Leisure Studies Commons^™

Northwest Montana Fall Visitors - 2004, Norma P. Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This descriptive data presentation is based on a survey conducted by graduate students in Dr. Norma Nickerson's "Consumer Behavior in Travel and Tourism" graduate course during the fall semester 2004.

Lewis And Clark State Park Signs, Robert F. Diffendal Jr., Les Howard

School of Natural Resources: Faculty Publications

Bob Diffendal wrote text and Les Howard created maps for new Lewis and Clark signs at Ponca State Park on the Missouri River.

The Corps of Discovery led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark reached what is now southeastern Nebraska on July 10, 1804. It arrived at the point on the Missouri River adjacent to what is now Ponca State Park on August 22, 1804; and entered fully into South Dakota on September 8, 1804. Over this span of nearly two months members of the expedition saw and described many geologic features. The locations of some of the more prominent …

Chelf, Owen Ross, 1918-1997 (Mss 151), Manuscripts & Folklife Archives

Manuscript Collection Finding Aids

Finding aid only for Manuscripts Collection 151. Papers chiefly of Owen Ross Chelf, a native of Lebanon, Kentucky, with most of the collection focusing on his World War II army service in Europe and his avid interest in muskie fishing.

Montana Nonresident Visitation Trends: 1993-2003, Jim Wilton

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report displays the total number of individual nonresidents visiting Montana from 1993-2003. It also shows the total number of groups visiting Montana during the same time period.

Montana Nonresident Seasonal Travel Comparisons: 2003, Jim Wilton

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the 2003 seasonal visitation and length of stay data for nonresident travelers to Montana. It also displays average daily spending for various expenditure categories, as well as total expenditures for those categories.

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Trends: 1993-2003, Jim Wilton

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the nonresident traveler expenditure trends for visitors of Montana from 1993-2003. It also displays the total actual expenditures and the total inflation-adjusted expenditures.

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditure Profiles: 2003, Jim Wilton

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report examines spending profiles of nonresident travelers to Montana. It displays the average daily expenditures by purpose of trip for different spending categories during 2003.

Montana Nonresident Traveler Expenditures And Economic Contribution: 2003, Jim Wilton

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report shows the economic contributions, expenditures, and average daily spending of nonresident visitors to Montana during 2003.

The Economic Review Of The Travel Industry In Montana: 2004 Biennial Edition, James Wilton, Norma Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This review provides current and historical data of nonresident travel and tourism in Montana, and offers the industry's economic contributions to the state.

Clark Canyon Recreation Survey: 2003-2004, Robert Dvorak, Norma P. Nickerson, Jim Wilton

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report summarizes a study of recreation use on Clark Canyon Reservoir and Barretts Campground from May 24, 2003 to February 29, 2004.

Canyon Ferry Recreation Survey: 2003-2004, Robert Dvorak, Norma P. Nickerson, Jim Wilton, Megan Mcbride

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report summarizes a study of recreation use on Canyon Ferry Reservoir from May 24, 2003 to February 28, 2004. The summer results from 2003-2004 are compared to the results of the 1995 and 1999 Canyon Ferry Recreation studies, as the same survey instrument was used.

Qtc Is Associated With Obesity And Physical Activity Level For African American Females, C. Jayne Brahler

Health and Sport Science Faculty Publications

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular or ischemic disease mortality. Obesity as a cause for acquired LQTS in otherwise healthy individuals is rapidly gaining the attention of the scientific community. African American people have a higher incidence of obesity compared to Caucasians, yet race-specific information is not available for their prevalence of LQTS. Chronic physical activity can help reduce the incidence of obesity, yet little is known about the effects of chronic physical activity on acquired LQTS. Subjects in this study were a volunteer sample of African American mothers (21-53 yr, n = 44) and …

Montana Poll: Resident Attitudes Toward Tourism 1992-2003 , Norma P. Nickerson

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

A 12-year trend (1992-2003) of three questions regarding Montanan’s attitude toward tourism are presented in this report. The majority of Montana residents have a positive attitude toward tourism with an interesting concern about tourism after the 9/11 terrorist attacks.

Crow Country Resident Attitudes: Exploring Tourism Development Potential Montana Ctap 2003-2004, Jim Wilton

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report provides a profile of resident attitudes toward tourism in Crow Country, Montana in the fall of 2003, and summarizes the results of a statewide survey administered in conjunction with the 2003 Community Tourism Assessment Process (CTAP).

Cascade County Resident Attitudes: Exploring Tourism Development Potential Montana Ctap 2003-2004, Jim Wilton

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report provides a profile of resident attitudes toward tourism in Cascade County, Montana in the fall of 2003, and summarizes the results of a statewide survey administered in conjunction with the 2003 Community Tourism Assessment Process (CTAP).

Wibaux County Resident Attitudes: Exploring Tourism Development Potential Montana Ctap 2003-2004, Jim Wilton

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

This report provides a profile of resident attitudes toward tourism in Wibaux County, Montana in the fall of 2003, and summarizes the results of a statewide survey administered in conjunction with the 2003 Community Tourism Assessment Process (CTAP).

Montana Travel Research: 2004, Norma P. Nickerson, James Wilton

Institute for Tourism and Recreation Research Publications

Outlook for 2004 and Review of 2003.

Front Matter, Coalition For Education In The Outdoors (Ceo)

Research in Outdoor Education

The Coalition for Education in the Outdoors is a network of institutions, organizations, agencies, centers, businesses, and associations linked and communicating in support of the broad purposes of education in, for,and about the outdoors. The Coalition assists in identifying the needs of its affiliates in meeting their various constituent needs, as well as advancing the mission of outdoor education globally. A Research Task Force was initiated by the Coalition in 1990 with the purpose of supporting the conduct of research in the field and dissemination of the results. The symposium at Bradford Woods and this publication offer evidence of the …

Editor's Introduction And Acknowledgments, Karen Paisley, Anderson B. Young, Camille J. Bunting, Kelly Bloom

Research in Outdoor Education

An introduction to the journal "Research in Outdoor Education," volume 7 is presented by the authors on behalf of the Coalition for Education in the Outdoors (CEO) Research Committee.

The Effect Of Outdoor Experiential Programs Upon Environmental Beliefs: Do They Make A Difference, Alan Ewert

Research in Outdoor Education

This study examined the effect of a semester-long, outdoor leadership course upon the environmental beliefs and attitudes of participants. Embedded within this study is a three-week field expedition as part of the curriculum for the treatment group. Two research questions were examined. First, are there initial differences in demographic variables between the treatment and control group students? Second, after using the data generated. at the beginning of the semester from both groups as a covariate, are there differences in response to the statements contained in the modified NEP between the stated environmental beliefs of students in the treatment and control …

Motives For Participation In College-Based Outdoor Adventure Programs, Andrew G. Bentley

Research in Outdoor Education

This study identified important motives for participation in coliege-based outdoor adventure programs. In addition, significant differences were determined across experience, participation levels, and credit allocation. By understanding motives important for outdoor adventure programs, this research provides empirical evidence for the management decision making process regarding course offerings and marketing strategies.

A Mixed-Method Investigation Of The Solo In A Wilderness Experience Program, Andrew J. Bobilya, Kenneth R. Kalisch, Leo H. Mcavoy, Jeffrey A. Jacobs

Research in Outdoor Education

The purpose of this study was to investigate the participants' perceptions of an organized solo within a wilderness experience program and the influence that the participants themselves and the environment have on their perception. The literature suggests that many factors influence one's ability to experience wilderness solitude and to engage in meaningful reflection that may lead to personal growth (Daniel, 2003; Fredrickson & Anderson, 1999; Hammitt,1982; Hendee & Brown, 1988; Koch, 1994; McIntosh, 1989; Norris, 2001; Richley, 1992; Stringer & McAvoy, 1992). Two of these factors can be categorized as the participant(s) and the environment; both are considered key program …

The Impacts Of Satellite Phone Technology On A North Carolina Outward Bound School Experience, Tommy Holden

Research in Outdoor Education

Over the last 20 years, adventure-based programs have flourished resulting in additional use of wilderness areas. One of the many factors contributing to this growth is the development and use of new technologies. "New technology ... has allowed backcountry users to greatly expand their reach ... " (McKay, 2000, pg. 150). Adventure-based programs are no exception to the use of this technology. For example, many programs now carry cellular or satellite phones into the backcountry, required as part of their risk management plans. However, the effects of this communications technology on the participants' wilderness and adventure-based experience have yet to …

Environmental Sensitivity And Experience Preferences In Outdoor Recreation Participation, Tinelle Bustam, Anderson B. Young, Sharon L. Todd

Research in Outdoor Education

In the past 30 years, a number of researchers have attempted to understand what makes people care about the environment or what underlies "environmental sensitivity." Most of this research is rooted in the theory that environmental sensitivity (ES) is the first step in a developmental process that.leads persons in the direction of feeling what Chawla (1998) calls "ownership" and "empowerment" (p. 11) regarding protection of the environment· Some early researchers focused on.individuals' self-claimed influences on environmental sensitivity based on "significant life experiences" (Peterson, 1982; Tanner, 1980}; while others attempted to find an association between outdoor participation and environmental concern (Dunlap …

An Exploration Of Meaningful Involvement In Ropes Course Programs, Kathy Haras, Camille J. Bunting

Research in Outdoor Education

The purpose of this study was to: 1) determine if there was a measurable difference in meaningful involvement between the Challenge by Choice (CbC) and Inviting Optimum Participation (IOP) approaches to ropes course program design and delivery; and 2) identify and compare the linkages among program attributes,outcomes, and values with each approach.

Sense Of Community On Integrated Wilderness Trips: A Pilot Study, Timothy S. O'Connell, Mary C. Breunig

Research in Outdoor Education

The purpose of this study was to examine sense of community on integrated wilderness trips. First, differences in perceived sense of community and perceived sense of group cohesion were analyzed from the viewpoint of the group as a whole to determine if there was any significant change over the course of a wilderness trip. Second, differences, if any, in perceived sense of community and perceived sense of group cohesion between people with disabilities and people without disabilities were determined.

The Relationship Between Summer Camp Employment And Emotional Intelligence, Jeffrey A. Jacobs, Leo H. Mcavoy, Andrew J. Bobilya

Research in Outdoor Education

Camping professionals have long claimed that summer camp employment provides camp staff with a number of benefits. The summer camp staff experience has been shown to have a positive effect on the staff members' personal, social and emotional growth (Bialeschki, Henderson, & Dahowski, 1998; DeGraff & Glover, 2002). Yet, some influentia. others such as parents and human resources professionals have questioned the wisdom of a college student spending a summer of "fun in the sun", working at a summer camp for low pay.

The concept of emotional intelligence has been recently gaining favor in the human resource management arena, and …

The Effects Of Intentional Recreation Programming On Internalization Of Type 1 Diabetes Management Among Adolescents, Eddie Hill, Jim Sibthorp

Research in Outdoor Education

This study, with the help of the Utah Association of Diabetes Educators, attempted to determine the effectiveness of using self-determination theory (SDT) at an adolescent diabetes camp to increase internalization of diabetes management. Existing evidence indicates that adolescents manage less than 20% of their diabetes, far less than needed (Anderson, 1985). Failure to manage and internalize behavior for regulating glycemic levels can lead to a number of very significant problems (Bryden, Peveler, Stein, Neil, Mayou & Dunger, 2001). This limited internalized behavior·may be explained by SDT. Self determination theory provides a basis for creating an autonomy supportive. environment while fostering …

Understanding The Role Of Spirituality And Theology In Outdoor Environmental Education: A Mixed-Method Characterization Of 12 Christian And Jewish Outdoor Programs, Gregory E. Hitzhusen

Research in Outdoor Education

This paper examines the role of spirituality in some explicitly religious outdoor environmental programs. As fitting for such a complex research topic that is not yet well understood, a mostly descriptive and narrative mixed methodology is used to characterize a set of Christian and Jewish outdoor programs that demonstrate an original combination of outdoor and environmental education within their spiritual context. Such analysis can help broaden the base of outdoor education spirituality research, can increase awareness of traditionally religious perspectives operative in outdoor education and environmental education and can suggest models for. outdoor educators within religious traditions. Finally, it can …

Using Experience Sampling Method To Understand The Environment For Reflective Learning, Taito Okamura

Research in Outdoor Education

The purpose of this study was to identify the appropriate learning environment for reflective learning during a five-day wilderness adventure program by measuring participant's perception of "yutori", which was a similar concept to "leisure as a state of mind" using Experience Sampling Method (ESM). This study was conducted under the assumption that a learning environment where participants· perceive "yutori', is appropriate for spontaneous reflective learning, based on Nishino's studies that positive mood appears when perceiving "yutori" (Nishino & Chinen, 1998) and that perception of "yutori" relates to intrinsic motivation and freedom of choice for the behavior (Nishino, 1999).