Agriculture Commons^™

Quality Of Fresh And Stored Mares’ Milk, Grażyna Czyżak-Runowska, Jacek Wójtowski, Alicja Niewiadomska, Maria Markiewicz-Keszycka

Articles

Mares’ milk is characterised by unique nutritional profile. In this study, the microbiological analysis of mares’ milk was performed. The presence of total bacteria, total lactic bacteria, Lactobacillus spp., Streptococcus lactis, Salmonella spp. and coliforms was investigated. Moreover, the influence of refrigerated and frozen storage on the total bacteria count, vitamin C, acidity and colour of milk was examined. Pathogenic Salmonella spp. and coliforms were not detected in the raw milk. It was revealed that mares’ milk can be stored for 72 hours under refrigeration at a temperature of +4 °C without reducing its microbiological quality. Most of the physicochemical …

Lactic Acid Fermentation Of Arthrospira PlatensisIs (Spirulina) Biomass For Probiotic-Based Products, Alberto Niccolai, Emer Shannon, Nissreen Abu-Ghannam, Natascia Biondi, Liliana Rodolfi, Mario R. Tredici

Articles

The first objective of this study was to evaluate the use of lyophilised biomass of the cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis F&M-C256 as the sole substrate for lactic acid fermentation by the probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014. After 48 h of fermentation, the bacterial concentration was 10.6 log CFU mL−1 and lactic acid concentration reached 3.7 g L−1. Lyophilised A. platensis F&M-C256 biomass was shown to be a suitable substrate for L. plantarum ATCC 8014 growth. The second objective of the study was to investigate whether lactic acid fermentation could enhance in vitro digestibility and antioxidant activity of A. platensis biomass. …

Dietary Nitrate And Diet Quality: An Examination Of Changing Dietary Intakes Within A Representative Sample Of Australian Women, Jacklyn K. Jackson, Amanda J. Patterson, Lesley K. Macdonald-Wicks, Catherine P. Bondonno, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Natalie C. Ward, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Julie E. Byles, Mark A. Mcevoy

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Dietary nitrate is increasingly linked to a variety of beneficial health outcomes. Our purpose was to estimate dietary nitrate consumption and identify key dietary changes which have occurred over time within a representative sample of Australian women. Women from the 1946–1951 cohort of the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health with complete food frequency questionnaire data for both 2001 and 2013 were included for analysis. Dietary nitrate intakes were calculated using key published nitrate databases. Diet quality scores including the Australian Recommended Food Score, the Mediterranean Diet Score and the Nutrient Rich Foods Index were calculated along with food group …

Environmental Risk, Resource And Production, Nancye Gannaway

Farm Systems and Economics published reports

Plan Prepare Prosper - workshop

Aims

• To identify and plan for projected changes in weather patterns and in the physical resources that underpin the productivity of the farm enterprise.
• To develop initiatives to manage observed and likely threats from the environment to farm enterprises.
• To support the achievement of long-term economic viability of land under production

Today's content will help develop risk management strategies for agricultural production systems.

Plan, Prepare Prosper - Farm Business Planning - Strategic Planning Overview, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Farm Systems and Economics published reports

Sustainable management of the land is a responsibility that is integral to Aboriginal Culture and has been successfully achieved for thousands of years.

In today's world land managers need to wear two hats __ the land management hat and the business management hat. Both hats working successfully together can create sustainably managed land that will benefit the Community, reinstating the land to its role as a fundamental core for Culture, as well as providing potential financial income.

The purpose of this workshop is to foster the awareness of strategic planning for Culture and Business to operate successfully within the same …

Manipulating Graded Exercise Test Variables Affects The Validity Of The Lactate Threshold And Vo2peak, Nicholas A. Jamnick, Javier Botella, David B. Pyne, David Bishop

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background To determine the validity of the lactate threshold (LT) and maximal oxygen uptake (V_ O2max) determined during graded exercise test (GXT) of different durations and using different LT calculations. Trained male cyclists (n = 17) completed five GXTs of varying stage length (1, 3, 4, 7 and 10 min) to establish the LT, and a series of 30-min constant power bouts to establish the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS). V_ O2 was assessed during each GXT and a subsequent verification exhaustive bout (VEB), and 14 different LTs were calculated from four of the GXTs (3, 4, 7 and 10 …

Forest Type Influences Population Densities Of Nocturnal Lemurs In Manompana, Northeastern Madagascar, Alex Miller, Harriet R. Mills, Tantely Ralantoharijaona, Nicole A. Volasoa, Chantal Misandeau, Lounès Chikhi, Roberta Bencini, Jordi Salmona

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Forest loss, fragmentation, and anthropization threaten the survival of forest species all over the world. Shifting agriculture is one of these threatening processes in Madagascar. However, when its cycle is halted and the land is left to regenerate, the resulting growth of secondary forest may provide a viable habitat for folivorous and omnivorous lemur species. We aimed to identify the response of nocturnal lemurs to different successional stages of regenerating secondary, degraded mature, and mature forest across a mosaic-type landscape. We surveyed four nocturnal lemur species (Avahi laniger, Microcebus cf. simmonsi, Allocebus trichotis, and Daubentonia madagascariensis) in four forest types …

Study On Relationship Of Quaity Between Wheat Quality And Fresh Noodles, Deng Hang, Zhou Wenhua, Li Lihua

Food and Machinery

In this study, five different varieties of Chinese wheats: “Jimai 22”, “Yannong 19”, “Yannong 5158”, “Aikang 58”, “Lunxuan 988” from the main producing area in China: Shanxi, Anhui and Henan were selected. The main physical and chemical characters, such as the content of protein, ash, starch, et al, as well as the farinograph property of flour milled by those five different varieties of wheats, were described, and the sensory evaluation and textural properties (TPA) of fresh noodle made from those flour were determined. The correlation between wheat quality and farinograph property and quality of fresh noodles were all analyzed. The …

Study On Micronization Of Spi Emulsions By Ultrasonication And Microfluidization Techniques, Feng Lili, Wu Xue, Huang Zhigang, Yu Jian

Food and Machinery

The purpose of the study was to produce soy protein isolate(SPI) micro emulsion droplet by ultrasonication and microfluidization Techniques. The changes of SPI emulsion temperature, average droplet diameter and size distribution were observed. The distribution curve of SPI droplet processed by ultrasonication has two peaks and that of SPI droplet processed by microfluidization has single peak. The results indicate that the SPI emulsion processed by high pressure is more homogeneous. The capability of reducing size by ultrasonic process (1 200 W) is very limited, and the SPI emulsion tends to agglomerate after a long time of ultrasonic process. Microfluidization (microseconds, …

Structural Characterization And Antioxiant, Moisture-Absording And Moisture-Retention Properties Of Polysaccharides Of Sophora Japonica L., Li Caixia, Zheng Xue, Gao Haining, Zhang Yong

Food and Machinery

The polysaccharides from the seeds and peel of Sophora japonica L. were extracted respectively by double enzymes, The basic structure of polysaccharides were identified by using infrared spectroscopy,and antioxidant activity, moisture absorption and retention capacities of polysaccharides were evaluated. The results indicated that the polysaccharides extraction yield of Sophora japonica L. seeds and peel were 11.6% and 24.7% respectively. The IR spectrum indicated peel and seed polysaccharides had typical characteristic absorption peaks of polysaccharides and pyran ring structure, seed polysaccharides contained a-glycosidic bonds, peel polysaccharides contained α and β glycosidic bonds.The radical scavenging experiment showed that two different polysaccharides of …

Study On Correlation Between Texture Characteristics And Sound Insulation Coefficient Of Bread, Liang Yi, Feng Tao, Zhang Zihan, Wang Jie, Wang Jing

Food and Machinery

The texture parameters and sound insulation coefficients of the whole wheat bread and white bread were measured according to the difference of the standing time, and the least squares regression analysis was carried out according to the maximum Pearson coefficient of sound insulation coefficients. The results showed that the hardness, elasticity, adhesion and chewiness of whole wheat bread were linear with the sound insulation coefficient of specific frequency. However, no significant linear relationship was found in the studies on the white bread.

Study On Correlation Between Sound Of Breaking And Crispness Of Potato Chips, Zhang Zihan, Feng Tao, Liang Yi, Feng Lili, Wang Jing

Food and Machinery

The hardness and crispness of potato chips were tested by texture analyzer in the present study. Moreover, the fractured acoustic signals were collected to analyze the relationship between the crispness of potato chips and the acoustic characteristics, and the acoustic rating of physical properties were evaluated. The relationship between the hardness crispness and flexibility of three different potato chips and their acoustic characteristics were investigated. The results showed that the more crispness of potato chips had, their hardness and toughness were lower, and the sound of breaking was louder. However, no significant linear correlation were found between the characteristics.

The Kinetics Of Microwave Drying Ginger Based On The Volatile Detection, Xu Wanxiu, Li Jing, Li Zhenfeng, Zhu Guanyu, Song Chunfang, Zhang Junsheng

Food and Machinery

The online volatile changes of the ginger on drying process and drying characteristics were analyzed at the four constant drying temperature, 50, 60, 70, 80 ℃, respectively. The volatile emission intensity and quality of the corresponding drying temperature was compared to find out a better drying condition. It was found thatd the drying temperature at 60 ℃ could preserve preferred volatile best and avoid burning occurrence. Moreover, the color difference and rehydration ratio were olso found better.

Quality Indifferent Degrees Of Softness Of Pickles And Itsprincipal Components Analysis Of Volatiles, Huang Shenglan, Du Muyin, Zhou Xianrong, Tang Yanyan, Li Yuzhu, Long Mou, Yu Lihong

Food and Machinery

Taking softened radish pickles as research object, the present study explored the differences in physicochemical property and flavor substance of normal pickles and pickles with different softness, determined the flavor and analyzed the main ingredients of pickles with eadspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromate graphy-mass spectrometry, HS-SPME-GC-MS. The experimental results showed that the acidity and salinity of softened pickles were higher than those of normal pickles. The texture index, sensory evaluation of normal pickles were all better than softened pickles, and the 4 kinds of pickles were all yellowish green. 41, 32, 37 and 30 volatile ingredients were detected in normal pickles …

Analysis And Comparison On Solid Ispersion Performance Of Dandelion Chlorogenic Acid, Li Yan, Wang Jie, Cao Keke, Wang Zhanggui, Wang Di

Food and Machinery

To use the solid dispersion method that could improve the dissolution rate of chlorogenic acid.With the factor experiment design, chlorogenic acid solid was mixed with PVPK30 and PEG4000 respectively, with the feed auxiliary ratio of 12, 14, 16, 18. The finished product of solid dispersion prepared by four types of mixture ratio were compared in the vitro solubility, cumulative dissolution and stability, and the optimal mixture ratio was analyzed by SEM. The experiment showed that chlorogenic acid solid dispersion could be prepared by mixture ratio of 14, with PVPK30 as carrier. Compared with crude drugs, in vitro solubility and dissolution …

Analyses Of The Volume Of The Polybasic Acids And Higher Fatty Acids And Their Effect On Tobacco Quality, Xue Yun, Long Zhangde, Yan Jun, Liu Hong, Li Xinqin, Hu Zhizhong, Pan Yongcheng, Lin Shunshun, Zhang Xiaoming

Food and Machinery

The relationship of polybasic acids and higher fatty acid content with sensory quality of tobacco raw materials from the different tobacco growing area in Hunan province was investigated, using non derivatization gas chromatographic method. Seven tobacco samples were collected from three districts/counties, and the content of polybasic acids and higher fatty acids of them were detected. The results showed that the highest content of seven kinds of tobacco among the polybasic acids was propionic acid, followed by 2-Methylbutyric acid and 3-methylvaleric acid. Among the higher fatty acids, the highest content of seven kinds of tobacco was palmitic acid, followed by …

Uncertainty Evaluation Of The Determination Of Total Sugar， Reducing Sugar， Chlorine， Potassium In Tobacco, Xu Yong, Li Chao, Yang Qianxu, Qin Yunhua, Jiang Wei, Liu Zhihua, Wu Yiqin, Jiang Ciqin, Zhang Chengming, Liu Wei

Food and Machinery

The uncertainty in the measurement for determination of the total sugar, reducing sugar, chlorine, potassium in tobacco by the continuous flow method was evaluated with the actual instance. The influence factors on the uncertainty in the measurement for determination of total sugar, reducing sugar, chlorine, potassium content were analyzed, the component and combined uncertainties were calculated, and the expanded uncertainties of the above three components were 0.44%, 0.40%, 0.02% and 0.06%, respectively, which providing the credibility and confidence interval to the measurement results.

Analysis Of The Differences Of Heavy Metal Enrichment Between Silver Carp And Aristichthys Nobilis In East Dongting Lake, Liu Xiaowei, Lu Weiya, Xue Minmin, Li Zhonghai

Food and Machinery

To evaluate the pollution of heavy metal in east Dongting Lake and analyze the differences of enrichment of heavy metal between silver carp and aristichthys nobilis, this experiment determined the concentration of five different heavy metals, including Cr, Cu, Cd, Pb and Hg, in sediment and tissues of silver carp and Aristichthys nobilis. Results show that the concentration of Cr in sediment belongs to the first state level in soil standard, the concentrations of Cu, Pb and Hg belong to the second state level in soil standard, the concentration of Cd is 2 times of the third state level in …

Antimicrobial Activity And Chemical Composition Of Eucalyptus Essential Oil, Ren Xiaoling, Yue Shuli, Xiang Hong, Liu Huiya

Food and Machinery

To study the antimicrobial potential of vapor-phase Eucalyptus essential oil, the antimicrobial activity and minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) were evaluated against the tested microorganisms in vapor, liquid and solid phases. The chemical constitutes of Eucalyptus essential oil and its vapor were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and solid phase microextraction (SPME) GC-MS. The results demonstrated that Eucalyptus essential oil vapor had obvious antimicrobial effect on the tested microorganisms. The antimicrobial activities of Eucalyptus essential oil vapor against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aurous were stronger than that against Aspergillus niger. The MIC value (0.045～0.36 mg/mL) in the vapor phase to …

Antibacterial Activity Of Fractions And Chemical Constituents Analysis Of Dichloromethane Fraction From Bletilla Striata, Wu Yongxiang, Cheng Manhuai, Jiang Haitao, Hou Shuzeng, Wan Zhibing

Food and Machinery

Bletilla striata extracts were prepared by methanol circumfluence extraction. Five different polarity fractions were obtained by extraction in turn with n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water. The inhibiting effects on E. coli, S.aureus, B.subtilis and P.aeruginos were measured by using filter paper disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) method. The chemical constituents of the active fraction were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the methanol extract, n-hexane and dichloromethane fractions exhibited significant inhibition against four common bacterial strains. Dichloromethane fraction presented the best antibacterial effect than other fractions (P＜0.05). Dichloromethane fraction exerted potent …