Leisure Studies Commons^™

Summary Of Group Development/ Group Dynamics Discussion, Leo H. Mcavoy, Anderson B. Young

Research in Outdoor Education

Summarizes the group discussion held following the keynote on group development and group dynamics.

Summary Of Therapeutic Uses Discussion, Michael Gass

Research in Outdoor Education

Summarizes the group discussion held following the keynote on therapeutic outdoor recreation.

Therapeutic Uses Of Adventure-Challenge-Outdoor-Wilderness: Theory And Research, H. Lee Gillis

Research in Outdoor Education

This article contains the text of a keynote presentation at the Inaugural Symposium at Bradford Woods, January 1992, which focused on research into therapeutic recreation.

Fear In Outdoor Education: The Influence Of Gender And Program, Anderson B. Young, Alan Ewert

Research in Outdoor Education

Using the Situational Fear Inventory, outdoor course participants identified the degree to which they experienced social-based and physical-based anxieties at the beginning, middle, and end of their course. Levels of social-based fears were higher and more resistant to modification. Females expressed higher levels of fears. Most fears were reduced significantly through program participation.

Optimal Experience Among Campers In A Resident Camp Setting, M. Deborah Bialeschki, Karla A. Henderson

Research in Outdoor Education

The purpose of this exploratory study was to assess optimal experience, also known as "flow" and "quality of experience," in a resident camp setting. Campers from a private coeducational children's camp in the southeastern United States were asked to record descriptions of their involvement, attitudes, and feelings during randomly selected times during two camp sessions in 1991. The research questions addressed were: How do experiences associated with a quality of experience and flow occur in the resident camp setting? How frequently do they occur? What implications does an understanding of flow have for providing better camp experience.,? Based on this …

Outcomes Of Adventure Program Participation By Adolescents Involved In Psychiatric Treatment, Jeffrey P. Witman

Research in Outdoor Education

This study investigated selected outcomes of adventure program participation by adolescents involved with psychiatric treatment. This study was one component of a larger study of adventure outcomes among adolescents in treatment A random (N=42) sample of program participants at 12 sites (hospitals, treatment centers) were involved. The participants were asked a week after their involvement in adventure experiences, to indicate the extent to which they had shared information about the adventure experience with others and bad applied attitudes and skills gained in the program. The findings suggested that adolescents in treatment talk about the adventure experience and apply it in …

Neuroendocrine Reactivity During The Naturalistic Stress Of An Outward Bound Course, Camille J. Bunting, Cynthia Kuhn, Redford B. Williams

Research in Outdoor Education

Recent studies have found that subjects with high hostility propensity have greater catecholamine (CA) and cortisol (Cf) levels during laboratory stressors. The present investigation sought to determine if similar patterns would be found in the naturalistic setting of an Outward Bound experience, and if high versus low aerobic fitness would influence CA and CT levels in this setting. Sixty-six individuals volunteered for the study from participants who had registered for a nine-day 'adult intensive' Outward Bound course. Thirty-one subjects were selected from those who volunteered. The Cook-Medley Hostility Inventory was completed by each subject prior to arriving for their course …

Psychological Rationale For Adventure Therapy With Hospitalized Adolescents, H. Lee Gillis, Alan Williams, Helen Hollis

Research in Outdoor Education

Inpatient and residential therapeutic programs for adolescents are often fairly generic in format relying heavily on traditional, insight-Oriented approaches to treatment without regard to how the intellectual functioning of the adolescent might impact upon therapeutic effectiveness. This study examined the WISC-R profiles of two treatment populations and presented a theoretical rationale for using adventure based treatment based upon the participants performance on verbal and performance subscales. It is hoped that the article might be used to help justify the implementation of adventure therapy in psychiatric treatment facilities and lead to further research to test the proposed hypotheses.

Outdoor Leadership: A Question Of Vision And Ethics, Karen M. Fox, Leo H. Mcavoy

Research in Outdoor Education

Outdoor education increasingly includes programs for youth-at-risk, multi-cultural groups, battered women, and other special populations. The diversity of such groups and their needs and expectations place additional demands upon the outdoor leader. "Good judgement" on a trip with seniors may not be identical to "good judgement" on a trip with youth-at-risk; group exercises appropriate for young males of color may be inappropriate for women who have been abused. The diverse populations and situations will require outdoor leaders to become more self-aware, reflective, and sensitive to culture, race, and gender differences (Greenleaf, 1970; Shapiro, 1988; Terry, 1988). Resolving conflicts and ethical …

Phenomenological Study Of Wilderness Experience And Human Development, Maurice Legault

Research in Outdoor Education

This study is aimed at better understanding the phenomenon of interaction between the individual and the natural environment from a human development perspective. It is a qualitative study focusing on the scientific study of the human experience in a natural environment The main theoretical context for this study is that of phenomenology (Husserl, 1859-1938), from which stems phenomenological psychology, whose founder Giorgi (1931- ) defined it as being the study of phenomena as experienced by enlightened human beings, and the research methods for the study of these phenomena (Giorgi, 1983). The focus is thus the Lebenswelt, which in Husserlian terminology …

The Adventure-Based Counselor As A Group Counselor, Jaclyn S. Gerstein

Research in Outdoor Education

Through the use of a group counseling format in conjunction with the adventme activities, participants in the growing number of adventure-based counseling programs are gaining a better understanding of the consequences of their behavior patterns. The purpose of this investigation was to identify those group counseling skills relevant to adventure based counseling. The subjects were the supervisors and counselors from the adventure based programs. Participants were asked to respond to a mailed questionnaire. 'fh1ough this investigation, those skills relevant to adventure.-based counseling were identified. The investigation was designed to take the first steps in examining adventure -based counseling as a …

The Impact Of A Corporate Adventure Program, William J. Quinn, Robert Vogl

Research in Outdoor Education

Corporations continue to use adventure challenge activities to create or enhance a sense of cohesion, or team, within their corporate culture. The purpose of this study was to document the perceived benefits of an "Adventure Challenge" program on a _short term basis. The program was designed to meet specific expectations held by high ranking employees of an international accounting firm. The goals for the program were developed in consultation with instructional designers and their superiors responS1ole for the finns' training and devel<>J>ment This paper reports on efforts t.o document the impact of an adventure challenge program integrated into …

Facilitators: One Key In Implementing Successful Experience­ Based Training And Development Programs, Richard J. Wagner, Christopher C. Roland

Research in Outdoor Education

An increasing number of corporate experience-based training and development (EBTD) programs are being implemented in both the profit and nonprofit sectors throughout the United States, and a host of other countries. In a survey recently published in Training and Development Journal, Wagner, Baldwin, and Roland (1991) found that 13% of U.S. Training Directors reported that their organizations currently used some form of experience-based outdoor training and development The qualitative and quantitative data that have been generated to date on EBTD have indicated that individual and group behaviors appear to change positively after subjects have participated in these training programs. One …

Evaluation Of A Comprehensive Challenge/Adventure Program For Sexually Abused/Exploited Youth, Thomas E. Smith

Research in Outdoor Education

This study attempted to validate the challenge/adventure methodology as applied to sexually abused/exploited youth in a residential treatment placement by measuring personality and behavioral changes in those youth. The Fresh Start Program is a special living and learning placement for youth between the ages of 12-18. Youth in placement typically present a complex and variable assortment of educational, psychological, and behavioral problems. The youth live in foster family homes, which operate under the "Family Education Model" for behavioral management and behavioral improvement There are two homes on the grounds of the large camp and retreat center facility in Northern Wisconsin, …

The Impact Of Total Employee Participation In An Experience-Based Training And Development Program, Or Corporate Adventure Training Program, On The Corporation's Work Climate, Simon Priest

Research in Outdoor Education

Experience-based Training and Development (EBTD) or Corporate Adventure Training (CAT) has had a short history of usage and a long history of problems· with its credibility. Proponents of EBTD/CAT have claimed it was an effective and appropriate way to build teams, develop individuals and improve companies. They stated their case on a moderate collection of personal anecdotes and testimonies. Opponents of EBTD/CAT have claimed it was a sham, like many of the group oriented encounter techniques of the sixties. They cemented their opinion by pointing to a clear lack of research evidence, failing to substantiate the impact of such programs. …

Recreation Benefits: The Benefit-Based Approach To Recreation Planning; Why Wellness; Personal/Social Relationships And Wellness, Elery Hamilton Smith

Research outputs pre 2011

The identification and measurement of the benefits which result from leisure and recreation is currently a major concern of both recreation researchers and recreation managers. It has always been assumed that recreation is beneficial; in fact, part of the basic ideology of recreation is that recreational activity is 'bad' for somebody and has also diverted attention from the very important task of developing a critical and valid understanding of what benefits actually result and how they are generated...

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 66, No. 13, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Phillips, Noelle. Students Seeking Regents’ Attention – Western XXI
• Bricking, Tanya. Climbs Peak His Interest – William Kummer aka Biff
• Hoover, Amy. Nurses’ Salaries Increasing
• Officers Have Lead in Killing of Co-ed – Kristi Hedden
• Survey Measures Students’ Concerns – Campus Crusade for Christ
• Homecoming Rally Gets New Location – Big Red’s Roar
• Humanities Fellowships to be Offered
• Meetings’ Legality Questioned - Regents
• Alpha Gamma Rho Charter Temporarily Suspended
• Board Shouldn’t Vote on Draft Monday – Western XXI
• Bradley, Jim. Editorial Cartoon Students Chasing Western …

Leisure Lifestyle And Perceived Social Support Of Older Adults In A Rural Environment, Elizabeth Dow Pittaway

Theses and Dissertations (Comprehensive)

The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding of the leisure lifestyles of rural older adults and specifically to determine whether a relationship existed among leisure lifestyle, perceived social support, and well-being. Control variables included socio-demographic factors, value of leisure, satisfaction with life domains, length of residency, ethnicity, religion, and personal and structural barriers. The theoretical framework included social exchange theory and social support perspectives. A descriptive correlational research design was utilized and a mail survey questionnaire was developed and distributed to people 55 and older. Rural older adults spent more time on indoor leisure compared to outdoor …

Sojourn: A Time In Egypt, Deborah L. Miller

Institute for the Humanities Theses

This work is a chronicle of events and ideas experienced by the author while traveling in the Arab Republic of Egypt in December, 1986 and January, 1987. The illustrations at each chapter head were drawn to help the reader understand the nature of the story of each chapter.

Ua12/2/2 Talisman: Image In The Making, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

1989 Talisman yearbook.

• Image in the Making
• Student Life
• Black, Samuel. Do the Party a Favor – Ronald Reagan
• Carmack, Jody. One In a Million – Kentucky Lottery
• Adams, Jeanie. It’s An Uphill Battle – Cary White, Handicapped Persons
• Devaney, Mike & Jody Carmack. Coming to America – Mike Devaney, International Students, Soccer
• Hadley, Kim. Higher Education – Churches, Religion
• Black, Samuel. Better Late Than Never – Greg Frasier, Cycling
• Burton, Marsha. Geared for Speed – Lynn Ellison, Drag Racing
• Hadley, Kim. The Church Service – Concerts
• Black, Sam. Making Moo-La – Spring Female Sale, Cattle, Kentucky Charolais Association
• Image …

An Estimate Of Backcountry Day Use Of Glacier National Park, Stephen F. Mccool, Amy M. Braithwaite, Katherine C. Kendall

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

Estimates the number of people entering the Glacier National Park backcountry for the summer season of 1988 using infrared beam-activated photography, embedded vibration sensing counters, and trailhead registration validated by personal observation. The study also developed an equation to estimate use levels in future seasons at low cost.

Ua64/10/5 Scrapbook, 1977-1989, Wku Recreation Majors' Club

Student Organizations

Scrapbook created by the WKU Recreation Majors' Club for 1977-1989. Book includes photographs of events and outings, invitations, correspondence and clippings.

The Psychological Effects Of Exercise, Judith Rodin, Thomas G. Plante

Psychology

Thousands of businesses in the United States have implemented programs to promote physical fitness among their employees (Falkenberg, 1987). The programs range from company-paid memberships at private health and fitness clubs to complete work site fitness facilities. These programs have been developed not only to improve and maintain employee health but also to promote psychological well-being and productivity and to reduce absenteeism, insurance claims, and stress. Recent research focusing on the use of employee fitness programs to improve work-related behaviors suggests that these programs may improve absenteeism, job satisfaction, tenure. and health care costs, especially among female employees (Baun, Bernacki, …

Ua3/7/1 Outline Of Proposal For Indoor Recreation And Life Center, Wku President's Office

WKU Administration Documents

Proposal for student recreation center which would become the Raymond B. Preston Health and Activities Center.

• Chapter I. Introduction to Proposal
• Chapter II. Need for Multi-purpose Center
• Chapter III. Educational Significance and Benefits of the Center
• Chapter IV. Facilities to be Included in the Center
• Chapter V. Design of the Center
• Chapter VI. Location of the Center
• Chapter VII. Funding Sources for Proposed Center
• Chapter VIII. Facility Space Needs

Behavior Of Retarded Clients As A Function Of Access To Leisure Activities Oriented Toward Task Completion, David R. Keltner

Home Economics and Family Living Theses

This thesis represents an investigation of the effects of increased access to task completion activities on the behavior of institutionalized retarded clients. The hypothesis was that increased access to task completion leisure activities (non-competitive free time activities requiring the subject to attend to a constructive task during at least five free time periods over the course of the study) would result in reduced frequency of unacceptable social behaviors in a group of institutionalized retarded clients. A hobby kit designed according to the experimental definition of leisure activity was made available to each subject in the experimental group. Target behaviors (social …

Ua94/6/1 Scrapbook, Bryant Medley

Student/Alumni Personal Papers

Scrapbook created by Bryant Medley during his freshman year at WKU. Includes event invitations and broadsides, awards, newspaper clippings regarding social life at WKU in 1983-1984.

Effect Of Educational Budget Cuts On Student Programming In Universities/Colleges Located In The Great Lakes Region Of The National Entertainment & Campus Activities Association, Leslie Freels

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

This study was conducted in order to determine the effects of educational budget cuts on student programming in universities and colleges. It was stated that the universities monies allocated specifically for student programming had decreased, the number of full-time university employees had decreased, the number of national performers brought to campus had decreased, and student participation had decreased A questionnaire was designed to send to those institutions that were NECAA, Great Lakes Region, members. A 62 percent return was received, the questionnaires were tabulated and data accumulated. The data indicated that most universities had received sufficient funds for student programming …

Ua64/10/5 Scrapbook, 1979-1980, Kentucky Recreation & Park Society Student Section

Student Organizations

Scrapbook created by members of the Kentucky Recreation & Park Society Student Section for the 1979-1980 school year. Book includes photographs of events and program notices.

Ua12/2/1 September Magazine, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

Special magazine edition of the College Heights Herald includes these articles:

• Hancock, Catherin. Bored in Bowling Green: It’s Not Just the River that’s Barren
• Taylor, Susan. Still Cheering After All These Years – Cook Twins, Anna Cook Pickens, Betty Cook Gibson
• Fish, Tim. Carnival Knowledge – Beech Bend Park

Integrative Ability As It Relates To Problem Solving Strategies: A Study Of Possible Factors Affecting And Affected By This Ability, Ann King

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Individuals within the United States Forest Service, the National Park Service, the Bureau of Land Management, and state park systems were studied to determine their integrative orientation (general problem solving strategies). This orientation involves a preference for trying new ideas, working within a long time frame, generalizing in planning or managing, taking risks, working in close association with others, examining many aspects of a problem, working on difficult problems, developing a variety of skills, and working on problems requiring continual revision. An attempt was made to relate this orientation to education, major field of study, agency, time, tasks, level in …