Agriculture Commons^™

The Impact Of Covid-19 And Economic Policies On Nebraska Farm Real Estate In 2021, Jim Jansen, Jeffrey Stokes

Cornhusker Economics

Land industry professionals responding to the annual survey attributed the rise in Nebraska farm real estate values to current interest rate levels, crop prices, and COVID-19 disaster assistance payments provided to operators across the state. These forces substantially impacted farm and ranch finances across Nebraska. Operators faced an exceptional amount of risk and uncertainty when navigating production decisions during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic. Lower interest rates and disaster assistance payments provided stability to an industry facing an unpreceded economic shutdown and disruptions of supply chains.

Effects Of Intraguild Interactions On Anticarsia Gemmatalis And Chrysodeixis Includens Larval Fitness And Behavior In Soybean, Sabrina Ongaratto, Edson Ll Baldin, Thomas E. Hunt, Debora G. Montezano, Emily A. Robinson, Maria C. Dos Santos

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Crop pest management requires an understanding of the complex interactions among species that potentially impact crop yield. In soybean, the velvetbean caterpillar, Anticarsia gemmatalis (Hübner), and the soybean looper, Chrysodeixis includens (Walker), are described as key pests, sharing the same feeding guild. We assessed the intraguild interactions of these species under laboratory conditions. Fitness cost study was conducted to examine the influence of competition on insect development. A video tracking system was used to evaluate behavioral parameters during larval interactions in scenarios with and without food availability. RESULTS: In the fitness cost assay, pupal weight was not significantly affected, …

Conservation Management Improves Agroecosystem Function And Resilience Of Soil Nitrogen Cycling In Response To Seasonal Changes In Climate, Lidong Li, Julie Konkel, Virginia L. Jin, Sean M. Schaeffer

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Understanding how conservation agricultural management improves soil nitrogen (N) stability in the face of climate change can help increase agroecosystem productivity and mitigate runoff, leaching and downstream water quality issues. We conducted a 2-year field study in a 36-year-old rain-fed cotton production system to evaluate the impacts of changing climatic factors (temperature and precipitation) on soil N under conservation management, including moderate inorganic N fertilizer application (0 and 67 kg N ha⁻¹ ), winter cover crops (fallow; winter wheat, Triticum aestivum L.; hairy vetch, Vicia villosa Roth), and reduced tillage (no-till; disk tillage). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used …

Evaluation Of The Effect Of Jasmonic Acid Elicitation On Composition Of Pigments In Green Callus Of Neem (Azadirachta Indica), Nurul Syazwani Ahmad Fauzi

Student Works (2020-2029)

This project was carried out with the aim of determining the effects of jasmonic acid (JA) elicitation on the bioactive pigments biosynthesis and the antioxidant activities in green callus of Azadirachta indica. Plant tissue culture technique was employed to induce the formation of green callus from leaf explants of A. indica on media using 0.6 mg/L thidiazuron (CM) and three different concentrations of jasmonic acid (2, 4 and 6 mg/L) for 4 and 8 weeks of incubation time. The methanolic extracts from the green callus were used for determination of total anthocyanin content (TAC), total chlorophyll content (TCh), total carotenoid …

Variations In Bacterial Community Structure And Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Abundance In Cattle Manure And Poultry Litter, Biyensa Gurmessa, Amanda J. Ashworth, Yichao Yang, Mary Savin, Philip A. Moore Jr, Steven C. Ricke, Giuseppe Corti, Ester Foppa Pedretti, Stefania Cocco

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Cattle manure and poultry litter are widely used as fertilizers as they are excellent sources of nutrients; however, potential adverse environmental effects exist during land applications, due to the release of zoonotic bacteria and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes. This study was conducted to understand linkages between physiochemical composition, bacterial diversity, and AMR gene presence of cattle manure and poultry litter using quantitative polymerase chain reaction to enumerate four AMR genes (ermB, sulI, intlI, and blactx-m-32), Illumina sequencing of the 16 S region, and analysis of physical and chemical properties. Principal coordinate analysis of Bray–Curtis distance revealed distinct bacterial community structures …

Design, Fabrication And Evaluation A New Mechanism To Automatic Weight Transfer Control System On A Tractor, Javad Tarighi, Seyed Saeid Mohtasebi

Emirates Journal for Engineering Research

Increasing tractor weight during agricultural operations is one of ways to optimization the performance of tractor tires interacting with soil. One of these methods is adding weight on the front of the tractor, which leads to better engagement of front tires with soil. In four-wheel drive tractors also causes better steering wheel drive tractors, in addition it prevents from weight transfer to the rear of the tractor, which causes overturning. In this research, a new approach has been proposed that proves automatic weight transfer is possible by putting some lightweight instead of main weights on the front of the tractor. …

Microbial Community Field Surveys Reveal Abundant Pseudomonas Population In Sorghum Rhizosphere Composed Of Many Closely Related Phylotypes, Dawn Chiniquy, Elle M. Barnes, Jinglie Zhou, Kyle Hartman, Xiaohui Li, Amy Sheflin, Ellen Marsh, Jessica Prenni, Adam M. Deutschbauer, Daniel P. Schachtman, Susannah G. Tringe

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

While the root-associated microbiome is typically less diverse than the surrounding soil due to both plant selection and microbial competition for plant derived resources, it typically retains considerable complexity, harboring many hundreds of distinct bacterial species. Here, we report a time-dependent deviation from this trend in the rhizospheres of field grown sorghum. In this study, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing was used to determine the impact of nitrogen fertilization on the development of the root-associated microbiomes of 10 sorghum genotypes grown in eastern Nebraska. We observed that early rhizosphere samples exhibit a significant reduction in overall diversity due to a high …

Irrigation Management In High Tunnels, Dan Drost, Brent Black, Melanie Stock

All Current Publications

High tunnels provide season extension for various high-value horticulture crops in a diverse range of climates. These large, plastic-covered structures modify the environmental conditions of the covered area. Temperature management is commonly the focus when growing in high tunnels as this may be the key factor limiting plant growth during much of the year. While high tunnel temperature management is important, growers also need to address water management to ensure plants are not water-stressed. Common mistakes are underestimating water needs, which stresses plants or creates conditions favoring plant diseases and nutrient leaching from overwatering. Knowing when to irrigate and how …

Utility Of Climatic Information Via Combining Ability Models To Improve Genomic Prediction For Yield Within The Genomes To Fields Maize Project, Diego Jarquin, Natalia De Leon, Cinta Romay, Martin Bohn, Edward S. Buckler, Ignacio Ciampitti, Jode Edwards, David Ertl, Sherry Flint-Garcia, Michael A. Gore, Christopher Graham, Candice N. Hirsch, James B. Holland, David Hooker, Shawn M. Kaeppler, Joseph Knoll, Elizabeth C. Lee, Carolyn J. Lawrence-Dill, Jonathan P. Lynch, Stephen P. Moose, Seth C. Murray, Rebecca Nelson, Torbert Rocheford, James C. Schnable, Patrick S. Schnable, Margaret Smith, Nathan Springer, Peter Thomison, Mitch Tuinstra, Randall J. Wisser, Wenwei Xu, Jianming Yu, Aaron Lorenz

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Genomic prediction provides an efficient alternative to conventional phenotypic selection for developing improved cultivars with desirable characteristics. New and improved methods to genomic prediction are continually being developed that attempt to deal with the integration of data types beyond genomic information. Modern automated weather systems offer the opportunity to capture continuous data on a range of environmental parameters at specific field locations. In principle, this information could characterize training and target environments and enhance predictive ability by incorporating weather characteristics as part of the genotype-by-environment (G×E) interaction component in prediction models. We assessed the usefulness of including weather data variables …

Spinifex Rangeland Pastures And Fire In Western Australia, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

Fire is integral to many ecosystems in the Western Australian rangelands. Rangeland fires affect more than just pastoralists and the businesses they run: these fires affect community safety and health, regional economies, societal and cultural values of landscape, biodiversity and tourism.

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development provides this information to support pastoral managers making decisions about sustainable resource use.

Arid Zone Rangeland Pastures And Fire, Department Of Primary Industries And Regional Development, Western Australia

Natural resources factsheets

Fire is integral to many ecosystems in the Western Australian rangelands. Rangeland fires affect more than just pastoralists and the businesses they run: these fires affect community safety and health, regional economies, societal and cultural values of landscape, biodiversity and tourism.

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development provides this information to support pastoral managers making decisions about sustainable resource use.

Weather And Climate Summary And Forecast: March 2021 Report, Gregory V. Jones

Linfield University Wine Studies Reports

This report provides a summary of the weather and climate forecast for March 2021. It includes forecast information specific to the Pacific Northwest and the western United States, as well as forecast information for other portions of the United States and abroad.

Effects Of Foliar Fungicide On Yield, Micronutrients, And Cadmium In Grains From Historical And Modern Hard Winter Wheat Genotypes, Hollman Motta-Romero, Ferdinand Niyongira, Jeffrey D. Boehm Jr, Devin J. Rose

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Plant breeding and disease management practices have increased the grain yield of hard winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) adapted to the Great Plains of the United States during the last century. However, the effect of genetic gains for seed yield and the application of fungicide on the micronutrient and cadmium (Cd) concentration in wheat grains is still unclear. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of fungicide application on the productivity and nutritional quality of wheat cultivars representing 80 years of plant breeding efforts. Field experiments were conducted over two crop years (2017 and 2018) with eighteen …

A Microbiome Engineering Framework To Evaluate Rhizobial Symbionts Of Legumes, Kenjiro W. Quides, Hagop S. Atamian

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Background

For well over a century, rhizobia have been recognized as effective biofertilizer options for legume crops. This has led to the widespread use of rhizobial inoculants in agricultural systems, but a recurring issue has emerged: applied rhizobia struggle to provide growth benefits to legume crops. This has largely been attributed to the presence of soil rhizobia and has been termed the ‘rhizobial competition problem.’

Scope

Microbiome engineering has emerged as a methodology to circumvent the rhizobial competition problem by creating legume microbiomes that do not require exogenous rhizobia. However, we highlight an alternative implementation of microbiome engineering that focuses …

Proceedings Of The 48th Annual Meeting, Southern Soybean Disease Workers (March 3, 2021, Virtual Content), Tessie Wilkerson, Trey Price, Tom W. Allen, Burton H. Bluhm, Danise Beadle

Southern Soybean Disease Workers: Conference Proceedings

2021 Southern Soybean Disease Workers Agenda

Virtual | Wednesday, March 3, 2021

Southern United States Soybean Disease Loss Estimates for 2020. TW Allen, K Bissonnette, CA Bradley, JP Damicone, NS Dufault, TR Faske, T Isakeit, RC Kemerait, A Koehler, D Langston, JD Mueller, GB Padgett, PP Price, EJ Sikora, IM Small, L Thiessen, and H Young

Student papers (Tessie Wilkerson, moderator)

Secondary metabolites produced by Xylaria necrophora are responsible for the foliar symptoms associated with taproot decline of soybean. Teddy Garcia-Aroca, Trey Price, José Solórzano, David Galo, Sophie Sheffield, Jonathan K. Richards, and Vinson P. Doyle

Meta-analysis of fungicide performance …

Community Supported Enterprises – Preparing For The Future, Charlotte Narjes

Cornhusker Economics

The Bayard Grocery store made headline news in Nebraska the end of January with the announcement of its upcoming closure. Unfortunately, a grocery store closing is not uncommon in Nebraska or across the United States. A North Dakota study from the state’s association of rural electric cooperatives in 2017 found that in communities with 2,100 people or fewer, there are 98 full-service grocery stores, down from 137 in 2014. In addition, A PEW Trusts article in October 2019, further addresses the nationwide challenge of rural grocery store closures. Challenges include decreased population, competition from superstores (i.e., Walmart), and rural food …

Soil Quality Indices As Affected By Long-Term Burning, Irrigation, Tillage, And Fertility Management, Helen C.S. Amorim, Amanda J. Ashworth, Kristofor R. Brye, Brian J. Wienhold, Mary C. Savin, Phillip R. Owens, Sergio H.G. Silva

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Understanding the impacts of long-term agricultural practices on soil quality (SQ) is key for sustaining agroecosystem productivity. This study investigated conventional and no-tillage (NT), residue burning and no burning, residue level (high and low), and irrigation (irrigated and dryland) effects on soil properties, SQ, and crop yields following 16 yr of a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)–soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] double-crop system via the Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF). A field experiment was conducted in the Lower Mississippi River Delta region on a silt-loam soil. Bulk density, soil organic C (SOC), total N (TN), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and soil …

Moran Eigenvector Filtering Of Multi-Year Yield Data With Application To Zone Development, Dan S. Long, Daniel A. Griffith, Craig K. Kvien, David E. Clay

Agronomy, Horticulture and Plant Science Faculty Publications

A time‐series of yield monitor data may be used to identify field areas of consistently low or high yield to serve as productivity zones for site‐specific crop management. However, transient factors that affect yield in 1 yr, but not every year, detract from this approach. The objective of this study was to illustrate Moran eigenvector spatial filtering (MESF) with results from analysis of multi‐year crop yield data from two farm fields in the United States. The MESF method accounts for temporal autocorrelation within a common factor map representing the correlation across years and partitions stochastic geographic variation into spatially structured …

Sipping Sustainably: A Case Study On Daou Family Estates, Nicole Grant

Experience Industry Management

In today’s era, year 2021, there is a high emphasis placed on sustainability in a business. Companies are adopting practices that encompass environmental, social, and economic sustainability. The purpose of this study was to examine the three pillars of sustainability at DAOU Family Estates. DAOU Vineyards is a winery located in Paso Robles, California, that is known for its production of Cabernet Sauvignon. Data were gathered through a case study guide that outlined the current sustainability efforts put into place at DAOU Family Estates. A case study guide was assembled by the researcher to evaluate the different categories of sustainability …

Desktop Review Of Groundwater Prospectivity For Irrigation In The Lower De Grey River Area, Don L. Bennett, John A. Simons

Resource management technical reports

The Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (DPIRD) has identified priority areas in the Pilbara that warrant further investigation into their capacity for irrigated agriculture and related businesses. The De Grey River area is one of these.

The lower De Grey River area, upstream of the De Grey River Water Reserve, was identified by the Transforming Agriculture in the Pilbara (TAP) project for staged investigations of viability. Progression through these stages, each with increasingly detailed groundwater and soil suitability investigations, is dependent on prospectivity.

This document provides a summary of DPIRD’s initial desktop groundwater evaluation in the lower De …