Agriculture Commons^™

Design And Analysis Of A Parallel Multi-Fingered Dexterous Hand, Fand Yuefa, Zhou Siyuan

Food and Machinery

Aiming at the shortcomings of series dexterous hand, a new multi-fingered dexterous hand is designed and analyzed based on the advantage of parallel mechanism. Firstly, according to the method of configuration synthesis, a three-degree-of-freedom parallel finger mechanism is proposed and its kinematics is analyzed. Then, based on the configuration of finger mechanism, a suitable palm is designed and combined into a multi-fingered dexterous hand. Finally, the grasping ability and reachable workspace of the parallel multi-fingered dexterous hand are analyzed and compared with the performance of the series dexterous hand. The results show that the multi-fingered dexterous hand based on parallel …

Studies On The Rheological, Bubble Microstructure And Baking Properties Of The Low-Fat Cake With Propylene Glycol Esters, Wang Jiabao, Chen Cheng, Wang Feng, Hao Yuehui, Huang Jinxin, Chen Junmin, Huang Weining, Akihiro Ogawa

Food and Machinery

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of new propylene glycol esters emulsifier on the specific gravity, viscosity, rheology, microstructure of batter and baking characteristics of low-fat cake. The results showed that propylene glycol esters increased the surface tension of oil and promoted changes in fat structure to the α crystalline form as observed by XRD. The small bubbles were protected by propylene glycol esters from defoaming caused by oil. The number of bubbles increased by 1.87 times. Propylene glycol ester significantly increased the specific volume and decreased hardness of low-fat cake.

Effect Of Tea Polyphenols On Antioxidation And Starch Digestion Characteristics Of Black Powder, Liu Xin, He Xinyi, Wang Hongbin, Huang Zonghai, Liu Xiaodong, Zhen Runyimg

Food and Machinery

The effects of different tea polyphenols on the antioxidant and digestive properties of black powder were studied. Taking the DPPH scavenging free radical rate, total reducing power, starch hydrolysis curve as the indicators, discussed the effect of tea polyphenols on the antioxidant and digestive properties of black powder. Research indicates: the addition of tea polyphenols significantly changed the index of black powder (P<0.05), enhanced DPPH free radical scavenging ability, total reducing power, total antioxidant, reduced starch hydrolysis rate. When the amount of tea polyphenols added is 0.040%, the DPPH free radical scavenging ability, total reducing power absorbance and total antioxidant ability of black powdered powder increased by 4.6%, 0.58, 8.83 U/g, respectively. The starch hydrolysis rate of black powder was reduced by 24.98%.

The Flavor Compounds In Fermented Sausages Analyzed By Gc-Ms And Its Relationship With Fermentation Time, Li Jia, Liu Zhongyi, Fu Man, Liu Hongyan, Wu Xiaoyan, Li Ting

Food and Machinery

The single factor test was used to analyze the influence of the three factors, sample mass, extraction time and extraction temperature, on the extraction effect of flavor substances from the fermented sausage. And the aroma components from sausages fermented for 6 h and 9 h at 32 ℃ were compared. The results showed that the optimized extraction conditions were the sample mass of 3.0 g when extracted for 50 min at 60 ℃. The 54 and 20 aroma components were respectively identified in sausages fermented for 6 h and 9 h. The esters were found the main volatile components in …

Design Of Robot Nc Cooperative Electromechanical System For Remote 3d Cake Printer, An Jiaqiang, Tang Xiaohua, Wu Jing, Yang Siping, Li Tianjiao

Food and Machinery

Based on the analysis of the forming law and manufacturing technology of butter cake, a new butter cake processing machine body was proposed, consisting of a three-degree-of-freedom manipulator and a four-axis motion platform. In the control system, ARM microcontroller and MCX514 motion control chip were used as the core hardware of the control system. At the software level, FreeRTOS embedded operating system and GRBL numerical control system were used as the software framework of the control system. Through the calibration of the basic coordinate system of the contact three-point handshake, the manipulator and the motion table were cooperated to complete …

Moisture Sorption Isotherm Characteristics And The Model Characterization Of Two-Components In The Rice-Made Wafer, Cheng Xueyu, Qian Yihan, Lu Lixin

Food and Machinery

The relation between the equilibrium moisture content and the water activity of crust filling at 23, 30 and 45 ℃ were studied by gravimetric method. The test data were fitted with some typical moisture absorption models by Matlab. The results showed that the moisture isotherm of crust and filling were both S type model. When the moisture activity was constant, the equilibrium moisture content first increase and then decrease with the increase of temperature, which was different from other foods. The Lewicki model and Peleg were the most suitable for fitting adsorption isotherms of crust and filling when the moisture …

Effect Of Ice Temperature Storage On Postharvest Grape Fruit Quality, Zhang Zhe, Zhang Qiuyue, Wang Huaiwen, Guo Xu, Zhang Ping, Zhu Zhiqiang, Tian Jinjin, Wang Sasa

Food and Machinery

In order to clarify the effect of ice-temperature storage on the quality of grape fruit, the quality of Italian grape was studied under four different storage temperatures: super-ice temperature (-3 ℃ and -2 ℃), ice temperature (-1 ℃) and ordinary low temperature (4 ℃). The results showed that the contents of chlorophyll, titratable acid and vitamin C of Italian grapes stored at -3 ℃ were relatively high, which could maintain the nutritional components of grapes well and help grapes to maintain better color and taste during storage.

Ozone Ice Preparation Technology And Its Research Advances In Food Preservation, Yuan Chenghao, Liu Yongle, Huang Yiqun, Wang Jianhui, Huang Shouen, Li Xianghong, Wang Faxiang, Yu Jian

Food and Machinery

Compared with the ozone gas and water, the ozone ice is easy to store and has a long half-life. Furthermore, ozone stored in the ice will be slowly released with the melting process of ice. Due to these precise characters, ozone ice can be used for long-term sterilization for food preservation. Starting from the progress of ozone production technology, the authors introduce the production of ozone, and the preparation of ozone water, and the application of ozone ice in food preservation.

Research Progress On The Bioactive Compounds And Their Bioactivities Of Pepper Seed, Zhong Jin, Liu Yida, Xiao Yu

Food and Machinery

In this revtew, the current research progress on the main nutritional components, bioactive substances and biological activities of pepper seed worldwide were summarized, to provide reference basis and new ideas for its comprehensive utilization.

Assessment Of Agricultural Drought Considering The Hydrological Cycle And Crop Phenology In The Korean Peninsula, Chul-Hee Lim, Seung Hee Kim, Jong Ahn Chun, Menas Kafatos, Woo-Kyun Lee

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Hydrological changes attributable to global warming increase the severity and frequency of droughts, which in turn affect agriculture. Hence, we proposed the Standardized Agricultural Drought Index (SADI), which is a new drought index specialized for agriculture and crops, and evaluated current and expected droughts in the Korean Peninsula. The SADI applies crop phenology to the hydrological cycle, which is a basic element that assesses drought. The SADI of rice and maize was calculated using representative hydrological variables (precipitation, evapotranspiration, and runoff) of the crop growing season. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of SADI, the three-month Standardized Precipitation Index, which …

Application Of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification In An Early Warning System For Epidemics Of An Externally Sourced Plant Virus, Benjamin S. Congdon, Paul Matson, Farhana Begum, Monica Kehoe, Brenda A. Coutts

Biosecurity Research Articles

Restricting Turnip yellows virus (TuYV) spread in canola (Brassica napus) crops often relies upon the application of systemic insecticides to protect young vulnerable plants from wide-scale green-peach aphid (GPA; Myzus persicae) colonization and subsequent virus infection. For these to be applied at the optimal time to ensure they prevent epidemics, growers would need to be forewarned of incoming viruliferous aphid migration and colonization. This study was conducted to field validate a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) protocol designed to detect TuYV in aphids caught on traps and develop an early warning system for TuYV epidemics. Double-sided yellow sticky traps were deployed …

The Survival Of Mediterranean Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Over Winter In Western Australia, Touhidur Rahman, Sonya Broughton

Biosecurity Research Articles

The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the most economically important pest insects of fruit crops worldwide. Mediterranean fruit fly can cause up to 100% crop loss in susceptible fruit. In order to formulate best management practices, it is critical to understand how Mediterranean fruit fly overwinters in a given geographical location and bridge the gap between autumn and spring populations. In this study, we evaluated the overwintering potential of Mediterranean fruit fly immature and adult stages in two locations in Perth Hills, Western Australia. We also monitored wild adult Mediterranean fruit fly populations for …

Four Steps To Improved Group Productivity, Cheryl A. Burkhart-Kriesel

Cornhusker Economics

Just ask anyone - people waste a lot of time in meetings – all kinds of meetings. The meetings could be work related, within community organizations or even within a family. They can be anywhere people get together and want to go beyond a discussion and move toward action. Groups, both large and small, often discuss important issues but many times the conversations are all over the place or they are so short that decisions are often hard to make due to the lack of clarity and focus in the discussion.

Want to change that situation? If so, here is …

A Revised Land Ethic: Sustainable And Spiritual Agriculture, Brooke Maitlan Parrett

Student Theses 2015-Present

This paper proposes a return to the land and reconnection of spiritual practices through ethical teachings. Such a land ethic would involve answering the woes of industrial agriculture and providing a framework for farmers, consumers, and policymakers based on sustainable and spiritual considerations of the land. I analyze the loss of spiritual literacy and traditional ecological knowledge in the United States and discuss the spiritual history of agriculture in order to analyze contemporary religious perspectives on farming and agricultural ethics and thereby develop my own recommendations. The land ethic I propose combines sustainability and spirituality to develop intrinsic respect for …

Introduction To Sorghum Paper Production, Zachary Christman

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Sorghum is a tall grass used for many commercial products such as fodder and syrup. The 10 to 15 feet stalk of the plant has lower lignin than wood and provides a fiber length of 2.31 mm in the outer covering and 1.38 mm for the leaf. Sorghum fiber makes a high quality, strong paper suitable for printing, packaging and paperboard.

The Battle Of The Powers: Newly Obtained Benefits From The Revitilised Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement, Scott Halsted

Master's Projects and Capstones

The Trans Pacific Partnership (TPP) agreement would have been the most sizeable free trade agreement in history. The agreement was set up by the Obama administration as an economic benefactor plus geopolitical tool to maintain the balance of power in the Asia Pacific region, rivaling the power of China. However, numerous politicians within the Trump administration, plus multiple political opposers including Hillary Clinton and Sen. Bernie Sanders, were major advocates for the U.S. removal after realistically adjusted estimates of the TPP showed economic benefits not equating to original estimates. However, the United States withdrawal raises significant successes that can be …

Oxyrase And Pyruvate Inclusion In Extenders For Cold Stored Stallion Spermatozoa, Jordan T. Shore

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

A current method in addressing subfertility in stallions include manipulating the semen extender media by supplementing antioxidants and energy sources. Two experiments (EXP 1/EXP 2) were conducted to assess the effects of pyruvate and Oxyrase^® suspended in commercial diluents for preservation of stallion spermatozoa. Assessment of total (TM) and progressive motility (PM), velocity and direction of movement (VAP, VSL, VCL, and elongation) were recorded by CASA. In EXP 1, 3 different ejaculates were collected from each of 4 stallions. Aliquots of each ejaculate were suspended into 4 treatments of INRA96 with or without Oxyrase^® supplemented at 2.4 U/ml …

Barriers Missouri's Farmers Face Regarding Beginning Farmer Government Programs, Benjamin J. Travlos

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Federal and state governments have responded to the hardships beginning farmers and ranchers face by creating programs to mediate the identified challenges for new producers. However, hardships still exist for these producers and there is a lack of research on if the programs are providing the needed assistance to beginning farmers and ranchers. This research explores the perceived barriers to beginning farmer federal and state government programs for Missouri producers. Through the utilization of focus groups, the research identified major barriers such as: time, program awareness, program resources, and program requirements and eligibility. Aside from the barriers, the research also …

Macronutrient Content Of Winter Annual Cereal Grains With Phosphorus Fertilization, Taylor Anne Young

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Missouri ranks third in the United States in cow-calf production, and much of the land these cattle graze has acidic soil that is low in plant available phosphorus (P). Proper soil fertility is important to ensure that these forages meet the nutritional requirements of cattle. Tall fescue (Festuca arundinaceum (Schreb.)), has been shown to respond to increased soil P levels with increased growth and leaf concentrations of P, calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and potassium (K). It is unknown if winter annual cereals will respond similarly. The objective of this study is to examine cereal rye (Secale cereal L.), winter wheat …

Sugarcane Straw Blanket Management Effects On Plant Growth, Development, And Yield In Southeastern Brazil, Izaias P. Lisboa, Maurício R. Cherubin, Renato P. De Lima, Maria R. Gmach, Brian J. Wienhold, Marty R. Schmer, Virginia L. Jin, Elizio F.F. Junior, Henrique P. Guerra, Carlos C. Cerri, Carlos E.P. Cerri

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

In Brazilian sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) production systems, the practice of moving harvesting residue from row to inter-row positions (i.e., raking) has increased in response to producer concerns over the potential negative effects of sugarcane straw on crop establishment and stalk yield. Despite increasing adoption among sugarcane farmers, the impacts of straw raking practices on plant growth and yield remain unclear. A 2-yr experiment that included both dry and wet seasons was conducted at two sites in southeastern Brazil to evaluate straw management strategy effects on plant tillering, phytomass accumulation, plant nutritional status, and stalk yield. The experiments were established at …