Agriculture Commons^™

Study On Total Flavonoids Extract And Antioxidant Capacity Of Flemingia Macrophylla, Wang Yan, Yu Lu, Gao Jian-Wei, Lin Wei, Bo Li-Ying

Food and Machinery

The extraction process conditions of total flavonoids from Flemingia macrophylla were optimized, and the extract's antioxidant properties were also studied. Firstly, the single factor test and response surface test were applied to optimize the alcohol reflux extraction process, and the antioxidant activity of the extract was finally evaluated. It was found that the best extraction time was 52 min, material-liquid ratio 1∶6 (g/mL), ethanol volume fraction 70%, extraction temperature 60 ℃. Rutin was used as the standard substance, the total flavonoid content of the extract is 75.47 μg/mg; the IC₅₀ of the extract for ABTS+· and DPPH· scavenging was …

Influence Of Cigarette Paper Parameters On Cigarette Ash Holding Capacity, Li Huan, Wang Jian-Min, Wang Hao-Li, Dai Cun-Di

Food and Machinery

In order to explore the influence of cigarette paper on ash holding capacity under smoking and burning conditions, 12 cigarette samples with different cigarette paper parameter combinations were designed and prepared by uniform experimental design with quantitative, air permeability, magnesium carbonate addition, sodium potassium ratio of combustion supporting agent, acid radical type and combustion supporting agent dosage as parameters. The effects of cigarette paper parameters on ash holding capacity were studied by single factor analysis and regression analysis The parameters of cigarette paper were optimized. Results: ① with the change of cigarette paper parameters, the ash holding capacity ranged from …

Research Progress Of Bionic Chewing Device And Its Application In Food Texture Evaluation, Xie Gui-Lin, Zhao Qi, Guo Yi-Fei, Wang Chao, Mao Qian

Food and Machinery

Based on the domestic and abroad research status of the bionic chewing device, its theoretical simulation and application were summarized, and the development direction was also prospected.

Effects Of Raw Material Characteristics And Printing Parameters On Product Quality Infood 3d Printing, Zhang Peng-Hui, Zhou Hao-Yu, Nie Yuan-Yang, Li Bo

Food and Machinery

In this paper, the 3D printing characteristics of starch, hydrophilic colloid, meat and other food materials were reviewed. The effects of printing parameters such as printing temperature, printing speed, internal filling rate and printing nozzle diameter on 3D product quality were analyzed, so as to provide useful reference for the research of food 3D printing technology and the development of printing food materials.

Nutritional Risk And Management Measures Under Covid-19 Epidemic, Qiu Sheng

Food and Machinery

From the perspective of nutrition, this paper mainly analyzed the nutritional risks faced by the post-epidemic era, proposed corresponding nutrition management measures for COVID-19 patients, revealed the importance of nutritional intervention in assisting the treatment of COVID-19, and put forward suggestions for the general public to achieve a reasonable nutritious diet.

Analysis Of Anthocyanins In Purple Sweet Potato Wine Before And After Fermentation By Uplc-Ms/Ms, Yuan Jiang-Yue, He Jia, Sun Jun-Jie, Rui Peng, Liu Xi-Ming

Food and Machinery

The type and content of anthocyanins in the key production process of purple sweet potato wine were analyzed by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry （UPLC-MS/MS）. Results 8 kinds of anthocyanins with large structural differences were identified, and various anthocyanins had different changes before and after fermentation; after high-temperature cooking, the anthocyanin species in the purple sweet potato did not change, but the total anthocyanin content decreased; After being fermented into purple sweet potato wine, the yield of 8 anthocyanins is about 30%.

Research On Omnidirectional Handling Robot Path Tracking Control Based On Improved Fuzzy Pid, Zhang Pin, Li Chang-Yong

Food and Machinery

Based on state of robot, an improved tracking control method which takes the tracking error as an input and the drive voltage of the motor as an output is proposed. A theoretical domain deflation factor is added to automatically adjust the fuzzy controller, and the range of parameters was determined preliminarily by experimental measurement. Then the sparrow population was initialized by adding a reverse learning strategy, and a weight factor was designed to control the proportion of followers close to the finder to prevent precocity. The results show that the improved sparrow algorithm performs better than the original algorithm in …

Effect Of Frozen Storage Time On The Physicochemical Property Of Different Type Of Raw Meat, Guo Yun-Kai, Yu Li-Gang, Yang Yu-Kun, Guo Cai-Xia, Li Mei-Ping

Food and Machinery

In this study, color, cooking loss, water holding capacity, water-loss rate, pH value, amino acid and fatty acid composition of raw meat were investigated during storage （0, 1, 2, 4, 8 weeks） at -18 ℃. The results indicated that water-loss rate and cooking loss of meat increased as the storage time increased, and water holding capacity of meat decreased with the increasing storage time （P<0.05）. The contents of lysine, alanine and cysteine increased with the increasing storage time. The amounts of saturated fatty acids increased obviously, while polyunsaturated fatty acids contents decreased with the increasing storage time. Therefore, although frozen storage is an ideal method for meat storage. However, the nutritive value of raw meat will change, leading to the decline of meat quality.

Agriculture & Data Privacy: I Want A Hipaa(Potamus) For Christmas . . . Maybe, Jennifer Zwagerman

Texas A&M Law Review

Technology advancements make life, work, and play easier and more enjoyable in many ways. Technology issues are also the cause of many headaches and dreams of living out the copier destruction scene from the movie “Office Space.” Whether it be user error or technological error, one key technology issue on many minds right now is how all the data produced every second of every day, in hundreds of different ways, is used by those that collect it.

How much data are we talking about here? In 2018, the tech company Domo estimated that by 2020 “1.7 MB of data will …

Texas A&M Law Review Fall 2020 Symposium: Containing Covid Catastrophes: Addressing The Effects Of Covid-19 On The Agricultural Industry Texas A&M University School Of Law, James D. Bradbury, Greg Ibach

Texas A&M Law Review

Transcript from Fall 2020 Symposium, "Containing Covid Catastrophes: Addressing The Effects Of Covid-19 On The Agricultural Industry Texas A&M University School Of Law"

Featuring Panelists: Jim Bradbury & Greg Ibach

Crops, Livestock, And Covid-19, Oh My: An Overview Of Potential Covid-19 Liability In Agricultural Operations, Paul Goeringer, Julie Walker

Texas A&M Law Review

The year 2020 presented a new potential risk of which many business owners, including agricultural operators, were unaware: a global pandemic related to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, also known as COVID-19. Starting in March 2020, the United States worked to contain this virus, while businesses sought to protect their workers (who had to continue working to work) as well as their customers. At the same time, a number of businesses had concerns about how to limit liability from customers arguing later that the business had spread the virus.

This Article explores the potential liability agricultural operations face and ways to manage …

Tree Establishment On Post-Mining Waste Soils: Species, Density, And Mixture Effects, Degi Harja Asmara, Suzanne Allaire, Meine Van Noordwijk, Damase P. Khasa

Aspen Bibliography

Tree establishment to restore degraded boreal post-mining lands is challenged by low soil productivity, a harsh microclimate, and potentially high contaminant levels. The use of mixed vegetation can facilitate the microclimate but increase competition for soil resources. A statistical accounting of plant–plant interactions and adaptation to multispecies conditions is hard to achieve in field experiments; trials under controlled conditions can distinguish effects of planting density and species interactions in the early stages of plant establishment. A greenhouse trial was established in containers (“mesocosms”) with waste rock or fine tailings from gold mines. Pregerminated (1-week-old) seedlings (Alnus viridis subsp. crispa …

Critical Time For Weed Removal In Corn As Influenced By Planting Pattern And Pre Herbicides, Dejan Nedeljkovic, Stevan Knezevic, Dragana Bozic, Sava Vrbnicanin

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

Determining the critical time for weed removal (CTWR) is essential for the development of an integrated weed management plan. Therefore, field experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of two planting patterns (standard and twin-row) with and without PRE-applied herbicides on CTWR in corn. Experiments were laid out in a split-plot arrangement with two main plots: (i) standard row planting (SRP) that is 70 cm wide, and (ii) twin-row planting (TRP) with 50 cm distance between each set of double rows. Each main plot was divided into two sub-plots (with and without PRE herbicides). The sub-sub-plots consisted of seven weed …

2020 Nebraska Income Averages, Tina N. Barrett

Cornhusker Economics

Each year the numbers gathered by Nebraska Farm Business, Inc tell a story. Sometimes that story is subtle like a drought or storm that affects a small region of the state. Sometimes it is obvious like the drought in 2012, the run-up of commodity prices from 2008-2013, or the impact of the worldwide pandemic of 2020. The one thing that was unique about the story of 2020 was that the sub-stories are not necessarily what you would expect.

Can Improved Canopy Light Transmission Ameliorate Loss Of Photosynthetic Efficiency In The Shade An Investigation Of Natural Variation In Sorghum Bicolor, Nikhil S. Jaikumar, Samantha S. Stutz, Samuel B. Fernandes, Andrew D.B. Leakey, Carl J. Bernacchi, Patrick J. Brown, Stephen P. Long

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

Previous studies have found that maximum quantum yield of CO2 assimilation (φCO2,max,app) declines in lower canopies of maize and miscanthus, a maladaptive response to self-shading. These observations were limited to single genotypes, leaving it unclear whether the maladaptive shade response is a general property of this C4 grass tribe, the Andropogoneae. We explored the generality of this maladaptation by testing the hypothesis that erect leaf forms (erectophiles), which allow more light into the lower canopy, suffer less of a decline in photosynthetic efficiency than drooping leaf (planophile) forms. On average, φCO2,max,app declined 27% in lower canopy leaves across 35 accessions, …

Soil Quality Assessment Of An Agroforestry System Following Long-Term Management In The Ozark Highlands, Shane Ylagan, Helen C.S. Amorim, Amanda J. Ashworth, Tom Sauer, Brian J. Wienhold, Phillip R. Owens, Yuri L. Zinn, Kristofor R. Brye

United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service / University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Faculty Publications

The Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) is a quantitative soil quality (SQ) evaluation tool that is widely applied to assess soil response to specific agricultural management practices over time. Considering the reported SQ benefits of agroforestry (AF) systems and the potential usefulness of SMAF, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of tree species (pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] and northern red oak [Quercus rubra L.]), soil fertility source (poultry litter [PL] and inorganic N fertilizer [control]), and soil depth (0–15 and 15–30 cm) on SMAF-derived SQ indices after 17 yr of management at an AF …

Sweet Sorghum Genotypes Tolerant And Sensitive To Nitrogen Stress Select Distinct Root Endosphere And Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities, Lucas Dantas Lopes, Yen Ning Chai, Ellen L. Marsh, John F. Rajewski, Ismail Dweikat, Daniel P. Schachtman

Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications

The belowground microbiomes have many beneficial functions that assist plant growth, including nutrient cycling, acquisition and transport, as well as alleviation of stresses caused by nutrient limitations such as nitrogen (N). Here we analyzed the root endosphere, rhizosphere and soil bacterial communities of seven sweet sorghum genotypes differing in sensitivity to N-stress. Sorghum genotypes were grown in fields with no (low-N) or sufficient (high-N) N. The dry shoot weight ratio (low-N/high-N) was used to determine N-stress sensitivity. Our hypothesis was that genotypes tolerant and sensitive to N-stress select distinct bacterial communities. The endosphere and rhizosphere bacterial community structure were significantly …

Identification And Management Of Scotch Thistle (Onopordum Acanthium L.) In Pastures, Rangelands, And Non-Crop Settings, Cody Zesiger, Jacob Hadfield, Kalen Taylor, Corey Ransom

All Current Publications

Scotch thistle (Onopordum acanthium) is an invasive species native to Eurasia. It was likely introduced into North America during the late 19th century (Young & Evans, 1969). Due to the plant’s size and prickles, a stand can damage pasture productivity, ruin campsites, or make trails nearly impassable. The thistle also outcompetes desirable plants and greatly reduces forage use by large animals. Since not all thistles are related or alike, it is essential to correctly identify Scotch thistle before making management decisions. This fact sheet provides information about identification, lifecycle and distribution, and management.

Identifying And Managing Dyer's Woad (Isatis Tinctoria) In Pastures, Rangelands, And Non-Crop Settings, Cody Zesiger, Jacob Hadfield, Corey Ransom

All Current Publications

Dyer's woad (Isatis tinctoria) was introduced into Utah during the mid-nineteenth century as a source of indigo dye. The plant escaped cultivation and has spread across rangelands, foothills, and other sites throughout the Intermountain West. This fact sheet provides information about identifying dyer's woad and its lifecycle, distribution, and management in pastures, rangelands, and non-crop settings. It includes information about using appropriate herbicides to control dyer's woad and how to apply them.

Spatial And Temporal Variation Of Epigaeic Beetle Assemblages (Coleoptera, Carabidae, Staphylinidae) In Aspen-Dominated Mixedwood Forests Across North-Central Alberta, H. E. James Hammond, Sergio García-Tejero, Greg R. Pohl, David W. Langor, John R. Spence

Aspen Bibliography

Epigaeic beetle assemblages were surveyed using continuous pitfall trapping during the summers of 1992 and 1993 in six widely geographically distributed locations in Alberta’s aspen-mixedwood forests prior to initial forest harvest. Species composition and turnover (β-diversity) were evaluated on several spatial scales ranging from Natural Regions (distance between samples 120–420 km) to pitfall traps (40–60 m). A total of 19,885 ground beetles (Carabidae) representing 40 species and 12,669 rove beetles (non-Aleocharinae Staphylinidae) representing 78 species was collected. Beetle catch, species richness, and diversity differed significantly among the six locations, as did the identity of dominant species. Beetle species composition differed …