslati',
2011
TÜBİTAK
Micropropagation Of Olive Tree Olea Europaea L. 'Oueslati', Anissa Chaari Rkhis, Mohamed Maalej, Noureddine Drira, Alvaro Standardi
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The present study was undertaken to contribute to the continuous search for efficient in vitro protocols for the micropropagation of olive trees, with special focus on the Oueslati cultivar. It investigates the main factors involved in the micropropagation process, namely medium composition, growth regulators, rooting, and acclimatization conditions. It demonstrates that under particular conditions, the Oueslati cultivar displays a high capacity to proliferate. During the multiplication phase, the multiplication medium, which is a modification of Rugini medium with zeatin (1 and 2 mg L^{-1}), yielded the highest multiplication rates, with an average of more than 9. Furthermore, almost 91% of …
Effect Of Mini-Plug Container Depth On Root And Shoot Growth Of Four Forest Tree Species During Early Developmental Stages,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Mini-Plug Container Depth On Root And Shoot Growth Of Four Forest Tree Species During Early Developmental Stages, Panagiota Kostopoulou, Kalliopi Radoglou, Olympia Dini-Papanastasi, Christina Adamidou
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The container type used in nursery culture is among the most important determinants of containerised seedling quality. The objective of the present study was to analyse root and shoot growth, root growth potential, and photochemical efficiency of seedlings of Picea abies, Robinia pseudoacacia, Pinus brutia, and Pinus nigra cultivated for 5 weeks in mini-plugs of 2 different cavity depths (37 and 60 mm). The results showed that precultivation of P. nigra and, to a lesser extent, of R. pseudoacacia in deeper mini-plug containers improved seedling morphological attributes and quality, but shallow containers produced better quality seedlings of P. abies. In …
Aba-Mediated Proline Synthesis In Cowpea Leaves Exposed To Water Deficiency And Rehydration,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Aba-Mediated Proline Synthesis In Cowpea Leaves Exposed To Water Deficiency And Rehydration, Roberto Cezar Lobo Da Costa, Allan Klynger Da Silva Lobato, Joaquim Albenísio Gomes Da Silveira, Haywood Dail Laughinghouse Iv
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The aim of this study was (i) to evaluate the impact of water deficit and rehydration on nitrogen compounds and abscisic acid of Vigna unguiculata leaves, and (ii) to investigate the hypothesis that abscisic acid influences proline. The experimental design was entirely randomized in a factorial design, with 2 water conditions (control and stress) and 7 evaluation periods (0, 1, 2, 3, and 4 days under water deficit, followed by the 5th and 6th day under rehydration). The leaf relative water content presented significant reduction, presenting a lower value on the 4th day of treatment under water deficit. After rehydration, …
Production Of Cellulase By Pleurotus Ostreatus And Pleurotus Sajor-Caju In Solid State Fermentation Of Lignocellulosic Biomass,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Production Of Cellulase By Pleurotus Ostreatus And Pleurotus Sajor-Caju In Solid State Fermentation Of Lignocellulosic Biomass, Md Ibrahim Khalil, Mia Mahmudul Hoque, Mafroz Ahmed Basunia, Nadia Alam, Md Asaduzzaman Khan
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Bioconversion of cellulosic components into fermentable sugars has currently been accomplished with the help of the microbial enzyme, cellulase. In this study, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacquin ex Fr.) Kummer and Pleurotus sajor-caju (Fr.) Singer were tested for cellulase production by solid state fermentation (SSF) using saw dust, sugarcane bagasse, and paddy straw as substrate. To enhance production, the substrates were pretreated with 1% and 4% NaOH solutions. Supernatants of extracted enzyme solutions were used to estimate reducing sugar and soluble protein, as well as enzyme activities. Maximum production of reducing sugar and soluble protein were recorded in 12 and 10 day …
Effect Of Different Irrigation Water Salinities On Some Yield And Quality Components Of Two Field-Grown Cucurbit Species,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Effect Of Different Irrigation Water Salinities On Some Yield And Quality Components Of Two Field-Grown Cucurbit Species, Li Zong, Anna Tedeschi, Xian Xue, Tao Wang, Massimo Menenti, Cuihua Huang
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Using irrigation water with a salinity level of 0.8, 2, and 5 g L^{-1}, the impact of saline water irrigation on the yield and quality of 2 Chinese Cucurbit species, melon (Cucumis melo cv. Huanghe) and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus. convar megulaspemus) were studied in Minqin Oasis, northwestern China. Our results show that melon yields decreased as water salinity increased, just as concentrations of glutamic acid content rose, although the concentration of most amino acids did not differ significantly. In contrast, watermelon yields decreased significantly as water salinity rose, and fruit number, fruit firmness, fruit crude protein, and essential amino acid …
Isolation And Characterization Of Native Bacillus Thuringiensis Isolates From Syrian Soil And Testing Of Their Insecticidal Activities Against Some Insect Pests, Hassan Ammouneh, Muhand Harba, Emad Idris, Hayat Makee
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Bacillus thuringiensis was detected in 12.5% of soil samples collected from different regions in Syria and 25 B. thuringiensis isolates were found to be highly toxic to larvae of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, Phthorimaea operculella Zeller, and Cydia pomonella L. (Lepidoptera), but not to the larvae of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera). Light microscopy investigation showed the presence of bipyramidal and cuboidal parasporal bodies produced by these isolates. The existence of different cry genes in the tested isolates was studied using a PCR strategy with a set of general primers recognizing some of the cry genes reported in the relevant literature. Primers corresponding …
Global Perspectives On First Generation Liquid Biofuel Production,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Global Perspectives On First Generation Liquid Biofuel Production, Rok Fink, Saso Medved
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Transport today is mostly sustained by liquid fossil fuels, despite the fact that the invention of the combustion engine started with biofuels. However, known environmental impacts and the instability of the fossil-fuel market have revived the status of biofuels. Some concerns have appeared regarding how emerging global climate changes will affect biofuels' feedstock production, since agriculture is strongly dependent on climate variables. Therefore, numerical models were introduced to calculate how temperature and precipitation could affect crop production for biodiesel and bioethanol production. Furthermore, 4 scenarios projected by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change were put into the calculations. The results …
Exploration Of Genotype Specific Fingerprinting Of Nigella Sativa L. Using Rapd Markers,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Exploration Of Genotype Specific Fingerprinting Of Nigella Sativa L. Using Rapd Markers, Muhammad Sajjad Iqbal, Shahid Nadeem, Shahid Mehboob, Abdul Ghafoor, Muhammad Ibrahim Rajoka, Afsari Sharif Qureshi, Bushra Niaz
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Nigella sativa L. has industrial, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical uses but has not been adequately characterized in Pakistan. This investigation was carried out to explore genotype specific fingerprinting of 32 N. sativa L. genotypes based on randomly amplified polymorphic DNA markers. From 58 random primers used, 15 primers generated 249 reproducible and scorable amplification products across all the genotypes, out of which 164 (66%) fragments were polymorphic revealing a high level of polymorphism among these genotypes. The proportion of common bands was low (34%). The size of the amplification products on agarose gels ranged between 0.5 and 10.0 kb. In 13 …
Estimating The Soil Water Retention Curve From Soil Particle Size Distribution Using The Arya And Paris Model For Iranian Soils, Leila Rezaee, Mahmoud Shabanpour, Naser Davatgar
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
The direct measurement of the soil water retention curve (SWRC) in a laboratory is time-consuming, difficult, and costly. Thus, many attempts have been made to predict the water retention curve indirectly from the physical and chemical properties of soil. The particle size distribution curve is one of the indirect methods used to predict the water retention curve. The Arya and Paris (AP) model predicts the soil water retention curve from soil particle size distribution (PSD) data. The AP model estimates pore radius from the radius of spherical particles by using a scaling parameter (\alpha). The objective of this study was …
Soil Formation Overlying Volcanic Materials At Mount Erenler, Konya, Turkey,
2011
TÜBİTAK
Soil Formation Overlying Volcanic Materials At Mount Erenler, Konya, Turkey, Sidika Özcan, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Özayteki̇n
Turkish Journal of Agriculture and Forestry
Studies of soils developed on volcanic materials are insufficient in Turkey in light of the wide distribution of these soils. The objectives of the present work were to assess the influence of climate and other soil-forming factors on physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics and pedological processes in the soil genesis and soil classification of 4 volcanic soil profiles derived from andesitic parent material, and to determine whether they meet the requirements for classification as Andisols. Collected from a semiarid climate in Konya, Turkey, these soils are characterized as medium- and fine-textured with low organic matter content, low cation exchange capacity, …
